EP2525016B1 - Outer wall of building made of dense rock wool - Google Patents

Outer wall of building made of dense rock wool Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2525016B1
EP2525016B1 EP12168276.9A EP12168276A EP2525016B1 EP 2525016 B1 EP2525016 B1 EP 2525016B1 EP 12168276 A EP12168276 A EP 12168276A EP 2525016 B1 EP2525016 B1 EP 2525016B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
panel
mineral wool
wall according
mesh
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EP12168276.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2525016A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Philippe Ndobo-Epoy
Patrik Andersson
Samuel Solarski
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Saint Gobain Isover SA France
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Saint Gobain Isover SA France
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Priority to PL12168276T priority Critical patent/PL2525016T3/en
Priority to SI201230774A priority patent/SI2525016T1/en
Publication of EP2525016A1 publication Critical patent/EP2525016A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2525016B1 publication Critical patent/EP2525016B1/en
Priority to HRP20161507TT priority patent/HRP20161507T1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
    • E04F13/04—Bases for plaster
    • E04F13/047—Plaster carrying meshes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
    • E04B1/7629—Details of the mechanical connection of the insulation to the wall
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
    • E04F13/04—Bases for plaster
    • E04F13/045—Means for fastening plaster-bases to a supporting structure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a building exterior wall of the coated finish type.
  • exterior facades are insulated with lightweight and flexible mineral wool (eg to facilitate the passage of cables or pipes, or to avoid having to repair the wall), no coating can be applied directly to the wool.
  • a plaster support plate is necessary.
  • bracing panel In wood frame houses, the wool is placed between rafters, and an exterior panel is added to ensure the mechanical stability of the house (called “bracing panel”).
  • This panel can be wood (OSB - Oriented Strand Board) or fiber cement.
  • cement plates for example of the type marketed under the trademark Aquaroc® by the company Gyproc
  • plaster for example of the type marketed under the trademark Aquaroc® by the company Gyproc
  • the inventors have sought to use in a safe and sustainable manner a conventional non-elastic cementitious coating, either on inexpensive cement plates having a large dimensional variation with moisture (up to 2.5 mm / m), or on plates attached to a wooden frame that can move with moisture.
  • an outer building wall comprising a mineral wool panel with a density of at least 40 kg / m 3 covered with a three-dimensional grid structure, such as plaster support, grid maintained by fasteners through the mineral wool.
  • a three-dimensional grid structure can be composed of a three-dimensional grid or a two-dimensional grid and a set of spacers in a third dimension.
  • the mineral wool interposed between the coating on the one hand and the structure of the building on the other, such as load-bearing structure in wood frame or support structure of OSB slabs or cement fibers, all likely to deform depending on atmospheric conditions, is sufficiently elastic to withstand all dimensional variations.
  • the mineral wool has no dimensional variation with water or with thermal shocks; it therefore becomes unnecessary to treat the joints, which saves time on site.
  • the mineral wool is light: conventional dense panels of 15mm thick have an approximate density of 2 to 3 kg / m 2 against 13kg / m 2 for cement plates.
  • the insulating nature of wool protects the building structure, including support plates (OSB, cement %) and improves their durability.
  • the interface between the constituent mortar of the coating and the insulation has a bond between the two materials.
  • An insulating material other than mineral wool eg foams
  • foams have significantly higher shear strengths than wool (50kPa for expanded polystyrene versus 1kPa for uncreped mineral wool), means higher mortar / mortar interface stresses for foams.
  • the mortar can move freely without shear stress of the support, which greatly reduces the risk of cracking. Ditto for the frame that can move without causing stress in the wool, so in the coating.
  • the low shear strength value of wool (1kPa) is nevertheless significantly higher than the shear due to the weight of the heavier coatings (0.5kPa), which entails no risk.
  • Uncrimped wool nevertheless has the disadvantage of having a very low tensile strength ( ⁇ 1kPa), so it is not recommended to directly apply a coating without risk of delamination in the event of high winds.
  • a three-dimensional grid structure is disposed on the wool, through which it is attached to the underlying structure; it can preferably be fixed also to the wool.
  • This grid structure comprises a grid including glass, metal or other material resistant to the coating.
  • the structure of the grid allows a simple and fast application of the coating.
  • the three-dimensional glass grid comprises corrugated weft and / or warp yarns, that is to say a yarn follows a curved shape for example in the form of "C” or "S” type, in particular sinusoidal, between the crossing points with two successive threads of the woven network, respectively weft or warp. Its thickness is advantageously at least about 5 mm. His son is partly or almost all of fiberglass. It is coated with polyvinyl resin, epoxy, polyester, styrene latex or acrylic, or coating resistant equivalent.
  • the three-dimensional glass grid is replaced by a two-dimensional grid, generally alkali-resistant metal, associated with spacers that keep the grid spaced from the mineral wool by a distance of approximately 5 mm.
  • the metal grid is also maintained by fasteners passing through the mineral wool, which can anchor in the underlying structure, load-bearing structure of the building and / or support structure plaster.
  • the glass grid is preferred, because lighter, without risk of corrosion or injury during cutting and laying.
  • the thickness of the mineral wool panel is preferably at most 25, particularly preferably 20 mm, and at least 5 mm.
  • the mineral wool panel acts as a resilient layer capable of accommodating the relative movements of the components of the wall.
  • the wall comprises a bracing panel such as a wood panel, including OSB, or fiber cement, attached to a wall or a frame forming part of the wall.
  • the framework is here made of metal, wood, composite such as polymer material with reinforcing, fireproofing or other charges, for ventilated facade; it can be the amounts of a wood frame building.
  • the mineral wool panel and the grid are then preferably fixed by separate or identical means on the bracing panel.
  • These fastening means are conventional, screw type, shapes and dimensions adapted.
  • the grid as well as possibly the mineral wool panel, can (advantageously) be fixed (e) (s), by separate or identical means, on a wall or a frame forming part of the wall .
