EP2241679B1 - Gabione mit einer geschlossenen Struktur - Google Patents

Gabione mit einer geschlossenen Struktur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2241679B1
EP2241679B1 EP10003921A EP10003921A EP2241679B1 EP 2241679 B1 EP2241679 B1 EP 2241679B1 EP 10003921 A EP10003921 A EP 10003921A EP 10003921 A EP10003921 A EP 10003921A EP 2241679 B1 EP2241679 B1 EP 2241679B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gabion
back filling
base surface
gabion according
wire mesh
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP10003921A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2241679A1 (de
Inventor
Paolo Orgnoni
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Artigiana Costruzioni Srl
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Artigiana Costruzioni Srl
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2241679A1 publication Critical patent/EP2241679A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2241679B1 publication Critical patent/EP2241679B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0208—Gabions

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns to a metallic structure, usually called gabion, adapted for containing a back filling and used for realizing retaining wall in the scope of consolidation works.
  • the conventional gabions present a metallic structure having parallelepiped shape adapted for accommodating the back filling inside, usually composed of stones and pebbles, and avoiding its coming out.
  • the metallic structure and the back filling comprised in its inside mutually act determining a structure having high strength and monolithic behavior.
  • AT010249U describes such a structure and is regarded as the closest prior art.
  • the structure of some gabions known in the art is composed of a wire net having a double twisted hexagonal mesh that is cut and subsequently folded in such a way to form a parallelepiped structure (box shape).
  • the loading of the back filling inside the structure is for gravity, from the top, and the top base surface of the parallelepiped, acting as a IId, is temporarily left open to allow the back filling loading and it is successively constrained to the lateral surface of the structure.
  • Different constraining means could be used to reciprocally constrain the panels and close the metallic structure adapted for containing the back filling, such as for example metallic rings, helical springs, U - shaped hooks, etc.
  • the loading of the back filling happens before the metallic structure is closed and particularly before the top panel is constrained to the rest of the structure, as shown in JP 2000054343 or JP 2001073339 .
  • the document GB1588415 describes metallic gabions having box shape realized by reciprocally assembling wire net panels, having different shapes.
  • the panels are shaped to comprise one or two right angles and then to adopt the U shape (three panels and two right angles), or L shape (two panels and one right angle).
  • the connections between the adjacent panels happen reciprocally blocking the free ends of each panels being conveniently hooked or right angled shaped and subsequently folded.
  • the loading of the back filling happens before the top panel is assembled and then before closing and completing the whole gabion structure.
  • the document WO 2007/135352 describes a metallic structure gabion provided with means aiding the handling and transport thereof.
  • the box shaped gabion and its walls are composed of a quadrangular shaped wire net, the top surface is open to allow the loading of the back filling.
  • a wire net panel is constrained to the lateral walls, so that to compose a lid, and to close the parallelepiped structure of the gabion.
  • the transport means are composed of a series of transversal bars disposed at the gabion base at which ends some belts are constrained aiding the lifting thereof by an operating machine provided with a hook.
  • the loaded gabions are very heavy and being composed of a wire net panels, during the transport they may be subjected to deformations determining distortions and inevitably the reduction of the structural characteristics.
  • Object of the present invention is to overcome problems of the previous art and particularly to provide a gabion allowing to load the back filling when its own structure has been completely realized before and then not needing to close part of the structure subsequently to the back filling load.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a gabion that could be loaded with the back filling after its positioning in the designed place for its installation.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a gabion having, while assuring high structural characteristics, reduced weight and then economic to realize and easy to transport.
  • the gabion according to the present invention comprises lateral surfaces, a bottom base surface and a top base surface defining a closed structure provided with a recess for accommodating a back filling inside.
  • At least a portion of the top base surface of the gabion structure comprises a wire mesh panel which includes a plurality of openings for the back filling passing therethrough, whereas the other surfaces of the structure does not allow it to pass therethrough and avoid its coming out from the gabion.
  • the lateral surfaces and the bottom and top base surfaces may be composed of wire net panels and particularly, the wire net of the top base surface comprises a plurality of openings allowing the back filling to pass therethrough for loading the gabion.
