EP2233593A2 - Procédé et station de déformage à chaud pour la fabrication de composants de formage en tôle d'acier durcis par presse - Google Patents
Procédé et station de déformage à chaud pour la fabrication de composants de formage en tôle d'acier durcis par presse Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2233593A2 EP2233593A2 EP10157673A EP10157673A EP2233593A2 EP 2233593 A2 EP2233593 A2 EP 2233593A2 EP 10157673 A EP10157673 A EP 10157673A EP 10157673 A EP10157673 A EP 10157673A EP 2233593 A2 EP2233593 A2 EP 2233593A2
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- steel sheet
- hot
- furnace
- pressing
- heated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000712 Boron steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- PALQHNLJJQMCIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;manganese Chemical compound [Mn]#B PALQHNLJJQMCIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
- B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
Definitions
- the invention relates to a hot forming plant for the production of press-hardened shaped components made of sheet steel, with an oven, by means of the hot-formed steel sheet is at least partially heated to austenitizing temperature, and a pressing plant for hot forming and press hardening of the heated steel sheet in the oven. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for the production of press-hardened shaped components made of sheet steel, in which steel sheet is heated at least partially to austenitizing temperature in an oven, then hot-formed by means of a pressing plant and cooled by means of a cooling device.
- hot forming plants For the press hardening of high-strength body parts, special hot forming plants are usually used, which essentially consist of a furnace and a press, in some cases also a multi-ram press. Usually, the presses are hydraulic presses, since relatively long closing times can be realized. In order to increase the performance of the hot forming plant, despite the associated slow cycle times of, for example, 2 to 3 strokes per minute, several parts on the applicant known hot forming lines per press stroke are simultaneously formed and press-hardened. A trim of hot formed components is usually done in a separate laser operation or a separate trim line, the components of the hot forming line discharged and returned to the hot forming line after trimming. This is very labor intensive and economically unfavorable, so solutions are sought as to how the press hardening and trimming processes in a production line can be combined.
- the present invention has for its object to provide a hot forming plant or a method of the type mentioned above, which allows or the use of existing press capacities, allows a high stroke rate and thus provides high productivity.
- the hot-forming plant comprises an oven, by means of which the steel sheet to be hot-formed is at least partially heatable to austenitizing temperature, and a press unit for hot forming and press-hardening of the steel sheet heated in the oven.
- a heating device is arranged upstream of the furnace, by means of which steel sheet can be heated at least partially to a temperature below the austenitizing temperature, preferably to a temperature in the range from 500 to 700 ° C.
- the pressing system is designed multi-level, with a at least a first tool for hot working and cooling of the steel sheet heated in the oven, and a subsequent part of the pressing unit having at least a second tool for further cooling the hot-formed steel sheet, and wherein the second tool further transforms the hot-formed steel sheet, cuts and / or punches.
- the method according to the invention for the production of press-hardened shaped components from sheet steel is accordingly characterized in that the steel sheet is heated at least partially to a temperature below the austenitizing temperature, preferably to a temperature in the range from 500 to 700 ° C., before heating in the furnace by means of a heating device and in that the cooling of the hot-formed steel sheet is performed in several stages, wherein the steel sheet heated in the furnace is hot-formed and cooled in a first part of the press plant, and then further cooled in a subsequent part of the press plant, and wherein the hot-formed steel sheet in the subsequent part of the pressing system additionally further formed, cut and / or perforated.
- the heating device By means of the heating device arranged upstream of the furnace, rapid preheating of the steel sheet to be hot-formed or of a corresponding blank can be carried out, so that the furnace for heating the blank to austenitizing temperature itself can be made relatively short and accordingly takes up correspondingly little space.
- the length of the furnace is, for example, in the range of 10 m to 20 m, and is preferably about 10 m or less.
- the furnace advantageously consists of a continuous furnace, preferably roller hearth furnace.
- the furnace is preferably provided with at least one inductive heating device and / or at least one infrared emitter.
