EP2225426B2 - System zur aussenisolierung von gebäuden - Google Patents

System zur aussenisolierung von gebäuden Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2225426B2
EP2225426B2 EP08856571.8A EP08856571A EP2225426B2 EP 2225426 B2 EP2225426 B2 EP 2225426B2 EP 08856571 A EP08856571 A EP 08856571A EP 2225426 B2 EP2225426 B2 EP 2225426B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cladding
brackets
sheets
insulating system
insulation
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EP08856571.8A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2225426A2 (de
EP2225426B1 (de
Inventor
Kuba Blazewicz
Patrik Andersson
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Saint Gobain Isover SA France
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Saint Gobain Isover SA France
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
    • E04F13/141—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of concrete

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an insulation system from the outside of buildings, preferably non-industrial with masonry walls, or bricks, or solid or lightweight concrete.
  • the aim is to thermally and/or acoustically insulate the facades of buildings that may have several floors.
  • the insulation consists of rigid panels of mineral wool, generally rock wool, or of organic foam, generally expanded polystyrene.
  • These panels are glued to the exterior wall of the building to be insulated, and generally receive point mechanical restraint elements of the expansive plug type, especially for very high walls.
  • the insulating panels are then covered with an organic or mineral finishing coating, most often with the interposition of a reinforcing insert such as a glass or plastic grid.
  • the panels must be rigid because they are the ones that provide the mechanical properties of the facade cladding.
  • An acceptable resistance to the pressure/depression forces due to the wind is obtained thanks to the gluing and the mechanical retaining means.
  • the surface remains subject to damage by depression or punching during impact with a foreign body on the thin layer of surface coating.
  • Organic foam panels also have the disadvantage of being impermeable to water vapor and therefore do not allow the diffusion of water vapor through the wall.
  • the insulation is contained between frame elements fixed to the wall to be insulated, which can be made of wood or metal, and an external facing is attached via a supporting structure defining at the back of the facing a space containing an air gap connected to the outside.
  • This system is commonly called “ventilated facade”.
  • This construction avoids the risk of condensation and accumulation of humidity in the facade, and thus the proliferation of micro-organisms, algae or fungi.
  • the wooden frame is particularly concerned, because the wood risks degrading under the effect of humidity.
  • the main purpose of the invention is to provide a breathable exterior insulation system, that is to say compatible with the natural tendency of masonry walls to absorb and release moisture depending on the season. , and whose implementation is simplified compared to conventional ventilated facades.
  • the absence of an air gap limits the spread of fire in the event of a fire on the facade.
  • water vapor permeance represents the amount of water vapor passing through the thickness of the material per unit area, time and pressure.
  • the permeance can be measured according to the ASTM E 96 standard, and expressed in “Perm” units, defined as equal to 5.7 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 8 g.Pa ⁇ 1. s -1 .m -2 .
  • Resistance to water vapor diffusion is defined as the inverse of permeance.
  • the permeability which corresponds to the product of the permeance by the thickness of the material considered, is itself an intrinsic characteristic of said material.
  • the water vapor diffusion resistance of a material is also very often related to the water vapor diffusion resistance of a layer of air.
  • the water vapor diffusion resistance index is defined as the ratio between the air permeability and the permeability of the material in question. It is then common practice to express the resistance to diffusion by multiplying this index by the thickness of the material considered, which is equivalent to dividing the permeability of air to water vapor by the permeance of the material considered. .
  • the result expressed in meters and called “equivalent air thickness” (S d ), thus corresponds to the thickness of air having the same permeance to water vapor as the thickness of material considered.
  • the originality of the system according to the invention lies in the fact that the facing plates are considered as active elements in the water vapor diffusion mechanism, whereas this function was hitherto performed by an air gap. inserted into the system.