  • These fixing means may be associated with pegs in a wall in particular. They can be the sole attachment of the glass grid and / or the dense mineral wool panel to the wall, or add to their attachment to the bracing panel, so as to strengthen the mechanical strength of the assembly.
  • Finally can be used unique means of attachment of the glass grid and the mineral wool panel on the wall or the frame, and on the bracing panel.
  • the density of the mineral wool panel is preferably between 80 and 200 kg / m 3 .
  • the density of the mineral wool panel is at least 120, preferably 160 and particularly preferably 200 kg / m 3 , and the mineral wool panel is fixed on a wall or frame forming part of the wall.
  • the dense mineral wool panel can then be the only bracing panel on the building exterior wall.
  • a means is provided for replacing the heavy and dimensionally variable cement plates with very dense glass wool plates and anchoring the grid in a wall or framework.
  • the coating stiffens the surface. This method saves a step in the installation (saving time on site).
  • cement slabs present a risk of moisture management because the diffusion with water vapor is very low.
  • mineral wools are 100 to 150 times more breathable than cement slabs, which reduces the risk of problems in case of water infiltration in the unventilated facade. It is therefore possible to associate these sheets of dense wool with an outer insulation light wool, without having to ensure ventilation, for example with fasteners such as those described in the patent application EP2 194,209 .
  • the density of said mineral wool panel is then preferably at most 300 kg / m 3 .
  • the plaster support grid is then preferably fixed on a wall or a frame forming part of the wall, by fastening means identical to or different from those of the dense mineral wool panel.
  • the wood frame of a house comprises wooden uprights 6 between which is maintained a glass wool 16 of thermal and acoustic insulation, relatively low density ( ⁇ 55kg / m3).
  • the uprights 6 and the low-density glass wool 16 are covered with a bracing panel 4 capable of providing the mechanical strength required for assembly, both in tension (horizontal load, stresses resulting from the wind in particular). in shear (vertical load, weight of the constituents of the wall).
  • a bracing panel 4 capable of providing the mechanical strength required for assembly, both in tension (horizontal load, stresses resulting from the wind in particular). in shear (vertical load, weight of the constituents of the wall).
  • It is an OSB board (Oriented Strand Board) covered with a rain screen (liquid water-tight by means of, for example, a film of suitable breathable polymer material) or a plate made of it. fiber cement.
  • the bracing panel 4 is covered with a 15 mm thick thick glass wool panel 1, then with a layer of plaster 3 10 mm thick formed in a three-dimensional glass grid 2 which constitutes a support.
  • the three-dimensional glass grid 2 is in accordance with the teaching of the patent application US 2010/0000665 . It comprises weft yarns (respectively warp) corrugated between two successive warp (respectively weft), especially in a form of type "C" or "S” between these two son. This corrugation defines a thickness of at least 5 mm. His sons are made of glass fibers. It is coated with poly (vinyl chloride) resin, resistant to the coating. The three-dimensional glass grid 2 is in the middle of the coating 3, which is in adhesion vis-à-vis the panel of dense glass wool 1.
  • the four components 4, 1, 2 and 3 of this set are fixed to each other by screws 7, and the bracing panel 4 to the uprights 6 by screws 9.
  • This figure shows schematically that the glass wool panel Density 1 is able, by its compressibility, to compensate for the moisture swelling deformation of the bracing panel 4, thereby avoiding the formation of cracks or any irregularity on the surface of the wall.
  • the same deformation could as well have been represented in a structure strictly identical to that of the figure 1 .
  • the bracing board 4 of the figure 3 is represented without deformation. Moreover, the wall differs here from that of the figure 2 by fixing the bracing panel 4 on a brick wall 5, and no longer on wooden rafters.
  • the bracing panel 4 is screwed by screws 18 into piles 20 integral with the wall 5. Is represented here the renovation and / or the insulation lining by the outside of the wall 5.
  • the construction of the figure 4 differs from that of figure 5 by the arrangement, between the relatively sparse glass wool 16 and the bracing panel 4, of ventilated air thickness 17.
  • This arrangement requires the adaptation of the attachment of the bracing panel 4 on the wall 5 by means of brackets 10 fixed in the wall by screws and dowels not shown, on which are fixed wooden rafters 11 holding the glass wool 16, the rafters 11 being themselves fixed to the bracing panel 4 by screws 12.
  • the panel of dense glass wool 1 takes the place of single bracing panel.
  • the density of the panel 1 is between 200 and 300 kg / m 3 .
  • the dense glass wool panel 1, the three-dimensional glass grid 2 and the coating 3 are fixed to each other by auxiliary fixing means 13 such as screws. They are moreover fixed together to the wall 5 by the same fastening screws 8 in piles 20 integral with the wall 5.
  • the piles 20 pass through the thin glass wool 16 and a superficial portion of the wall 5. No ventilated air thickness is planned.
  • the coating 3 used here can be chosen with a certain breathability vis-à-vis the moisture likely to be exchanged from the inside of the building to the outside, and the opposite with the seasons, thus putting benefit the same breathability property of glass wool 16 and 1.
  • the construction of the figure 6 differs from that of figure 5 by arranging a ventilated air thickness 17 between the low density wool 16 and the dense wool 1.
  • This arrangement required the adaptation of the fixing of the dense glass wool panel 1 to the wall 5, in a comparable manner to the adaptation shown in figure 4 .
  • the dense glass wool panel 1, the three-dimensional glass grid 2 (and therefore the coating 3) are here fixed together on the rafters 11 by single fastening means 14, such as screws.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 are partial schematic representations of the second main embodiment of the outer wall of the invention, wherein the dense glass wool panel 1, the three-dimensional glass grid 2 and the plaster 3 are fixed together on the wooden rafters 11 (60 mm X 80 mm) of the frame of a ventilated facade, by means of single screws with movable heads 15.
  • the mobility of the heads can be easily obtained by combining a conventional screw and a stainless steel washer 19.
  • the thickness rafters 11 describes a volume of ventilated air 17.
  • the rafters 11 are fixed on a masonry wall not shown by means of unrepresented metal tabs (in the manner of the embodiments shown in FIGS. figures 4 and 6 ).
  • the rafters 11 are deformed ( figure 8 ). This deformation is compensated by the moving heads of the screws 15 and the deformation of the dense glass wool panel 1, so that no visible damage can be observed on the surface of the coating 3.