- the combination according to the invention of an austenitizing furnace with an upstream heating device offers the possibility of reducing the required energy input for heating the sinkers to austenitizing temperature.
- this combination offers the possibility of selectively heating (heating) certain areas of the boards in the heating device, so that one or more specific areas of the respective board are not rendered austenitizing during the subsequent furnace run, and thus have lower strength values after the cooling step Areas that have been transferred to the austenitizing state. These less firm or hard areas are better suited for later trimming. In addition, these areas are not or significantly less sensitive to delayed cracking.
- the inventive method thus provides in this preferred embodiment of the invention that the steel sheet or the respective board in the heating device is partially heated or partially heated in partial surface areas.
- the invention proposes that the steel sheet is fed as a tailored board of the heating device, and that the board is not directly heated and / or tempered so that at least in a partial area in which subsequently a trimming and / or perforation this at least one subregion is not converted into the austenitizing state during the subsequent heating in the furnace.
- the respective board partially transferred to the austenitizing state is extensively formed in the first part of the press plant and cooled down to press hardening in a temperature range of preferably approximately 700 ° to 500 ° C., more preferably approximately 600 ° C.
- the hot-formed component is then further thermoformed and calibrated to a small extent and cooled down in a temperature range of preferably about 300 ° to 200 ° C, more preferably about 200 ° C and thereby in one or more sub-areas trimmed and / or punched.
- two-stage design of the pressing system can be achieved in particular a higher component strength. Because of the at least two-stage hot forming and cooling process, in which the vast majority of the hot working in the first part, ie performed in the first stage of the pressing plant, can be in the second or a subsequent part of the Pressing an improved fit with significantly increased contact area between the component and the cooling tool achieve, so that there is a better cooling and thus a higher component strength.
- the heating device has heating plates which are movable relative to one another and can be applied or pressed against an interposed steel sheet to be heated.
- the heat transfer is dependent on the pressure of the heating plates and is preferably applied either by means of a hydraulic, a mechanical press or a press-like device.
- the heating plates of the heating device are preferably designed as electrically or inductively heated heating plates.
- the heating energy costs can be reduced in particular by the use of inductively heated heating plates.
- the heating device of the hot-forming plant according to the invention may also have a non-contactassininduktor- or Ringinduktorschreibappel.
- a further preferred embodiment of the hot-forming plant according to the invention consists in that the multi-stage pressing system at least one mechanically or hydraulically driven device for trimming and / or punching the hot formed, press-hardened steel sheet is arranged downstream.
- the component can be punched or cut in close tolerances, and this preferably in the room temperature condition.
- dimensionally accurate holes and dimensionally accurate edge trimming in the hot state of the component can often not be achieved in the desired quality.
- the concept according to the invention allows the use of conventional mechanical or hydraulic presses from existing forming plants, in particular from cold forming plants, for the hard cutting of the hot-formed components.
- the pruning device downstream of the pruning device is formed from a toggle press, which is provided with at least one trimming and / or punching tool (Hartbe4.000technikmaschine).
- Toggle presses can transmit large cutting forces at an appropriate speed when cutting.
- the toggle presses of the hot forming system according to the invention are preferably designed as rigid toggle presses. With regard to the trim quality and trouble-free operation of the trimming device (toggle press), it is advantageous if it is equipped according to a further preferred embodiment with at least one cutting impact damper.
- a cooling device is arranged, by means of which the hot-formed and at the same time strongly cooled steel sheet with a liquid, in particular with water, oil or an emulsion can be further cooled.
- the Component is preferably cooled to room temperature.
- this cooling device preferably has an immersion bath container. If oil or an emulsion is used as the cooling agent or immersion bath in the cooling device, the subsequent hard trimming is thereby facilitated, thus improving the trimming result.
- the lubrication of the component or its immersion in an emulsion reduces the wear on the subsequent trimming tool or tools.
