Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
  • C09D5/03—Powdery paints
  • C09D5/033—Powdery paints characterised by the additives
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C73/00—Repairing of articles made from plastics or substances in a plastic state, e.g. of articles shaped or produced by using techniques covered by this subclass or subclass B29D
  • B29C73/16—Auto-repairing or self-sealing arrangements or agents
  • B29C73/22—Auto-repairing or self-sealing arrangements or agents the article containing elements including a sealing composition, e.g. powder being liberated when the article is damaged
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
  • C09D7/40—Additives
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
  • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
  • B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
  • B29C2035/0827—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using UV radiation
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
  • C08K9/10—Encapsulated ingredients
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
  • Y10T428/249994—Composite having a component wherein a constituent is liquid or is contained within preformed walls [e.g., impregnant-filled, previously void containing component, etc.]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
  • Y10T428/2991—Coated
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]

Definitions

• the invention relates to a component having a self-healing surface layer, in the interior of which a reactive substance is dispersed whose chemical composition corresponds to a precursor of the material of the surface layer, this precursor spontaneously being exposed to the surface layer material in the event of exposure by damage to the surface is convertible. Furthermore, the invention relates to a self-healing lacquer, comprising a solvent and a layer material. In the paint, a reactive substance is dispersed, whose chemical composition corresponds to a precursor of the coating material, and this precursor is spontaneously convertible in the case of exposure, in the material of the coating material. Finally, the invention also relates to a coating powder which contains particles of a layer material. Also in the powder, a reactive substance is dispersed whose chemical composition corresponds to a precursor of the coating material, which precursor is spontaneously converted into the material of the coating material in the case of exposure.
• the spontaneous conversion of precursors of a coating material into the coating material even under certain conditions are used according to the prior art to ensure self-healing properties of layers or layer materials.
• a self-healing layer or the coating material (lacquer) used for this purpose can be found, for example, in EP 355 028 A1.
• This is a coating of roof tiles whose life duration should extend under weather conditions.
• a lower lacquer layer of the Dachstein contains an aromatic ketone, which on UV exposure or under the influence of sunlight causes the crosslinking of lower layers of lacquer and thus causes the healing of mechanical defects through the spontaneous formation of new chemical bonds.
• the self-healing process is not by a foreign action of a control process - for example, after control by a human - in motion, but in the vicinity of the site of the surface layer - for example, atmospheric weather conditions - automatically grounded the properties of the surface layer and the environmental conditions is set in motion.
• the control of the self-healing process is preferably taken over by a UV exposure (solar radiation), wherein the dosage of the UV exposure can not be influenced, but rather depends on the weather conditions in the field of use. For example, sunshine in Mediterranean countries is on average higher and rainfall lower than, for example, in the Nordic countries. Therefore, setting the parameters for self-curing of the paint poses certain problems.
• the object of the invention is therefore to provide a layer system with self-healing properties or components for the production of such a layer, which on the one hand ensure a high resistance of the layer (for example scratch resistance) and on the other hand provide a precisely adjustable spontaneous self-healing effect ,
• the reactive substance contained in the layer material forms the core of coated particles, wherein the shell consists of an oxidizable substance.
• the reactive substance responsible for the self-healing in a so-called core-shell structure, so that the reactive substance which makes the material available for a self-healing reaction remains protected until its Use becomes necessary.
• the shell of the oxidizable substance provides this protection as long as the coated particles are completely enclosed in the layer. This is achieved in that the layer for the coated particles provides oxidation protection.
• the sheathed particle is exposed, inter alia, the atmospheric oxygen. Under the influence of atmospheric conditions (sunlight, heat) Then, an oxidation of the oxidizable substance of the shell instead, whereby this is destroyed and the reactive substance is released.
• This can for example consist of liquid paint, which has the composition of the layer and, for example, hardens under the environmental conditions (sunlight, heat). In this way, the injury site of the layer can be at least partially filled and in this way further protection of the component can be ensured.
• the following special embodiments of the invention relate equally to the component according to the invention, the self-healing lacquer according to the invention and the coating powder according to the invention.
• a photoactivatable or a thermally activatable catalytic material to be attached to the surface of the shell of the particle, which assists in the oxidation of the oxidizable substance of the shell in the case of activation.
• advantageous self-healing layer systems are used, where the sunlight for a sufficiently rapid oxidation of the oxidizable shell of the coated particles would not be sufficient and therefore damage to the coated component would not be completely ruled out.
• the catalytic material accelerates the oxidation of the oxidizable substance, so that it comes advantageous to quickly heal.
• photo- and / or thermally activated substances z.
• titanium oxide zinc oxide or indium zinc oxide in question. These materials have the property of initiating or accelerating the oxidation of the oxidizable substance by light or heat due to their catalytic effect.
• the catalytically active particles, in particular titanium oxide generate oxygen and hydroxide radicals as a result of the atmospheric moisture, which accelerate the oxidation. tion of the reactive substance of the shell of the particles.
• the coats of the particles can also be destroyed mechanically, which has the additional advantage that the self-healing process is instantly initiated so that, in the event of severe layer damage, the maximum potential of the self-healing property is also available can be made.
• a photoactivatable or a thermally activated catalytic material is incorporated in the core of the particles.
• the oxidation of the oxidizable substance of the shell is supported in the manner already described.