  • the openings of the top base surface allow to load the back filling without having to subsequently close the gabion structure which is completely realized before carrying out the material loading.
  • the gabion structure may be advantageously placed where it has to be installed and the back filling has to be loaded "in situ" through the top base surface of the structure.
  • the gabion according to the present invention allows to obtain a closed structure before the back filling loading.
  • structure closed before the loading it is intended the possibility of realizing the whole gabion structure before the back filling is loaded in its inside.
  • a possible embodiment of the gabion comprises in the recess defined by the structure one or more inner partitions dividing the inner gabion volume.
  • a further embodiment of the gabion according to the present invention comprises inside the recess defined by the structure at least one body constituting an empty volume.
  • the empty volumes are not loaded with back filling and allow to decrease the whole gabion weight aiding transport and handling operations.
  • the empty volume presence inside the recess defined by the structure allows to decrease the whole weight while maintaining unchanged its performance and mechanical characteristics.
  • the method for installing a gabion allowing to accommodate a back filling therein is characterized by comprising the step of realizing a whole closed structure before loading the back filling therein.
  • the step of loading the back filling in the closed structure takes place through at least one opening provided on the top base surface of the gabion.
  • the loading may occur after the closed structure of the gabion has been moved and placed in the site wherein it is desired to carry out its installation.
  • the gabion is loaded with the back filling when the metallic structure has been formed completely, through the top surface.
  • the gabion object of the present invention comprises a box - shaped metallic structure 10 defining in its inside a recess wherein a back filling could be accommodated, not shown in figure.
  • back filling it is intended any type of solid material known for use in metallic gabions in consolidation works, such as for example pebbles or rocky material preferable in pieces, also if not uniform.
  • the gabion according to the present invention allows the use of back filling lighter than the above mentioned conventional materials, such as for example expanded clay or expanded polystyrene scraps.
  • the metallic structure has a parallelepiped shape and has four lateral surfaces 11-14 and two base surfaces, a top surface 20 and a bottom surface 21.
  • the top base surface 20 is composed of a wire net panel having a quadrangular mesh whereas the lateral surfaces 11-14 and the lower base surfaces 21 are composed of two superimposed wire net panels having different mesh: one quadrangular and the other hexagonal with double twisting.
  • the presence of the double superimposed net on some surfaces concurs in increasing the structural strength of the gabion.
  • the quadrangular mesh of the wire net of the top base surface 20 defines a plurality of openings 25 such to allow the passing therethrough of the back filling and realize the gabion loading.
  • the lateral surfaces 11 - 14 and the bottom base surface 21 of the structure being provided with hexagonal wire net having a mesh narrower than the mesh of the top base surface 20, do not allow the passage of back filling thereby accommodated in the structure 10.
  • the figure 4 shows a preferred embodiment of a gabion structure according to the present invention.
  • the surfaces 14, 21 and 12 of the structure are composed of panels having a double superimposed wire net (one quadrangular and one hexagonal), forming a weft the back filling cannot pass through.
  • the lateral surfaces 11 and 13 are respectively composed of two panels having a double superimposed wire net: one with quadrangular mesh and one with hexagonal mesh, avoiding the passage of back filling through them.
  • the top base surface 20 of the structure is provided with a single quadrangular mesh allowing the back filling passing therethrough.
  • each panel is constrained to those of the adjacent panel to form the parallelepiped shaped metallic structure of the gabion.
  • the constrain between the adjacent panel sides is realized by appropriate connecting means of known type, for example metallic rings could be used, helical springs or the panel endings could be conveniently shaped, for example to hook shape, to be able to be coupled to the adjacent panel sides.
  • the above described arrangement determines a structure 10 of the gabion with a right parallelepiped shape, in which the lateral surfaces 11 - 14 and the base surfaces 20 and 21 are reciprocally perpendicular, for example the lateral surface 14 and the bottom base surface 21 of the structure form the right angle 36 comprised therebetween ( figure 4 ).
  • FIG. 5 shows a possible embodiment of the structure 10 of the gabion wherein the surfaces are reciprocally tilted, for example the lateral surface 14 and the bottom base surface 21 comprise the acute angle 36 therebetween.
  • the bottom base surface 21 and the lateral surface 12 are reciprocally tilted with the obtuse angle 37 comprised therebetween.
  • the mesh shape of panels may adopt any known shape for such an use, although it has particularly referred to quadrangular and hexagonal mesh with double twisting.
