Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/244—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of halogenated hydrocarbons
  • D06M15/248—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of halogenated hydrocarbons containing chlorine
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
  • C07C67/03—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting an ester group with a hydroxy group
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
  • C07C67/24—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof with a carbon-to-oxygen ether bond, e.g. acetal, tetrahydrofuran
  • C07C67/26—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof with a carbon-to-oxygen ether bond, e.g. acetal, tetrahydrofuran with an oxirane ring
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D301/00—Preparation of oxiranes
  • C07D301/02—Synthesis of the oxirane ring
  • C07D301/03—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds
  • C07D301/04—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds with air or molecular oxygen
  • C07D301/08—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds with air or molecular oxygen in the gaseous phase
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D303/00—Compounds containing three-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
  • C07D303/02—Compounds containing oxirane rings
  • C07D303/38—Compounds containing oxirane rings with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
  • C07D303/40—Compounds containing oxirane rings with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals by ester radicals
  • C07D303/42—Acyclic compounds having a chain of seven or more carbon atoms, e.g. epoxidised fats
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
  • C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
  • C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
  • C11C3/04—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fats or fatty oils
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
  • D06M13/224—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic acid
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
  • D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
  • D06N3/0059—Organic ingredients with special effects, e.g. oil- or water-repellent, antimicrobial, flame-resistant, magnetic, bactericidal, odour-influencing agents; perfumes
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
  • D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06N3/06—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds with polyvinylchloride or its copolymerisation products
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
  • D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
  • D21H19/44—Coatings with pigments characterised by the other ingredients, e.g. the binder or dispersing agent
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
  • D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
  • D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
  • D21H19/24—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
  • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
  • Y02P20/582—Recycling of unreacted starting or intermediate materials

Definitions

• the technical field of the invention is the synthesis of plasticisers of polymers.
• the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of polyester compositions derived from fatty acid esters of plant origin, the compositions obtained by this process and their uses as bioplasticizers of polymers such as PVC (polyvinyl chloride).
• PVC polyvinyl chloride
• the properties of PVC can be modified by the addition of miscible compounds of lower molecular weight leading to a homogeneous material. These compounds, called “plasticizers” give the PVC various properties according to the proportion added to the polymer. For indication, soft PVC is distinguished from rigid PVC by the proportion of plasticizer, which varies from 15 to 60%.
• the main plasticizers of PVC are mainly phthalates and adipates.
• the most common PVC plasticizer is octyl phthalate (DOP). This product is derived from petroleum derivatives and has the disadvantage of migrating over time.
• plasticizers derived from raw materials that are not petroleum derivatives but rather from resources that are more acceptable from an ecological and economic point of view and that are otherwise available and have little or no toxicity.
• bioplasticizers for PVC from agricultural resources, which are renewable raw materials, biodegradable, abundant and do not contribute to the increase of atmospheric CO 2 .
• the agricultural resources used as raw materials for bioplasticizers are esters of fatty acids derived from vegetable oils. They have the advantage of being already highly functionalized and therefore require fewer synthesis steps than hydrocarbons to be converted into finished products.
• Patent applications disclose methods for synthesizing polyester-based bioplasticizers from epoxidized fatty acid oils or esters.
• EP-A-0 341 548 the synthesis is carried out by direct acylation using carboxylic anhydride and in the presence of a carboxylic acid and / or sulfuric acid catalyst.
• An object of the present invention is to provide a novel process for the preparation of polymer plasticizers which uses non-toxic and recyclable reagents.
• Another object of the invention is to provide a new process for the preparation of polymer plasticizers which uses compounds from widely available agricultural resources.
• an object of the invention is to provide a process for the preparation of polymer plasticizers which requires few steps and which takes place without a solvent.
• Yet another object of the invention is to obtain compositions which have plasticizing properties of polymers comparable to those of products derived from petroleum resources.
• heterogeneous means in particular that the species concerned is grafted onto a solid support and "homogeneous” means, for example, that the species is soluble, in solution or in suspension.
• traces means in particular that the amounts are less than 5% by weight, preferably less than 1% by weight.
• the subject of the present invention is a process for preparing a composition comprising at least one fatty acid ester of formula (I) below:
• R is an acyl group of formula where R "is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having from 1 to 16 carbon atoms,
• R ' is a linear or branched alkyl group containing from 1 to 16 carbon atoms
• R " is as defined above, in the presence of a catalyst, said catalyst being selected from the group consisting of the following catalysts: homogeneous or heterogeneous quaternary ammoniums, heterogeneous, basic homogeneous or heterogeneous acids and mixtures thereof.
