EP2225426B2 - System for insulating buildings from the outside - Google Patents

System for insulating buildings from the outside Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2225426B2
EP2225426B2 EP08856571.8A EP08856571A EP2225426B2 EP 2225426 B2 EP2225426 B2 EP 2225426B2 EP 08856571 A EP08856571 A EP 08856571A EP 2225426 B2 EP2225426 B2 EP 2225426B2
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Prior art keywords
cladding
brackets
sheets
insulating system
insulation
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2225426A2 (en
EP2225426B1 (en
Inventor
Kuba Blazewicz
Patrik Andersson
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Saint Gobain Isover SA France
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Saint Gobain Isover SA France
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
    • E04F13/141—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of concrete

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an insulation system from the outside of buildings, preferably non-industrial with masonry walls, or bricks, or solid or lightweight concrete.
  • the aim is to thermally and/or acoustically insulate the facades of buildings that may have several floors.
  • the insulation consists of rigid panels of mineral wool, generally rock wool, or of organic foam, generally expanded polystyrene.
  • These panels are glued to the exterior wall of the building to be insulated, and generally receive point mechanical restraint elements of the expansive plug type, especially for very high walls.
  • the insulating panels are then covered with an organic or mineral finishing coating, most often with the interposition of a reinforcing insert such as a glass or plastic grid.
  • the panels must be rigid because they are the ones that provide the mechanical properties of the facade cladding.
  • An acceptable resistance to the pressure/depression forces due to the wind is obtained thanks to the gluing and the mechanical retaining means.
  • the surface remains subject to damage by depression or punching during impact with a foreign body on the thin layer of surface coating.
  • Organic foam panels also have the disadvantage of being impermeable to water vapor and therefore do not allow the diffusion of water vapor through the wall.
  • the insulation is contained between frame elements fixed to the wall to be insulated, which can be made of wood or metal, and an external facing is attached via a supporting structure defining at the back of the facing a space containing an air gap connected to the outside.
  • This system is commonly called “ventilated facade”.
  • This construction avoids the risk of condensation and accumulation of humidity in the facade, and thus the proliferation of micro-organisms, algae or fungi.
  • the wooden frame is particularly concerned, because the wood risks degrading under the effect of humidity.
  • the main purpose of the invention is to provide a breathable exterior insulation system, that is to say compatible with the natural tendency of masonry walls to absorb and release moisture depending on the season. , and whose implementation is simplified compared to conventional ventilated facades.
  • the absence of an air gap limits the spread of fire in the event of a fire on the facade.
  • water vapor permeance represents the amount of water vapor passing through the thickness of the material per unit area, time and pressure.
  • the permeance can be measured according to the ASTM E 96 standard, and expressed in “Perm” units, defined as equal to 5.7 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 8 g.Pa ⁇ 1. s -1 .m -2 .
  • Resistance to water vapor diffusion is defined as the inverse of permeance.
  • the permeability which corresponds to the product of the permeance by the thickness of the material considered, is itself an intrinsic characteristic of said material.
  • the water vapor diffusion resistance of a material is also very often related to the water vapor diffusion resistance of a layer of air.
  • the water vapor diffusion resistance index is defined as the ratio between the air permeability and the permeability of the material in question. It is then common practice to express the resistance to diffusion by multiplying this index by the thickness of the material considered, which is equivalent to dividing the permeability of air to water vapor by the permeance of the material considered. .
  • the result expressed in meters and called “equivalent air thickness” (S d ), thus corresponds to the thickness of air having the same permeance to water vapor as the thickness of material considered.
  • the originality of the system according to the invention lies in the fact that the facing plates are considered as active elements in the water vapor diffusion mechanism, whereas this function was hitherto performed by an air gap. inserted into the system.
  • the inventors have considered the breathability vis-à-vis the water vapor of the facing panels and the layers covering them as essential. Thanks to the characteristics of the insulation system of the invention, the exchange of water vapor through the insulated wall of the building is possible according to the alternation of cold (condensation of humidity) and hot (evaporation) periods. Thus, in the system of the invention, water vapor is liable to penetrate into the insulation during the cold seasons, then to be released therefrom during the hot seasons.
  • this breathability makes it possible to do without an air gap.
  • the size and weight of the insulation system are reduced, while avoiding the formation of microorganisms, algae, fungi, molds, etc.
  • the installation of the insulation system is simpler and faster.
  • the facing plates are preferably plates of mineral material resistant to humidity or suitable for use in damp rooms, particularly meeting the H1 classification. They may in particular be based on a binder with hydraulic setting such as plaster in the form of a plate and/or in the form supported on a ribbed expanded metal frame or a metal or other mesh covered in both cases with a thick mortar. This can be made for example of cement, be breathable by the fact that its porosity is high.
  • the plasterboards or the thick mortar may optionally include fillers and reinforcements, in particular in synthetic material in the form of beads (polystyrene or expanded clay), fibres, etc. Certain plasterboards in particular are remarkable in several respects. They are breathable vis-à-vis water vapour. In addition, these plates improve the fire resistance of the system (in addition to the mineral wool), and the acoustic insulation by the principle of "mass-spring-mass", here represented by "plate-mineral wool-wall".
  • the plasterboards have a moisture-resistant plaster core and a surface reinforced with a glass mat covered with an acrylic-type polymer coating.
  • Such plates are described in documents US 6,524,679 , WO2007004066 And WO 02098646 .
  • the resistance to water vapor diffusion of a 12.5 mm thick plasterboard corresponds to an equivalent air thickness S d not exceeding 0.10 m, or even 0.08 Mr.
  • the plasterboards are also available in dimensions of 1200 x 1200 x 12.5 mm in particular, advantageous for transport.
  • Examples of products that can be used according to the invention are plasterboards marketed by the company CertainTeed under the registered trademark GlasRoc.
  • the facing i.e. either the plasterboard or the thick mortar covering the ribbed expanded metal or the metal mesh, as well as the other constituents of the insulation system covering the facing (in particular base layer, finishing coat), must be breathable.
  • the insulation may or may not be directly covered with a rain barrier preventing liquid water from passing through, but allowing water vapor to pass through.
  • the rain barrier therefore consists of a breathable film, an example of which is marketed by the company Du Pont de Nemours under the registered trademark Tyvek.
  • Said constituents of said insulation system covering the facing plates preferably consist of a base covering, a sheet of fabric or grid and a coating, and are in an adhesive relationship with each other as well as with the facing.
  • the base coating is preferably without cement, in particular organic - that is to say completely organic -, in order to avoid the formation of ettringite.