  • the inventors have considered the breathability vis-à-vis the water vapor of the facing panels and the layers covering them as essential. Thanks to the characteristics of the insulation system of the invention, the exchange of water vapor through the insulated wall of the building is possible according to the alternation of cold (condensation of humidity) and hot (evaporation) periods. Thus, in the system of the invention, water vapor is liable to penetrate into the insulation during the cold seasons, then to be released therefrom during the hot seasons.
  • this breathability makes it possible to do without an air gap.
  • the size and weight of the insulation system are reduced, while avoiding the formation of microorganisms, algae, fungi, molds, etc.
  • the installation of the insulation system is simpler and faster.
  • the facing plates are preferably plates of mineral material resistant to humidity or suitable for use in damp rooms, particularly meeting the H1 classification. They may in particular be based on a binder with hydraulic setting such as plaster in the form of a plate and/or in the form supported on a ribbed expanded metal frame or a metal or other mesh covered in both cases with a thick mortar. This can be made for example of cement, be breathable by the fact that its porosity is high.
  • the plasterboards or the thick mortar may optionally include fillers and reinforcements, in particular in synthetic material in the form of beads (polystyrene or expanded clay), fibres, etc. Certain plasterboards in particular are remarkable in several respects. They are breathable vis-à-vis water vapour. In addition, these plates improve the fire resistance of the system (in addition to the mineral wool), and the acoustic insulation by the principle of "mass-spring-mass", here represented by "plate-mineral wool-wall".
  • the plasterboards have a moisture-resistant plaster core and a surface reinforced with a glass mat covered with an acrylic-type polymer coating.
  • Such plates are described in documents US 6,524,679 , WO2007004066 And WO 02098646 .
  • the resistance to water vapor diffusion of a 12.5 mm thick plasterboard corresponds to an equivalent air thickness S d not exceeding 0.10 m, or even 0.08 Mr.
  • the plasterboards are also available in dimensions of 1200 x 1200 x 12.5 mm in particular, advantageous for transport.
  • Examples of products that can be used according to the invention are plasterboards marketed by the company CertainTeed under the registered trademark GlasRoc.
  • the facing i.e. either the plasterboard or the thick mortar covering the ribbed expanded metal or the metal mesh, as well as the other constituents of the insulation system covering the facing (in particular base layer, finishing coat), must be breathable.
  • the insulation may or may not be directly covered with a rain barrier preventing liquid water from passing through, but allowing water vapor to pass through.
  • the rain barrier therefore consists of a breathable film, an example of which is marketed by the company Du Pont de Nemours under the registered trademark Tyvek.
  • Said constituents of said insulation system covering the facing plates preferably consist of a base covering, a sheet of fabric or grid and a coating, and are in an adhesive relationship with each other as well as with the facing.
  • the base coating is preferably without cement, in particular organic - that is to say completely organic -, in order to avoid the formation of ettringite.
  • the web of fabric or grid advantageously comprises alkali-resistant glass fibers. It has a function of reinforcement and support of the coating, so that the latter no longer reveals the lines of separation between the neighboring facing plates.
  • the coating is advantageously chosen from a silicate and/or silicone coating. This provides a combination of high performance in terms of water vapor diffusion (breathability), impact resistance, flexibility (risk of cracking), resistance to water (rainwater), ultraviolet radiation, algae , dust, industrial pollution (smoke, acid rain), fire (non-flammability).
  • the insulation preferably consists of mineral wool, in particular glass wool, with a density of between 7 and 100 kg/m 3 , and particularly preferably at most equal to 50 kg/m 3 , in particular of between 7 and 50 kg/m 3 or 7 and 40 kg/m 3 , for example of the order of 10 to 30 kg/m 3 .
  • the insulation has a thermal conductivity ( ⁇ ) of the order of 30 to 40 mW/m.K, preferably 30 to 35 mW/m.K.
  • mineral wool is a light product, compressible and in particular transportable in compact form (rolls, etc.).
  • This insulation is not rigid, but on the contrary compressible, which allows the easy positioning of wires, sheaths, cables, pipes or pipes in the insulation, and its rapid cutting.
  • the term "console” means a means capable of ensuring for decades the support and maintenance of the loads to which the facade is subjected.
  • the insulation system of the invention is light, and perfectly compatible with significant facade heights.
