EP2225426B1 - System for insulating buildings from the outside - Google Patents

System for insulating buildings from the outside Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2225426B1
EP2225426B1 EP08856571.8A EP08856571A EP2225426B1 EP 2225426 B1 EP2225426 B1 EP 2225426B1 EP 08856571 A EP08856571 A EP 08856571A EP 2225426 B1 EP2225426 B1 EP 2225426B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
cladding
insulating system
sheets
brackets
insulation
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EP08856571.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2225426A2 (en
EP2225426B2 (en
Inventor
Kuba Blazewicz
Patrik Andersson
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Saint Gobain Isover SA France
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Saint Gobain Isover SA France
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
    • E04F13/141—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of concrete

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system of external insulation of buildings, preferably non-industrial masonry wall, or brick, or solid or light concrete.
  • the insulation consists of rigid panels of mineral wool, usually rock wool, or organic foam, usually expanded polystyrene.
  • These panels are glued to the outer wall of the building to be insulated, and generally receive point mechanical retention elements of the type expansive peg especially for the high walls.
  • the insulating panels are then covered with an organic or mineral finish coating, usually with the interposition of a reinforcing interlayer such as a glass or plastic grid.
  • the panels must be rigid because they are the ones that bring the mechanical properties of the facade cladding.
  • An acceptable resistance to the pressure / vacuum forces due to the wind is obtained thanks to the bonding and the mechanical retaining means.
  • the surface remains however subject to deterioration by depression or punching during an impact with a foreign body on the thin layer of surface coating.
  • Organic foam panels also have the disadvantage of being impervious to water vapor and therefore do not allow the diffusion of water vapor through the wall.
  • bonding is disadvantageous in renovation because it requires a wall with flatness defects of less than a few millimeters per meter.
  • a preliminary repair is necessary, which is costly in time and materials.
  • the glue can have a negative influence on the moisture exchange.
  • the insulation is contained between frame elements fixed on the wall to be insulated, which may be wood or metal, and a outer facing is attached via a supporting structure defining at the rear of the facing a space enclosing an air gap connected to the outside.
  • This system is commonly called "ventilated facade”.
  • This construction avoids the risk of condensation and moisture accumulation in the facade, and thus the proliferation of microorganisms, algae or fungi.
  • the wood frame is particularly concerned, because the wood is likely to deteriorate under the effect of moisture.
  • the main purpose of the invention is the provision of an external breathable insulation system, that is to say, compatible with the natural tendency of the masonry walls to absorb and releasing moisture according to the seasons. , and whose implementation is simplified compared to conventional ventilated facades.
  • water vapor permeance represents the amount of water vapor passing through the material thickness per unit area, time and pressure.
  • the permeance can be measured according to ASTM E 96, and expressed in "Perm" unit, defined as 5.7 ⁇ 10 -8 g.Pa -1. s -1 .m -2 .
  • Resistance to water vapor diffusion is defined as the inverse of permeance.
  • the permeability which corresponds to the product of permeance by the thickness of the material considered, is itself an intrinsic characteristic of said material.
  • the resistance to the diffusion of the water vapor of a material is also very often related to the resistance to the diffusion of the water vapor of a layer of air.
  • the diffusion resistance index of the water vapor is defined as the ratio between the permeability of the air and the permeability of the material in question. It is then customary to express diffusion resistance by multiplying this index by the thickness of the material considered, which is equivalent to dividing the permeability of the air to the water vapor by the permeance of the material considered. .
  • the result expressed in meters and called “equivalent air thickness" (S d ), thus corresponds to the thickness of air having the same permeance to water vapor as the material thickness considered.
  • the originality of the system according to the invention lies in the fact that the facing plates are considered as active elements in the mechanism of diffusion of water vapor, whereas this function was heretofore carried out by an air knife inserted in the system.
  • the inventors have considered the breathability vis-à-vis the water vapor facing plates and layers covering them as essential. Thanks to the characteristics of the insulation system of the invention, the exchange of water vapor through the insulated wall of the building is possible following the alternation of cold periods (condensation of moisture) and hot (evaporation). Thus in the system of the invention, water vapor is likely to penetrate the insulation during cold seasons, then to be released during the hot seasons.
  • the facing plates are preferably mineral material plates resistant to humidity or adapted to use in damp rooms, particularly meeting the H1 classification. They may in particular be based on a hydraulic setting binder such as plaster in the form of a plate and / or in form supported on a ribbed expanded metal reinforcement or a metal mesh or other covered in both cases with a thick mortar. This may consist for example of cement, be breathable by the fact that its porosity is high. Plasterboard or thick mortar may optionally include fillers and reinforcements including synthetic material in the form of beads (polystyrene or expanded clay), fibers ]. Some plasterboard in particular, are remarkable for several reasons. They are breathable vis-à-vis water vapor. In addition, these plates improve the fire resistance of the system (in addition to mineral wool), and sound insulation by the principle of "mass-spring-mass", here represented by "plate-mineral wool-wall”.
  • a hydraulic setting binder such as plaster in the form of a plate and / or in form supported on a ribbed expanded metal reinforcement or
  • the plasterboards have a plaster core resistant to moisture and a surface reinforced by a glass mat covered with a polymer coating of acrylic type.
  • Such plates are described in the documents US 6,524,679 , WO 2007 004 066 and WO 02 098 646 .
  • the resistance to the diffusion of water vapor from a gypsum board 12.5 mm thick corresponds to an equivalent air thickness S d not exceeding 0.10 m, or even 0.08 m.
  • the plasterboard is also available in dimensions of 1200 x 1200 x 12.5 mm in particular, advantageous for transport.
  • Examples of products that can be used according to the invention are plasterboard marketed by CertainTeed under the trademark GlasRoc.
  • the facing In the absence of an air gap interposed between the insulation and the facing, the facing, that is to say either the gypsum board is the thick mortar covering the expanded metal ribbed or metal mesh, and the other components of the insulation system covering the facing (including base coat, finishing coat) must be breathable.
  • the insulation may or may not be directly covered with a rain barrier preventing liquid water to pass, but allowing water vapor to pass.
  • the rain cover therefore consists of a breathable film, an example of which is marketed by Du Pont de Nemours under the registered trademark Tyvek.
  • Said constituents of said insulation system covering the facing plates preferably consist of a base coating, a fabric or grid sheet and a coating, and are in bonding relationship with each other as well as with the coating plates. facing.
  • the base coating is preferably cementless, especially organic - that is to say completely organic - to prevent the formation of ettringite.
