FR2949484A1 - Air impermeable partition e.g. ceiling, for constructing e.g. room of air impermeable building, has rigid panels connected together via H-shaped assembling unit to form air impermeable wall element of wall - Google Patents

Abstract

The partition (1) has a wall (2) provided with air impermeable wall elements (3). Two rigid panels (4, 5) are connected together via an H-shaped assembling unit i.e. elongated batten forming section (8), to form each air impermeable wall element. The assembling unit cooperates with the rigid panels by fitting. The assembling unit is fitted on sides by insertion of housings on the corresponding sides. The rigid panels are inclined with respect to one another. Elongated posts (25) are coupled against outer and inner faces of each panel.

Description

The invention relates to an airtight wall for the construction of an impervious building. The invention aims to improve the air impermeability of a building in order to reduce the energy consumption necessary to maintain the temperature of an interior space of the building to a desired temperature, and this, whatever the external climatic conditions to which the building is subject. The invention relates to the field of architecture, building, insulation, structural construction, and more precisely: energy efficiency, energy savings, ventilation of premises, comfort and the health of the occupants, the insulation, the organization of the building sites and the improvement of the working conditions, the control of the construction costs. Currently to heat the interior space of a building, the occupant increases the internal temperature via a thermostat that is connected to a heating network to increase the heat produced by the same heating network. Or, to cool the interior space of a building, the occupant operates an air ventilation device or an air conditioning type device. Whether to increase the temperature or to reduce it, it always leads to an increase in the energy consumption necessary to obtain the desired result. However, if the airtightness of a building was satisfactory, the occupant would not need to increase or decrease the temperature of his interior space. The temperature of the interior space would be constant regardless of the temperature outside the building and little energy would be needed to maintain it. To achieve this result, means of insulation have been used to waterproof the walls of the building vis-à-vis the air. By wall, we mean what defines the exterior of the building and also what compartmental parts between them. By wall is also meant the ceiling, the floor of a room or any other wall (vertical, horizontal, or inclined). The wall defining the exterior of a building is generally formed by a structure forming a frame of the wall. For example, this structure is formed by a superposition of blocks one above the other and one after the other. The blocks can be replaced by bricks. Or this structure can be formed by the arrangement of wooden structures such as timber or other.

The insulation means may be layers of insulating materials such as glass wool, rock wool, boards formed by wood (solid or chipboard). For example, it is known to build solid insulating walls formed by boards stacked against glued solid wood (KLH company) supplemented by other insulation materials. These layers of materials may or may not be reported and superimposed on the inner face and or on the outer face of the structure forming the frame of the wall. However, these different insulating materials offer a random air impermeability system which does not however make it possible to obtain the required airtightness of such a wall. Therefore, to reinforce the air impermeability of the walls, in addition to the use of these insulating materials forming air impermeability system, it is known to use a flexible film of impermeability to air (air or wind screen). This film covers, from the inside or the outside, the structure of the wall equipped with these insulating materials. This film is stretched, stapled or glued and the junctions are completed by adhesive strips also continuous, prior to the completion of secondary exterior and interior works.

This film has a thickness of between 4 and 6 / 10th of a millimeter or a weight comparable to that of a sheet of paper of 90 to 120 grs / m2. It is made of PVC, strong or plasticized paper whose characteristics contribute to a good airtightness. The film is distributed in the form of rolls of great width (1.80 to 3 meters) and are laid by horizontal lez whose superimposed edges are stapled to the structure equipped with insulating materials before receiving a bridging tape guaranteeing the continuity of the air impermeability film of a building envelope on all of its faces. The structural work of the building is thus packaged from the inside or the outside depending on the location of the insulating material.

This film can be placed by simple affixing to the structure equipped by the plastering company when the film is placed from the inside and before the implementation of exterior joinery and drywall. This film can also play according to its characteristics a role of vapor barrier to protect the insulating materials against the risk of condensation depending on the position in the thickness of the wall. Or, this film can be installed by the company of renovation or external cladding when the film is applied on the structure of the wall or rough work of the building and before the installation of the insulating materials when they are outside. The problem with this type of film is that it is very fragile and is subject to various attacks occurring on a construction site. Indeed, this film is usually posed at the same time as the formation of the structural work on the site.