Description

La présente invention a trait à une paroi extérieure de bâtiment du type à finition enduite.The present invention relates to a building exterior wall of the coated finish type.

Il est ici aussi bien question de bâtiments non industriels, industriels, de rénovation/isolation par l'extérieur de bâtiments à paroi maçonnée, ou de briques, ou de béton, massif ou léger, ou de construction de bâtiments à ossatures bois ...It is also about non-industrial buildings, industrial, renovation / insulation from the outside of buildings with brick walls, or bricks, or concrete, solid or light, or construction of timber frame buildings ...

Afin d'avoir une façade avec une finition enduite, les techniques les plus courantes consistent à utiliser :

  • un mur maçonné recouvert d'enduit
  • une isolation par l'extérieur, constituée de panneaux denses (mousses ou laines minérales) sur lesquels sont directement appliqués des enduits
  • des plaques ciment support d'enduit.
In order to have a facade with a coated finish, the most common techniques are to use:
  • a masonry wall covered with plaster
  • an insulation from the outside, consisting of dense panels (foams or mineral wools) on which plaster is applied directly
  • cement plaster support plates.

Si les façades extérieures sont isolées avec de la laine minérale légère et souple (par exemple pour faciliter le passage de câbles ou de tuyaux, ou pour éviter d'avoir à réparer le mur), aucun enduit ne peut être appliqué directement sur la laine. Une plaque support d'enduit est nécessaire.If the exterior facades are insulated with lightweight and flexible mineral wool (eg to facilitate the passage of cables or pipes, or to avoid having to repair the wall), no coating can be applied directly to the wool. A plaster support plate is necessary.

Dans les maisons à ossature bois, la laine est placée entre chevrons, et un panneau extérieur est ajouté pour assurer la stabilité mécanique de la maison (dit « panneau de contreventement »). Ce panneau peut être en bois (OSB - Oriented Strand Board) ou en fibres-ciment.In wood frame houses, the wool is placed between rafters, and an exterior panel is added to ensure the mechanical stability of the house (called "bracing panel"). This panel can be wood (OSB - Oriented Strand Board) or fiber cement.

Pour les maisons à ossature bois, il est impossible d'appliquer directement un enduit sur du bois. Pour appliquer un enduit, il est possible d'agrafer un écran pare-pluie (bloquant l'eau liquide, mais laissant passer la vapeur d'eau) sur l'OSB, puis de fixer une grille tridimensionnelle (décrite dans la demande de brevet US 2010/0000665 ) attachée sur le panneau d'OSB. La structure tridimensionnelle de la grille facilite l'application de l'enduit. La grille tridimensionnelle peut être remplacée par une grille métallique alcali-résistante épaisse, classiquement utilisée pour la rénovation des maçonneries. Des espaceurs sont alors nécessaires pour assurer que la grille soit dans l'enduit et non plaquée contre le mur support.For wood frame houses, it is impossible to directly apply a coating on wood. To apply a coating, it is possible to staple a rainscreen (blocking the liquid water, but allowing the water vapor to pass) on the OSB, then to fix a three-dimensional grid (described in the patent application US 2010/0000665 ) attached to the OSB panel. The three-dimensional structure of the grid facilitates the application of the coating. The three-dimensional grid can be replaced by a thick alkali-resistant metal grid, conventionally used for the renovation of masonry. Spacers are then necessary to ensure that the grid is in the plaster and not pressed against the support wall.