  • the web of fabric or grid advantageously comprises alkali-resistant glass fibers. It has a function of reinforcement and support of the coating, so that the latter no longer reveals the lines of separation between the neighboring facing plates.
  • the coating is advantageously chosen from a silicate and/or silicone coating. This provides a combination of high performance in terms of water vapor diffusion (breathability), impact resistance, flexibility (risk of cracking), resistance to water (rainwater), ultraviolet radiation, algae , dust, industrial pollution (smoke, acid rain), fire (non-flammability).
  • the insulation preferably consists of mineral wool, in particular glass wool, with a density of between 7 and 100 kg/m 3 , and particularly preferably at most equal to 50 kg/m 3 , in particular of between 7 and 50 kg/m 3 or 7 and 40 kg/m 3 , for example of the order of 10 to 30 kg/m 3 .
  • the insulation has a thermal conductivity ( ⁇ ) of the order of 30 to 40 mW/m.K, preferably 30 to 35 mW/m.K.
  • mineral wool is a light product, compressible and in particular transportable in compact form (rolls, etc.).
  • This insulation is not rigid, but on the contrary compressible, which allows the easy positioning of wires, sheaths, cables, pipes or pipes in the insulation, and its rapid cutting.
  • the term "console” means a means capable of ensuring for decades the support and maintenance of the loads to which the facade is subjected.
  • the insulation system of the invention is light, and perfectly compatible with significant facade heights.
  • the profiles having the function of guaranteeing the maintenance, the fixing, the rigidity and a mechanical resistance of high quality can be metallic, provided that they have a minimum resistance to corrosion in exterior (aluminum or steel Z275), in polymeric material possibly reinforced, or similar.
  • the profiles are fixed directly to the first brackets.
  • the insulation rests on them, and is confined in the space delimited by the wall to be insulated, the first brackets and the sections.
  • said sections are fixed to said first brackets via as many second brackets.
  • said first brackets are advantageously made of reinforced plastic with low combustibility, and in particular obtained by extrusion or pultrusion processes.
  • Very many polymers or copolymers are suitable, for example based on isophthalic resin, polyester, polyamide, polypropylene or other polyolefins, acrylic polymers, etc.
  • the reinforcement is advantageously made by glass fibers.
  • the plastic material has an interesting property of thermal insulation, as a thermal bridge breaker which would be established with other materials, in particular metal, between the wall to be insulated and the new facade constituted by the profiles and the plates.
  • the thermal and acoustic insulation of an exterior wall essentially comprises a glass wool blanket (1) and plasterboard (2).
  • the glass wool (1) has a density of 23.5 kg/m 3 and a thermal conductivity ⁇ of 33 mW/mK.
  • the mat is available in rolls of 1200 mm in length (width of a strip). Once unrolled and decompressed, the mattress is available in several thicknesses, including 50, 80, 100, 120 and 150 mm.
  • the facing plates (2) are lightweight plates permeable to water vapour, essentially based on mineral material including gypsum.
  • Mineral facing plates (2) of the GlasRoc type from the company CertainTeed are used, with dimensions of 1200 ⁇ 1200 ⁇ 12.5 mm; their surface mass is 9 kg/m 2 ; it is significantly lighter than a cement board whose basis weight is approximately 13 to 14 kg/m 2 . They preferably have a water-resistant core, covered on each side with reinforcements of glass mats embedded in a layer of polymer-modified plaster, itself covered each time with adhesion of an acrylic coating. Plaster facing panels known for this purpose are described in patents US 6,524,679 And WO 2007 004066 .
  • the plates (2) are screwed to the metal sections (5), by means of galvanized metal screws, not shown.
  • the mineral facing plates (2) are covered with a thickness of 5 mm of organic coating (base coating) marketed by the company Weber and Broutin under the name “Webertherm Arm istsspachtel, zementok, Art. Nr M708”) in which is embedded a reinforcing fiberglass fabric, then a 2 mm thick silicate finishing coating.
  • base coating organic coating
  • the joints between the plates are reinforced with mortar in the space between the plates and the reinforcement grid for about 10 cm.
  • first brackets (3) the support and maintenance of the insulation are mainly ensured by the cooperation of three types of elements: first brackets (3), second brackets (4) and metal profiles (5 ).
  • first and second consoles (3, 4) are arranged every 1.20 m, both according to the height and according to the width.
  • the first bracket (3) is fixed to the wall by means of several screws (7) or the like (only one of which is shown), themselves being able to be associated with dowels introduced into the wall to be insulated.
  • a third flat part (33) connects the first (31) and the second (32) of the first console (3), which it intersects along two parallel line segments.
  • This third flat part (33) mechanically reinforces the first console (3), in particular vis-à-vis the vertical loads to which it is subjected for several years, even several decades.
  • the fixing of the first flat part (41) of the second bracket (4) to the first bracket (3) is made by means of at least one screw (7).
  • the first console (3) is made of isophthalic resin reinforced with glass fibers and pultruded. It is essentially a low combustibility material (reaction to fire A1).
  • the thicknesses of the different flat parts (31, 32, 33) of the first bracket (3) are between 5 and 9 mm.
  • the second console (4) is made of 1.5 mm thick galvanized metal. Besides the first substantially planar part (41), it comprises a second (42) and a third (43), all three being perpendicular in pairs.
  • the third flat part (43) connects the first flat part (41) and the second (42), so that the structure of the second console (4) is reinforced.
  • the first flat part (41) of the second bracket (4) is split to form a slot (44) intended to receive at least a fraction of the end (51) of the metal profile (5).
  • the third flat part (43) is split, forming a slot (45) capable of receiving at least one end fraction of another metal profile (6) perpendicular to the metal profile (5).
  • the shape of the slots (44), (45) is adapted to that of the sections (5), (6), in particular so that the introduction of the latter into the former is done with a certain tightening. Thus, it is possible to adjust their degree of penetration, if necessary.
  • the fixing itself is carried out by means of screwing, for example in the second flat part (42) of the second bracket (4) by means of screws (7).
  • the metal profile (5) is T-shaped.
  • the foot (51) of the T is intended to be brought into coincidence, covering with the first flat part (41) of the second console (4) (in this case, introduction into the slot (44)).
  • the head part (52) of the T forms the flat bearing surface of the facing plates (2). It comprises return wings (53) in the direction of the foot part (51) of the T, intended to be introduced into corresponding grooves (46) made in the second flat part (42) of the second bracket (4) , so as to block the metal profile (5).
  • Grooves (11) are made in the glass wool to prevent its compression - deformation by the protrusion of the second flat part (42) corresponding to the back of the groove (46).
  • the metal profile (5) and/or the other metal profile (6) can also be L-shaped, while keeping most of the functionalities of the T-profiles described previously.
  • An L-shaped metal profile is practical for delimiting all openings: door, opening, window, etc.
  • the wall fixing system described is reliable without requiring gluing of the elements of the insulation, but on the contrary avoiding the use of constituents which block the passage of humidity.
  • the insulation system described is light, easy and quick to assemble, and behaves satisfactorily under the accelerated aging conditions described in ETAG 004: no change in appearance or structure is observed after the cycles heat/rain and freeze/thaw. Satisfactory mechanical strength is retained after these stresses. Its puncture and impact resistance is also excellent.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
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Description