Thus, the film may have holes or may even be torn in places. It is then patched by gluing large pieces such as a patch or using adhesive strips covering the injured area. The impermeability of such a patched film is no longer as perfect as at the beginning of the installation of this film on the site. Despite the precautions taken on site, the film is necessarily subject to almost inevitable deterioration. Despite all these means of insulation, we still can not significantly reduce energy consumption to maintain the interior space of a building at a constant temperature. It is still not possible to prevent air leakage from a building from inside to outside and / or vice versa. To solve this problem, the invention provides for building a wall having an airtight wall which is formed by a plurality of wall members sealingly connected to each other.

This wall advantageously preserves the current techniques of building walls. This wall also makes it possible to reduce in thickness an outer envelope of the building. Indeed, the layer of insulating materials can be significantly reduced because of the presence of the wall according to the invention.

More specifically, this wall is formed by a wall itself formed by a succession of wall elements. Each of these wall elements is formed by a first rigid panel and a second rigid panel connected to each other by sealingly embedding. To do this, in the invention, it is expected to connect the first panel to the second panel through a connecting member forming an airtight assembly means. This assembly means prevents air from passing between the two panels connected by the same assembly means. This assembly means forms a profile which is mounted fixed on a first side of the first panel and fixed on a second side of the second panel to bind the first panel to the second panel. This profile can be mounted fixed simply by embedding the first panel and the second panel in the profile. In fact, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the profile forms a first housing and a second housing whose inner face of each of these housings is in contact with the surface of the first panel and the surface of the second panel. The panels forming the wall are assembled one after the other horizontally, vertically or inclined relative to each other via the profile.

The profile makes it possible to improve the seal between the two panels with respect to a simple edge-to-edge connection of these two panels. The impermeability properties of the wall comprising such a profile can therefore be easily corrected because of the method of assembly by embedding such a wall.

The invention therefore also advantageously to rectify the tightness during construction and delivery of the product. This wall also has the advantage of being resistant to various attacks that may occur on a construction site. Advantageously, the invention also provides elongate amounts disposed on either side of the sealed wall, alternately arranged one after the other. These amounts are contiguous against the waterproof wall. One of the amounts or amount of junction is located in support against the two panels and against the profile. This junction amount reinforces the strength and impermeability of the connection between the two panels.

Between each amount, technical spaces are filled by elongated slats. Each of these smooth is embedded between two amounts. A junction rail is disposed between two uprights at the junction between two panels on the inside of the building. The sequence of the uprights and smooth provides an outer surface and an inner surface of the wall that is smooth and continuous. The uprights and the rails are of the same thickness on one face of a given wall. In a preferred example of the invention, the amounts are regularly spaced relative to each other from one face to an opposite face of the same panel.

In another preferred example of the invention, the posts may be regularly spaced relative to each other from one panel to another panel. The uprights can be symmetrically distributed from one face of a panel to another opposite face of the same panel.