- an automatically controlled transfer device preferably a robot
- the transfer device arranged between the heating device and the furnace and / or the transfer device arranged between the furnace and the pressing device can be provided with a heating device in order to avoid (premature) cooling of the heated board.
- manganese-boron steel sheet and particularly preferably pre-diffused manganese-boron steel sheet are preferably used in the process according to the invention.
- the latter can be produced in a suitably equipped steelworks by continuous annealing.
- the material costs for pre-diffused manganese-boron steel sheet are higher than the material costs for untreated manganese-boron steel sheet.
- pre-diffused manganese-boron steel sheet offers untreated manganese-boron steel sheet has the advantage that the pre-diffused steel sheet can be transferred to the austenitizing state considerably faster, so that the kiln line required for this purpose can be dimensioned correspondingly shorter.
- the austenitizing furnace can therefore be made very short.
- a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that portions of the steel sheet or component are cooled at different speeds in the first part of the pressing system and / or in the subsequent part of the pressing system, wherein at least one partial area, in which subsequently a trimming and / or or a perforation is performed is cooled at a lower cooling rate than a partial area in which subsequently neither a trimming nor a perforation is performed.
- the partial area in which a trimming and / or perforation is subsequently carried out is preferably cooled at a cooling rate below 27 K / s. The corresponding subregion is thus given low strength values, so that it is better suited for hard cutting.
- hot forming plant is used to produce press-hardened molded parts 2 'made of sheet steel, such as suspension arms or side impact beams for motor vehicle doors. Other examples are bending beams, B-pillars, A-pillars and roof frames.
- the hot-forming plant comprises a stamping press 1 for cutting blanks 2 from a sheet steel strip 3.
- the sheet-metal strip 2 consists of manganese-boron steel, preferably from manganese-boron steel sheet (AlSi-22MnB5), which has been pre-diffused by continuous annealing. It is supplied as a coil 4 of an unwinding of the punch press 1, which operates with a high number of strokes.
- the blanks 2 are deposited on a stack 5 serving as a buffer, from where they are fed by means of a robot 6 or another suitable transfer device to a heating device 7 and inserted into this before they subsequently pass into a continuous furnace 8.
- the heating device 7 has a heated tool, which is preferably formed from two relatively movable heating plates 7.1, 7.2.
- the tool or the heating plates 7.1, 7.2 are heated electrically, with gas or inductively.
- the heated plates are guided in a guide frame and are pressed against each other with the board 2 arranged therebetween.
- heating elements 7.3 are integrated in the mutually movable heating plates 7.1, 7.2.
- the heating plates 7.1, 7.2 are provided with several heating forms 7.4, 7.5, of the respective heating plate 7.1, 7.2 protrude, wherein the heating molds 7.4, 7.5 of the respective heating plate are arranged spaced from each other.
- the opposing heating forms 7.4, 7.5 of the upper and lower heating plate 7.1, 7.2 thereby form a plurality of pairs of covering heating forms 7.4, 7.5.
- a board 2 is deposited on the lower heating forms 7.5.
- the heating plates 7.1, 7.2 or -formen 7.4, 7.5 are formed with respect to the boards 2 so that the later still to be trimmed areas or edges 2.1 of the boards 2 stored thereon in the closed state of the heating device 7 is not directly by contact with the Heating plates 7.4, 7.5 are heated.
- different heating conditions in the respective circuit board 2 can be achieved, so that a certain area 2.1 of the board 2 is not converted into the austenitizing state by the further heating in the subsequent furnace 8.
- the heating plates 7.1, 7.2 are pressed together with the interposed boards 2 mechanically or hydraulically to each other. The higher the pressure, the higher the heating rate.
- the heating plates 7.1, 7.2 can be heated to a temperature level of 500 ° to 700 ° C, preferably to 600 ° C.
- the temperature in the heating plates 7.1, 7.2 is adjusted so that from 500 ° C a heating rate of 12 K / s is not exceeded.