  • the fabric web or grid advantageously comprises alkali-resistant glass fibers. It has a function of reinforcing and supporting the coating, so that it no longer shows the lines of separation between neighboring facing plates.
  • the coating is advantageously chosen from a silicate and / or silicone coating. It provides a combination of high performance in water vapor diffusion (breathability), impact resistance, flexibility (risk of cracking), resistance to water (rainwater), ultraviolet radiation, algae , dust, industrial pollution (fumes, acid rain), fire (non-flammability).
  • the insulation is preferably a mineral wool, especially glass wool, having a density of between 7 and 100 kg / m 3 , and particularly preferably at most equal to 50 kg / m 3 , in particular between 7 and 50 kg / m 3 or 7 and 40 kg / m 3 , for example of the order of 10 to 30 kg / m 3 .
  • the insulator has a thermal conductivity ( ⁇ ) of the order of 30 to 40 mW / m.K, preferably 30 to 35 mW / m.K.
  • mineral wool is a light product, compressible and especially transportable in compact form (rollers ).
  • This insulation is not rigid, but rather compressible, which allows the easy positioning of wires, ducts, cables, pipes or pipes in the insulation, and its rapid cutting.
  • sole means capable of ensuring for decades the support and maintenance of the loads to which the facade is subject.
  • the insulation system of the invention is lightweight, and perfectly compatible with significant heights of facades.
  • Profiles whose function is to guarantee the maintenance, the fixation, the rigidity and a high quality mechanical strength, may be metallic, provided that they have a minimum resistance to corrosion in the exterior (aluminum or Z275 steel), of polymer material possibly reinforced, or the like.
  • the profiles are fixed directly to the first consoles.
  • the insulation rests on these, and is confined in the space delimited by the wall to be insulated, the first consoles and the profiles.
  • said profiles are fixed to said first consoles via as many seconds consoles.
  • said first consoles are advantageously made of reinforced plastic with low combustibility, and in particular obtained by extrusion or pultrusion processes.
  • Very many polymers or copolymers are suitable, for example based on isophthalic resin, polyester, polyamide, polypropylene or other polyolefins, acrylic polymers ...
  • the reinforcement is advantageously carried out by glass fibers.
  • the plastic material has an interesting property of thermal insulation, as thermal breaker which would be established with other materials, especially metal, between the wall to be insulated and the new facade formed by the profiles and plates.
  • the thermal and acoustic insulation of an unillustrated outer wall essentially comprises a glass wool mat (1) and plasterboard (2).
  • the glass wool (1) has a density of 23.5 kg / m 3 and a thermal conductivity ⁇ of 33 mW / mK
  • the mattress is available in rolls of 1200 mm in length (width of a lé). Once unrolled and decompressed the mattress exists in several thicknesses, including 50, 80, 100, 120 and 150 mm.
  • the facing plates (2) are lightweight plates that are permeable to water vapor, essentially based on mineral material including gypsum.
  • the company's GlasRoc mineral facing plates (2) are used CertainTeed, of dimensions 1200 x 1200 x 12.5 mm; their mass per unit area is 9 kg / m 2 ; it is significantly lighter than a cement slab with a surface density of about 13 to 14 kg / m 2 . They preferably have a water-resistant core, covered on each side with reinforcements of glass mats embedded in a layer of polymer-modified plaster, itself each time coated with adhesion of an acrylic coating. Plasterboard plates known for this purpose are described in patents US 6,524,679 and WO 2007 004066 .
  • the plates (2) are screwed to the metal sections (5) by means of galvanized metal screws (not shown).
  • the mineral facing plates (2) are covered with a thickness of 5 mm of organic coating (base coat) marketed by the company Weber and Broutin under the name "Webertherm Arm istsspachtel, zementok, Art. No. M708 ") in which is embedded a fiberglass reinforcing fabric, then a thickness of 2 mm silicate finish coating.
  • base coat organic coating
  • the joints between the plates are reinforced by mortar in the space between plates and reinforcement grid about 10 cm.
  • first brackets (3) first brackets (3)
  • second brackets (4) second brackets (4)
  • metal sections (5) metal sections (5).
  • first and second consoles (3, 4) are arranged every 1.20 m, as well according to the height as to the width.
  • the first bracket (3) is fixed to the wall by means of several screws (7) or equivalent (only one of which is shown), which can themselves be associated with pins introduced into the wall to be insulated.
  • a third planar portion (33) connects the first (31) and the second (32) of the first bracket (3), which it cuts along two parallel straight line segments.
  • This third plane portion (33) mechanically reinforces the first bracket (3), especially vis-à-vis the vertical loads to which it is subjected for several years, even several decades.
  • fixing the first flat portion (41) of the second bracket (4) to the first bracket (3) is made by means of at least one screw (7).
  • the first console (3) is isophthalic resin reinforced with glass fibers and pultruded. It is essentially a low combustibility material (fire reaction A1).
  • the thicknesses of the different flat portions (31, 32, 33) of the first bracket (3) are between 5 and 9 mm.
  • the second bracket (4) is made of galvanized metal 1.5 mm thick. In addition to the first substantially planar portion (41), it includes a second (42) and a third (43), all three being perpendicular two by two.
  • the third flat portion (43) connects the first planar portion (41) and the second (42), so that the structure of the second bracket (4) is reinforced.
  • the first flat portion (41) of the second bracket (4) is split into a slot (44) for receiving at least an end portion (51) of the metal section (5).
  • the third flat portion (43) is split into a slot (45) adapted to receive at least an end portion of another metal section (6) perpendicular to the metal section (5).
  • the shape of the slots (44), (45) is adapted to that of the profiles (5), (6), so that in particular the introduction of the second in the first is done with a certain tightening. Thus, their degree of depression can be regulated, if necessary.
  • the fastener itself is made by means of a screwing, for example in the second flat portion (42) of the second bracket (4) by means of screws (7).
  • the metal profile (5) is in T.
  • the foot (51) of the T is intended to be in registration, overlapping with the first flat part (41) of the second bracket (4) (in this case, introduction into the slot (44)).
  • the head portion (52) of the T constitutes the flat bearing surface of the facing plates (2). It has return wings (53) towards the part foot (51) of the T, intended to be introduced into grooves (46) corresponding in the second flat portion (42) of the second bracket (4), so as to lock the metal section (5).
  • Grooves (11) are formed in the glass wool to prevent its compression - deformation by the protuberance of the second flat portion (42) corresponding to the back of the groove (46).
  • the metal profile (5) and / or the other metal section (6) can also be in L, while retaining most of the features of the T-sections described above.
  • a metal L-shaped profile is practical to delimit all openings: door, bay, window ...
  • the wall attachment system described is reliable without the need for bonding the elements of the insulation, but instead avoiding the use of components that block the passage of moisture.
  • the insulation system described is light, easy to mount and fast, and has a satisfactory behavior in the accelerated aging conditions described in ETAG 004: no change in appearance or structural is observed after the cycles heat / rain and freeze / thaw. Satisfactory mechanical strength is maintained after these stresses. Its resistance to perforation and impact is also excellent.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
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  • Building Environments (AREA)