La présente invention a trait à un système d'isolation par l'extérieur de bâtiments, de préférence non industriels à paroi maçonnée, ou de briques, ou de béton massif ou léger.The present invention relates to an insulation system from the outside of buildings, preferably non-industrial with masonry walls, or bricks, or solid or lightweight concrete.

Il s'agit d'isoler thermiquement et/ou acoustiquement des façades de bâtiments pouvant comporter plusieurs étages.The aim is to thermally and/or acoustically insulate the facades of buildings that may have several floors.

Dans un premier système connu, l'isolation est constituée de panneaux rigides de laine minérale, généralement laine de roche, ou de mousse organique, généralement du polystyrène expansé.In a first known system, the insulation consists of rigid panels of mineral wool, generally rock wool, or of organic foam, generally expanded polystyrene.

Ces panneaux sont collés sur la paroi extérieure du bâtiment à isoler, et reçoivent généralement des éléments de retenue mécanique ponctuelle du type cheville expansive tout spécialement pour les parois de grande hauteur.These panels are glued to the exterior wall of the building to be insulated, and generally receive point mechanical restraint elements of the expansive plug type, especially for very high walls.

Les panneaux isolants sont ensuite recouverts d'un enduit de finition organique ou minéral, le plus souvent avec interposition d'un intercalaire de renforcement tel qu'une grille de verre ou de plastique.The insulating panels are then covered with an organic or mineral finishing coating, most often with the interposition of a reinforcing insert such as a glass or plastic grid.

Dans ce système, les panneaux doivent être rigides car ce sont eux qui apportent les propriétés mécaniques du revêtement de façade. Une résistance acceptable aux forces de pression/dépression dues au vent est obtenue grâce au collage et aux moyens de retenue mécanique. La surface reste toutefois sujette à des détériorations par enfoncement ou poinçonnement lors d'un choc avec un corps étranger sur la fine couche d'enduit superficielle.In this system, the panels must be rigid because they are the ones that provide the mechanical properties of the facade cladding. An acceptable resistance to the pressure/depression forces due to the wind is obtained thanks to the gluing and the mechanical retaining means. However, the surface remains subject to damage by depression or punching during impact with a foreign body on the thin layer of surface coating.

Les panneaux de mousse organique présentent en outre l'inconvénient d'être imperméables à la vapeur d'eau et ne permettent donc pas la diffusion de vapeur d'eau à travers la paroi.Organic foam panels also have the disadvantage of being impermeable to water vapor and therefore do not allow the diffusion of water vapor through the wall.

De façon générale, la fixation par collage est désavantageuse en rénovation car elle nécessite un mur présentant des défauts de planéité inférieurs à quelques millimètres par mètre. Dans le cas où la surface à isoler est fortement dégradée, une réparation préliminaire est nécessaire, ce qui est coûteux en temps et en matériaux. En outre la colle peut avoir une influence négative sur les échanges d'humidité.In general, fixing by gluing is disadvantageous in renovation because it requires a wall with flatness defects of less than a few millimeters per meter. In the event that the surface to be insulated is severely degraded, preliminary repair is necessary, which is costly in time and materials. Furthermore, the glue can have a negative influence on the moisture exchange.

Dans un autre système connu, l'isolation est contenue entre des éléments d'ossature fixés sur la paroi à isoler, qui peuvent être en bois ou en métal, et un parement extérieur est rapporté par l'intermédiaire d'une structure porteuse définissant à l'arrière du parement un espace renfermant une lame d'air reliée à l'extérieur. Ce système est communément nommé « façade ventilée ».In another known system, the insulation is contained between frame elements fixed to the wall to be insulated, which can be made of wood or metal, and an external facing is attached via a supporting structure defining at the back of the facing a space containing an air gap connected to the outside. This system is commonly called “ventilated facade”.

Cette construction évite les risques de condensation et d'accumulation d'humidité dans la façade, et ainsi la prolifération de micro-organismes, algues ou champignons. L'ossature bois est particulièrement concernée, car le bois risque de se dégrader sous l'effet de l'humidité.This construction avoids the risk of condensation and accumulation of humidity in the facade, and thus the proliferation of micro-organisms, algae or fungi. The wooden frame is particularly concerned, because the wood risks degrading under the effect of humidity.

L'inconvénient des façades ventilées réside dans leur complexité de mise en oeuvre, en particulier au niveau des points singuliers de la façade (portes, fenêtres ...). De plus, en cas d'incendie, la ventilation de la façade favorise la propagation du feu dans les étages supérieurs (« effet cheminée »).The disadvantage of ventilated facades lies in their complexity of implementation, in particular at the level of the singular points of the facade (doors, windows, etc.). In addition, in the event of a fire, the ventilation of the facade promotes the spread of fire to the upper floors (“chimney effect”).

Le document FR 2 852 989 A1 divulgue les caractéristiques du préambule de la revendication 1.The document FR 2 852 989 A1 discloses the features of the preamble of claim 1.

L'invention a principalement pour but la mise à disposition d'un système d'isolation par l'extérieur respirable, c'est-à-dire compatible avec la tendance naturelle des parois maçonnées à absorber et relarguer de l'humidité suivant les saisons, et dont la mise en oeuvre est simplifiée par rapport aux façades ventilées conventionnelles.The main purpose of the invention is to provide a breathable exterior insulation system, that is to say compatible with the natural tendency of masonry walls to absorb and release moisture depending on the season. , and whose implementation is simplified compared to conventional ventilated facades.

Elle a aussi pour but l'élaboration d'un système d'isolation par l'extérieur compact et léger, ce qui facilite à la fois sa fixation à la paroi et le transport, l'isolant pouvant être sous une forme compacte telle qu'en rouleaux.It also aims to develop a compact and lightweight exterior insulation system, which facilitates both its attachment to the wall and transport, the insulation can be in a compact form such as in rolls.

Elle vise également à fournir un système qui peut être plus résistant au feu, par l'utilisation de laine minérale dans une configuration qui se dispense de lame d'air. L'absence de lame d'air limite la propagation du feu en cas d'incendie sur la façade.It also aims to provide a system that can be more resistant to fire, by using mineral wool in a configuration that dispenses with an air gap. The absence of an air gap limits the spread of fire in the event of a fire on the facade.

Ces buts sont atteints par l'invention qui a pour objet un système d'isolation de bâtiments par l'extérieur comprenant les caractéristiques de la revendication 1.These objects are achieved by the invention which relates to a system for insulating buildings from the outside comprising the characteristics of claim 1.

La capacité d'un matériau à résister à la diffusion de la vapeur d'eau peut être caractérisée par divers facteurs. Sa perméance à la vapeur d'eau représente la quantité de vapeur d'eau traversant l'épaisseur de matériau par unité de surface, de temps et de pression. La perméance peut être mesurée selon la norme ASTM E 96, et exprimée en unité « Perm », définie comme valant 5,7.10-8 g.Pa-1.s-1.m-2. La résistance à la diffusion de la vapeur d'eau est définie comme étant l'inverse de la perméance. La perméabilité, qui correspond au produit de la perméance par l'épaisseur du matériau considéré, est quant à elle une caractéristique intrinsèque dudit matériau. La résistance à la diffusion de la vapeur d'eau d'un matériau est également très souvent rapportée à la résistance à la diffusion de la vapeur d'eau d'une couche d'air. On définit l'indice de résistance à la diffusion de la vapeur d'eau comme le rapport entre la perméabilité de l'air et la perméabilité du matériau considéré. Il est alors d'usage courant d'exprimer la résistance à la diffusion en multipliant cet indice par l'épaisseur du matériau considéré, ce qui équivaut à diviser la perméabilité de l'air à la vapeur d'eau par la perméance du matériau considéré. Le résultat, exprimé en mètres et appelé « épaisseur d'air équivalente » (Sd), correspond ainsi à l'épaisseur d'air possédant la même perméance à la vapeur d'eau que l'épaisseur de matériau considérée.The ability of a material to resist water vapor diffusion can be characterized by various factors. Its water vapor permeance represents the amount of water vapor passing through the thickness of the material per unit area, time and pressure. The permeance can be measured according to the ASTM E 96 standard, and expressed in “Perm” units, defined as equal to 5.7×10 −8 g.Pa −1. s -1 .m -2 . Resistance to water vapor diffusion is defined as the inverse of permeance. The permeability, which corresponds to the product of the permeance by the thickness of the material considered, is itself an intrinsic characteristic of said material. The water vapor diffusion resistance of a material is also very often related to the water vapor diffusion resistance of a layer of air. The water vapor diffusion resistance index is defined as the ratio between the air permeability and the permeability of the material in question. It is then common practice to express the resistance to diffusion by multiplying this index by the thickness of the material considered, which is equivalent to dividing the permeability of air to water vapor by the permeance of the material considered. . The result, expressed in meters and called “equivalent air thickness” (S d ), thus corresponds to the thickness of air having the same permeance to water vapor as the thickness of material considered.