Pour les maisons à ossature bois ou les façades, il est possible d'utiliser des plaques ciment (par exemple du type commercialisé sous la marque enregistrée Aquaroc® par la société Gyproc), recouvertes d'enduit.For wood frame houses or facades, it is possible to use cement plates (for example of the type marketed under the trademark Aquaroc® by the company Gyproc), coated with plaster.

Il est également possible de fixer un lattis métallique mince tel que décrit dans la demande de brevet FR2769033 sur l'ossature, et de le recouvrir d'enduit. Voir aussi DE 100 08 748 A1 .It is also possible to fix a thin metal lath as described in the patent application FR2769033 on the frame, and cover it with plaster. See as well DE 100 08 748 A1 .

Ces solutions présentent des problèmes sur chantier :

  • les plaques d'OSB ou plaques ciment sont lourdes à manipuler (∼13kg/m2 ou plus) ;
  • si l'OSB est humidifié par de la pluie avant la pose du pare-pluie et la fixation de la grille, la résistance à la traction de l'assemblage vissé tenant la grille va fortement diminuer ;
  • les plaques ciment gonflent avec l'humidité (généralement entre 0.7 et 1 mm/m), ce qui entraîne une contrainte au niveau des joints entre les plaques. Un traitement spécifique des joints est nécessaire, avec du mortier et une double grille de renfort. Avec un enduit organique élastique couteux (épaisseur limitée à quelques mm), il est possible d'éviter les fissures, mais un effet de gondolement est généralement visible. Avec un enduit minéral à base ciment (beaucoup moins cher que l'organique), il est très difficile d'éviter les fissures, car les enduits minéraux fissurent plus facilement en cas de contraintes répétées. En conséquence, les fabricants de plaques ciment sont contraints d'hydrofuger leurs plaques pour limiter les variations dimensionnelles, ce qui se traduit par une augmentation non négligeable du coût de fabrication ;
  • dans le cas du lattis métallique, il faut appliquer une première couche d'enduit épaisse pour rigidifier la structure, attendre au moins une semaine de séchage, et appliquer une deuxième couche d'enduit épaisse, puis attendre à nouveau au moins une semaine avant d'appliquer la finition, ce qui est consommateur en temps. De plus, l'humidité générée par l'enduit lors de son séchage est partiellement absorbée par le bois, ce qui entraîne des variations dimensionnelles et des risques accrus de fissuration. Dans le cas des maisons à ossature bois, le lattis ne peut pas être utilisé pour le contreventement, car trop souple ;
  • dans tous les cas (OSB, plaques ciment, lattis métallique), il arrive souvent que le bois support soit humide au moment de la pose (après une pluie), que ce soit en maison à ossature bois ou en bardage bois pour des façades ventilées. Lorsque le bois sèche, il se rétracte, ce qui entraîne des variations dimensionnelles importantes du support. Aucune plaque ou enduit ne peut alors supporter les variations dimensionnelles, ce qui entraîne des fissures dans l'enduit. La même situation peut arriver à l'inverse, c'est-à-dire quand le bois est sec lors de la pose, puis gonfle suite à un mauvais traitement de point singulier et une infiltration d'eau dans la façade, ce qui mène à nouveau à des fissures. Les solutions présentées précédemment exigent donc un bois initial parfaitement sec et une protection contre la pluie pendant les semaines du chantier. Une attention particulière doit être accordée aux points singuliers (bords de fenêtres, etc...), où la moindre infiltration d'eau dans l'ossature génère des fissures dans l'enduit.
These solutions present problems on site:
  • OSB plates or cement plates are heavy to handle (~13kg / m 2 or more);
  • if the OSB is humidified by rain before the installation of the rain screen and the fixing of the grid, the tensile strength of the screwed assembly holding the grid will greatly decrease;
  • the cement slabs swell with moisture (usually between 0.7 and 1 mm / m), which causes a stress at the joints between the plates. A specific treatment of the joints is necessary, with mortar and a double grid of reinforcement. With a costly elastic organic coating (thickness limited to a few mm), it is possible to avoid cracks, but a curl effect is usually visible. With a cementitious mineral coating (much cheaper than organic), it is very difficult to avoid cracks, because mineral coatings crack more easily under repeated stress. As a result, the manufacturers of cement sheets are forced to waterproof their plates to limit dimensional variations, which results in a significant increase in the manufacturing cost;
  • in the case of metal lath, apply a first coat of thick plaster to stiffen the structure, wait at least one week of drying, and apply a second coat of thick plaster, then wait again at least a week before 'apply the finish, which is time consuming. In addition, moisture generated by the coating during its drying is partially absorbed by the wood, resulting in dimensional variations and increased risk of cracking. In the case of wood-frame houses, the lath can not be used for bracing because it is too flexible;
  • in all cases (OSB, cement slabs, metal lath), it is often the case that the support wood is wet at the time of installation (after a rain), whether it is in wood-frame house or wood cladding for ventilated facades . When the wood dries, it retracts, resulting in significant dimensional variations of the support. No plate or plaster can then withstand dimensional changes, resulting in cracks in the plaster. The same situation can happen in reverse, that is to say when the wood is dry during installation, then inflates due to a bad treatment of singular point and a water infiltration in the facade, which leads again to cracks. The solutions presented above therefore require a perfectly dry initial wood and a protection against the rain during the weeks of the building site. Particular attention should be given to singular points (window edges, etc.), where the slightest water infiltration into the framework generates cracks in the plaster.