Description

La présente invention a trait à un système d'isolation par l'extérieur de bâtiments, de préférence non industriels à paroi maçonnée, ou de briques, ou de béton massif ou léger.The present invention relates to a system of external insulation of buildings, preferably non-industrial masonry wall, or brick, or solid or light concrete.

Il s'agit d'isoler thermiquement et/ou acoustiquement des façades de bâtiments pouvant comporter plusieurs étages.This is to thermally and / or acoustically isolate the facades of buildings that may comprise several floors.

Dans un premier système connu, l'isolation est constituée de panneaux rigides de laine minérale, généralement laine de roche, ou de mousse organique, généralement du polystyrène expansé.In a first known system, the insulation consists of rigid panels of mineral wool, usually rock wool, or organic foam, usually expanded polystyrene.

Ces panneaux sont collés sur la paroi extérieure du bâtiment à isoler, et reçoivent généralement des éléments de retenue mécanique ponctuelle du type cheville expansive tout spécialement pour les parois de grande hauteur.These panels are glued to the outer wall of the building to be insulated, and generally receive point mechanical retention elements of the type expansive peg especially for the high walls.

Les panneaux isolants sont ensuite recouverts d'un enduit de finition organique ou minéral, le plus souvent avec interposition d'un intercalaire de renforcement tel qu'une grille de verre ou de plastique.The insulating panels are then covered with an organic or mineral finish coating, usually with the interposition of a reinforcing interlayer such as a glass or plastic grid.

Dans ce système, les panneaux doivent être rigides car ce sont eux qui apportent les propriétés mécaniques du revêtement de façade. Une résistance acceptable aux forces de pression/dépression dues au vent est obtenue grâce au collage et aux moyens de retenue mécanique. La surface reste toutefois sujette à des détériorations par enfoncement ou poinçonnement lors d'un choc avec un corps étranger sur la fine couche d'enduit superficielle.In this system, the panels must be rigid because they are the ones that bring the mechanical properties of the facade cladding. An acceptable resistance to the pressure / vacuum forces due to the wind is obtained thanks to the bonding and the mechanical retaining means. The surface remains however subject to deterioration by depression or punching during an impact with a foreign body on the thin layer of surface coating.

Les panneaux de mousse organique présentent en outre l'inconvénient d'être imperméables à la vapeur d'eau et ne permettent donc pas la diffusion de vapeur d'eau à travers la paroi.Organic foam panels also have the disadvantage of being impervious to water vapor and therefore do not allow the diffusion of water vapor through the wall.

De façon générale, la fixation par collage est désavantageuse en rénovation car elle nécessite un mur présentant des défauts de planéité inférieurs à quelques millimètres par mètre. Dans le cas où la surface à isoler est fortement dégradée, une réparation préliminaire est nécessaire, ce qui est coûteux en temps et en matériaux. En outre la colle peut avoir une influence négative sur les échanges d'humidité.In general, bonding is disadvantageous in renovation because it requires a wall with flatness defects of less than a few millimeters per meter. In the case where the surface to be insulated is highly degraded, a preliminary repair is necessary, which is costly in time and materials. In addition, the glue can have a negative influence on the moisture exchange.

Dans un autre système connu, l'isolation est contenue entre des éléments d'ossature fixés sur la paroi à isoler, qui peuvent être en bois ou en métal, et un parement extérieur est rapporté par l'intermédiaire d'une structure porteuse définissant à l'arrière du parement un espace renfermant une lame d'air reliée à l'extérieur. Ce système est communément nommé « façade ventilée ».In another known system, the insulation is contained between frame elements fixed on the wall to be insulated, which may be wood or metal, and a outer facing is attached via a supporting structure defining at the rear of the facing a space enclosing an air gap connected to the outside. This system is commonly called "ventilated facade".

Cette construction évite les risques de condensation et d'accumulation d'humidité dans la façade, et ainsi la prolifération de micro-organismes, algues ou champignons. L'ossature bois est particulièrement concernée, car le bois risque de se dégrader sous l'effet de l'humidité.This construction avoids the risk of condensation and moisture accumulation in the facade, and thus the proliferation of microorganisms, algae or fungi. The wood frame is particularly concerned, because the wood is likely to deteriorate under the effect of moisture.

L'inconvénient des façades ventilées réside dans leur complexité de mise en oeuvre, en particulier au niveau des points singuliers de la façade (portes, fenêtres ...). De plus, en cas d'incendie, la ventilation de la façade favorise la propagation du feu dans les étages supérieurs (« effet cheminée »).The disadvantage of ventilated facades lies in their complexity of implementation, especially at the singular points of the facade (doors, windows ...). In addition, in case of fire, the ventilation of the facade favors the spread of fire on the upper floors ("chimney effect").

Le document FR 2 852 989 A1 divulgue les caractéristiques du préambule de la revendication 1.The document FR 2 852 989 A1 discloses the features of the preamble of claim 1.

L'invention a principalement pour but la mise à disposition d'un système d'isolation par l'extérieur respirable, c'est-à-dire compatible avec la tendance naturelle des parois maçonnées à absorber et relarguer de l'humidité suivant les saisons, et dont la mise en oeuvre est simplifiée par rapport aux façades ventilées conventionnelles.The main purpose of the invention is the provision of an external breathable insulation system, that is to say, compatible with the natural tendency of the masonry walls to absorb and releasing moisture according to the seasons. , and whose implementation is simplified compared to conventional ventilated facades.

Elle a aussi pour but l'élaboration d'un système d'isolation par l'extérieur compact et léger, ce qui facilite à la fois sa fixation à la paroi et le transport, l'isolant pouvant être sous une forme compacte telle qu'en rouleaux.It also aims to develop a compact and lightweight external insulation system, which facilitates both its attachment to the wall and transport, the insulation can be in a compact form such as in rolls.

Elle vise également à fournir un système qui peut être plus résistant au feu, par l'utilisation de laine minérale dans une configuration qui se dispense de lame d'air. L'absence de lame d'air limite la propagation du feu en cas d'incendie sur la façade.It also aims to provide a system that can be more fire resistant, by the use of mineral wool in a configuration that dispenses with air gap. The lack of air space limits the spread of fire in case of fire on the facade.

Ces buts sont atteints par l'invention qui a pour objet un système d'isolation de bâtiments par l'extérieur comprenant
les caractéristiques de la revendication 1.These objects are achieved by the invention which relates to a building insulation system from the outside comprising
the features of claim 1.

La capacité d'un matériau à résister à la diffusion de la vapeur d'eau peut être caractérisée par divers facteurs. Sa perméance à la vapeur d'eau représente la quantité de vapeur d'eau traversant l'épaisseur de matériau par unité de surface, de temps et de pression. La perméance peut être mesurée selon la norme ASTM E 96, et exprimée en unité « Perm », définie comme valant 5,7.10-8 g.Pa-1.s-1.m-2. La résistance à la diffusion de la vapeur d'eau est définie comme étant l'inverse de la perméance. La perméabilité, qui correspond au produit de la perméance par l'épaisseur du matériau considéré, est quant à elle une caractéristique intrinsèque dudit matériau. La résistance à la diffusion de la vapeur d'eau d'un matériau est également très souvent rapportée à la résistance à la diffusion de la vapeur d'eau d'une couche d'air. On définit l'indice de résistance à la diffusion de la vapeur d'eau comme le rapport entre la perméabilité de l'air et la perméabilité du matériau considéré. Il est alors d'usage courant d'exprimer la résistance à la diffusion en multipliant cet indice par l'épaisseur du matériau considéré, ce qui équivaut à diviser la perméabilité de l'air à la vapeur d'eau par la perméance du matériau considéré. Le résultat, exprimé en mètres et appelé « épaisseur d'air équivalente » (Sd), correspond ainsi à l'épaisseur d'air possédant la même perméance à la vapeur d'eau que l'épaisseur de matériau considérée.The ability of a material to resist the diffusion of water vapor can be characterized by various factors. Its water vapor permeance represents the amount of water vapor passing through the material thickness per unit area, time and pressure. The permeance can be measured according to ASTM E 96, and expressed in "Perm" unit, defined as 5.7 × 10 -8 g.Pa -1. s -1 .m -2 . Resistance to water vapor diffusion is defined as the inverse of permeance. The permeability, which corresponds to the product of permeance by the thickness of the material considered, is itself an intrinsic characteristic of said material. The resistance to the diffusion of the water vapor of a material is also very often related to the resistance to the diffusion of the water vapor of a layer of air. The diffusion resistance index of the water vapor is defined as the ratio between the permeability of the air and the permeability of the material in question. It is then customary to express diffusion resistance by multiplying this index by the thickness of the material considered, which is equivalent to dividing the permeability of the air to the water vapor by the permeance of the material considered. . The result, expressed in meters and called "equivalent air thickness" (S d ), thus corresponds to the thickness of air having the same permeance to water vapor as the material thickness considered.