  • the wire net forming the top base surface 20 of the gabion according to the present invention has a greater spacing mesh relatively to the mesh of the wire net used in other panels forming the lateral surfaces 11 - 14 and the bottom base surface 21 of the structure 10 of the gabion.
  • the mesh size of the top base surface 20, forming the gabion lid, determines the formation of a plurality of openings 25 allowing the back filling to be accommodated inside the structure 10 to pass therethrough.
  • the other surfaces 11 - 14 and 21 are realized with a wire net having such a mesh to avoid the passage of the back filling to be accommodated inside the structure.
  • the loading of the back filling happens by gravity through the openings 25 of the wire net mesh of the top surface 20 of the structure allowing its passage and the consequent building-up inside the structure because the mesh composing the lateral surfaces 11 - 14 and the bottom base surface 21 prevents Its passage and thereby the coming out from the structure.
  • the loading may be pneumatic (under pressure) through the openings 25 of the wire net mesh of the top surface 20 of the structure allowing its passage.
  • closed structure is intended the possibility of reciprocally constraining all the panels forming the surfaces of the gabion structure before the back filling is loaded in its inside.
  • the gabion according to the present invention contrary to the structures of the conventional gabions, is loaded after the whole metallic structure forming has been realized.
  • the present gabion could be filled with the back filling after its positioning in the selected place for its installation, allowing to transport the empty structure and not needing to carry out closing operations of the gabion structure when the filling operations are ended.
  • only part of the top base surface 20 may be composed by a mesh determining such a plurality of openings to allow the passage of the back filling through it (embodiment not shown in figures).
  • top base surface may comprise only one opening allowing the passage of the back filling.
  • two hollow bodies 50 and 51 are accommodated in the recess defined in its inside, each of them defining an empty volume inside the gabion structure.
  • the volume of the bodies 50 and 51 remains empty impeding the whole recess of the gabion structure to be filled with the back filling. By doing so a lightening of the gabion is determined to ease the transport and handling operations thereof, while the mechanical characteristics of the structure remain unchanged.
  • the empty volume of the bodies 50 and 51 of each gabion are correspondingly superimposed.
  • the inner recess of the structure may be divided by an inner partition composed, for example, by a further wire net panel, assembled too before the structure is closed for the loading.
  • Tie rods connecting two opposed surfaces of the structure may be assembled inside the gabion structure, or two reciprocally adjacent structures.
  • the tie rods may be composed of steel bars welded to the panel wire net composing the structure surfaces, or they could be constrained in a known manner to the wire net of the structure, for example giving a hook shape to the bar endings in such a way they could be coupled to the wire net of the panels intended to be connected by the tie rod.
  • the gabion according to the present invention comprises means for its transporting and handling, that is means aiding the temporary constrain to operating machines provided with hooks or similar known means for such an use.
  • Such machines for example cranes or helicopters, allow the gabion loaded with the back filling to be disposed in the place where the consolidation works are to be effected.
  • the gabion transport means may be composed by a metallic handle 70, shown in figure 8c , constrained to the gabion structure, or by a plurality of belts used as a harness.
  • Alternatively, for lifting the gabion chokers in steel cables to insert in the weft of the wire net of the bottom structure surface may be used.
  • FIG. 7 A further possible embodiment of the present gablon is illustrated in figure 7 , wherein the structure 10 is represented in section according to a plane parallel to the lateral surfaces 11 and 13.
  • the lateral surfaces 11 - 14 and the bottom base surface 21 of the structure are composed by two panels of superimposed wire net, represented by superimposed continuous line and dotted line for better illustrative clarity.
  • a foldable plate - shaped element is constrained to at least one surface of the gabion and is extended out of the structure 10, In such a way to be used in consolidation works to reinforce the surrounding ground.
  • the plate - shaped element composed for example by a foldable wire net 80, may be constrained to the structure 10 or realized as a whole with one of the wire net panels composing the surfaces of the structure 10 of the gabion.
  • the foldable wire net 80 is realized as a whole with the inner wire net panel (represented by the dotted line) constituting one of the two superimposed panels of the bottom surface 21 of the gabion, and it is represented in folded position out of the structure.
  • the wire net in the folded position allows to ease the handling and transporting operations.
  • the wire net 80 is extended in a non - folded position and used to reinforcing the ground.
  • the foldable wire net 80 may be constrained or realized as a whole with the outer wire net panel (continuous line).