Les inventeurs ont cherché comment employer de manière sûre et durable un enduit à base ciment classique, non élastique, soit sur des plaques ciment bon marché ayant une forte variation dimensionnelle avec l'humidité (jusqu'à 2.5 mm/m), soit sur des plaques fixées sur une ossature bois pouvant bouger avec l'humidité.The inventors have sought to use in a safe and sustainable manner a conventional non-elastic cementitious coating, either on inexpensive cement plates having a large dimensional variation with moisture (up to 2.5 mm / m), or on plates attached to a wooden frame that can move with moisture.

Ce but a pu être atteint par l'invention qui en conséquence a pour objet une paroi extérieure de bâtiment comprenant un panneau de laine minérale de densité au moins égale à 40 kg/m3 recouvert d'une structure de grille à trois dimensions, comme support d'enduit, grille maintenue par des fixations traversant la laine minérale.This object has been achieved by the invention which accordingly relates to an outer building wall comprising a mineral wool panel with a density of at least 40 kg / m 3 covered with a three-dimensional grid structure, such as plaster support, grid maintained by fasteners through the mineral wool.

Selon l'invention, une structure de grille à trois dimensions peut être composée d'une grille tridimensionnelle ou d'une grille bidimensionnelle et d'un ensemble d'espaceurs suivant une troisième dimension.According to the invention, a three-dimensional grid structure can be composed of a three-dimensional grid or a two-dimensional grid and a set of spacers in a third dimension.

La laine minérale interposée entre d'une part l'enduit et d'autre part la structure du bâtiment, telle que structure porteuse en ossature bois ou structure support d'enduit en plaques d'OSB ou de fibres ciment, toutes susceptibles de se déformer en fonction des conditions atmosphériques, est suffisamment élastique pour supporter toutes les variations dimensionnelles.The mineral wool interposed between the coating on the one hand and the structure of the building on the other, such as load-bearing structure in wood frame or support structure of OSB slabs or cement fibers, all likely to deform depending on atmospheric conditions, is sufficiently elastic to withstand all dimensional variations.

Avantageusement, la laine minérale ne présente aucune variation dimensionnelle avec l'eau, ni avec les chocs thermiques ; il devient donc inutile de traiter les joints, d'où un gain de temps sur chantier. La laine minérale est légère : des panneaux denses classiques de 15mm d'épaisseur ont une masse surfacique approximative de 2 à 3 kg/m2 contre 13kg/m2 pour les plaques ciment. De plus, le caractère isolant de la laine protège la structure du bâtiment, notamment les plaques support (OSB, ciment...) et améliore leur durabilité.Advantageously, the mineral wool has no dimensional variation with water or with thermal shocks; it therefore becomes unnecessary to treat the joints, which saves time on site. The mineral wool is light: conventional dense panels of 15mm thick have an approximate density of 2 to 3 kg / m 2 against 13kg / m 2 for cement plates. In addition, the insulating nature of wool protects the building structure, including support plates (OSB, cement ...) and improves their durability.

L'interface entre le mortier constitutif de l'enduit et l'isolant présente une adhésion entre les deux matériaux. Un matériau isolant autre que la laine minérale (par exemple des mousses) pourrait être utilisé, mais les mousses présentent des résistances au cisaillement nettement supérieures à la laine (50kPa pour le polystyrène expansé, contre 1kPa pour une laine minérale non crêpée), ce qui signifie des contraintes à l'interface mortier/isolant plus importantes pour les mousses. Dans le cas des laines, le mortier peut bouger librement sans contrainte de cisaillement du support, ce qui diminue fortement le risque de fissuration. Idem pour l'ossature qui peut bouger sans entraîner de contraintes dans la laine, donc dans l'enduit. La faible valeur de résistance au cisaillement de la laine (1kPa) est néanmoins nettement supérieure au cisaillement dû au poids des enduits les plus lourds (0.5kPa), ce qui n'entraîne aucun risque.The interface between the constituent mortar of the coating and the insulation has a bond between the two materials. An insulating material other than mineral wool (eg foams) could be used, but foams have significantly higher shear strengths than wool (50kPa for expanded polystyrene versus 1kPa for uncreped mineral wool), means higher mortar / mortar interface stresses for foams. In the case of wool, the mortar can move freely without shear stress of the support, which greatly reduces the risk of cracking. Ditto for the frame that can move without causing stress in the wool, so in the coating. The low shear strength value of wool (1kPa) is nevertheless significantly higher than the shear due to the weight of the heavier coatings (0.5kPa), which entails no risk.