L'originalité du système selon l'invention réside dans le fait que les plaques de parement sont considérées comme des éléments actifs dans le mécanisme de diffusion de vapeur d'eau, alors que cette fonction était jusqu'ici réalisée par une lame d'air intercalée dans le système. A cet égard, les inventeurs ont considéré la respirabilité vis-à-vis de la vapeur d'eau des plaques de parement et des couches les recouvrant comme essentielle. Grâce aux caractéristiques du système d'isolation de l'invention, l'échange de vapeur d'eau à travers la paroi isolée du bâtiment est possible suivant l'alternance de périodes froides (condensation d'humidité) et chaudes (évaporation). Ainsi dans le système de l'invention, de la vapeur d'eau est susceptible de pénétrer dans l'isolant pendant les saisons froides, puis d'en être relarguée pendant les saisons chaudes.The originality of the system according to the invention lies in the fact that the facing plates are considered as active elements in the mechanism of diffusion of water vapor, whereas this function was heretofore carried out by an air knife inserted in the system. In this regard, the inventors have considered the breathability vis-à-vis the water vapor facing plates and layers covering them as essential. Thanks to the characteristics of the insulation system of the invention, the exchange of water vapor through the insulated wall of the building is possible following the alternation of cold periods (condensation of moisture) and hot (evaporation). Thus in the system of the invention, water vapor is likely to penetrate the insulation during cold seasons, then to be released during the hot seasons.

En combinaison avec un choix judicieux de l'isolant, cette respirabilité permet de se passer d'une lame d'air. On diminue l'encombrement et le poids du système d'isolation, tout en évitant la formation de microorganismes, algues, champignons, moisissures ...La pose du système d'isolation est plus simple et plus rapide.In combination with a judicious choice of insulation, this breathability makes it possible to dispense with an air gap. We reduce the size and weight of the insulation system, while avoiding the formation of microorganisms, algae, fungi, molds ... The installation of the insulation system is simpler and faster.

Les plaques de parement sont de préférence des plaques de matériau minéral résistantes à l'humidité ou adaptées à l'usage en locaux humides, particulièrement répondant au classement H1. Elles peuvent notamment être à base d'un liant à prise hydraulique tel que plâtre sous forme de plaque et/ou sous forme supportée sur une armature de métal déployé nervuré ou d'un grillage en métal ou autre recouverte dans les deux cas d'un mortier épais. Celui-ci peut être constitué par exemple de ciment, être respirant par le fait que sa porosité est élevée. Les plaques de plâtre ou le mortier épais peuvent comprendre éventuellement des charges et renforts notamment en matière synthétique sous forme de billes (polystyrène ou argile expansée), fibres ..... Certaines plaques de plâtre notamment, sont remarquables à plusieurs titres. Elles sont respirantes vis-à-vis de la vapeur d'eau. De plus, ces plaques améliorent la résistance au feu du système (en plus de la laine minérale), et l'isolation acoustique par le principe du « masse-ressort-masse », ici représenté par « plaque-laine minérale-mur ».The facing plates are preferably mineral material plates resistant to humidity or adapted to use in damp rooms, particularly meeting the H1 classification. They may in particular be based on a hydraulic setting binder such as plaster in the form of a plate and / or in form supported on a ribbed expanded metal reinforcement or a metal mesh or other covered in both cases with a thick mortar. This may consist for example of cement, be breathable by the fact that its porosity is high. Plasterboard or thick mortar may optionally include fillers and reinforcements including synthetic material in the form of beads (polystyrene or expanded clay), fibers ..... Some plasterboard in particular, are remarkable for several reasons. They are breathable vis-à-vis water vapor. In addition, these plates improve the fire resistance of the system (in addition to mineral wool), and sound insulation by the principle of "mass-spring-mass", here represented by "plate-mineral wool-wall".

Des fractions de leur épaisseur peuvent être modifiées pour accroître leur résistance à l'eau, modifiées au polymère, renforcées mécaniquement en y noyant des mats de verre par exemple. Dans une réalisation avantageuse, les plaques de plâtre possèdent un noyau de plâtre résistant à l'humidité et une surface renforcée par un mat de verre recouverte d'un revêtement polymère de type acrylique. De telles plaques sont décrites dans les documents US 6 524 679 , WO 2007 004 066 et WO 02 098 646 .Fractions of their thickness can be modified to increase their resistance to water, modified with the polymer, reinforced mechanically by embedding glass mats for example. In an advantageous embodiment, the plasterboards have a plaster core resistant to moisture and a surface reinforced by a glass mat covered with a polymer coating of acrylic type. Such plates are described in the documents US 6,524,679 , WO 2007 004 066 and WO 02 098 646 .

Ainsi, la résistance à la diffusion de la vapeur d'eau d'une plaque de plâtre de 12,5 mm d'épaisseur correspond à une épaisseur d'air équivalente Sd n'excédant pas 0,10 m, voire 0,08 m.Thus, the resistance to the diffusion of water vapor from a gypsum board 12.5 mm thick corresponds to an equivalent air thickness S d not exceeding 0.10 m, or even 0.08 m.

Les plaques de plâtre sont d'autre part disponibles en dimensions de 1200 x 1200 x 12,5 mm notamment, avantageuses pour le transport.The plasterboard is also available in dimensions of 1200 x 1200 x 12.5 mm in particular, advantageous for transport.

Des exemples de produits utilisables selon l'invention sont des plaques de plâtre commercialisées par la société CertainTeed sous la marque enregistrée GlasRoc.Examples of products that can be used according to the invention are plasterboard marketed by CertainTeed under the trademark GlasRoc.

En l'absence d'unelame d'air interposée entre l'isolant et le parement, le parement, c'est-à-dire soit les plaques de plâtre soit le mortier épais recouvrant le métal déployé nervuré ou le grillage métal, ainsi que les autres constituants du système d'isolation recouvrant le parement (notamment couche de base, enduit de finition), doivent être respirants.In the absence of an air gap interposed between the insulation and the facing, the facing, that is to say either the gypsum board is the thick mortar covering the expanded metal ribbed or metal mesh, and the other components of the insulation system covering the facing (including base coat, finishing coat) must be breathable.