L'originalité du système selon l'invention réside dans le fait que les plaques de parement sont considérées comme des éléments actifs dans le mécanisme de diffusion de vapeur d'eau, alors que cette fonction était jusqu'ici réalisée par une lame d'air intercalée dans le système. A cet égard, les inventeurs ont considéré la respirabilité vis-à-vis de la vapeur d'eau des plaques de parement et des couches les recouvrant comme essentielle. Grâce aux caractéristiques du système d'isolation de l'invention, l'échange de vapeur d'eau à travers la paroi isolée du bâtiment est possible suivant l'alternance de périodes froides (condensation d'humidité) et chaudes (évaporation). Ainsi dans le système de l'invention, de la vapeur d'eau est susceptible de pénétrer dans l'isolant pendant les saisons froides, puis d'en être relarguée pendant les saisons chaudes.The originality of the system according to the invention lies in the fact that the facing plates are considered as active elements in the water vapor diffusion mechanism, whereas this function was hitherto performed by an air gap. inserted into the system. In this regard, the inventors have considered the breathability vis-à-vis the water vapor of the facing panels and the layers covering them as essential. Thanks to the characteristics of the insulation system of the invention, the exchange of water vapor through the insulated wall of the building is possible according to the alternation of cold (condensation of humidity) and hot (evaporation) periods. Thus, in the system of the invention, water vapor is liable to penetrate into the insulation during the cold seasons, then to be released therefrom during the hot seasons.

En combinaison avec un choix judicieux de l'isolant, cette respirabilité permet de se passer d'une lame d'air. On diminue l'encombrement et le poids du système d'isolation, tout en évitant la formation de microorganismes, algues, champignons, moisissures ...La pose du système d'isolation est plus simple et plus rapide.In combination with a judicious choice of insulation, this breathability makes it possible to do without an air gap. The size and weight of the insulation system are reduced, while avoiding the formation of microorganisms, algae, fungi, molds, etc. The installation of the insulation system is simpler and faster.

Les plaques de parement sont de préférence des plaques de matériau minéral résistantes à l'humidité ou adaptées à l'usage en locaux humides, particulièrement répondant au classement H1. Elles peuvent notamment être à base d'un liant à prise hydraulique tel que plâtre sous forme de plaque et/ou sous forme supportée sur une armature de métal déployé nervuré ou d'un grillage en métal ou autre recouverte dans les deux cas d'un mortier épais. Celui-ci peut être constitué par exemple de ciment, être respirant par le fait que sa porosité est élevée. Les plaques de plâtre ou le mortier épais peuvent comprendre éventuellement des charges et renforts notamment en matière synthétique sous forme de billes (polystyrène ou argile expansée), fibres ..... Certaines plaques de plâtre notamment, sont remarquables à plusieurs titres. Elles sont respirantes vis-à-vis de la vapeur d'eau. De plus, ces plaques améliorent la résistance au feu du système (en plus de la laine minérale), et l'isolation acoustique par le principe du « masse-ressort-masse », ici représenté par « plaque-laine minérale-mur ».The facing plates are preferably plates of mineral material resistant to humidity or suitable for use in damp rooms, particularly meeting the H1 classification. They may in particular be based on a binder with hydraulic setting such as plaster in the form of a plate and/or in the form supported on a ribbed expanded metal frame or a metal or other mesh covered in both cases with a thick mortar. This can be made for example of cement, be breathable by the fact that its porosity is high. The plasterboards or the thick mortar may optionally include fillers and reinforcements, in particular in synthetic material in the form of beads (polystyrene or expanded clay), fibres, etc. Certain plasterboards in particular are remarkable in several respects. They are breathable vis-à-vis water vapour. In addition, these plates improve the fire resistance of the system (in addition to the mineral wool), and the acoustic insulation by the principle of "mass-spring-mass", here represented by "plate-mineral wool-wall".

Des fractions de leur épaisseur peuvent être modifiées pour accroître leur résistance à l'eau, modifiées au polymère, renforcées mécaniquement en y noyant des mats de verre par exemple. Dans une réalisation avantageuse, les plaques de plâtre possèdent un noyau de plâtre résistant à l'humidité et une surface renforcée par un mat de verre recouverte d'un revêtement polymère de type acrylique. De telles plaques sont décrites dans les documents US 6 524 679 , WO 2007 004 066 et WO 02 098 646 .Fractions of their thickness can be modified to increase their resistance to water, modified with polymer, mechanically reinforced by embedding glass mats for example. In an advantageous embodiment, the plasterboards have a moisture-resistant plaster core and a surface reinforced with a glass mat covered with an acrylic-type polymer coating. Such plates are described in documents US 6,524,679 , WO2007004066 And WO 02098646 .

Ainsi, la résistance à la diffusion de la vapeur d'eau d'une plaque de plâtre de 12,5 mm d'épaisseur correspond à une épaisseur d'air équivalente Sd n'excédant pas 0,10 m, voire 0,08 m.Thus, the resistance to water vapor diffusion of a 12.5 mm thick plasterboard corresponds to an equivalent air thickness S d not exceeding 0.10 m, or even 0.08 Mr.

Les plaques de plâtre sont d'autre part disponibles en dimensions de 1200 x 1200 x 12,5 mm notamment, avantageuses pour le transport.The plasterboards are also available in dimensions of 1200 x 1200 x 12.5 mm in particular, advantageous for transport.

Des exemples de produits utilisables selon l'invention sont des plaques de plâtre commercialisées par la société CertainTeed sous la marque enregistrée GlasRoc.Examples of products that can be used according to the invention are plasterboards marketed by the company CertainTeed under the registered trademark GlasRoc.

En l'absence d'unelame d'air interposée entre l'isolant et le parement, le parement, c'est-à-dire soit les plaques de plâtre soit le mortier épais recouvrant le métal déployé nervuré ou le grillage métal, ainsi que les autres constituants du système d'isolation recouvrant le parement (notamment couche de base, enduit de finition), doivent être respirants.In the absence of an air gap interposed between the insulation and the facing, the facing, i.e. either the plasterboard or the thick mortar covering the ribbed expanded metal or the metal mesh, as well as the other constituents of the insulation system covering the facing (in particular base layer, finishing coat), must be breathable.

Dans tous les cas, l'isolant peut être ou non directement recouvert d'un pare-pluie empêchant l'eau liquide de passer, mais laissant passer la vapeur d'eau. Le pare-pluie consiste donc en un film respirant dont un exemple est commercialisé par la société Du Pont de Nemours sous la marque enregistrée Tyvek.In all cases, the insulation may or may not be directly covered with a rain barrier preventing liquid water from passing through, but allowing water vapor to pass through. The rain barrier therefore consists of a breathable film, an example of which is marketed by the company Du Pont de Nemours under the registered trademark Tyvek.

Lesdits constituants dudit système d'isolation recouvrant les plaques de parement consistent de préférence en un revêtement de base, une nappe en tissu ou grille et un enduit, et sont en relation d'adhésion les uns avec les autres ainsi qu'avec les plaques de parement.Said constituents of said insulation system covering the facing plates preferably consist of a base covering, a sheet of fabric or grid and a coating, and are in an adhesive relationship with each other as well as with the facing.

Quand le parement est en plâtre, le revêtement de base est de préférence sans ciment, notamment organique - c'est-à-dire totalement organique -, afin d'éviter la formation d'ettringite.When the facing is made of plaster, the base coating is preferably without cement, in particular organic - that is to say completely organic -, in order to avoid the formation of ettringite.