• Another subject of the invention is a composition based on ester (s) of fatty acid of formula (I) described above and comprising traces of quaternary ammonium.
• Yet another subject of the invention is the use of a composition based on fatty acid ester (s) of formula (I) as described above, obtained or not by the process according to the invention. as a plasticizer for polymer, preferably PVC.
• an object of the invention is a method of manufacturing a coated yarn or fabric in which a fabric is coated or a yarn is sheathed with a plasticized polymer described above.
• the reaction is an epoxide-opening acylation reaction which takes place advantageously without a solvent.
• the reaction is preferably carried out in an aprotic medium.
• the reaction takes place at a temperature greater than 70 0 C, preferably greater than 100 0 C. The temperature accelerates the speed of the acylation reaction.
• the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of quaternary, basic ammonium catalysts and mixtures thereof.
• heterogeneous acidic catalysts are chosen for example from the group comprising HY zeolites, Y-Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 and ZrO 2 and preferably they are chosen from the group consisting of these compounds.
• the homogeneous basic catalysts are selected from Lewis or Bronsted bases, in the group comprising potassium carbonate, potassium hydroxide and pyridine. Preferably, they are selected from the group consisting of these compounds.
• the heterogeneous basic catalysts are chosen for example from the group comprising CaO and NaY zeolite and, preferably, they are chosen from the group consisting of these.
• the catalyst is a quaternary ammonium salt of formula R ' 4 N + X " in which:
• the groups R 1 are identical or different groups to each other, chosen from the following groups: linear or branched alkyls, substituted or unsubstituted by one or more heteroatoms, containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 16 carbon atoms, aryls, substituted or not by one or more heteroatoms, comprising 5 to 8 carbon atoms, aralkyls, substituted or not by one or more heteroatoms, comprising from 5 to 20 carbon atoms, alkylaryls, substituted or not by one or more heteroatoms, comprising from 5 to 20 carbon atoms,
• X " is a contranion selected from the group consisting of carboxylates, halides, sulfates, carbonates, phosphates.
• the quaternary ammonium salt catalyst has the formula
• R 1 1W x ⁇ + X in which:" the groups R 1 are groups that are identical to or different from each other, chosen from: linear or branched alkyls, substituted or unsubstituted by one or more heteroatoms, comprising from 1 to 16 atoms of carbon o aryls, substituted or unsubstituted by one or more heteroatoms, comprising from 5 to 8 carbon atoms,
• Contranion X " is a halide or an acetate.
• X " is selected from the group consisting of Cl “ , Br “ and CH 3 CO (X, and more preferably still, X " is a Cl “ .
• the homogeneous quaternary ammonium salts are chosen from the group consisting of the following compounds: tetrabutylammonium chloride, tetramethylammonium chloride, tetrapentylammonium bromide, cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride, imidazolinium salts and their mixtures.
• heterogeneous quaternary ammonium salts are chosen from macroporous anionic resins such as a crosslinked styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer functionalized with quaternary ammonium groups marketed under the brand name.
• macroporous anionic resins such as a crosslinked styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer functionalized with quaternary ammonium groups marketed under the brand name.
• AMBERLYST® A-26 poly (styrene-codivinylbenzene) functionalized with quaternary ammonium chlorides marketed under the tradename AMBERJET® 4200 and mixtures thereof.
• the compound or the mixture of compounds of formula (II) is prepared by epoxidation of a compound of formula (IV) below:
• this compound or this mixture of compounds of formula (IV) being itself prepared by transesterification of a compound or a mixture of compounds of formula (V) below:
• n, x and m are as defined above,
• R'OH an alcohol of formula R'OH in the presence of a catalyst of formula R'OM, in which R 'is as defined above and M is chosen from alkalis and alkaline earth metals, preferably Na.
• the compound or mixture of compounds of formula (IV) is used directly in the synthesis of the compound or mixture of compounds of formula (II).
• the products marketed by NOVANCE® are mixtures of fatty acid esters of vegetable origin which can be used for the direct synthesis by acylation of the fatty acid ester mixtures according to the invention.
• LUBRIROB® 301.01 is predominantly methyl linoleate.