Dans tous les cas, l'isolant peut être ou non directement recouvert d'un pare-pluie empêchant l'eau liquide de passer, mais laissant passer la vapeur d'eau. Le pare-pluie consiste donc en un film respirant dont un exemple est commercialisé par la société Du Pont de Nemours sous la marque enregistrée Tyvek.In all cases, the insulation may or may not be directly covered with a rain barrier preventing liquid water to pass, but allowing water vapor to pass. The rain cover therefore consists of a breathable film, an example of which is marketed by Du Pont de Nemours under the registered trademark Tyvek.

Lesdits constituants dudit système d'isolation recouvrant les plaques de parement consistent de préférence en un revêtement de base, une nappe en tissu ou grille et un enduit, et sont en relation d'adhésion les uns avec les autres ainsi qu'avec les plaques de parement.Said constituents of said insulation system covering the facing plates preferably consist of a base coating, a fabric or grid sheet and a coating, and are in bonding relationship with each other as well as with the coating plates. facing.

Quand le parement est en plâtre, le revêtement de base est de préférence sans ciment, notamment organique - c'est-à-dire totalement organique -, afin d'éviter la formation d'ettringite.When the facing is plaster, the base coating is preferably cementless, especially organic - that is to say completely organic - to prevent the formation of ettringite.

La nappe en tissu ou grille comprend avantageusement des fibres de verre alcali-résistantes. Elle a une fonction de renforcement et de support de l'enduit, de telle sorte que celui-ci ne laisse plus apparaître les lignes de séparation entre les plaques de parement voisines.The fabric web or grid advantageously comprises alkali-resistant glass fibers. It has a function of reinforcing and supporting the coating, so that it no longer shows the lines of separation between neighboring facing plates.

L'enduit est avantageusement choisi parmi un enduit au silicate et/ou à la silicone. Celui-ci procure en effet une combinaison de hautes performances en diffusion de vapeur d'eau (respirabilité), résistance au choc, flexibilité (risques de fissures), résistance à l'eau (eau de pluie), au rayonnement ultraviolet, aux algues, à la poussière, à la pollution industrielle (fumées, pluies acides), au feu (ininflammabilité).The coating is advantageously chosen from a silicate and / or silicone coating. It provides a combination of high performance in water vapor diffusion (breathability), impact resistance, flexibility (risk of cracking), resistance to water (rainwater), ultraviolet radiation, algae , dust, industrial pollution (fumes, acid rain), fire (non-flammability).

L'isolant consiste de préférence en une laine minérale, notamment en laine de verre, de masse volumique comprise entre 7 et 100 kg/m3, et de manière particulièrement préférée au plus égale à 50 kg/m3, notamment comprise entre 7 et 50 kg/m3 ou 7 et 40 kg/m3, par exemple de l'ordre de 10 à 30 kg/m3.The insulation is preferably a mineral wool, especially glass wool, having a density of between 7 and 100 kg / m 3 , and particularly preferably at most equal to 50 kg / m 3 , in particular between 7 and 50 kg / m 3 or 7 and 40 kg / m 3 , for example of the order of 10 to 30 kg / m 3 .

Avantageusement l'isolant a une conductivité thermique (λ) de l'ordre de 30 à 40 mW/m.K de préférence 30 à 35 mW/m.K.Advantageously, the insulator has a thermal conductivity (λ) of the order of 30 to 40 mW / m.K, preferably 30 to 35 mW / m.K.

C'est un produit isolant thermiquement et acoustiquement. Il permet un assèchement de la construction, il est apte à absorber et relarguer de l'humidité dans une certaine mesure, au fil des saisons, sans en être aucunement affecté dans sa nature et son intégrité, ni dans sa fonctionnalité isolante.It is a thermally and acoustically insulating product. It allows drying of the construction, it is able to absorb and releasing moisture to a certain extent, with the seasons, without being affected in any way in its nature and its integrity, nor in its insulating functionality.

Il ne fait donc pas barrière à l'humidité, de sorte qu'aucun microorganisme, algue, champignon - moisissure ne se forme. Aucune lame d'air n'est utile ici, dans le but de créer une circulation d'air et d'humidité.It is therefore not a barrier to moisture, so that no microorganism, algae, fungus - mold is formed. No air space is useful here, in order to create a circulation of air and humidity.

De plus la laine minérale est un produit léger, compressible et notamment transportable sous forme compacte (rouleaux ...). Cet isolant n'est pas rigide, mais au contraire compressible, ce qui permet le positionnement aisé de fils, gaines, câbles, tuyaux ou canalisations dans l'isolation, et sa découpe rapide.In addition mineral wool is a light product, compressible and especially transportable in compact form (rollers ...). This insulation is not rigid, but rather compressible, which allows the easy positioning of wires, ducts, cables, pipes or pipes in the insulation, and its rapid cutting.

L'isolant et le parement sont de préférence supportés et maintenus par l'association

  • d'un ensemble de premières consoles fixées à la paroi à isoler,
  • et de profilés fixés aux premières consoles et présentant une surface plane d'appui des plaques de parement.
The insulation and the facing are preferably supported and maintained by the association
  • a set of first consoles attached to the wall to be insulated,
  • and profiles attached to the first consoles and having a flat bearing surface of the facing plates.

On entend ici par « console » un moyen apte à assurer pendant des dizaines d'années le soutien et le maintien des charges auxquelles la façade est soumise.Here means "console" means capable of ensuring for decades the support and maintenance of the loads to which the facade is subject.

Le système d'isolation de l'invention est léger, et parfaitement compatible avec des hauteurs importantes de façades.The insulation system of the invention is lightweight, and perfectly compatible with significant heights of facades.

Les profilés ayant pour fonction de garantir le maintien, la fixation, la rigidité et une résistance mécanique de haute qualité, peuvent être métalliques, pourvu qu'ils aient une résistance minimale à la corrosion en extérieur (aluminium ou acier Z275), en matériau polymère éventuellement renforcé, ou similaire.Profiles whose function is to guarantee the maintenance, the fixation, the rigidity and a high quality mechanical strength, may be metallic, provided that they have a minimum resistance to corrosion in the exterior (aluminum or Z275 steel), of polymer material possibly reinforced, or the like.

Dans une première variante, les profilés sont fixés directement aux premières consoles. L'isolant repose sur celles-ci, et est confiné dans l'espace délimité par la paroi à isoler, les premières consoles et les profilés.In a first variant, the profiles are fixed directly to the first consoles. The insulation rests on these, and is confined in the space delimited by the wall to be insulated, the first consoles and the profiles.

Dans une deuxième variante, lesdits profilés sont fixés auxdites premières consoles par l'intermédiaire d'autant de secondes consoles.In a second variant, said profiles are fixed to said first consoles via as many seconds consoles.

Selon une caractéristique préférée, lesdits profilés sont en T ou en L dont

  • la partie de pied est destinée à être mise en coïncidence avec une partie desdites premières consoles ou secondes consoles, et
  • la partie de tête constitue ladite surface plane d'appui desdites plaques de parement.
According to a preferred characteristic, said profiles are T or L whose
  • the foot part is intended to be in register with a part of said first consoles or second consoles, and
  • the head portion constitutes said flat bearing surface of said facing plates.