Les laines non crêpées présentent néanmoins l'inconvénient d'avoir une résistance en traction très faible (<1kPa), de sorte qu'il n'est pas recommandé d'appliquer directement un enduit sans risque de délamination en cas de vents violents. Afin d'assurer une tenue mécanique durable de l'enduit appliqué sur ce type de laine, une structure de grille à trois dimensions est disposée sur la laine, à travers laquelle elle est fixée à la structure sous-jacente ; elle peut de préférence être fixée également à la laine.Uncrimped wool nevertheless has the disadvantage of having a very low tensile strength (<1kPa), so it is not recommended to directly apply a coating without risk of delamination in the event of high winds. In order to ensure a durable mechanical strength of the coating applied to this type of wool, a three-dimensional grid structure is disposed on the wool, through which it is attached to the underlying structure; it can preferably be fixed also to the wool.

Cette structure de grille comprend une grille notamment de verre, métallique ou autre matériau résistant à l'enduit.This grid structure comprises a grid including glass, metal or other material resistant to the coating.

Suivant une réalisation, il peut s'agir d'une grille tridimensionnelle formée à partir d'un tissu de verre, telle que décrite dans les demandes de brevet US 2010/0000665 précitée, ou WO 2005/060691 , chacune incorporée par référence, qui est placée sur la laine et ancrée dans la paroi, grâce à des vis traversant la laine. La structure tridimensionnelle de la grille permet une application simple et rapide de l'enduit. La grille de verre tridimensionnelle comprend des fils de trame et/ou de chaîne ondulés, c'est-à-dire qu'un fil suit une forme courbe par exemple en forme de type « C » ou « S », notamment sinusoïdale, entre les points de croisement avec deux fils successifs du réseau tissé, respectivement trame ou chaîne. Son épaisseur est avantageusement d'au moins environ 5 mm. Ses fils sont en partie ou en quasi-totalité constitués de fibres de verre. Elle est enduite de résine de type polyvinylique, époxy, polyester, latex styrénique ou acrylique, ou équivalent résistant à l'enduit.In one embodiment, it may be a three-dimensional grid formed from a glass fabric, as described in patent applications. US 2010/0000665 aforementioned, or WO 2005/060691 , each incorporated by reference, which is placed on the wool and anchored in the wall, through screws through the wool. The three-dimensional structure of the grid allows a simple and fast application of the coating. The three-dimensional glass grid comprises corrugated weft and / or warp yarns, that is to say a yarn follows a curved shape for example in the form of "C" or "S" type, in particular sinusoidal, between the crossing points with two successive threads of the woven network, respectively weft or warp. Its thickness is advantageously at least about 5 mm. His son is partly or almost all of fiberglass. It is coated with polyvinyl resin, epoxy, polyester, styrene latex or acrylic, or coating resistant equivalent.

Dans une autre réalisation, la grille de verre tridimensionnelle est remplacée par une grille bidimensionnelle, généralement métallique alcali-résistante, associée à des espaceurs qui maintiennent la grille écartée de la laine minérale d'une distance approximative de 5 mm. La grille métallique est par ailleurs maintenue par des fixations traversant la laine minérale, qui peuvent s'ancrer dans la structure sous-jacente, structure porteuse du bâtiment et/ou structure support d'enduit.In another embodiment, the three-dimensional glass grid is replaced by a two-dimensional grid, generally alkali-resistant metal, associated with spacers that keep the grid spaced from the mineral wool by a distance of approximately 5 mm. The metal grid is also maintained by fasteners passing through the mineral wool, which can anchor in the underlying structure, load-bearing structure of the building and / or support structure plaster.

Cependant, la grille de verre est préférée, car plus légère, sans risque de corrosion ni de blessure pendant la découpe et la pose.However, the glass grid is preferred, because lighter, without risk of corrosion or injury during cutting and laying.

L'épaisseur du panneau de laine minérale est de préférence au plus égale à 25, de manière particulièrement préférée 20 mm, et au moins égale à 5 mm.The thickness of the mineral wool panel is preferably at most 25, particularly preferably 20 mm, and at least 5 mm.

Dans cette gamme d'épaisseurs, le panneau de laine minérale joue un rôle de couche résiliente apte à accommoder les mouvements relatifs des composants de la paroi.In this range of thicknesses, the mineral wool panel acts as a resilient layer capable of accommodating the relative movements of the components of the wall.

Selon une première réalisation principale de l'invention, la paroi comprend un panneau de contreventement tel qu'un panneau en bois, notamment OSB, ou en fibres-ciment, fixé sur un mur ou une ossature faisant partie de la paroi. L'ossature est ici en métal, bois, composite tel que matériau polymère à charges de renforcement, d'ignifugation ou autre, pour façade ventilée ; il peut s'agir des montants d'un bâtiment à ossature bois.According to a first main embodiment of the invention, the wall comprises a bracing panel such as a wood panel, including OSB, or fiber cement, attached to a wall or a frame forming part of the wall. The framework is here made of metal, wood, composite such as polymer material with reinforcing, fireproofing or other charges, for ventilated facade; it can be the amounts of a wood frame building.