• the compound or the mixture of compounds of formula (II) is prepared by transesterification of a compound or a mixture of compounds of formula (VI) below:
• n, x and m are as defined above,
• R'OH an alcohol of formula R'OH in the presence of a catalyst of formula R'OM, in which R 'is as defined above and M is chosen from alkalis and alkaline earth metals, preferably Na,
• this compound or this mixture of compounds of formula (VI) being itself prepared by epoxidation of a compound or a mixture of compounds of formula (V) below: wherein n, x and m are as defined above, with a peracid, preferably formed extemporaneously.
• the compound or mixture of compounds (VI) is used directly for the synthesis of the compound or mixture of compounds of formula (II).
• it may be a compound or a mixture of compounds sold by the company COGNIS®.
• EDENOL® B 316 SPEZIAL is epoxidized linseed oil, mainly epoxidized methyl linolenate.
• EDENOL® D 82S is epoxidized soybean oil, mainly epoxidized methyl linoleate.
• the peracid preferably formed extemporaneously, is for example formic peracid, obtained by reaction between formic acid and hydrogen peroxide.
• the compound or the mixture of compounds of formula (V) described above comprises one or more fatty acid triglycerides of plant origin, in particular vegetable oils.
• the triglycerides of fatty acids used come from sunflower oil.
• a purification stage of the compound of formula (I) or of the mixture of compounds of formula (I) obtained after acylation is optionally carried out. For example, filtration is carried out on activated carbon. Washing with water can also be done to remove the catalyst.
• composition according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises at least one fatty acid ester corresponding to the following formula (I):
• R is an acyl group of formula R " where R "is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having from 1 to 16 carbon atoms,
• R ' is a linear or branched alkyl group containing from 1 to 16 carbon atoms
• X is 1, 2 or 3
• the groups R 'and R " are linear or branched alkyl groups having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and especially from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and:
• R ' is preferably selected from the group consisting of: methyl, ethyl and 2-ethylhexyl and R "is preferably selected from the group consisting of: methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl.
• the composition according to the invention comprises the products obtained by the process of the invention.
• the composition according to the invention, obtained or not by the process of the present invention has very interesting properties and qualities. It is endowed in particular with remarkable plasticizing properties of polymer materials, in particular PVC (polyvinyl chloride).
• this composition according to the invention is not toxic, which is advantageous for the polymer materials plasticized by the latter.
• compositions according to the invention are illustrated below in the experimental part. Said properties justify the use of the composition comprising at least one fatty acid ester, preferably obtained by the method described above, as a plasticizer for a polymer, in particular PVC.
• plasticized polymers, in particular plasticized PVC, by the plasticizing composition of the invention are the same as those of plasticized polymers, in particular plasticized PVC, by the products commonly used, including octyl phthalate.
• the invention relates to son or fibers coated with plasticized polymer, preferably plasticized PVC, by the composition especially obtained by the process according to the invention as well as substrates whose surfaces are coated with such plasticized PVC.
• the substrates may be fabrics, non-woven substrates, floor coverings, wood, etc.
• the present invention also relates to a woven or non-woven fibrous substrate comprising at least one layer of plasticized polymer, preferably plasticized PVC as defined above.
• FIG. 1 represents the viscosity and elasticity modules of the material according to example 3, as a function of temperature
• FIG. 2 represents the viscosity and elasticity moduli of the material according to example 4, depending on the FIG. 3 represents the viscosity and elasticity moduli of the material according to example 6, as a function of temperature
• FIG. 4 represents the viscosity and elasticity modules of the reference material DINP, as a function of the temperature. .
• composition comprising predominantly ethyl oleate was prepared from vegetable oil according to the following reaction scheme:
• step 0 The composition obtained in step 0 is epoxidized according to the following reaction scheme:
• step 1 The composition obtained in step 1 is acylated to give the composition 1 according to the following reaction scheme: Epoxy methyl oleate obtained in Step 1 Composition 1
• a composition comprising at least one epoxidized fatty acid ester by transesterification from epoxidized soybean oil marketed by COGNIS OLEOCHEMICALS® was prepared according to the following reaction scheme:
• composition 2 comprising mainly at least one fatty acid ester comprising four lateral acetate groups by acylation was prepared from the composition obtained in step 1. epoxy methyl linoleate obtained in step 1 Composition 2
• a composition comprising at least one epoxidized fatty acid ester by epoxidation from 2-ethylhexyl ester of oleic acid predominantly mono-unsaturated was prepared according to the following reaction scheme
• composition 3 comprising a fatty acid ester comprising two side acetate groups by acylation was prepared from the composition obtained in step 1.