D'autre part, lesdites premières consoles sont avantageusement en matière plastique renforcée à faible combustibilité, et notamment obtenues par des procédés d'extrusion ou pultrusion. De très nombreux polymères ou copolymères conviennent, par exemple à base de résine isophtalique, polyester, polyamide, polypropylène ou autres polyoléfines, polymères acryliques ...On the other hand, said first consoles are advantageously made of reinforced plastic with low combustibility, and in particular obtained by extrusion or pultrusion processes. Very many polymers or copolymers are suitable, for example based on isophthalic resin, polyester, polyamide, polypropylene or other polyolefins, acrylic polymers ...

Le renforcement est avantageusement réalisé par des fibres de verre.The reinforcement is advantageously carried out by glass fibers.

La matière plastique présente une propriété intéressante d'isolation thermique, en tant que rupteur du pont thermique qui s'établirait avec d'autres matériaux, notamment métalliques, entre le mur à isoler et la nouvelle façade constituée par les profilés et les plaques.The plastic material has an interesting property of thermal insulation, as thermal breaker which would be established with other materials, especially metal, between the wall to be insulated and the new facade formed by the profiles and plates.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lumière des dessins annexés dans lesquels

  • la Figure 1 est une représentation générale en perspective du système d'isolation de l'invention vu « de l'intérieur », c'est-à-dire de la paroi à isoler ;
  • les Figures 2 et 3 sont des vues détaillées en perspective des éléments servant au support, au maintien et à la fixation de la laine minérale et des plaques de parement,
    • ces éléments étant en position de montage dans la Figure 2,
    • séparés en vue éclatée dans la Figure 3.
The invention will be better understood in the light of the accompanying drawings in which
  • the Figure 1 is a general perspective representation of the insulation system of the invention seen from "inside", that is to say from the wall to be isolated;
  • the Figures 2 and 3 are detailed perspective views of the elements used to support, hold and fasten mineral wool and facing plates,
    • these elements being in mounting position in the Figure 2 ,
    • separated in exploded view in the Figure 3 .

L'isolation thermique et acoustique d'un mur extérieur non représenté comprend essentiellement un matelas de laine de verre (1) et des plaques de plâtre (2). La laine de verre (1) a une masse volumique de 23,5 kg/m3 et une conductivité thermique λ de 33 mW/m.K. Le matelas est disponible en rouleaux de 1200 mm de longueur (largeur d'un lé). Une fois déroulé et décomprimé le matelas existe en plusieurs épaisseurs, notamment 50, 80, 100, 120 et 150 mm.The thermal and acoustic insulation of an unillustrated outer wall essentially comprises a glass wool mat (1) and plasterboard (2). The glass wool (1) has a density of 23.5 kg / m 3 and a thermal conductivity λ of 33 mW / mK The mattress is available in rolls of 1200 mm in length (width of a lé). Once unrolled and decompressed the mattress exists in several thicknesses, including 50, 80, 100, 120 and 150 mm.

Les plaques de parement (2) sont des plaques légères perméables à la vapeur d'eau, essentiellement à base de matériau minéral incluant du gypse. On emploie des plaques de parement minéral (2) du type GlasRoc de la société CertainTeed, de dimensions 1200 x 1200 x 12,5 mm ; leur masse surfacique est de 9 kg/m2 ; c'est significativement plus léger qu'une plaque de ciment dont la masse surfacique est d'environ 13 à 14 kg/m2. Elles présentent de préférence un coeur résistant à l'eau, recouvert de chaque côté de renforcements de mats de verre noyés dans une couche de plâtre modifié au polymère, elle-même chaque fois recouverte avec adhésion d'un revêtement acrylique. Des plaques de parement de plâtre connues à cet effet sont décrites dans les brevets US 6 524 679 et WO 2007 004066 .The facing plates (2) are lightweight plates that are permeable to water vapor, essentially based on mineral material including gypsum. The company's GlasRoc mineral facing plates (2) are used CertainTeed, of dimensions 1200 x 1200 x 12.5 mm; their mass per unit area is 9 kg / m 2 ; it is significantly lighter than a cement slab with a surface density of about 13 to 14 kg / m 2 . They preferably have a water-resistant core, covered on each side with reinforcements of glass mats embedded in a layer of polymer-modified plaster, itself each time coated with adhesion of an acrylic coating. Plasterboard plates known for this purpose are described in patents US 6,524,679 and WO 2007 004066 .

Ces plaques sont faciles à couper et à mettre en oeuvre (entraînant un gain de temps lors de la pose), résistantes au choc, à l'eau tout en étant perméables à la vapeur. Elles supportent bien l'humidité.These plates are easy to cut and use (saving time on installation), shock-resistant, water-resistant and vapor permeable. They support moisture well.

Elles ne contiennent pas de papier, ni d'amidon qui pourrait favoriser le développement de moisissures.They do not contain paper or starch that could promote the development of mold.

Elles ont une bonne résistance au feu, une stabilité dimensionnelle en milieu humide meilleure que les panneaux de ciment, et une résistance en flexion relativement élevée (module de rupture supérieur à 12 MPa). De plus elles ne sont pas friables contrairement à la plupart des panneaux de ciment renforcés de fibres.They have good fire resistance, better wet dimensional stability than cement boards, and relatively high flexural strength (modulus of rupture greater than 12 MPa). In addition they are not friable unlike most fiber reinforced cement boards.

Les plaques (2) sont vissées aux profilés métalliques (5), au moyen de vis de métal galvanisé non représentées.The plates (2) are screwed to the metal sections (5) by means of galvanized metal screws (not shown).

Les plaques de parement minéral (2) sont recouvertes d'une épaisseur de 5 mm d'enduit organique (revêtement de base) commercialisé par la société Weber et Broutin sous la dénomination « Webertherm Armierungsspachtel, zementfrei, Art. Nr M708 ») dans lequel est noyé un tissu de fibres de verre de renforcement, puis d'une épaisseur de 2 mm d'enduit silicate de finition.The mineral facing plates (2) are covered with a thickness of 5 mm of organic coating (base coat) marketed by the company Weber and Broutin under the name "Webertherm Armierungsspachtel, zementfrei, Art. No. M708 ") in which is embedded a fiberglass reinforcing fabric, then a thickness of 2 mm silicate finish coating.

Les joints entre les plaques sont renforcés par du mortier dans l'espace entre plaques et grille de renfort sur environ 10 cm.The joints between the plates are reinforced by mortar in the space between plates and reinforcement grid about 10 cm.

On mesure la résistance à la diffusion de la vapeur d'eau sous la forme de l'épaisseur d'air équivalente Sd (selon norme ASTM E96).

  • pour la plaque de plâtre (2) : 0,07 m ;
  • pour la finition (revêtement de base + tissu de fibres de verre + enduit) : 0,14 m ;
  • pour la plaque de plâtre (2) + la finition : 0,18 m.
The diffusion resistance of the water vapor is measured in the form of the equivalent air thickness S d (according to ASTM standard E96).
  • for plasterboard (2): 0.07 m;
  • for finishing (base coat + fiberglass cloth + plaster): 0.14 m;
  • for plasterboard (2) + finish: 0.18 m.