The wall according to the invention is integrated into the structure of the wall symmetrically or not. The elongated amounts can be carriers or non-carriers. The subject of the invention is therefore an impervious wall for the construction of an airtight building, said wall comprising a wall comprising a plurality of wall elements, said wall elements each comprising a first rigid panel and a second rigid panel, the first panel and the second panel being bonded to each other, characterized in that - the wall element comprises an assembly means, said assembly means cooperating by embedding with the first panel and with the second panel, the first panel and the second panel being connected to each other via the connecting means to form said airtight wall element. The invention further has the following features: - the assembly means is embedded in a first thickness of the first panel and in a second thickness of the second panel. - The assembly means comprises a first housing and a second housing, the first panel and the second panel respectively form a first side and a second side each shrunk in thickness, the assembly means is embedded on the first side and on the second side by inserting the first housing and the second housing on the first side and the second side. - The assembly means forms an H so that the first panel and the second panel are connected in a same plane via said connecting means. the assembly means comprises a first housing and a second housing which are arranged in such a way that the first panel and the second panel, housed respectively in the first housing and in the second housing, are respectively located in a first plane and in a second housing; a second plane, the foreground and the second plane intersecting. the assembly means is formed by two U-shaped pieces, one contiguous on one arm of the other. - The assembly means forms a U-shaped part which is equipped with an extension arm against which is placed in abutment the second panel. the first panel comprises a first mortise and the second panel comprises a second mortise, the first mortise and the second mortise extending over a whole height of the panel concerned, the assembly means forms a generally cross-shaped piece with a solid central portion, a first post and a second post, the first post and the second post extending from the central portion and in opposite directions from each other, the first panel and the second panel are joined together to each other by insertion of the first tenon and the second tenon respectively in the first mortise and in the second mortise. the first panel comprises a first mortise and the second panel comprises a second mortise, the first mortise and the second mortise extending over a whole height of the panel concerned, the assembly means forms a generally cross-shaped piece with a solid central portion, a first post and a second post, the first post and the second post extending in a direction perpendicular to each other, the first panel and the second panel are connected to one another; other by insertion of the first tenon and the second tenon respectively into the first mortise and the second mortise. - The wall also comprises an elastic means impervious to air, said resilient means being compressed between the panel and the connecting means when connecting the connecting means to the first panel and the second panel. the wall also comprises elongate amounts which are placed against an external face and against an internal face of each of the panels, the uprights being arranged alternately one after the other from one face to an opposite face of each of the panels, one of the uprights is placed in abutment against the first panel, against the assembly means and against the second panel. - The amounts are partially superimposed on each other. the amounts are fixed to the first panel and the second panel by non-through fastening means. - A rail is interposed between two amounts that follow and are arranged on the same side of one of the two panels. - Each of the amounts is rectangular with the longest side of the section located against the panel. The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows and on examining the figures which accompany it. These are presented only as an indication and in no way limitative of the invention. The figures show: FIG. 1: A schematic representation of an airtight wall, according to the invention; Figure 2: A schematic representation of the assembly of a first panel to a second panel of a wall element of a wall, according to the invention; 3 to 7: Schematic representations of an assembly means according to variants of the invention, and FIGS. 8 to 14: Schematic representations of the construction of an airtight wall, according to FIGS. the invention. Figure 1 illustrates an impervious wall 1 of a building according to the invention. The wall 1 of a building is what delineates an outer periphery of the building to form a closed interior space. Wall 1 is also what makes it possible to compartmentalize two rooms. Or again, wall 1 may be a ceiling or floor of a building.

The wall 1 has an airtight wall 2 forming a wind shield. This wall 2 is formed by a plurality of wall elements such as 3 arranged one after the other. Each wall element 3 is formed by a first rigid panel 4 and a second rigid panel 5. The first panel 4 and the second panel 5 are connected to each other horizontally, vertically, inclined relative to each other. Each of the panels 4, 5 forming this wall element 3 may be formed by a plywood board also called plywood having a low air permeance and obtained from cross-layers of glued wood (or technically equivalent) and to obtain an airtight wall. Each of the panels 4, 5 may be of a preferred thickness of 0.015 to 0.020 m. Each panel can be treated depending on where you want to install it. For example, each panel may be provided for fire protection (fireproof), for a dry or wet, bactericidal, fungicidal, anticryptogamic, etc. Each panel has the shape of a parallelepiped. Preferably, it has a rectangular section and can exist in various dimensions (length x height): 1.22 X 2.50 m, 1.53 X 3.10 m, 1.83 X 3.50 m, etc. and in various thicknesses: 0.005 m, 0.008 m, 0.010 m, 0.012 m, 0.015 m, 0.025 m, 0.030 m, 0.035 m, 0.040 m, etc. Each of the panels can be of wood, plays a role of working sail (bracing), favors all the possibilities of fixing in factory on each one of its two biggest surfaces by notched nails, screws, staples, glues, connector, etc.