La nappe en tissu ou grille comprend avantageusement des fibres de verre alcali-résistantes. Elle a une fonction de renforcement et de support de l'enduit, de telle sorte que celui-ci ne laisse plus apparaître les lignes de séparation entre les plaques de parement voisines.The web of fabric or grid advantageously comprises alkali-resistant glass fibers. It has a function of reinforcement and support of the coating, so that the latter no longer reveals the lines of separation between the neighboring facing plates.

L'enduit est avantageusement choisi parmi un enduit au silicate et/ou à la silicone. Celui-ci procure en effet une combinaison de hautes performances en diffusion de vapeur d'eau (respirabilité), résistance au choc, flexibilité (risques de fissures), résistance à l'eau (eau de pluie), au rayonnement ultraviolet, aux algues, à la poussière, à la pollution industrielle (fumées, pluies acides), au feu (ininflammabilité).The coating is advantageously chosen from a silicate and/or silicone coating. This provides a combination of high performance in terms of water vapor diffusion (breathability), impact resistance, flexibility (risk of cracking), resistance to water (rainwater), ultraviolet radiation, algae , dust, industrial pollution (smoke, acid rain), fire (non-flammability).

L'isolant consiste de préférence en une laine minérale, notamment en laine de verre, de masse volumique comprise entre 7 et 100 kg/m3, et de manière particulièrement préférée au plus égale à 50 kg/m3, notamment comprise entre 7 et 50 kg/m3 ou 7 et 40 kg/m3, par exemple de l'ordre de 10 à 30 kg/m3.The insulation preferably consists of mineral wool, in particular glass wool, with a density of between 7 and 100 kg/m 3 , and particularly preferably at most equal to 50 kg/m 3 , in particular of between 7 and 50 kg/m 3 or 7 and 40 kg/m 3 , for example of the order of 10 to 30 kg/m 3 .

Avantageusement l'isolant a une conductivité thermique (λ) de l'ordre de 30 à 40 mW/m.K de préférence 30 à 35 mW/m.K.Advantageously, the insulation has a thermal conductivity (λ) of the order of 30 to 40 mW/m.K, preferably 30 to 35 mW/m.K.

C'est un produit isolant thermiquement et acoustiquement. Il permet un assèchement de la construction, il est apte à absorber et relarguer de l'humidité dans une certaine mesure, au fil des saisons, sans en être aucunement affecté dans sa nature et son intégrité, ni dans sa fonctionnalité isolante.It is a thermally and acoustically insulating product. It allows the construction to dry out, it is able to absorb and release humidity to a certain extent, over the seasons, without being in any way affected in its nature and its integrity, nor in its insulating functionality.

Il ne fait donc pas barrière à l'humidité, de sorte qu'aucun microorganisme, algue, champignon - moisissure ne se forme. Aucune lame d'air n'est utile ici, dans le but de créer une circulation d'air et d'humidité.It therefore does not form a barrier to humidity, so that no microorganisms, algae, fungus - mold are formed. No air gap is useful here, in order to create circulation of air and humidity.

De plus la laine minérale est un produit léger, compressible et notamment transportable sous forme compacte (rouleaux ...). Cet isolant n'est pas rigide, mais au contraire compressible, ce qui permet le positionnement aisé de fils, gaines, câbles, tuyaux ou canalisations dans l'isolation, et sa découpe rapide.In addition, mineral wool is a light product, compressible and in particular transportable in compact form (rolls, etc.). This insulation is not rigid, but on the contrary compressible, which allows the easy positioning of wires, sheaths, cables, pipes or pipes in the insulation, and its rapid cutting.

L'isolant et le parement sont supportés et maintenus par l'association

  • d'un ensemble de premières consoles fixées à la paroi à isoler,
  • et de profilés fixés aux premières consoles et présentant une surface plane d'appui des plaques de parement.
The insulation and the facing are supported and maintained by the association
  • a set of first brackets fixed to the wall to be insulated,
  • and profiles fixed to the first brackets and having a flat support surface for the facing plates.

On entend ici par « console » un moyen apte à assurer pendant des dizaines d'années le soutien et le maintien des charges auxquelles la façade est soumise.Here, the term "console" means a means capable of ensuring for decades the support and maintenance of the loads to which the facade is subjected.

Le système d'isolation de l'invention est léger, et parfaitement compatible avec des hauteurs importantes de façades.The insulation system of the invention is light, and perfectly compatible with significant facade heights.

Les profilés ayant pour fonction de garantir le maintien, la fixation, la rigidité et une résistance mécanique de haute qualité, peuvent être métalliques, pourvu qu'ils aient une résistance minimale à la corrosion en extérieur (aluminium ou acier Z275), en matériau polymère éventuellement renforcé, ou similaire.The profiles having the function of guaranteeing the maintenance, the fixing, the rigidity and a mechanical resistance of high quality, can be metallic, provided that they have a minimum resistance to corrosion in exterior (aluminum or steel Z275), in polymeric material possibly reinforced, or similar.

Dans une première variante, les profilés sont fixés directement aux premières consoles. L'isolant repose sur celles-ci, et est confiné dans l'espace délimité par la paroi à isoler, les premières consoles et les profilés.In a first variant, the profiles are fixed directly to the first brackets. The insulation rests on them, and is confined in the space delimited by the wall to be insulated, the first brackets and the sections.

Dans une deuxième variante, lesdits profilés sont fixés auxdites premières consoles par l'intermédiaire d'autant de secondes consoles.In a second variant, said sections are fixed to said first brackets via as many second brackets.

Selon une caractéristique préférée, lesdits profilés sont en T ou en L dont

  • la partie de pied est destinée à être mise en coïncidence avec une partie desdites premières consoles ou secondes consoles, et
  • la partie de tête constitue ladite surface plane d'appui desdites plaques de parement.
According to a preferred characteristic, said sections are T-shaped or L-shaped,
  • the foot part is intended to be brought into coincidence with a part of said first brackets or second brackets, and
  • the head portion constitutes said flat bearing surface of said facing plates.

D'autre part, lesdites premières consoles sont avantageusement en matière plastique renforcée à faible combustibilité, et notamment obtenues par des procédés d'extrusion ou pultrusion. De très nombreux polymères ou copolymères conviennent, par exemple à base de résine isophtalique, polyester, polyamide, polypropylène ou autres polyoléfines, polymères acryliques ...On the other hand, said first brackets are advantageously made of reinforced plastic with low combustibility, and in particular obtained by extrusion or pultrusion processes. Very many polymers or copolymers are suitable, for example based on isophthalic resin, polyester, polyamide, polypropylene or other polyolefins, acrylic polymers, etc.

Le renforcement est avantageusement réalisé par des fibres de verre.The reinforcement is advantageously made by glass fibers.

La matière plastique présente une propriété intéressante d'isolation thermique, en tant que rupteur du pont thermique qui s'établirait avec d'autres matériaux, notamment métalliques, entre le mur à isoler et la nouvelle façade constituée par les profilés et les plaques.The plastic material has an interesting property of thermal insulation, as a thermal bridge breaker which would be established with other materials, in particular metal, between the wall to be insulated and the new facade constituted by the profiles and the plates.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lumière des dessins annexés dans lesquels

  • la Figure 1 est une représentation générale en perspective du système d'isolation de l'invention vu « de l'intérieur », c'est-à-dire de la paroi à isoler ;
  • les Figures 2 et 3 sont des vues détaillées en perspective des éléments servant au support, au maintien et à la fixation de la laine minérale et des plaques de parement,
    • ces éléments étant en position de montage dans la Figure 2,
    • séparés en vue éclatée dans la Figure 3.
The invention will be better understood in the light of the appended drawings in which
  • there Figure 1 is a general representation in perspective of the insulation system of the invention seen “from the inside”, that is to say of the wall to be insulated;
  • THE Figure 2 And 3 are detailed perspective views of the elements used to support, maintain and fix the mineral wool and the facing plates,
    • these elements being in the assembly position in the Figure 2 ,
    • separated in exploded view in the Figure 3 .