- an area 2.2 of the board 2, which is to be subsequently transferred to the austenitizing state in the furnace 8 has an average temperature of, for example, about 750 ° C.
- the edge of the board 2.1 or the region of the board 2, which is not to be transferred to the AustenitmaschinesSullivan an average temperature of, for example, about 450 ° C.
- the different temperature ranges having board 2 is transferred from the heating device in the oven 8. Again, this is preferably done with a robot or other suitable transfer device (not shown).
- the furnace 8 is preferably designed as a continuous furnace, for example as a roller hearth furnace or walking beam furnace. It has a length in the range of about 10 to 20 m and is equipped with at least one inductive heating device and / or at least one infrared radiator.
- the length of the continuous furnace 8 depends on the nature of the steel sheet 3 used for producing the molded components 2 '. If untreated manganese-boron steel sheet is used, the cut-out blanks 2 in the furnace 8 are first heated so that the area 2.2 of the respective blank 2 to be transferred to the austenitizing state has an alloying temperature over a period of about 300 seconds and thus 2.2 a fürleg réelle the board surface is done.
- the alloy temperature is usually in untreated manganese-boron steel sheet in a temperature range around 600 ° C (see. Fig. 6 ). Subsequently, the boards 2 are heated for a period of about 60 seconds in the oven 8 to Austenitmaschinestemperatur or to a temperature above the Austenitmaschinestemperatur.
- the lower transformation point A C1 at which the conversion of Ferrite begins in austenite is at the used manganese-boron steel sheet at about 730 ° C.
- the upper transformation point A C3 at which the transformation into austenite ends is in the illustrated example at about 830 ° C.
- the boards 2 are heated in the furnace 8 to a temperature well above the transformation point A C3 .
- the temperature of the blank area 2.2 transferred to the austenitizing state for the subsequent press hardening is approximately 950 ° C. when it is removed from the oven 8 (cf. Fig. 6 ).
- manganese-boron steel sheet AlSi-22MnB5 which has been pre-diffused by annealing, is preferably used as the coil material (starting material) 4.
- start material the coil material
- this pre-diffused material causes higher Vormaterialicide, but offers the ability to run the continuous furnace 8 very short, since in this case the relatively time-consuming alloying of the surface of the AustenitmaschinesSullivan to be transferred board area 2.2 no longer needs to be performed.
- Fig. 7 illustrates that when using pre-diffused manganese-boron steel sheet (AlSi-22MnB5) only in a relatively short time feasible heating to a temperature above the Austenitmaschinestemperatur in the continuous furnace 8 must be performed.
- the temperature of the board area 2.2 transferred to the austenitizing state for the subsequent press hardening in their removal from the oven 8 in this case is again about 950 ° C.
- This partial Austenitmaschine can be achieved in about 60 to 65 seconds, so that the furnace section can be made relatively short.
- the length of the continuous furnace 8 in this case may be, for example, only about 10 m or less.
- the thus heated board 8 is then removed by means of a robot or other fast transfer device from the oven 8 and inserted for hot forming and simultaneous press hardening in the first part of a 10.1 two-stage press line 10.
- the first stage or station 10.1 of the press plant 10 consists of a mechanical or hydraulic press.
- a hydraulic press with a pressing force of, for example, about 1,000 t or about 10 MN is used.
- the first part of the press unit 10 forming press 10.1 is equipped with a cooled forming tool.
- the majority of the hot forming work takes place in the first press, 10.1 wherein the resulting molded component in a time of only about 5 to 6 seconds of about 900 ° C in a temperature range of about 700 ° to 500 ° C, preferably 600 ° C. is cooled down.
- the cooling rate in the first stage 10.1 is thus approximately in the range of 80 to 33.3 K / s and thus in any case significantly above a critical cooling rate of 27 K / s.
- the mold component is further cooled down, further reduced to a small extent and calibrated.
- the second stage (station) 10.2 of the pressing plant consists of a mechanical or hydraulic press.