Each of the panels 4 and 5 has an outer face 13 outside the building and an inner face 14 inside the building. According to the invention, the first panel 4 and the second panel 5 are connected to each other via an airtight assembly means 8,19,15,22,29, figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. Several types of joining means may exist. A first type of assembly means 8,19,15,22 comprises two housings adapted to accommodate, by recessing, a first panel and a second panel, FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. A second type of connection means assembly 29 comprises two tenons 30,40 through which is inserted, by embedding, the second type of assembly means 29 to a third panel 41 and a fourth panel 42, FIG. assembly 8,19,15,22 and the second type of assembly means 29 may be made of extruded PVC, aluminum, stainless steel or any other material. As a first type of joining means, two sub-types of first joining means can be distinguished. A first sub-type of first assembly means 8 makes it possible to assemble two panels 4,5 between them in the same plane. A second sub-type of first assembly means 19, 15, 22 makes it possible to assemble two panels 44, 16 between them at an angle, that is to say in two intersecting planes, FIGS. 1, 3, 4 and 5. The first sub-type of first assembly means forms a first section 8, Figures 1 and 2. This first section 8 forms an elongated strip extending over a height corresponding to that of one of the panels and a part the length of the first panel 4 and a portion of the length of the second panel 5. This first section 8 may be about 0.030 m long. The height of this first profile 8 is preferably that of one of the two panels on which it is mounted. But the height of this first section 8 may be greater than that of the panel on which it is mounted and cut to measure once installed. This first profile 8 comprises a first housing 9 and a second housing 10 respectively receiving a first side 6 of the first panel 4 and a second side 7 of the second panel 5. The first section 8 is inserted on the first panel 4 and on the second panel 5 so that an inner face delimiting each of the housings 9 and 10 is placed in contact with the first side 6 of the first panel 4 and in contact with the second side 7 of the second panel 5. This first profile 8 has an H-shaped. The first housing 9 and the second housing 10 are made in such a way that the first panel 4 and the second panel 5 are connected to one another in the same plane. A first arm 11 and a second arm 12 of the first housing 9 are of slightly shorter length than the side of the corresponding panel so that there is a clearance 43 between the panel considered and the first section 8. In the example, their length is 0.015 m.

The first section 8 is preferably located in a thickness of the first panel 4 and in another thickness of the second panel 5. To do this, each of the sides forms a panel portion 31 narrowed in thickness relative to the rest of the corresponding panel. This narrowed portion 31 extends along the panel on each side. In one example, the side of the panel is narrowed over a length of 0.017 m on each of the internal 14 and outer faces 13. The first profile 8 does not exceed the thickness of at least one of the two panels 4 or 5 , the two panels 4 and 5 being of identical thickness. The thickness of a given panel is measured along an axis that is perpendicular to a plane in which the panel concerned extends. The first arm 11 and the second arm 12 are located respectively in the extension of the untarred outer face 13 and in the extension of the inner non-shrunk face 14 of the first panel 4. It is the same for the second housing 10 vis- 5. When the first profile 8 is placed against the first panel 4 and against the second panel 5, the wall element thus formed forms an outer face 13 and an inner face 14 which is smooth and continuous. .

Thus, each of the panels is preferably narrowed on each of its four sides to promote the interlocking of a first section such as 8 on each of these sides. The second sub-type of first assembly means allows for corner joints between panels. Several second sub types of first joining means may be designed. In particular, a first second sub-type of first assembly means or second section 19 makes it possible to link a fifth panel 44 and a sixth panel 16 each extending in a third plane and in a fourth plane which intersect with each other. In the example of FIGS. 1 and 3, the second section 19 makes it possible to connect the fifth panel 44 to the sixth panel 16, the fifth panel 44 and the sixth panel 16 being each placed in a plane that is perpendicular to one another. the other. This second section 19 comprises a third housing 20 and a fourth housing 21 each designed to receive the fifth panel 44 and the sixth panel 16. This second section 19 may be formed by a U-shaped part forming inside the U the third housing 20 and outside the U, at the base of the U, the fourth housing 21 as shown in FIG.