Ces chiffres indiquent une excellente respirabilité des éléments séparés et combinés. Ils présentent une excellente synergie avec la laine de verre, apte à absorber et relarguer l'humidité selon la fréquence des saisons, sans dommage, durablement.These figures indicate excellent breathability of the separate and combined elements. They have an excellent synergy with glass wool, able to absorb and release moisture according to the frequency of the seasons, without damage, durably.

Dans la réalisation représentée dans les trois figures, le support et le maintien de l'isolation sont principalement assurés par la coopération de trois types d'éléments : des premières consoles (3), des secondes consoles (4) et des profilés métalliques (5).In the embodiment shown in the three figures, the support and the maintenance of the insulation are mainly ensured by the cooperation of three types of elements: first brackets (3), second brackets (4) and metal sections (5). ).

Les associations de première et seconde consoles (3, 4) sont disposées tous les 1,20 m, aussi bien selon la hauteur que selon la largeur.The associations of first and second consoles (3, 4) are arranged every 1.20 m, as well according to the height as to the width.

Chaque première console (3) comprend

  • une première partie sensiblement plane (31) destinée à une mise en appui sur la paroi à isoler, en général verticale, et
  • une seconde partie sensiblement plane (32) perpendiculaire à la première (31) destinée à un positionnement horizontal de manière à soutenir la laine minérale (1) notamment.
Each first console (3) comprises
  • a first substantially planar portion (31) intended to bear on the wall to be insulated, generally vertical, and
  • a substantially flat second portion (32) perpendicular to the first (31) for horizontal positioning so as to support the mineral wool (1) in particular.

La première console (3) est fixée à la paroi au moyen de plusieurs vis (7) ou équivalent (dont une seule est représentée), elles-mêmes pouvant être associées à des chevilles introduites dans la paroi à isoler.The first bracket (3) is fixed to the wall by means of several screws (7) or equivalent (only one of which is shown), which can themselves be associated with pins introduced into the wall to be insulated.

Une troisième partie plane (33) relie la première (31) et la seconde (32) de la première console (3), qu'elle coupe selon deux segments de droites parallèles. Cette troisième partie plane (33) renforce mécaniquement la première console (3), notamment vis-à-vis des charges verticales auxquelles elle est soumise pendant plusieurs années, voire plusieurs décennies.A third planar portion (33) connects the first (31) and the second (32) of the first bracket (3), which it cuts along two parallel straight line segments. This third plane portion (33) mechanically reinforces the first bracket (3), especially vis-à-vis the vertical loads to which it is subjected for several years, even several decades.

La seconde partie plane (32) de la première console (3) est dédoublée de manière à former une fente (34) destinée à recevoir la première partie plane (41) d'une seconde console (4). La forme de la fente (34) est adaptée à celle de la première partie plane (41) de sorte que

  • l'enfoncement de cette dernière y soit réglable,
  • et que cet enfoncement soit effectué avec une certaine résistance le cas échéant, la fente (34) pouvant alors être conformée pour accueillir la première partie plane (41) avec serrage.
The second planar portion (32) of the first bracket (3) is split to form a slot (34) for receiving the first planar portion (41) of a second bracket (4). The shape of the slot (34) is adapted to that of the first planar portion (41) so that
  • the depression of the latter is adjustable,
  • and that this depression is carried out with a certain resistance if necessary, the slot (34) can then be shaped to accommodate the first flat portion (41) with clamping.

Lorsque l'enfoncement est réglé comme souhaité, la fixation de la première partie plane (41) de la seconde console (4) à la première console (3) est faite au moyen d'une vis (7) au moins.When the depression is adjusted as desired, fixing the first flat portion (41) of the second bracket (4) to the first bracket (3) is made by means of at least one screw (7).

La première console (3) est en résine isophtalique renforcée de fibres de verre et pultrudée. C'est essentiellement un matériau à faible combustibilité (réaction au feu A1). Les épaisseurs des différentes parties planes (31, 32, 33) de la première console (3) sont comprises entre 5 et 9 mm.The first console (3) is isophthalic resin reinforced with glass fibers and pultruded. It is essentially a low combustibility material (fire reaction A1). The thicknesses of the different flat portions (31, 32, 33) of the first bracket (3) are between 5 and 9 mm.

La seconde console (4) est en métal galvanisé de 1,5 mm d'épaisseur. Outre la première partie sensiblement plane (41), elle en comprend une seconde (42) et une troisième (43), toutes trois étant perpendiculaires deux à deux.The second bracket (4) is made of galvanized metal 1.5 mm thick. In addition to the first substantially planar portion (41), it includes a second (42) and a third (43), all three being perpendicular two by two.

Il est visible en particulier sur la Figure 3, que l'épaisseur précitée de métal est doublée pour les parties planes (41) et (43), la seconde console (4) étant fabriquée par un procédé de pliage-emboutissage.It is visible especially on the Figure 3 , that the aforementioned thickness of metal is doubled for the planar portions (41) and (43), the second bracket (4) being manufactured by a method of folding-stamping.

La troisième partie plane (43) relie la première partie plane (41) et la seconde (42), de sorte que la structure de la seconde console (4) en est renforcée.The third flat portion (43) connects the first planar portion (41) and the second (42), so that the structure of the second bracket (4) is reinforced.

La première partie plane (41) de la seconde console (4) est dédoublée en formant une fente (44) destinée à recevoir au moins une fraction d'extrémité (51) du profilé métallique (5).The first flat portion (41) of the second bracket (4) is split into a slot (44) for receiving at least an end portion (51) of the metal section (5).

De même, la troisième partie plane (43) est dédoublée en formant une fente (45) apte à recevoir au moins une fraction d'extrémité d'un autre profilé métallique (6) perpendiculaire au profilé métallique (5).Similarly, the third flat portion (43) is split into a slot (45) adapted to receive at least an end portion of another metal section (6) perpendicular to the metal section (5).

La forme des fentes (44), (45) est adaptée à celle des profilés (5), (6), de telle sorte notamment que l'introduction des seconds dans les premières se fasse avec un certain serrage. Ainsi peut-on régler leur degré d'enfoncement, le cas échéant.The shape of the slots (44), (45) is adapted to that of the profiles (5), (6), so that in particular the introduction of the second in the first is done with a certain tightening. Thus, their degree of depression can be regulated, if necessary.

La fixation elle-même est réalisée au moyen d'un vissage, par exemple dans la seconde partie plane (42) de la seconde console (4) au moyen de vis (7).The fastener itself is made by means of a screwing, for example in the second flat portion (42) of the second bracket (4) by means of screws (7).

Le profilé métallique (5) est en T. Le pied (51) du T est destiné à être mis en coïncidence, recouvrement avec la première partie plane (41) de la seconde console (4) (en l'occurrence, introduction dans la fente (44)).The metal profile (5) is in T. The foot (51) of the T is intended to be in registration, overlapping with the first flat part (41) of the second bracket (4) (in this case, introduction into the slot (44)).