- the second stage 10.2 is a hydraulic press with a pressing force of, for example, about 800 t or about 8 MN. In addition to the hot forming and cooling of the component this is optionally cut or punched in the second stage 10.2 of the pressing system.
- the closing time of the presses 10.1 and 10.2 is variably adjustable.
- a fast transfer device between the two stations 10.1 and 10.2 of the press unit 10 to make the interruption of a rapid cooling requiring press hardening process by the transfer from the tool of the first press 10.1 in the tool of the second press 10.2 as short as possible.
- a robot or another fast transfer device is used, the or the component from the tool of the first press 10.1 in the tool of the second press 10.2 within a maximum of 4 seconds, preferably within a maximum of 3 seconds flips.
- the component 2 ' is then heated in a time of about 5 to 6 seconds from a temperature in the range of about 580 ° to 500 ° C to a temperature in the range of about 300 ° to 200 ° C. , Preferably 200 ° C cooled down and thereby optionally trimmed in some areas.
- the cooling rate in the second stage 10.2 is approximately in the range of 76 to 33.3 K / s and thus again significantly above the critical cooling rate of 27 K / s.
- the tools of the two pressing system stages 10.1, 10.2 are constructed in the region which contacts the component region 2.2, in which a high strength is to be achieved, made of highly heat-conductive material.
- the tool region which contacts the component region 2.1, in which a trimming of the component 2 'is to take place is formed from a material with relatively low thermal conductivity, so that the component region 2.1 still to be trimmed cooled more slowly and thus achieves lower strength values.
- a double-ram press can also be used in the hot-forming plant according to the invention.
- the cooling rate during hot working (including the component transfer from the first stage 10.1 to the second stage 10.2 of the press plant), taken as a whole, is well above the critical minimum cooling rate of 27 K / s.
- the curve labeled A PH represents the cooling rate or time-temperature curve of the martensite state transferred area 2.2 of the component 2 'in the two stages of the press plant 10, while the dotted curve labeled A crit represents the critical minimum cooling rate of 27 K / s represents.
- the dashed curve A B represents the cooling rate of the region 2.1 of the component 2 ', which is trimmed or punched during or after the hot working. It can be seen that the cooling in the edges 2.1 or areas of the component 2 ', in which a Hard trimming is carried out in such a way that the cooling rate below 27 K / s remains (see. Fig. 8 ).
- the process control in the hot forming tools of the two Pressstromhaven 10.1, 10.2 is thus optimally divided and matched with the time duration for the transfer of the component 2 'from the first hot forming tool of the first press 10.1 for hot forming tool of the second press 10.2.
- the hot forming tool of the first press 10.1 may be provided with hydraulic or mechanical control elements (not shown), which allow a change in the distance between the relatively movable tool halves.
- the hydraulic or mechanical adjusting elements are preferably automatically regulated as a function of the sheet metal inlet. The measurement of the sheet metal inlet or the sheet thickness is carried out by means of suitable sensors or measuring systems.
- At least one device 11.1 and / or 11.2 for trimming and / or punching the component 2' follows the two-stage pressing system 10.
- the one-stage or multistage trimming device 11.1, 11.2 a hard trimming of the regions not transferred to the martensite state, in particular the edges of the press-hardened molded components 2 ', is carried out.
- the trimming device 11.1, 11.2 is equipped for this purpose with suitable trimming and / or piercing tools.
- two trimming devices 11.1 and 11.2vorhanden which are formed by toggle press.
- the hot-forming plant according to the invention can have a plurality of such trimming devices, with one or two trimming devices 11.1 and / or 11.2 normally being sufficient.
- the pressing force of the respective toggle press 11.1, 11.2 is for example about 800 t or about 8 MN.
- the transferring of the components from the pressing system 10 into the trimming device (s) 11.1, 11.2 is again effected by means of one or more robots (not shown) or other suitable, sufficiently fast transfer devices.
- a further cooling of the component 2 ' may take place, which may in particular be a natural or forced air cooling.