In a variant 4, another first second sub-type of first assembly means or third profile 15 may be formed by two U-shaped pieces joined to each other by joining one of the two parts on a two arms of the other form. A fifth housing 17 formed by the first U-shaped part and a sixth housing 18 formed by the second U-shaped part serve to receive respectively the fifth panel 44 and the sixth panel 16. In another variant 5, another first second sub type of first assembly means or fourth section 22 may be formed by a U-shaped part with at the base of the U an extending arm 32 which extends, which extension arm forming a guide for the location of the sixth panel 16. In order to reinforce the tightness of the connection between two panels, a compression band 23, 24 may be provided. It is placed either inside the housings of each of the first types of assembly means 8,19,15,22. This compression band 23,24 is formed by an elastic material which is reduced in thickness when compressed between the corresponding panel and the bottom of the housing concerned. This band prevents air from passing between one of the panels and the profile by filling the space between the end of the panel located closest to the bottom of the corresponding housing and the bottom of the housing. A compression tape is a neoprene foam or polyurethane, rubber, soft neoprene or other. Before compression, the thickness is about 5 to 6 mm and the width is that of the panel. Figure 2 is shown the band 24 comprribande in uncompressed position and the band 23 in the compressed position narrowed in thickness relative to the band 24. Each of the other profiles 19,15,22 is also equipped with bands bands such as 23,24. The second type of assembly means 29 may also include two sub types of second types of assembling means 29,55. A first sub type of second type of assembly means 29 is formed by a generally cross-shaped part with a solid central portion 45, a first pin 30 and a second pin 40, FIG. 6. This first sub type of second type assembly means 29 makes it possible to link two panels in the same plane as the first sub-type of first assembly means 8. The first tenon 30 and the second tenon 40 extend from the central portion 45 and in a opposite direction from each other. This first sub-type of second type of assembly means 29 makes it possible to link the third panel 41 to the fourth panel 42. The third panel 41 and the fourth panel 42 respectively comprise on their side intended to cooperate with the first sub type of second type. assembly means 29 a first continuous mortise 46 and a second continuous mortise 47. The first mortise 46 and second mortise 47 extend over an entire height of the panel concerned and are formed centrally in the thickness of each of the panels concerned . The first mortise 46 and the second mortise 47 form a U in horizontal section of the panel concerned. The first tenon 30 and the second tenon 40 of the first sub type of second type of assembly means 29 are of complementary shape to that of the mortises 46 and 47 to ensure the best airtightness possible when connecting the first sub type of second type of assembly means 29 to the panels 41 and 42 of the wall thus formed. The third panel 41 and the second panel 42 are connected to each other by insertion of the first tenon 30 and the second pin 40 respectively in the first mortise 46 and in the second mortise 47. A second sub type of second type of assembly means 55 may also be provided for assembling two panels 58 and 59 at an angle, FIG. 7. This second sub type of second type of assembly means 55 comprises two pins 56 and 57 each arranged in two planes which intersect and which are here in this nonlimiting example perpendicular to each other. Two mortises 60 and 61 similar to those described 46 and 47 for the second assembly means 29 are also formed by the panels 58 and 59.

Combo bands 48,49 equivalent to those of the first types of assembly means 8,19,15,22 may also be provided. These strips 48,49 are situated at the bottom of the first mortise 46 and at the bottom of the second mortise 47. They are also compressed during the assembly of the third panel 41, the second types of assembly means 29,55 and the fourth panel 42. Each of these second types of assembly means 29 and 55 cooperate as for the first types of assembly means 8,19,15,22 with two panels while being located in a thickness of each of the two panels . Each of the assembly means 8,19,15,22,29,55 as previously described can be beveled at their end to facilitate the cooperation of two profiles between which follow along the panel from one side to another side of this same panel.

On either side of the wall 2 formed by the assembly of the wall elements 3 one after the other, elongate amounts 25 may be provided. These elongate amounts are of parallelepipedal sections. These uprights 25 are preferably of rectangular section with the side of its longest section located against the panel concerned. These amounts may or may not be carrying. The uprights 25 are arranged one after another alternately from an outer face 13 to an inner face 14 of the panel. Each elongate amount is spaced a regular and constant value.

The greatest length of the elongated post 25 is located in the vertical direction parallel to the height of the panel concerned. This arrangement favors the tight assemblies in the workshop of the amounts elongated 25 between them by vertical sliding of the amounts lying on the panel and regular overlap of the layers of the superimposed wall.

At the junction between the first panel 4 and the second panel 5 is placed a junction post 26. Preferably, this junction post 26 is placed on the outer side 13 of the panels. This junction post 26 is placed against the first panel 4, against the first section 8, and against the second panel 5.

Between each elongate upright 25, is placed an intermediate rail 27 which fits perfectly between two uprights 25 against one side of a panel. This intermediate rail 27 is also formed by an elongate parallelepiped block. The wall obtained is continuous and has two smooth and continuous faces. At the junction between two panels and between two uprights 25 on the inner side 14 is arranged a connecting web 28 which also fits perfectly between these two uprights. Intermediate rails and joining rails can be made of wood or metal.

Thus the panels can be connected to each other vertically or horizontally with respect to each other via the assembly means as previously described 8,19,15,22,29,55. Vertical wood studs are placed in empty spaces on the site to provide additional strength, Figure 9.

They guarantee the continuity of the airtight wall. The sealing of the panels is made with the same wall thickness. This wall thus formed is located integrated in the thickness of a wall which may or may not be a carrier. This wall is located in the central axis of the thickness of the wall. The amounts and the rails are fixed by any non-through fastening means such as gluing, screwing, nailing, stapling. The mechanical fasteners are indicated in dashed lines (lag screws, screws, threaded rods, notched nails, etc.).