Le panneau de laine minérale et la grille sont alors fixés, de préférence, par des moyens distincts ou identiques, sur le panneau de contreventement. Ces moyens de fixation sont classiques, de type vis, de formes et dimensions adaptées.The mineral wool panel and the grid are then preferably fixed by separate or identical means on the bracing panel. These fastening means are conventional, screw type, shapes and dimensions adapted.

D'autre part, la grille, ainsi qu'éventuellement le panneau de laine minérale, peut (peuvent) avantageusement être fixé(e)(s), par des moyens distincts ou identiques, sur un mur ou une ossature faisant partie de la paroi. Ces moyens de fixation peuvent être associés à des chevilles dans un mur notamment. Ils peuvent constituer l'unique fixation de la grille de verre et/ou du panneau de laine minérale dense à la paroi, ou s'ajouter à leur fixation sur le panneau de contreventement, de manière à renforcer la résistance mécanique de l'assemblage. Enfin peuvent être employés des moyens de fixation uniques de la grille de verre et du panneau de laine minérale sur le mur ou l'ossature, et sur le panneau de contreventement.On the other hand, the grid, as well as possibly the mineral wool panel, can (advantageously) be fixed (e) (s), by separate or identical means, on a wall or a frame forming part of the wall . These fixing means may be associated with pegs in a wall in particular. They can be the sole attachment of the glass grid and / or the dense mineral wool panel to the wall, or add to their attachment to the bracing panel, so as to strengthen the mechanical strength of the assembly. Finally can be used unique means of attachment of the glass grid and the mineral wool panel on the wall or the frame, and on the bracing panel.

Dans cette première réalisation principale de la paroi de l'invention, la densité du panneau de laine minérale est comprise de préférence entre 80 et 200 kg/m3.In this first main embodiment of the wall of the invention, the density of the mineral wool panel is preferably between 80 and 200 kg / m 3 .

Selon une seconde réalisation principale de la paroi de l'invention, la densité du panneau de laine minérale est au moins égale à 120, de préférence 160 et de manière particulièrement préférée 200 kg/m3, et le panneau de laine minérale est fixé sur un mur ou une ossature faisant partie de la paroi. Le panneau de laine minérale dense peut alors constituer l'unique panneau de contreventement de la paroi extérieure de bâtiment. Ainsi met-on à disposition un moyen pour remplacer les plaques ciment, lourdes et subissant des variations dimensionnelles, par des plaques en laine de verre très denses, et ancrer la grille dans un mur ou une ossature. L'enduit rigidifie la surface. Cette méthode permet de gagner une étape dans la pose (gain de temps sur chantier). De plus, dans le cas d'une façade non ventilée, les plaques ciment présentent un risque de gestion d'humidité, car la diffusion à la vapeur d'eau est très faible. Au contraire, les laines minérales sont 100 à 150 fois plus respirables que les plaques ciment, ce qui diminue d'autant le risque de problèmes en cas d'infiltration d'eau dans la façade non ventilée. Il est donc possible d'associer ces plaques en laine dense à une isolation extérieure en laine légère, sans avoir à assurer une ventilation, par exemple avec des fixations telles que celles décrites dans la demande de brevet EP2 194 209 . Cela permet un gain de temps important, la pose des façades ventilées classiques, connue de l'homme de l'art, étant relativement longue et compliquée (calepinage des fixations, c'est-à-dire calcul du nombre de fixations à utiliser ainsi que leur positionnement exact sur la façade, pose de l'ossature, pose et découpe de l'isolant, réglage de l'ossature, pose des plaques de parement...).According to a second main embodiment of the wall of the invention, the density of the mineral wool panel is at least 120, preferably 160 and particularly preferably 200 kg / m 3 , and the mineral wool panel is fixed on a wall or frame forming part of the wall. The dense mineral wool panel can then be the only bracing panel on the building exterior wall. Thus, a means is provided for replacing the heavy and dimensionally variable cement plates with very dense glass wool plates and anchoring the grid in a wall or framework. The coating stiffens the surface. This method saves a step in the installation (saving time on site). In addition, in the case of a non-ventilated facade, cement slabs present a risk of moisture management because the diffusion with water vapor is very low. On the contrary, mineral wools are 100 to 150 times more breathable than cement slabs, which reduces the risk of problems in case of water infiltration in the unventilated facade. It is therefore possible to associate these sheets of dense wool with an outer insulation light wool, without having to ensure ventilation, for example with fasteners such as those described in the patent application EP2 194,209 . This saves a lot of time, the laying of conventional ventilated facades, known to those skilled in the art, being relatively long and complicated (layout of the fasteners, that is to say calculation of the number of fasteners to use as well that their exact positioning on the facade, poses the framework, laying and cutting of the insulator, adjustment of the frame, laying of plates of facing ...).

La densité dudit panneau de laine minérale est alors de préférence d'au plus 300 kg/m3.The density of said mineral wool panel is then preferably at most 300 kg / m 3 .