- the number of strokes of the hot forming plant according to the invention is in the range of 5 to 12 strokes / min, preferably in the range of 7 to 12 strokes / min.
- FIG. 2 illustrated embodiment of the hot forming plant according to the invention differs from the embodiment according to Fig. 1 in that between the pressing system 10 and the trimming device 11.1 a cooling device 12 is arranged, by means of which the hot-formed, press-hardened molded component 2 'is cooled to room temperature RT with a liquid, preferably with oil or an emulsion.
- the cooling device 12 has for this purpose a trough-shaped container for receiving a liquid or emulsion bath, in which the respective component 2 'is immersed before the final trimming in the trimming device 11.1, 11.2.
- the finished component 2 ' is removed from the trimming device or toggle press 11.1 or optionally 11.2 and placed in a storage or transport container.
- Embodiment 1 of the Invention A hot forming plant for the production of press-hardened molded steel components, with an oven 8, at least partially heated austenitizing temperature by means of hot-forming steel sheet, and a press unit 10 for hot working and press-hardening of the oven-heated steel sheet, wherein the furnace a heating device 7 is arranged upstream, by means of the steel sheet 2 is at least partially heated to a temperature below the Austenitmaschinestemperatur, preferably to a temperature in the range of 500 to 700 ° C, wherein the pressing system 10 is formed in several stages, wherein a first part 10.1 of the pressing system at least a first tool for hot forming and cooling of the steel sheet 2 heated in the furnace 8, and a subsequent part 10.2 of the pressing plant 10 at least a second tool for further cooling the hot-formed steel sheet 2, 2 ', and wherein the second tool
- the thermoformed steel sheet continues to transform, cut and / or punch.
- Embodiment 2 of the Invention A hot forming plant as in Embodiment 1, wherein the heating device 7 has heating plates 7.1, 7.2 which are movable relative to each other and can be applied or pressed to an intermediate steel sheet 2 to be heated.
- Exemplary Embodiment 3 of the Invention A hot-forming installation as in exemplary embodiment 2, wherein the heating device 7 comprises a press by means of which the heating plates 7.1, 7.2 can be hydraulically or mechanically pressed against a steel sheet 2 arranged therebetween and to be heated.
- EMBODIMENT 4 OF THE INVENTION A hot forming plant as in embodiment 2 or 3, wherein the heating plates are electrically or inductively heated heating plates.
- Exemplary Embodiment 5 of the Invention A hot-forming installation as in one of embodiments 1 to 4, wherein the heating device 7 is designed such that the steel sheet 2 to be hot-formed is partially heatable therein or can be heated to varying degrees in partial areas 2.1, 2.2.
- Exemplary embodiment 6 of the invention A hot-forming installation as in one of the exemplary embodiments 1 to 5, wherein the pressing installation 10 is arranged downstream of at least one mechanically or hydraulically driven trimming device 11.1, 11.2 for trimming and / or punching the hot-formed, press-hardened steel sheet 2 'in the transport direction of the steel sheet.
- Exemplary embodiment 7 of the invention A hot-forming installation as in exemplary embodiment 6, wherein the trimming device 11.1, 11.2 is formed from a toggle-lever press which is provided with at least one trimming and / or punching tool.
- Embodiment 8 of the Invention A hot forming plant as in embodiment 6 or 7, wherein the trimming device 11.1, 11.2 has at least one cutting impact damper.
- Embodiment 9 of the Invention A hot forming plant as in one of the embodiments 6 to 8, wherein the pressing system 10 and the trimming device 11.1 a cooling device 12 is arranged, by means of which the hot-formed, cooled steel sheet 2 'with a liquid, in particular with water, oil or a Emulsion is cooled further.
- Embodiment 10 of the Invention A hot forming plant as in Embodiment 9, wherein the cooling device 12 comprises a dip tank.
- Embodiment 11 of the Invention A hot forming plant as in any one of Embodiments 1 to 10, wherein the furnace 8 consists of a roller hearth furnace.