  • the metallic structure 10 of the gabion is completely formed reciprocally constraining all the panels composing it to obtain a closed structure, before loading the back filling in its inside ( figure 8a ).
  • the panel composing the top base surface 20 is formed by a wire net having a mesh which comprises a plurality of openings 25, allowing the back filling to pass therethrough causing the gabion loading.
  • the mesh of the lateral surfaces 11 - 14 and the bottom base surface 21 prevents the back filling from passing and allows its accommodation inside the structure.
  • the loading preferably happens by gravity through an operating machine 60 provided with a blade 61 allowing the back filling transport and its loading inside the gabion.
  • the back filling passes through the mesh openings of the top surface 20 of the structure and it is accommodated inside the gabion to form a monolithic structure with it.
  • the method according to the present invention does not need to carry out operations on the gabion structure previously loaded with the back filling and particularly does not need to carry out the closing of the top base surface.
  • the next step of the method shown in figure 8c , provides the gabion handling in the place wherein the consolidation works are to be effected.
  • the gabion is lifted by an operating machine 62 provided with a hook 63 seaming the transport means the gabion is provided with, for example composed by a metallic handle 70.
  • the loading step of the back filling may occur after the handling of the empty gabion in the selected place for its installation.
  • the complete gabion structure After the carrying out of the complete gabion structure, the latter is handled in the selected place for its installation and then the loading operations of the back filling are carried out through the top base surface of the structure. By doing so it is possible to easily transport and handle the empty structure, before the loading with the back filling.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Gyroscopes (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Gabione umfassend Seitenflächen (11-14), eine untere Grundfläche (21) und eine obere Grundfläche (20), die eine geschlossene Struktur (10) bilden, die mit wenigstens einer Aushöhlung zum Aufnehmen einer Verfüllung bereitgestellt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die obere Grundfläche (20) der geschlossenen Struktur (10) ein Drahtgeflechtelement mit einer Mehrzahl von Öffnungen (25) zum Durchtreten der Verfüllung umfasst, wobei ein Durchtreten der Verfüllung durch die anderen Flächen der geschlossenen Struktur (10) nicht möglich ist.
  2. Gabione nach Anspruch 1, wobei die obere Grundfläche (20) Drahtgeflechtelemente umfasst.
  3. Gabione nach Anspruch 1, wobei wenigstens eine der Seitenflächen (11-14) und die untere Grundfläche (21) Drahtgeflechtelemente umfasst.
  4. Gabione nach Anspruch 3, wobei die Seitenflächen (11-14) und die untere Grundfläche (21) zwei übereinander liegende Drahtgeflechtelemente umfassen.
  5. Gabione nach Anspruch 4, wobei die zwei Drahtgeflechtelemente eine jeweils hexagonale und viereckige Form aufweisen.
  6. Gabione nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche umfassend Mittel für dessen Handhabung und dessen Transport.
  7. Gabione nach Anspruch 6, wobei die Mittel zur Handhabung und dessen Transport ausgewählt sind aus Metallgriffen, Gurten und Kragen.
  8. Gabione nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Aushöhlung innerhalb der Struktur wenigstens eine innere Unterteilung darin umfasst.
  9. Gabione nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Aushöhlung der Struktur (10) zum Aufnehmen der Verfüllung wenigstens einen Körper (50, 51) umfasst, der ein Volumen innerhalb der Aushöhlung ausbildet, wobei das Volumen nicht mit der Verfüllung befüllt wird.
  10. Gabione nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei wenigstens zwei gegenüberliegende Seitenflächen der Struktur als Parallelogramm ausgebildet sind.
  11. Gabione nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei wenigstens ein faltbares, plattenförmiges Element mit wenigstens einer der Seitenflächen (11-14) und der oberen Grundfläche (21) und der unteren Grundfläche (20) verbunden oder integral ausgebildet ist.
  12. Gabione nach Anspruch 11, in Verbindung mit Anspruch 2 oder 3, wobei das faltbare, plattenförmige Element wenigstens ein Drahtgeflecht (80) umfasst, verbunden oder integral ausgebildet mit wenigstens einem Drahtgeflechtelement der Seitenflächen (11-14) und der oberen Grundfläche (21) und der unteren Grundfläche (21).
  13. Verfahren zum Aufstellen einer Gabione gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12 zum Aufnehmen einer Verfüllung umfassend die Schritte des Bereitstellens einer komplett geschlossenen Struktur mit Seitenflächen (11-14), einer unteren Grundfläche (21) und einer oberen Grundfläche (20) vor dem Befüllen mit der Verfüllung und gekennzeichnet durch den weiteren Schritt des Befüllens der geschlossenen Struktur durch eine Mehrzahl von Öffnungen (25) in dem Drahtgeflechtelement der oberen Grundfläche (20).
  14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, wobei der Schritt des Befüllens der geschlossenen Struktur mit der Verfüllung nach der Handhabung und Ausrichtung der Struktur an ihrem Aufstellort ausgeführt wird.
EP10003921A 2009-04-14 2010-04-14 Gabione mit einer geschlossenen Struktur Not-in-force EP2241679B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000605A ITMI20090605A1 (it) 2009-04-14 2009-04-14 Gabbione a struttura chiusa