The elongated posts can serve as a carrier and the load that can be received by a wall formed by such posts can be modified by changing the section of the wall thickness or by the thickness of the elongated posts. The panels are previously prepared in the factory. They are machined on each of their four sides. They can be drilled holes for receiving electrical wires, boxes for sockets or switches, ducts, ducts. These holes are also machined on their edge with a narrowed portion to see to receive a means of assembly of the panel to the outer element (electrical son, housings, ducts). The connection between the panel and these outer elements is provided in a sealed manner by means of the assembly means as previously described 8,19,15,22,29,55 and also by means of the elastic bands 23,24 s compriband adapting to a shape of the hole. The panels can also be cut to delimit reservations for receiving windows, doors, parts of structural assemblies such as chaining, lintels, smooth low, etc. whose thickness is then engraved in that of machined panel. Each contour of the panel (sides delimiting the outer contour of the panel, and possibly sides delimiting the outer contour of a reservation) is machined so as to be reduced in thickness. This windshield element is located in a wall thickness. This wall may or may not be carrying. The wall according to the invention is formed by three layers of materials. A central layer providing a waterproof function and possibly carrier and two outer layers providing a carrier function or not. These three layers are juxtaposed relative to each other The necessary strength of the wall equipped with the sealed wall is obtained by varying the sections of each of the layers for the loads to be received, that is to say by varying proportionally the thickness of the panel and the dimensions of the parallelepipedal section of each of the frame lengths symmetrically elongated or possibly asymmetrical depending on the projects. The construction of a sealed wall is carried out as follows, FIGS. 8 to 14. A lower panel 34 is first placed in abutment against a low rail 50 fixed to a slab 51 and forming a square with a first horizontal surface 52 and a second horizontal surface 53, the first surface 52 being situated higher than the second surface 53. The first panel 34 is placed on this lower rail 50 with its vertical uprights 54 on the outer side placed in abutment against the first surface 52 and its vertical uprights 35 on the inner side placed in abutment against the second surface 53, the windbreak element thus formed being placed on the low rail 50 in the thickness of the low rail 50. The foot of the panel matches the relief of the rail low 50.

Then an upper panel 33 is placed vertically on the lower panel 34 Figures 8 to 14. The elongated amounts such as 54 of the lower panel 34 located on the outer face extend to the top of the lower panel 34 while the amounts 35 located on the inner face of this lower panel 34 do not extend to the top of the lower panel 34. A flat horizontal elongate piece 36 forming a continuous chaining is laid from the inside, against the upper end of the lower panel 34 and against the lower end of the upper panel 33, Figures 10 to 14. Indeed, the upper panel 33 also has uprights 37 on the inner face which do not extend to the end of the lower end, Figure 12. The horizontal piece 36 is then supported vertically against the vertical uprights 35 of the lower panel 34 and against the vertical uprights 37 of the upper panel 33 and horizontally support contr e assembly means according to the invention connecting the upper panel 33 to the lower panel 34. At least one reservation 38 may be provided in a panel, for example the lower panel 34. This reservation 38 is generally provided in the factory to optimize the tightness of the wall formed by such a panel. This reservation 38 can be used to receive a window or a door. When this reservation 38 is used for the formation of a window, at the upper part of this reservation can be mounted another horizontal piece 39 extending over a length greater than the length of the reservation. The length is measured horizontally to a support on which the bottom panel 34 is mounted. This other horizontal part 39 is mounted on the inner face, resting against the lower vertical uprights and against upper vertical uprights of the lower panel 34. found on the site that the impermeability is insufficient that is to say that it does not correspond to the expected sealing results, it can be simply remedied by replacing the profile concerned, or by improving the machining of one of the sides of one of the panels, or replacing the tape. By expected sealing results, it is meant that little air is likely to pass through the wall of the building whose volume once closed, has been pressurized or depressed by means of tests intended to measure the level airtightness of the wall and the building. Thus, when one smokes the interior of a building of a colored smoke, one can visually appreciate the tightness of this building whose volume of air was put in pressure by the quantity of smoke that escapes of the building. Blower door or false door tests or tests are generally used, in particular to measure the air leakage rate (V m3 / h - permissible airflow through the building) according to standards and / or regulations in force (For Standard NF EN13829 = V50 is the air flow of 50 Pa of pressure gradient / For thermal regulation RT2005 = V4 is the air flow of 4 Pa of pressure gradient). In this way, the rate of air exchange at the reference pressure (N50 Vol / hr of air leakage through the building relative to the internal volume is measured for a reference pressure gradient of 50 Pa). The provisions of the process aim to equal and / or improve the target value of Q4Pa-surf of 0.60 m3 / (h.m2) currently corresponding to the European labels BBC-Effinergie, Passivhauss, Minergie, etc. The dimensions of the wall element panel are calibrated at the factory according to the project plan. The panel is never cut on the site. It retains all its integrity in its dimensions and its original geometry for the perfect continuity of the faces of the wall obtained and the contacts sought at the joints.