La partie de tête (52) du T constitue la surface plane d'appui des plaques de parement (2). Elle comporte des ailes de retour (53) en direction de la partie de pied (51) du T, destinées à s'introduire dans des rainures (46) correspondantes pratiquées dans la seconde partie plane (42) de la seconde console (4), de manière à bloquer le profilé métallique (5).The head portion (52) of the T constitutes the flat bearing surface of the facing plates (2). It has return wings (53) towards the part foot (51) of the T, intended to be introduced into grooves (46) corresponding in the second flat portion (42) of the second bracket (4), so as to lock the metal section (5).

Des rainures (11) sont ménagées dans la laine de verre pour éviter sa compression - déformation par l'excroissance de la seconde partie plane (42) correspondant au dos de la rainure (46).Grooves (11) are formed in the glass wool to prevent its compression - deformation by the protuberance of the second flat portion (42) corresponding to the back of the groove (46).

Le profilé métallique (5) et/ou l'autre profilé métallique (6) peuvent aussi être en L, tout en gardant la plupart des fonctionnalités des profilés en T décrites précédemment. Un profilé métallique en L est pratique pour délimiter toutes ouvertures : porte, baie, fenêtre ...The metal profile (5) and / or the other metal section (6) can also be in L, while retaining most of the features of the T-sections described above. A metal L-shaped profile is practical to delimit all openings: door, bay, window ...

Le système de fixation à la paroi décrit est fiable sans nécessiter de collage des éléments de l'isolation, mais en évitant au contraire d'employer des constituants qui bloquent le passage d'humidité.The wall attachment system described is reliable without the need for bonding the elements of the insulation, but instead avoiding the use of components that block the passage of moisture.

Le système d'isolation décrit est léger, d'un montage aisé et rapide, et a un comportement satisfaisant dans les conditions de vieillissement accéléré décrites dans l'ETAG 004 : aucune modification d'aspect, ni structurale n'est observée après les cycles chaleur/pluie et gel/dégel. Une résistance mécanique satisfaisante est conservée après ces sollicitations. Sa résistance à la perforation et aux impacts est également excellente.The insulation system described is light, easy to mount and fast, and has a satisfactory behavior in the accelerated aging conditions described in ETAG 004: no change in appearance or structural is observed after the cycles heat / rain and freeze / thaw. Satisfactory mechanical strength is maintained after these stresses. Its resistance to perforation and impact is also excellent.

Claims (10)

  1. System for insulating buildings from the outside comprising
    - an insulation (1)
    - covered with sheets of cladding (2),
    characterized in that the resistance of the sheets of cladding (2) and any other parts of the said insulating system that covers them to the diffusion of water vapour corresponds to an equivalent air thickness Sd of at most 0.40 m, preferably 0.30 m and more particularly preferably, 0.20 m.
  2. Insulating system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the sheets of cladding (2) are based on hydraulic setting binder such as plaster and/or on expanded ribbed metal or a lattice of metal covered with a thick mortar.
  3. Insulating system according to Claim 2, characterized in that the sheets of plasterboard (2) have a moisture-resistant plaster core and a surface reinforced by a glass mat covered with a polymer coating of the acrylic type.
  4. Insulating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said other constituent parts of the said insulating system covering the sheets of cladding (2) consist of a basic coating, preferably without cement when the cladding is made of plasterboard, a web of fabric or mesh and a render, and are stuck to one another and to the sheets of cladding (2).
  5. Insulating system according to Claim 4, characterized in that the render is a silicate and/or silicone render.
  6. Insulating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insulation (1) is a mineral wool with a density of 50 kg/m3 at most, preferably ranging between 7 and 40 kg/m3, preferably a glass wool.
  7. Insulating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insulation (1) and the cladding (2) are supported and held by the combination
    - of a set of first brackets (3) fixed to the wall that is to be insulated,
    - and of section pieces (5) fixed to the first brackets (3) and having a flat surface (52) against which the sheets of cladding (2) can bear.
  8. Insulating system according to Claim 7, characterized in that the said section pieces (5) are fixed to the first said brackets (3) by the same number of second brackets (4) .
  9. Insulating system according to one of Claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the said section pieces (5) are T-shaped or L-shaped in which
    - the leg part (51) is intended to be made to coincide with a part of the said first brackets (3) or second brackets (4), and
    - the top part (52) constitutes the said flat surface against which the said sheets of cladding (2) bear.
  10. Insulating system according to one of Claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the said first brackets (3) are made of a reinforced plastic having low combustibility, preferably made of isophthalic resin.
EP08856571.8A 2007-11-28 2008-11-28 System for insulating buildings from the outside Active EP2225426B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0759394A FR2924139B1 (en) 2007-11-28 2007-11-28 OUTDOOR BUILDING INSULATION SYSTEM
PCT/FR2008/052151 WO2009071854A2 (en) 2007-11-28 2008-11-28 System for insulating buildings from the outside

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2225426A2 EP2225426A2 (en) 2010-09-08
EP2225426B1 true EP2225426B1 (en) 2019-08-14
EP2225426B2 EP2225426B2 (en) 2023-08-02

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EP08856571.8A Active EP2225426B2 (en) 2007-11-28 2008-11-28 System for insulating buildings from the outside

Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP2225426B2 (en)
EA (1) EA020778B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2753426T5 (en)
FR (1) FR2924139B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2009071854A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2924139B1 (en) 2007-11-28 2012-08-10 Saint Gobain Isover OUTDOOR BUILDING INSULATION SYSTEM
DE102010043998A1 (en) * 2010-11-16 2012-05-16 Frank Baer Fastening hook for insulation board applied on facade of building for vertical insulation of facade, has facade part and insulation board part detachably connected with each other, where connecting part of facade part is bent from wall part
CN103696516B (en) * 2014-01-14 2015-10-07 石家庄晶达建筑体系有限公司 A kind of cast-in-place compound concrete shear wall of point type drawknot and construction method thereof
DE102015106286A1 (en) * 2015-04-23 2016-10-27 Saint-Gobain Isover G+H Ag System for the internal insulation of buildings, in particular pitched roofs, as well as mounting method for such internal insulation
DE102015106285A1 (en) * 2015-04-23 2016-10-27 Saint-Gobain Isover G+H Ag System for the internal insulation of buildings, in particular pitched roofs, as well as mounting method for such internal insulation
US11840853B1 (en) * 2021-01-29 2023-12-12 Eric Arteaga Bracket for use with cement board siding
EP4174248A1 (en) * 2021-10-26 2023-05-03 Stoyanov, Damian Vassilev Fastening kit for non-invasive fixing of building insulation to a structural component of mechanically fixed cladding, a system including such kit and method for fixing building insulation

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2753426T5 (en) 2024-03-05
EP2225426A2 (en) 2010-09-08
EP2225426B2 (en) 2023-08-02
FR2924139A1 (en) 2009-05-29
ES2753426T3 (en) 2020-04-08
WO2009071854A2 (en) 2009-06-11
WO2009071854A3 (en) 2009-09-17
EA201070648A1 (en) 2011-02-28
EA020778B1 (en) 2015-01-30
FR2924139B1 (en) 2012-08-10

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