- Embodiment 12 of the Invention A hot forming plant as in one of the embodiments 1 to 11, wherein the furnace 8 is provided with at least one inductive heating device and / or at least one infrared emitter.
- Embodiment 13 of the Invention A hot forming equipment as in any one of Embodiments 1 to 12, wherein the heating apparatus 7 is preceded by a punch press 1 for cutting boards 2 from a steel sheet strip 3.
- Embodiment 14 of the Invention A hot forming plant as in one of the embodiments 1 to 13, wherein for transferring the respective steel sheet 2 from the heating device 7 to the oven 8 and / or from the oven 8 to the pressing system 10 and / or from the pressing system 10 to a downstream trimming device 11.1 in each case an automatically controlled transfer device, preferably a robot 6, 9 is provided.
- Embodiment 15 of the Invention A hot forming plant as in the embodiment 14, wherein the transfer means 6, 9 is provided with a heating means for heating the steel sheet 2 to be transferred.
- Exemplary embodiment 16 of the invention A hot-forming installation as in one of the embodiments 1 to 15, wherein the pressing installation 10 is provided with hydraulic or mechanical adjusting elements which permit a change in the closing distance between the relatively movable tool halves.
- Embodiment 17 of the Invention A hot forming plant as in the embodiment 16, wherein the hydraulic or mechanical adjusting elements automatically regulate depending on the sheet inlet and / or the sheet thickness be provided with sensors for detecting the sheet metal inlet and / or the sheet thickness.
- Embodiment 18 of the Invention A process for the production of press-hardened shaped components from steel sheet, in which steel sheet 2, 3 is heated at least partially to austenitizing temperature in a furnace 8, then hot-formed by means of a press plant 10 and cooled by means of a cooling device, wherein the steel sheet 2 before Heating in the oven 8 by means of a heating device 7 is at least partially heated to a temperature below the Austenitmaschinestemperatur, preferably at a temperature in the range of 500 to 700 ° C, and wherein the cooling of the hot-formed steel sheet is carried out in several stages, wherein in the Oven 8 heated sheet steel is thermoformed in a first part 10.1 of the pressing plant and cooled and then further cooled in a subsequent part 10.2 of the press plant 10, and wherein the hot-formed steel sheet in the subsequent part of the pressing plant further transforms is cut and / or punched.
- Exemplary embodiment 19 of the invention A method as in exemplary embodiment 18, wherein the steel sheet 2 is arranged and / or clamped in the heating device 7 between heating plates 7.1, 7.2.
- Embodiment 20 of the Invention A method as in embodiment 18 or 19, wherein the steel sheet 2 in the heating device 7 partially or in partial surface areas 2.1, 2.2 is heated to different degrees.
- Exemplary embodiment 21 of the invention A method as in one of the exemplary embodiments 18 to 20, wherein the steel sheet is fed as a cut-to-size board 2 to the heating device 7, and wherein the board 2 is at least in a partial area 2.1, in which subsequently a trimming and / or a perforation is performed, is not heated directly and / or tempered so that this at least one portion 2.1 is not transferred in the subsequent heating in the oven 8 in the Austenitmaschinesflower.
- Embodiment 22 of the Invention A method as in any one of Embodiments 18 to 21, wherein the steel sheet in the heating device 7 is heated so that from a temperature of 500 ° C, a heating rate of 12 K / s is not exceeded.
- Embodiment 23 of the Invention A method as in any one of Embodiments 18 to 22, wherein manganese-boron steel sheet, which has been previously diffused, is used to produce the press-hardened mold members 2 '.
- Embodiment 24 of the Invention A method as in any one of Embodiments 18 to 23, wherein the steel sheet heated in the furnace 8 is cooled to a temperature in the range of 700 to 500 ° C during hot working in the first part 10.1 of the press plant 10.