L'isolation thermique et acoustique d'un mur extérieur non représenté comprend essentiellement un matelas de laine de verre (1) et des plaques de plâtre (2). La laine de verre (1) a une masse volumique de 23,5 kg/m3 et une conductivité thermique λ de 33 mW/m.K. Le matelas est disponible en rouleaux de 1200 mm de longueur (largeur d'un lé). Une fois déroulé et décomprimé le matelas existe en plusieurs épaisseurs, notamment 50, 80, 100, 120 et 150 mm.The thermal and acoustic insulation of an exterior wall, not shown, essentially comprises a glass wool blanket (1) and plasterboard (2). The glass wool (1) has a density of 23.5 kg/m 3 and a thermal conductivity λ of 33 mW/mK. The mat is available in rolls of 1200 mm in length (width of a strip). Once unrolled and decompressed, the mattress is available in several thicknesses, including 50, 80, 100, 120 and 150 mm.

Les plaques de parement (2) sont des plaques légères perméables à la vapeur d'eau, essentiellement à base de matériau minéral incluant du gypse. On emploie des plaques de parement minéral (2) du type GlasRoc de la société CertainTeed, de dimensions 1200 x 1200 x 12,5 mm ; leur masse surfacique est de 9 kg/m2 ; c'est significativement plus léger qu'une plaque de ciment dont la masse surfacique est d'environ 13 à 14 kg/m2. Elles présentent de préférence un coeur résistant à l'eau, recouvert de chaque côté de renforcements de mats de verre noyés dans une couche de plâtre modifié au polymère, elle-même chaque fois recouverte avec adhésion d'un revêtement acrylique. Des plaques de parement de plâtre connues à cet effet sont décrites dans les brevets US 6 524 679 et WO 2007 004066 .The facing plates (2) are lightweight plates permeable to water vapour, essentially based on mineral material including gypsum. Mineral facing plates (2) of the GlasRoc type from the company CertainTeed are used, with dimensions of 1200×1200×12.5 mm; their surface mass is 9 kg/m 2 ; it is significantly lighter than a cement board whose basis weight is approximately 13 to 14 kg/m 2 . They preferably have a water-resistant core, covered on each side with reinforcements of glass mats embedded in a layer of polymer-modified plaster, itself covered each time with adhesion of an acrylic coating. Plaster facing panels known for this purpose are described in patents US 6,524,679 And WO 2007 004066 .

Ces plaques sont faciles à couper et à mettre en oeuvre (entraînant un gain de temps lors de la pose), résistantes au choc, à l'eau tout en étant perméables à la vapeur. Elles supportent bien l'humidité.These plates are easy to cut and to implement (resulting in a gain of time during the installation), resistant to shocks, to water while being permeable to vapour. They tolerate humidity well.

Elles ne contiennent pas de papier, ni d'amidon qui pourrait favoriser le développement de moisissures.They do not contain paper or starch which could promote the development of mould.

Elles ont une bonne résistance au feu, une stabilité dimensionnelle en milieu humide meilleure que les panneaux de ciment, et une résistance en flexion relativement élevée (module de rupture supérieur à 12 MPa). De plus elles ne sont pas friables contrairement à la plupart des panneaux de ciment renforcés de fibres.They have good fire resistance, better dimensional stability in a humid environment than cement panels, and a relatively high flexural strength (modulus of rupture greater than 12 MPa). In addition, they are not friable unlike most fiber reinforced cement boards.

Les plaques (2) sont vissées aux profilés métalliques (5), au moyen de vis de métal galvanisé non représentées.The plates (2) are screwed to the metal sections (5), by means of galvanized metal screws, not shown.

Les plaques de parement minéral (2) sont recouvertes d'une épaisseur de 5 mm d'enduit organique (revêtement de base) commercialisé par la société Weber et Broutin sous la dénomination « Webertherm Armierungsspachtel, zementfrei, Art. Nr M708 ») dans lequel est noyé un tissu de fibres de verre de renforcement, puis d'une épaisseur de 2 mm d'enduit silicate de finition.The mineral facing plates (2) are covered with a thickness of 5 mm of organic coating (base coating) marketed by the company Weber and Broutin under the name “Webertherm Armierungsspachtel, zementfrei, Art. Nr M708”) in which is embedded a reinforcing fiberglass fabric, then a 2 mm thick silicate finishing coating.

Les joints entre les plaques sont renforcés par du mortier dans l'espace entre plaques et grille de renfort sur environ 10 cm.The joints between the plates are reinforced with mortar in the space between the plates and the reinforcement grid for about 10 cm.

On mesure la résistance à la diffusion de la vapeur d'eau sous la forme de l'épaisseur d'air équivalente Sd (selon norme ASTM E96).

  • pour la plaque de plâtre (2) : 0,07 m ;
  • pour la finition (revêtement de base + tissu de fibres de verre + enduit) : 0,14 m ;
  • pour la plaque de plâtre (2) + la finition : 0,18 m.
The resistance to water vapor diffusion is measured in the form of the equivalent air thickness S d (according to standard ASTM E96).
  • for the plasterboard (2): 0.07 m;
  • for the finish (base coating + fiberglass fabric + filler): 0.14 m;
  • for the plasterboard (2) + the finish: 0.18 m.

Ces chiffres indiquent une excellente respirabilité des éléments séparés et combinés. Ils présentent une excellente synergie avec la laine de verre, apte à absorber et relarguer l'humidité selon la fréquence des saisons, sans dommage, durablement.These numbers indicate excellent breathability of the separate and combined elements. They have an excellent synergy with glass wool, capable of absorbing and releasing humidity according to the frequency of the seasons, without damage, durably.

Dans la réalisation représentée dans les trois figures, le support et le maintien de l'isolation sont principalement assurés par la coopération de trois types d'éléments : des premières consoles (3), des secondes consoles (4) et des profilés métalliques (5).In the embodiment shown in the three figures, the support and maintenance of the insulation are mainly ensured by the cooperation of three types of elements: first brackets (3), second brackets (4) and metal profiles (5 ).

Les associations de première et seconde consoles (3, 4) sont disposées tous les 1,20 m, aussi bien selon la hauteur que selon la largeur.The associations of first and second consoles (3, 4) are arranged every 1.20 m, both according to the height and according to the width.

Chaque première console (3) comprend

  • une première partie sensiblement plane (31) destinée à une mise en appui sur la paroi à isoler, en général verticale, et
  • une seconde partie sensiblement plane (32) perpendiculaire à la première (31) destinée à un positionnement horizontal de manière à soutenir la laine minérale (1) notamment.
Each first console (3) includes
  • a first substantially planar part (31) intended to be supported on the wall to be insulated, generally vertical, and
  • a second substantially flat part (32) perpendicular to the first (31) intended for horizontal positioning so as to support the mineral wool (1) in particular.

La première console (3) est fixée à la paroi au moyen de plusieurs vis (7) ou équivalent (dont une seule est représentée), elles-mêmes pouvant être associées à des chevilles introduites dans la paroi à isoler.The first bracket (3) is fixed to the wall by means of several screws (7) or the like (only one of which is shown), themselves being able to be associated with dowels introduced into the wall to be insulated.