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2241679A1 EP2241679A1 (de) 2010-10-20
EP2241679B1 true EP2241679B1 (de) 2011-12-28

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ID=41110558

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10003921A Not-in-force EP2241679B1 (de) 2009-04-14 2010-04-14 Gabione mit einer geschlossenen Struktur

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EP (1) EP2241679B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE539201T1 (de)
IT (1) ITMI20090605A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1406525B1 (it) * 2011-01-19 2014-02-28 S I C I S R L Elemento costruttivo prefabbricato per costruire strutture di consolidamento di terreni e relativo metodo di produzione nonche' struttura cosi' ottenibile e relativo metodo di posa in opera
CN102304909B (zh) * 2011-07-18 2013-11-20 中国人民解放军63983部队 可快速撤收的折叠式防护墙
CN111719499A (zh) * 2020-06-28 2020-09-29 陈敬 一种沙石碎物围拢套结构及其制作方法和使用方法

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1588415A (en) 1977-10-04 1981-04-23 Gkn Reinforcements Ltd Gabions
JP2000054343A (ja) * 1998-08-11 2000-02-22 Yahagi Ryokka Kk 護岸緑化用植生土のう蛇籠工法
CA2324406A1 (en) * 1999-01-19 2000-07-27 Marc Braendli Wall, preferably a protective wall
JP2000314118A (ja) * 1999-04-30 2000-11-14 Toa Kogaku Kk 折り畳み式網かご構造体
JP2001073339A (ja) * 1999-09-08 2001-03-21 Fujishige:Kk 石詰めカゴ、石詰めカゴを用いた施工方法及びカゴ製作方法
JP2001207428A (ja) * 2000-01-27 2001-08-03 Setouchi Kanaami Shoko Kk 角形石詰篭
GB0610054D0 (en) 2006-05-19 2006-06-28 Hesco Bastion Ltd Gabions
EP1881114A3 (de) * 2006-07-17 2010-01-13 France Maccaferri Verfahren zur Herstellung von einzelnen Vollbausteinen zur Erstellung eines Bauwerks
FR2917103B1 (fr) * 2007-06-08 2012-09-14 Euro Tec Fascine en materiau naturel autorisant une implantation de vegetaux sans modification de sa structure
AT10249U1 (de) * 2007-09-19 2008-12-15 Reiterbauer Alois Steinkorb

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EP2241679A1 (de) 2010-10-20
ATE539201T1 (de) 2012-01-15
ITMI20090605A1 (it) 2010-10-15

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