- Exemplary embodiment 25 of the invention A method as in one of the embodiments 18 to 24, wherein the hot-formed steel sheet in the following part 10.2 the pressing system 10 is cooled to a temperature in the range of 300 to 200 ° C.
- Embodiment 26 of the Invention A method as in one of the embodiments 18 to 25, wherein portions 2.1, 2.2 of the steel sheet in the first part 10.1 of the pressing system 10 and / or in the subsequent part 10.2 of the pressing system 10 are cooled at different speeds, at least one Part 2.1, in which subsequently a trimming and / or perforation is carried out, is cooled at a lower cooling rate than a partial area 2.2, in which subsequently neither a trimming nor a perforation is carried out.
- Embodiment 27 of the Invention A method as in Embodiment 26, wherein the portion 2.1, in which a trimming and / or punching is subsequently performed, is cooled at a cooling rate below 27 K / s.
- Embodiment 28 of the Invention A method as in one of the embodiments 18 to 27, wherein the steel sheet in the first part 10.1 of the pressing system 10 is formed to a greater extent than in the subsequent part 10.2 of the pressing plant.
- Exemplary embodiment 29 of the invention A method as in one of the exemplary embodiments 18 to 28, wherein the hot-formed steel sheet is calibrated in the subsequent part 10. 2 of the press installation 10.
- Exemplary embodiment 30 of the invention A method as in one of the exemplary embodiments 18 to 29, wherein the steel sheet after hot forming is cut and / or punched by means of at least one trimming device 11.1, 11.2.
- Embodiment 31 of the Invention A method as in Embodiment 30, wherein the hot-formed steel sheet is cooled to room temperature after hot working and prior to trimming or punching in a water, oil or emulsion bath 12.
- Embodiment 32 of the Invention A method as in any one of Embodiments 18 to 31, wherein the steel sheet is cut as a blank 2 from the heating device 7 to the furnace 8 and / or from the furnace 8 to the press plant 10 and / or from the press plant 10 to a downstream trimming device 11.1 is transported by means of an automatic transfer device, preferably a robot 6, 9.
- an automatic transfer device preferably a robot 6, 9.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102009014670A DE102009014670B4 (de) | 2009-03-27 | 2009-03-27 | Verfahren und Warmumformanlage zur Herstellung von pressgehärteten Formbauteilen aus Stahlblech |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2233593A2 true EP2233593A2 (fr) | 2010-09-29 |
EP2233593A3 EP2233593A3 (fr) | 2011-04-06 |
EP2233593B1 EP2233593B1 (fr) | 2013-02-20 |
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EP10157673A Active EP2233593B1 (fr) | 2009-03-27 | 2010-03-25 | Procédé et station de déformage à chaud pour la fabrication de composants de formage en tôle d'acier durcis par presse |
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DE (1) | DE102009014670B4 (fr) |
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DE102020205397A1 (de) | 2020-04-29 | 2021-11-04 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines warmumgeformten und pressgehärteten Stahlblechbauteils |
CN111872220A (zh) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-11-03 | 崔小菲 | 一种冲压模具的冷却装置及冲压模具 |
CN111774465A (zh) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-10-16 | 烟台南山学院 | 一种电加热式铝合金板材冲压装置 |
CN112553442A (zh) * | 2020-12-12 | 2021-03-26 | 安徽凯瑞汽配制造有限公司 | 一种螺栓加工用退火装置 |
DE102021110702A1 (de) | 2021-04-27 | 2022-10-27 | Voestalpine Metal Forming Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen gehärteter Stahlbauteile mit unterschiedlich duktilen Bereichen |
CN114029411A (zh) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-02-11 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | 一种多工位热成形系统及方法 |
CN114029411B (zh) * | 2021-10-19 | 2024-04-05 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | 一种多工位热成形系统及方法 |
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DE102009014670B4 (de) | 2011-01-13 |
DE102009014670A1 (de) | 2010-09-30 |
EP2233593B1 (fr) | 2013-02-20 |
EP2233593A3 (fr) | 2011-04-06 |
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