Une troisième partie plane (33) relie la première (31) et la seconde (32) de la première console (3), qu'elle coupe selon deux segments de droites parallèles. Cette troisième partie plane (33) renforce mécaniquement la première console (3), notamment vis-à-vis des charges verticales auxquelles elle est soumise pendant plusieurs années, voire plusieurs décennies.A third flat part (33) connects the first (31) and the second (32) of the first console (3), which it intersects along two parallel line segments. This third flat part (33) mechanically reinforces the first console (3), in particular vis-à-vis the vertical loads to which it is subjected for several years, even several decades.

La seconde partie plane (32) de la première console (3) est dédoublée de manière à former une fente (34) destinée à recevoir la première partie plane (41) d'une seconde console (4). La forme de la fente (34) est adaptée à celle de la première partie plane (41) de sorte que

  • l'enfoncement de cette dernière y soit réglable,
  • et que cet enfoncement soit effectué avec une certaine résistance le cas échéant, la fente (34) pouvant alors être conformée pour accueillir la première partie plane (41) avec serrage.
The second flat part (32) of the first bracket (3) is split so as to form a slot (34) intended to receive the first flat part (41) of a second bracket (4). The shape of the slot (34) is adapted to that of the first flat part (41) so that
  • the depth of the latter is adjustable there,
  • and that this depression is carried out with a certain resistance if necessary, the slot (34) then being able to be shaped to accommodate the first flat part (41) with tightening.

Lorsque l'enfoncement est réglé comme souhaité, la fixation de la première partie plane (41) de la seconde console (4) à la première console (3) est faite au moyen d'une vis (7) au moins.When the recess is adjusted as desired, the fixing of the first flat part (41) of the second bracket (4) to the first bracket (3) is made by means of at least one screw (7).

La première console (3) est en résine isophtalique renforcée de fibres de verre et pultrudée. C'est essentiellement un matériau à faible combustibilité (réaction au feu A1). Les épaisseurs des différentes parties planes (31, 32, 33) de la première console (3) sont comprises entre 5 et 9 mm.The first console (3) is made of isophthalic resin reinforced with glass fibers and pultruded. It is essentially a low combustibility material (reaction to fire A1). The thicknesses of the different flat parts (31, 32, 33) of the first bracket (3) are between 5 and 9 mm.

La seconde console (4) est en métal galvanisé de 1,5 mm d'épaisseur. Outre la première partie sensiblement plane (41), elle en comprend une seconde (42) et une troisième (43), toutes trois étant perpendiculaires deux à deux.The second console (4) is made of 1.5 mm thick galvanized metal. Besides the first substantially planar part (41), it comprises a second (42) and a third (43), all three being perpendicular in pairs.

Il est visible en particulier sur la Figure 3, que l'épaisseur précitée de métal est doublée pour les parties planes (41) et (43), la seconde console (4) étant fabriquée par un procédé de pliage-emboutissage.It is particularly visible on the Figure 3 , that the aforementioned thickness of metal is doubled for the flat parts (41) and (43), the second bracket (4) being manufactured by a bending-stamping process.

La troisième partie plane (43) relie la première partie plane (41) et la seconde (42), de sorte que la structure de la seconde console (4) en est renforcée.The third flat part (43) connects the first flat part (41) and the second (42), so that the structure of the second console (4) is reinforced.

La première partie plane (41) de la seconde console (4) est dédoublée en formant une fente (44) destinée à recevoir au moins une fraction d'extrémité (51) du profilé métallique (5).The first flat part (41) of the second bracket (4) is split to form a slot (44) intended to receive at least a fraction of the end (51) of the metal profile (5).

De même, la troisième partie plane (43) est dédoublée en formant une fente (45) apte à recevoir au moins une fraction d'extrémité d'un autre profilé métallique (6) perpendiculaire au profilé métallique (5).Similarly, the third flat part (43) is split, forming a slot (45) capable of receiving at least one end fraction of another metal profile (6) perpendicular to the metal profile (5).

La forme des fentes (44), (45) est adaptée à celle des profilés (5), (6), de telle sorte notamment que l'introduction des seconds dans les premières se fasse avec un certain serrage. Ainsi peut-on régler leur degré d'enfoncement, le cas échéant.The shape of the slots (44), (45) is adapted to that of the sections (5), (6), in particular so that the introduction of the latter into the former is done with a certain tightening. Thus, it is possible to adjust their degree of penetration, if necessary.

La fixation elle-même est réalisée au moyen d'un vissage, par exemple dans la seconde partie plane (42) de la seconde console (4) au moyen de vis (7).The fixing itself is carried out by means of screwing, for example in the second flat part (42) of the second bracket (4) by means of screws (7).

Le profilé métallique (5) est en T. Le pied (51) du T est destiné à être mis en coïncidence, recouvrement avec la première partie plane (41) de la seconde console (4) (en l'occurrence, introduction dans la fente (44)).The metal profile (5) is T-shaped. The foot (51) of the T is intended to be brought into coincidence, covering with the first flat part (41) of the second console (4) (in this case, introduction into the slot (44)).

La partie de tête (52) du T constitue la surface plane d'appui des plaques de parement (2). Elle comporte des ailes de retour (53) en direction de la partie de pied (51) du T, destinées à s'introduire dans des rainures (46) correspondantes pratiquées dans la seconde partie plane (42) de la seconde console (4), de manière à bloquer le profilé métallique (5).The head part (52) of the T forms the flat bearing surface of the facing plates (2). It comprises return wings (53) in the direction of the foot part (51) of the T, intended to be introduced into corresponding grooves (46) made in the second flat part (42) of the second bracket (4) , so as to block the metal profile (5).

Des rainures (11) sont ménagées dans la laine de verre pour éviter sa compression - déformation par l'excroissance de la seconde partie plane (42) correspondant au dos de la rainure (46).Grooves (11) are made in the glass wool to prevent its compression - deformation by the protrusion of the second flat part (42) corresponding to the back of the groove (46).

Le profilé métallique (5) et/ou l'autre profilé métallique (6) peuvent aussi être en L, tout en gardant la plupart des fonctionnalités des profilés en T décrites précédemment. Un profilé métallique en L est pratique pour délimiter toutes ouvertures : porte, baie, fenêtre ...The metal profile (5) and/or the other metal profile (6) can also be L-shaped, while keeping most of the functionalities of the T-profiles described previously. An L-shaped metal profile is practical for delimiting all openings: door, opening, window, etc.

Le système de fixation à la paroi décrit est fiable sans nécessiter de collage des éléments de l'isolation, mais en évitant au contraire d'employer des constituants qui bloquent le passage d'humidité.The wall fixing system described is reliable without requiring gluing of the elements of the insulation, but on the contrary avoiding the use of constituents which block the passage of humidity.

Le système d'isolation décrit est léger, d'un montage aisé et rapide, et a un comportement satisfaisant dans les conditions de vieillissement accéléré décrites dans l'ETAG 004 : aucune modification d'aspect, ni structurale n'est observée après les cycles chaleur/pluie et gel/dégel. Une résistance mécanique satisfaisante est conservée après ces sollicitations. Sa résistance à la perforation et aux impacts est également excellente. The insulation system described is light, easy and quick to assemble, and behaves satisfactorily under the accelerated aging conditions described in ETAG 004: no change in appearance or structure is observed after the cycles heat/rain and freeze/thaw. Satisfactory mechanical strength is retained after these stresses. Its puncture and impact resistance is also excellent.