Claims (1)

CLAIMS1 - Wall (1) impervious to air for the construction of an airtight building, said wall comprising a wall (2) comprising a plurality of wall elements (3), said wall elements each comprising a first panel (4) rigid and a second panel (5) rigid, the first panel and the second panel being bonded to each other, characterized in that - the wall element comprises an assembly means (8,19 , 15,22,29,55), said assembly means cooperating by embedding with the first panel and with the second panel, the first panel and the second panel being connected to one another via the assembly means to form said airtight wall element. 2 - Wall according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting means is embedded in a first thickness of the first panel and in a second thickness of the second panel. 3 - Wall according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that - the assembly means (8,19,15,22) comprises a first housing (17,9,20) and a second housing (18, 10,21), the first panel and the second panel respectively form a first side and a second side each narrowed in thickness, the assembly means is embedded on the first side and on the second side by insertion of the first housing and second housing on the first side and the second side. 4. Wall according to claim 3, characterized in that the assembly means (8) forms an H so that the first panel and the second panel are connected in the same plane via said assembly means. 5 - Wall according to claim 3, characterized in that the connecting means (19,15,22) comprises a first housing (20,17) and a second housing (21,18) which are arranged in such a way that the first panel and the second panel, respectively housed inside the first housing and the second housing, are respectively disposed in a first plane and in a second plane, the first plane and the second intersecting plane.6 - Wall according to the claim 5, characterized in that the connecting means (15) is formed by two U-shaped pieces, one contiguous on one arm of the other. 7 - Wall according to one of claims 5 to 6, characterized in that the connecting means (22) forms a U-shaped part which is equipped with an extension arm (32) against which is placed in abutment the second panel. 8 - Wall according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that - the first panel (41) comprises a first mortise (46) and the second panel (42) comprises a second mortise (47), the first mortise and the second mortise extending over a whole height of the panel concerned, - the assembly means (29) form a generally cross-shaped part with a solid central portion (45), a first tenon (30) and a second tenon (40), the first tenon and the second tenon extending from the central portion and in a direction opposite to each other, - the first panel and the second panel are connected to each other inserting the first tenon and the second tenon respectively into the first mortise and the second mortise. 9 - Wall according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the first panel (58) comprises a first mortise (60) and the second panel (59) comprises a second mortise (61), the first mortise and the second mortise extending over a whole height of the panel concerned, - the assembly means (55) forms a generally cross-shaped part with a solid central part, a first post (56) and a second post (57), the first tenon and the second tenon extending in a direction perpendicular to each other, - the first panel and the second panel are connected to one another by insertion of the first tenon and the second tenon respectively in the first mortise and in the second mortise. 10 - Wall according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it also comprises a resilient means (23,24), said resilient means being compressed between the panel and the connecting means when connecting the means d assembly to the first panel and the second panel. Wall according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it also comprises - elongate amounts (25) which are placed against an outer face (13) and against an inner face (14) of each of the panels, the uprights being alternately arranged one after the other of a face to an opposite face of each of the panels, - one of the uprights (26) is placed in abutment against the first panel, against the means of assembly and against the second panel. 12 - Wall according to claim 11, characterized in that the amounts are partially superimposed. 13 - Wall according to one of claims 11 to 12, characterized in that the amounts are fixed to the first panel and the second panel by non-through fastening means. 14 - Wall according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that a smooth (27) is interposed between two amounts which follow and which are arranged on the same side of one of the two panels. 15 - Wall according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that each of the uprights is of rectangular section with the longest side of the section located against the panel concerned.