• the reactive substance and the oxidizable substance of the shell in this case must be transparent to electromagnetic radiation of the excitation wavelengths of the photoactivatable material. For only in this way can the photoactivatable catalytic material become active in the still closed state of the coated particles and thus support the oxidation of the shell.
• a further alternative envisages that catalyst particles of the photoactivatable or thermally activated material are dispersed in the product. These take over in the case of activation by violation of the layer, the support of the oxidation of the oxidizable substance of the shell. For this it is necessary that a uniform distribution of the coated particles and the catalyst particles is present in the layer. This is the only way to ensure that local layer damage exposes both jacketed particles and catalyst particles, thus allowing the catalyst particles to take over their function. Furthermore, it is advantageously possible that the reactive substance consists of two components. This means that both sheathed particles of one component and annealed particles of the other component are available in the layer.
• the components are mixed at the site of injury.
• the components can be selected so that by mixing the layer material by a suitable reaction.
• This variant of the invention has the advantage that the formation of the layer material can take place independently of an external energy (sunlight, heat) and in this way a particularly rapid annealing is possible lent.
• more component polyurethane lacquer systems can be used.
• the two components are each contained in different particles, wherein the particles are present mixed in the layer or the layer material. It is also conceivable that the two components are mixed in each coated particle. Here, however, only material mixtures can be used that do not react without supplying an activation energy. The shell of the particles then prevents this mixture from reacting until, due to a breach of the layer, destruction of this shell and the possibility of introducing an activation energy occurs.
• LBL-Technology® which is provided by the company Capsulation Nanosience AG.
• LBL-Technology® a procedure known as LBL-Technology®, which is provided by the company Capsulation Nanosience AG.
• LBL layer-by-layer
• the shell materials may, for example, be biocompatible substances which are oxidatively destroyed in air, oxygen, in particular in the presence of suitable catalytic materials, such as titanium oxide.
• FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the powder according to the invention
• FIG. 5 to 8 an embodiment of the component according to the invention in different phases of self-healing.
• a self-healing lacquer 11 according to FIG. 1 has a dispersion of particles 12 coated on the one hand and reactive particles 13 on the one hand. These are evenly distributed in the paint, resulting in a mixture of said particles.
• the coated particles have, on the one hand, a jacket 14 of an oxidizable substance and a core 15 of a reactive substance.
• the oxidizable substance and the reactive substance have the properties already described, which come into play if the later cured lacquer is injured.
• the coating 11 according to FIG. 2 contains a dispersion exclusively of coated particles 12.
• a reactive particle 13a is additionally provided.
• a plurality of reactive particles, in particular nanoparticles may also be provided. These in turn can form a dispersion in the core 15.
• the material of the core and the cladding are transparent to light having an excitation wavelength for the catalytic material of the reactive particles.
• coated particles 12a, 12b are used in the lacquer 11, in which the reactive substance 16 is distributed as islands on the casing 14. Sheathed particles 12a, 12b of two types are present, these differing in that different components of the lacquer are used as the core
• FIG. 4 schematically shows a powder 17 which is suitable for producing a layer, for example by powder coating. This has sheathed particles 12a, 12b whose function is analogous to FIG. The two components of the different cores 15 of the jacketed
• Particles 12a, 12b provide a two-component system which produces a layer material at least similar to the remaining powder particles 18 which is suitable for self-curing the powder-coated layer.
• the catalytic material is provided only on one kind of the sheathed particles 12b. This simplifies the production of the sheathed particles 12a, wherein the catalytic material 16 on the sheathed particles 12b is also used for the oxidation of the shells 14 of the particles 12a.
• the embodiments of Figures 1 to 4 can of course be used in other combinations, which are not shown.
• FIG. 5 shows the partial section through a component 19 with a self-healing surface layer 20.
• the surface layer 20 consists of the lacquer 11, which has cured and in which the coated particles 12 are dispersed.
• the paint 11 has been damaged by a crack 21, wherein one of the coated particles 12 has been exposed.
• Its shell 14, which now forms part of the crack surface carries islands of the catalytic substance 16, which, as shown in FIG. 6, lead to oxidation under the action of UV radiation and consequently to the destruction of the shell 14.
• the reactive substance 15 can escape from the core of the coated particle 12 and flows into the crack 21.
• the reactive substance 15 (liquid paint) is cured under the action of further UV radiation. It can be seen in FIG. 8 that, as a result, the crack 21 according to FIG. 5 is largely closed again. It can also be seen that the self-healing can not be completed due to lack of mass, but it is ensured that the surface 22 of the component 19 is protected again. Possible defects in the layer 20 are voids 23 or residual recesses 24.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Paints Or Removers (AREA)
• Medicinal Preparation (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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• 2008
  • 2008-06-25 DE DE200810030189 patent/DE102008030189A1/de not_active Ceased
• 2009
  • 2009-06-23 WO PCT/EP2009/057769 patent/WO2009156376A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2009-06-23 NZ NZ59068309A patent/NZ590683A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2009-06-23 EP EP09769225A patent/EP2291465A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-06-23 US US13/000,519 patent/US8460793B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2009-06-23 CA CA2729439A patent/CA2729439C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2009-06-23 JP JP2011515343A patent/JP5395169B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2009-06-23 CN CN2009801245624A patent/CN102076790B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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