Claims (9)

  1. System for insulating buildings from the outside comprising
    - an insulation (1)
    - covered with sheets of cladding (2),
    characterized in that the resistance of the sheets of cladding (2) and any other parts of the said insulating system that covers them to the diffusion of water vapour corresponds to an equivalent air thickness Sd of at most 0.40 m, preferably 0.30 m and more particularly preferably, 0.20 m,
    and in that the insulation (1) and the cladding (2) are supported and held by the combination
    - of a set of first brackets (3) fixed to the wall that is to be insulated,
    - and of section pieces (5) fixed to the first brackets (3) and having a flat surface (52) against which the sheets of cladding (2) can bear.
  2. Insulating system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the sheets of cladding (2) are based on hydraulic setting binder such as plaster and/or on expanded ribbed metal or a lattice of metal covered with a thick mortar.
  3. Insulating system according to Claim 2, characterized in that the sheets of plasterboard (2) have a moisture-resistant plaster core and a surface reinforced by a glass mat covered with a polymer coating of the acrylic type.
  4. Insulating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said other constituent parts of the said insulating system covering the sheets of cladding (2) consist of a basic coating, preferably without cement when the cladding is made of plasterboard, a web of fabric or mesh and a render, and are stuck to one another and to the sheets of cladding (2).
  5. Insulating system according to Claim 4, characterized in that the render is a silicate and/or silicone render.
  6. Insulating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insulation (1) is a mineral wool with a density of 50 kg/m3 at most, preferably ranging between 7 and 40 kg/m3, preferably a glass wool.
  7. Insulating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said section pieces (5) are fixed to the first said brackets (3) by the same number of second brackets (4).
  8. Insulating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said section pieces (5) are T-shaped or L-shaped in which
    - the leg part (51) is intended to be made to coincide with a part of the said first brackets (3) or second brackets (4), and
    - the top part (52) constitutes the said flat surface against which the said sheets of cladding (2) bear.
  9. Insulating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said first brackets (3) are made of a reinforced plastic having low combustibility, preferably made of isophthalic resin.
EP08856571.8A 2007-11-28 2008-11-28 System for insulating buildings from the outside Active EP2225426B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0759394A FR2924139B1 (en) 2007-11-28 2007-11-28 OUTDOOR BUILDING INSULATION SYSTEM
PCT/FR2008/052151 WO2009071854A2 (en) 2007-11-28 2008-11-28 System for insulating buildings from the outside

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2225426A2 EP2225426A2 (en) 2010-09-08
EP2225426B1 EP2225426B1 (en) 2019-08-14
EP2225426B2 true EP2225426B2 (en) 2023-08-02

Family

ID=39672606

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08856571.8A Active EP2225426B2 (en) 2007-11-28 2008-11-28 System for insulating buildings from the outside

Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP2225426B2 (en)
EA (1) EA020778B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2753426T5 (en)
FR (1) FR2924139B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2009071854A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2924139B1 (en) 2007-11-28 2012-08-10 Saint Gobain Isover OUTDOOR BUILDING INSULATION SYSTEM
DE102010043998A1 (en) * 2010-11-16 2012-05-16 Frank Baer Fastening hook for insulation board applied on facade of building for vertical insulation of facade, has facade part and insulation board part detachably connected with each other, where connecting part of facade part is bent from wall part
CN103696516B (en) * 2014-01-14 2015-10-07 石家庄晶达建筑体系有限公司 A kind of cast-in-place compound concrete shear wall of point type drawknot and construction method thereof
DE102015106286A1 (en) * 2015-04-23 2016-10-27 Saint-Gobain Isover G+H Ag System for the internal insulation of buildings, in particular pitched roofs, as well as mounting method for such internal insulation
DE102015106285A1 (en) * 2015-04-23 2016-10-27 Saint-Gobain Isover G+H Ag System for the internal insulation of buildings, in particular pitched roofs, as well as mounting method for such internal insulation
US11840853B1 (en) * 2021-01-29 2023-12-12 Eric Arteaga Bracket for use with cement board siding
EP4174248A1 (en) * 2021-10-26 2023-05-03 Stoyanov, Damian Vassilev Fastening kit for non-invasive fixing of building insulation to a structural component of mechanically fixed cladding, a system including such kit and method for fixing building insulation

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FR2531755A1 (en) † 1982-08-16 1984-02-17 Michelet Andre Component devices for the economic fixing of added curtain walls and cladding of various constitutions and dimensions, especially for reconstituted stone panels with or without external insulation.
DE102004038447A1 (en) † 2004-08-07 2006-02-23 Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll Gmbh & Co. Ohg Roof insulation plate consists of mineral fibers and, within a zone adjacent to the plate surface facing the building structure, is provided with a first impregnation impeding water vapor diffusion

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DE8002534U1 (en) * 1980-02-01 1980-04-30 Promat Gesellschaft Fuer Moderne Werkstoffe Mbh & Co Kg, 4000 Duesseldorf INSULATION BOARD
DE3504110A1 (en) * 1985-02-07 1986-09-04 Karl 7000 Stuttgart Haug Exterior-wall insulating system
DE4434012C1 (en) * 1994-09-23 1996-03-28 Heinemann Herbert Process for producing an insulating molded part to be used in construction
FR2777582B1 (en) * 1998-04-15 2000-06-09 Saint George Andreas Von WALL COVERING ELEMENT
DE20006112U1 (en) 2000-04-03 2000-07-06 Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll-Gmbh, 45966 Gladbeck Building wall
US7399718B2 (en) * 2001-02-26 2008-07-15 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Water-repellent and vapor-permeable multilayer material for outdoor applications
US20050159057A1 (en) 2001-06-06 2005-07-21 Bpb Plc Exterior sheathing weather barrier construction and method of manufacture
DE10261988B4 (en) 2002-07-19 2007-01-25 Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll Gmbh + Co Ohg Insulating layer of mineral fibers
FR2852989B1 (en) * 2003-03-26 2005-05-06 Saint Gobain Isover SYSTEM FOR MAINTAINING AND QUICKLY ADJUSTING THE DISTANCE TO A WALL OF A PROFILE FOR SUPPORT OF A FACING
FI119650B (en) 2004-08-25 2009-01-30 Walki Group Oy Coating for a plasterboard and plasterboard
DE202006001051U1 (en) 2006-01-23 2007-05-31 Meinecke, Bernd Phase change material (PCM) insulation material for buildings
FR2924139B1 (en) 2007-11-28 2012-08-10 Saint Gobain Isover OUTDOOR BUILDING INSULATION SYSTEM

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2531755A1 (en) † 1982-08-16 1984-02-17 Michelet Andre Component devices for the economic fixing of added curtain walls and cladding of various constitutions and dimensions, especially for reconstituted stone panels with or without external insulation.
DE102004038447A1 (en) † 2004-08-07 2006-02-23 Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll Gmbh & Co. Ohg Roof insulation plate consists of mineral fibers and, within a zone adjacent to the plate surface facing the building structure, is provided with a first impregnation impeding water vapor diffusion

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2753426T5 (en) 2024-03-05
EP2225426A2 (en) 2010-09-08
ES2753426T3 (en) 2020-04-08
EA020778B1 (en) 2015-01-30
EP2225426B1 (en) 2019-08-14
EA201070648A1 (en) 2011-02-28
FR2924139B1 (en) 2012-08-10
FR2924139A1 (en) 2009-05-29
WO2009071854A2 (en) 2009-06-11
WO2009071854A3 (en) 2009-09-17

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