  • the profiles having the function of guaranteeing the maintenance, the fixing, the rigidity and a mechanical resistance of high quality can be metallic, provided that they have a minimum resistance to corrosion in exterior (aluminum or steel Z275), in polymeric material possibly reinforced, or similar.
  • the profiles are fixed directly to the first brackets.
  • the insulation rests on them, and is confined in the space delimited by the wall to be insulated, the first brackets and the sections.
  • said sections are fixed to said first brackets via as many second brackets.
  • said first brackets are advantageously made of reinforced plastic with low combustibility, and in particular obtained by extrusion or pultrusion processes.
  • Very many polymers or copolymers are suitable, for example based on isophthalic resin, polyester, polyamide, polypropylene or other polyolefins, acrylic polymers, etc.
  • the reinforcement is advantageously made by glass fibers.
  • the plastic material has an interesting property of thermal insulation, as a thermal bridge breaker which would be established with other materials, in particular metal, between the wall to be insulated and the new facade constituted by the profiles and the plates.
  • the thermal and acoustic insulation of an exterior wall essentially comprises a glass wool blanket (1) and plasterboard (2).
  • the glass wool (1) has a density of 23.5 kg/m 3 and a thermal conductivity ⁇ of 33 mW/mK.
  • the mat is available in rolls of 1200 mm in length (width of a strip). Once unrolled and decompressed, the mattress is available in several thicknesses, including 50, 80, 100, 120 and 150 mm.
  • the facing plates (2) are lightweight plates permeable to water vapour, essentially based on mineral material including gypsum.
  • Mineral facing plates (2) of the GlasRoc type from the company CertainTeed are used, with dimensions of 1200 ⁇ 1200 ⁇ 12.5 mm; their surface mass is 9 kg/m 2 ; it is significantly lighter than a cement board whose basis weight is approximately 13 to 14 kg/m 2 . They preferably have a water-resistant core, covered on each side with reinforcements of glass mats embedded in a layer of polymer-modified plaster, itself covered each time with adhesion of an acrylic coating. Plaster facing panels known for this purpose are described in patents US 6,524,679 And WO 2007 004066 .
  • the plates (2) are screwed to the metal sections (5), by means of galvanized metal screws, not shown.
  • the mineral facing plates (2) are covered with a thickness of 5 mm of organic coating (base coating) marketed by the company Weber and Broutin under the name “Webertherm Arm istsspachtel, zementok, Art. Nr M708”) in which is embedded a reinforcing fiberglass fabric, then a 2 mm thick silicate finishing coating.
  • base coating organic coating
  • the joints between the plates are reinforced with mortar in the space between the plates and the reinforcement grid for about 10 cm.
  • first brackets (3) the support and maintenance of the insulation are mainly ensured by the cooperation of three types of elements: first brackets (3), second brackets (4) and metal profiles (5 ).
  • first and second consoles (3, 4) are arranged every 1.20 m, both according to the height and according to the width.
  • the first bracket (3) is fixed to the wall by means of several screws (7) or the like (only one of which is shown), themselves being able to be associated with dowels introduced into the wall to be insulated.
  • a third flat part (33) connects the first (31) and the second (32) of the first console (3), which it intersects along two parallel line segments.
  • This third flat part (33) mechanically reinforces the first console (3), in particular vis-à-vis the vertical loads to which it is subjected for several years, even several decades.
  • the fixing of the first flat part (41) of the second bracket (4) to the first bracket (3) is made by means of at least one screw (7).
  • the first console (3) is made of isophthalic resin reinforced with glass fibers and pultruded. It is essentially a low combustibility material (reaction to fire A1).
  • the thicknesses of the different flat parts (31, 32, 33) of the first bracket (3) are between 5 and 9 mm.
  • the second console (4) is made of 1.5 mm thick galvanized metal. Besides the first substantially planar part (41), it comprises a second (42) and a third (43), all three being perpendicular in pairs.
  • the third flat part (43) connects the first flat part (41) and the second (42), so that the structure of the second console (4) is reinforced.
  • the first flat part (41) of the second bracket (4) is split to form a slot (44) intended to receive at least a fraction of the end (51) of the metal profile (5).
  • the third flat part (43) is split, forming a slot (45) capable of receiving at least one end fraction of another metal profile (6) perpendicular to the metal profile (5).
  • the shape of the slots (44), (45) is adapted to that of the sections (5), (6), in particular so that the introduction of the latter into the former is done with a certain tightening. Thus, it is possible to adjust their degree of penetration, if necessary.