• Epoxidized 2-ethylhexyl oleate obtained in Step 1 Composition 3
• Step 1 A composition comprising a mixture of epoxidized fatty acid esters from a mixture based on predominantly mono-unsaturated oleic methyl and ethyl esters was prepared according to the following reaction scheme:
• the starting mixture marketed by the company NOVANCE under the name ESTOROB® 802.11 has the following composition:
• a composition 4 comprising, for the most part, a mixture of fatty acid esters comprising two lateral acetate groups from the composition obtained in step 1 according to the following reaction scheme:
• a composition was prepared from a mixture of oleic acid methyl ester predominantly mono-unsaturated according to the following reaction scheme:
• the starting mixture marketed by the company NOVANCE under the name LUBRIROB® 926.65 has the following composition:
• a composition comprising a mixture of fatty acid esters comprising two lateral acetate groups from the composition obtained in step 1 was prepared according to the following reaction scheme:
• a composition was prepared from a mixture of predominantly di-unsaturated linoleic acid methyl ester according to the following reaction scheme:
• the starting mixture sold by NOVANCE® under the name LUBRIROB® 301.01 has the following composition:
• a composition 6 was prepared from the composition obtained in step 1 according to the following reaction scheme:
• a composition 7 was prepared from the composition obtained in step 1 of example 5 according to the following reaction scheme:
• a mixture of 10 g of epoxidized fatty acid prepared in step 1 of example 4, 5 ml of propanoic anhydride and 461 mg of tetrabutyl ammonium chloride are stirred and heated at 130 ° C. for 15h. After the reaction the mixture is cooled, diluted with diethyl ether, then washed with H 2 O, then with saturated Na 2 CO 3 solution and finally with saturated NaCl solution. The resulting solution is colored (dark brown). GC analysis shows that the reaction is complete.
• plastisol is meant a liquid paste consisting of a dispersion of particles of one or more types of PVC (or other polymer) in a plasticizer.
• composition (100 percent PVC resin) PVC 100 Thermal Stabilizer (tin type here) 2
• the plasticizers are compositions 3 and 4 of fatty acid esters (liquids) obtained in Preparations 3 and 4, the PVC is in powder form.
• the liquid thermal stabilizer allows the PVC to be cooked without degrading.
• the thermal stabilizer is a derivative of Sn tin or a metal salt.
• the plasticizer, the thermal stabilizer, the pigment and the PVC are introduced in order. Then the mixture is kneaded until a homogeneous paste (plastisol) is obtained.
• the tests are carried out on the plastisols obtained, each time in comparison with a reference.
• the reference is a Plasticizer / PVC 1/2 w / w sample with di-isononyl phthalate (DINP).
• Brookfield Viscosity standardized test NF EN ISO 2555, the viscosity is measured after 2 minutes at 30 rpm at 25 ° C.
• Percentage elongation NF EN ISO 527-3 allows to evaluate the plasticizing power of the plasticizer within the PVC, the more important it is, the more the composition is plasticizing.
• Red Congo NF ISO 182-1 standardized test that allows to evaluate the static thermal stability of a product, we obtain a time in seconds, the longer it is, the better the thermal stability.
• Test B shows that the plasticizing characteristics of the compositions 3, 4 and 6 are close to or better than those of the DINP reference.
• the plastisol is a suspension of PVC grains in the plasticizer.
• the viscosity decreases.
• T the plasticizer begins to diffuse in the PVC grains leading to an interpenetration thereof.
• This rheological phenomenon is evidenced by the measurement of the shear complex modulus (viscosity) called G * (w) as a function of temperature.
• the curves obtained contain all the information on the plasticizing power of the compound.
• the initial temperature of the test is the ambient temperature (25 ° C.) and the maximum temperature is 150 ° C. This variation of temperature is ensured by a heating rate of 5 ° C. per minute.
• the rheometer measures the modulus of elasticity G 'and viscosity G "as a function of temperature T.
• the gelling start temperature is determined by the first crossing of the modules G '(w) and G "(w)
• the gelling temperature corresponds to the temperature at the plateau reached by G' at high temperature.
• the reference sample prepared with DINP starts to gel at
• the gelation is around 125 ° C. with a modulus of elasticity of 3.62 ⁇ 10 5 Pa.
• the values of the compositions 3, 4 and 6 are compared with those of the reference to determine the plasticizing characteristics. The goal is to get a curve near or better than the reference.
• composition 3 (FIG. 1), composition 4 (FIG. 2) and composition 6 (FIG. 3) are comparable to those of reference (FIG. 4).
• the composition 4 has better plasticizing characteristics than the reference.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
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• Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)

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