  • the fixing itself is carried out by means of screwing, for example in the second flat part (42) of the second bracket (4) by means of screws (7).
  • the metal profile (5) is T-shaped.
  • the foot (51) of the T is intended to be brought into coincidence, covering with the first flat part (41) of the second console (4) (in this case, introduction into the slot (44)).
  • the head part (52) of the T forms the flat bearing surface of the facing plates (2). It comprises return wings (53) in the direction of the foot part (51) of the T, intended to be introduced into corresponding grooves (46) made in the second flat part (42) of the second bracket (4) , so as to block the metal profile (5).
  • Grooves (11) are made in the glass wool to prevent its compression - deformation by the protrusion of the second flat part (42) corresponding to the back of the groove (46).
  • the metal profile (5) and/or the other metal profile (6) can also be L-shaped, while keeping most of the functionalities of the T-profiles described previously.
  • An L-shaped metal profile is practical for delimiting all openings: door, opening, window, etc.
  • the wall fixing system described is reliable without requiring gluing of the elements of the insulation, but on the contrary avoiding the use of constituents which block the passage of humidity.
  • the insulation system described is light, easy and quick to assemble, and behaves satisfactorily under the accelerated aging conditions described in ETAG 004: no change in appearance or structure is observed after the cycles heat/rain and freeze/thaw. Satisfactory mechanical strength is retained after these stresses. Its puncture and impact resistance is also excellent.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. System zur Außenisolierung von Gebäuden, umfassend
    - ein Isoliermaterial (1),
    - abgedeckt mit Verkleidungsplatten (2),
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen dem Isoliermaterial und der Verkleidung keine Luftschicht eingefügt ist und dass die Beständigkeit gegenüber Wasserdampfdiffusion der Verkleidungsplatten (2) und eventueller anderer Bestandteile des Isoliersystems, die sie abdecken, einer äquivalenten Luftstärke Sd von höchstens gleich 0,40 m, bevorzugt 0,30 m und besonders bevorzugt 0,20 m entspricht,
    und dass das Isoliermaterial (1) und die Verkleidung (2) getragen und halten werden durch Verband
    - einer Einheit aus ersten Konsolen (3), die an der zu isolierenden Wand befestigt sind,
    - und Profilen (5), die an den ersten Konsolen (3) befestigt sind und eine flache Auflageoberfläche (52) der Verkleidungsplatten (2) aufweisen.
  2. Isoliersystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verkleidungsplatten (2) auf einem Bindemittel mit hydraulischem Abbinden, wie Gips, und/oder geripptem Streckmetall oder einem Metallgitter, das mit einem dicken Mörtel abgedeckt ist, basieren.
  3. Isoliersystem nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gipsplatten (2) einen Gipskern besitzen, der Feuchtigkeit standhält, und eine Oberfläche, die durch eine Glasmatte verstärkt ist, abgedeckt mit einer Polymerbeschichtung vom Typ Acryl.
  4. Isoliersystem nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die anderen Bestandteile des Isoliersystems, dass die Verkleidungsplatten (2) abdeckt, aus einer Basisbeschichtung, bevorzugt ohne Zement, wenn die Verkleidung aus Gips ist, einer Lage Stoff oder Gitter und einer Beschichtung bestehen und miteinander sowie mit den Verkleidungsplatten (2) in einer Haftbeziehung stehen.
  5. Isoliersystem nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschichtung Silikat und/oder Silikon enthält.
  6. Isoliersystem nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Isoliermaterial (1) eine Mineralwolle mit volumenbezogener Masse von höchstens gleich 50 kg/m3, bevorzugt zwischen 7 und 40 kg/m3, bevorzugt eine Glaswolle ist.
  7. Isoliersystem nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Profile (5) an den ersten Konsolen (3) über ebenso viele zweite Konsolen (4) befestigt sind.
  8. Isoliersystem nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Profile (5) in T oder in L sind, deren
    - Fußteil (51) dazu bestimmt ist, mit einem Teil der ersten Konsolen (3) oder zweiten Konsolen (4) in Deckungsgleichheit gebracht zu werden, und
    - Kopfteil (52) die flache Auflageoberfläche der Verkleidungsplatten (2) bildet.
  9. Isoliersystem nach einem einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die ersten Konsolen (3) aus verstärktem Kunststoff mit niedriger Brennbarkeit, bevorzugt aus Isophtalharz, bestehen.
EP08856571.8A 2007-11-28 2008-11-28 System zur aussenisolierung von gebäuden Active EP2225426B2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0759394A FR2924139B1 (fr) 2007-11-28 2007-11-28 Systeme d'isolation de batiments par l'exterieur
PCT/FR2008/052151 WO2009071854A2 (fr) 2007-11-28 2008-11-28 Systeme d'isolation de bâtiments par l'exterieur

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2225426A2 EP2225426A2 (de) 2010-09-08
EP2225426B1 EP2225426B1 (de) 2019-08-14
EP2225426B2 true EP2225426B2 (de) 2023-08-02

Family

ID=39672606

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08856571.8A Active EP2225426B2 (de) 2007-11-28 2008-11-28 System zur aussenisolierung von gebäuden

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2225426B2 (de)
EA (1) EA020778B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2753426T5 (de)
FR (1) FR2924139B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2009071854A2 (de)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2924139B1 (fr) 2007-11-28 2012-08-10 Saint Gobain Isover Systeme d'isolation de batiments par l'exterieur
DE102010043998A1 (de) * 2010-11-16 2012-05-16 Frank Baer Befestigungshaken für Dämmplatten an Fassaden
CN103696516B (zh) * 2014-01-14 2015-10-07 石家庄晶达建筑体系有限公司 一种点式拉结现浇复合混凝土剪力墙及其施工方法
DE102015106286A1 (de) * 2015-04-23 2016-10-27 Saint-Gobain Isover G+H Ag System für die Innendämmung von Gebäuden, insbesondere von Schrägdächern, sowie Montageverfahren für eine solche Innendämmung
DE102015106285A1 (de) * 2015-04-23 2016-10-27 Saint-Gobain Isover G+H Ag System für die Innendämmung von Gebäuden, insbesondere von Schrägdächern, sowie Montageverfahren für eine solche Innendämmung
US11840853B1 (en) * 2021-01-29 2023-12-12 Eric Arteaga Bracket for use with cement board siding
EP4174248A1 (de) * 2021-10-26 2023-05-03 Stoyanov, Damian Vassilev Befestigungssatz zur nicht-invasiven befestigung von gebäudeisolierung an einem bauteil einer mechanisch befestigten verkleidung, system mit einem solchen satz und verfahren zur befestigung von gebäudeisolierung

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2531755A1 (fr) † 1982-08-16 1984-02-17 Michelet Andre Dispositifs de composants de fixation economique pour bardage rapporte, vetures de constitution et dimensions diverses, notamment pour plaques de pierre reconstituees avec ou sans isolation exterieure
DE102004038447A1 (de) † 2004-08-07 2006-02-23 Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll Gmbh & Co. Ohg Dämmelement aus Mineralfasern und Wärmedämmverbundsystem für Gebäudeflächen

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DE3504110A1 (de) * 1985-02-07 1986-09-04 Karl 7000 Stuttgart Haug Aussenwanddaemm-system
DE4434012C1 (de) * 1994-09-23 1996-03-28 Heinemann Herbert Verfahren zur Herstellung eines im Bauwesen zu verwendenden Dämmformteils
FR2777582B1 (fr) * 1998-04-15 2000-06-09 Saint George Andreas Von Element d'habillage de mur
DE20006112U1 (de) 2000-04-03 2000-07-06 Rockwool Mineralwolle Gebäudewand
US7399718B2 (en) * 2001-02-26 2008-07-15 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Water-repellent and vapor-permeable multilayer material for outdoor applications
US20050159057A1 (en) 2001-06-06 2005-07-21 Bpb Plc Exterior sheathing weather barrier construction and method of manufacture
DE10261988B4 (de) 2002-07-19 2007-01-25 Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll Gmbh + Co Ohg Dämmschicht aus Mineralfasern
FR2852989B1 (fr) * 2003-03-26 2005-05-06 Saint Gobain Isover Systeme de maintien et reglage rapide de la distance a une paroi d'un profile destine a l'appui d'un parement
FI119650B (fi) 2004-08-25 2009-01-30 Walki Group Oy Kipsilevyn pinnoite ja kipsilevy
DE202006001051U1 (de) 2006-01-23 2007-05-31 Meinecke, Bernd Isoliermaterial mit Phasenwechselmaterial (PCM) für Gebäude
FR2924139B1 (fr) 2007-11-28 2012-08-10 Saint Gobain Isover Systeme d'isolation de batiments par l'exterieur

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2531755A1 (fr) † 1982-08-16 1984-02-17 Michelet Andre Dispositifs de composants de fixation economique pour bardage rapporte, vetures de constitution et dimensions diverses, notamment pour plaques de pierre reconstituees avec ou sans isolation exterieure
DE102004038447A1 (de) † 2004-08-07 2006-02-23 Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll Gmbh & Co. Ohg Dämmelement aus Mineralfasern und Wärmedämmverbundsystem für Gebäudeflächen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2753426T5 (es) 2024-03-05
EP2225426A2 (de) 2010-09-08
WO2009071854A3 (fr) 2009-09-17
WO2009071854A2 (fr) 2009-06-11
ES2753426T3 (es) 2020-04-08
FR2924139B1 (fr) 2012-08-10
EA201070648A1 (ru) 2011-02-28
EA020778B1 (ru) 2015-01-30
FR2924139A1 (fr) 2009-05-29
EP2225426B1 (de) 2019-08-14

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