La grille support d'enduit est alors de préférence fixée sur un mur ou une ossature faisant partie de la paroi, par des moyens de fixation identiques ou différents de ceux du panneau de laine minérale dense.The plaster support grid is then preferably fixed on a wall or a frame forming part of the wall, by fastening means identical to or different from those of the dense mineral wool panel.

Selon deux caractéristiques préférées de la paroi extérieure de l'invention :

  • le panneau de laine minérale recouvre directement ou indirectement une autre épaisseur de laine minérale ; cette autre épaisseur peut être constituée d'une laine moins ou relativement peu dense, par exemple placée entre montants constituant une ossature bois d'un bâtiment ; le recouvrement indirect fait ici référence à l'interposition d'un autre matériau, par exemple un panneau de contreventement en un matériau autre que laine minérale dense, en particulier en OSB ou plaque ciment ;
  • le panneau de laine minérale recouvre directement ou indirectement une épaisseur d'air, notamment ventilé.
According to two preferred features of the outer wall of the invention:
  • the mineral wool panel directly or indirectly covers another layer of mineral wool; this other thickness may consist of a wool less or relatively low density, for example placed between uprights constituting a wood frame of a building; the indirect covering here refers to the interposition of another material, for example a bracing panel made of a material other than dense mineral wool, in particular OSB or cementitious sheet;
  • the mineral wool panel directly or indirectly covers an air thickness, especially ventilated.

D'autres objets de l'invention sont :

  • un bâtiment à ossature bois comprenant une paroi extérieure décrite précédemment ;
  • une façade ventilée comprenant une telle paroi extérieure ;
  • un doublage d'isolation par l'extérieur comprenant une telle paroi extérieure ; et
  • un panneau de laine minérale, susceptible d'être intégré dans une telle paroi, et comportant sur une face une structure de grille à trois dimensions attachée à la laine par moyen mécanique et/ou adhésif.
Other objects of the invention are:
  • a wood frame building comprising an outer wall described above;
  • a ventilated facade comprising such an outer wall;
  • an insulation lining from the outside comprising such an outer wall; and
  • a mineral wool panel, capable of being integrated in such a wall, and having on one side a three-dimensional grid structure attached to the wool by mechanical and / or adhesive means.

L'invention est maintenant illustrée par les dessins annexés, dans lesquels

  • la figure 1 représente schématiquement la première réalisation principale de la paroi extérieure de l'invention, dans le cas d'une maison à ossature bois ;
  • la figure 2 représente une construction analogue en cas de déformation de la plaque de contreventement ;
  • la figure 3 représente la première réalisation principale de la paroi extérieure dans le cas d'un mur en briques ;
  • la figure 4 représente une construction qui diffère de celle de la figure 3 par l'aménagement d'une épaisseur d'air ventilé ;
  • les figures 5 et 6 représentent schématiquement la seconde réalisation principale de la paroi extérieure de bâtiment dans le cas d'un mur en briques, sans, respectivement avec lame d'air ventilé ;
  • la figure 7 est une représentation partielle de la seconde réalisation principale de la paroi selon l'invention, dans le cas d'une façade ventilée à ossature bois ; et
  • la figure 8 reproduit la figure 7 dans le cas d'une déformation de l'ossature bois.
The invention is now illustrated by the accompanying drawings, in which
  • the figure 1 schematically represents the first main embodiment of the outer wall of the invention, in the case of a timber frame house;
  • the figure 2 represents a similar construction in case of deformation of the bracing plate;
  • the figure 3 represents the first main embodiment of the outer wall in the case of a brick wall;
  • the figure 4 represents a construction that differs from that of the figure 3 by arranging a ventilated air thickness;
  • the Figures 5 and 6 schematically represent the second main embodiment of the outer building wall in the case of a brick wall, without, respectively with ventilated air gap;
  • the figure 7 is a partial representation of the second main embodiment of the wall according to the invention, in the case of a ventilated facade wood frame; and
  • the figure 8 reproduces the figure 7 in the case of a deformation of the wood frame.

Comme montré sur la figure 1, l'ossature bois d'une maison comporte des montants 6 en bois entre lesquels est maintenue une laine de verre 16 d'isolation thermique et acoustique, relativement peu dense (<55kg/m3).As shown on the figure 1 the wood frame of a house comprises wooden uprights 6 between which is maintained a glass wool 16 of thermal and acoustic insulation, relatively low density (<55kg / m3).

Les montants 6 et la laine de verre peu dense 16 sont recouverts d'un panneau de contreventement 4 apte à procurer la résistance mécanique requise à l'assemblage, aussi bien en traction (charge horizontale, contraintes résultant du vent notamment) qu'en cisaillement (charge verticale, poids des constituants de la paroi). Il s'agit d'un panneau d'OSB (Oriented Strand Board) revêtu d'un pare-pluie (étanchéité à l'eau liquide au moyen par exemple d'un film de matériau polymère respirant adapté) ou d'une plaque en fibres-ciment.The uprights 6 and the low-density glass wool 16 are covered with a bracing panel 4 capable of providing the mechanical strength required for assembly, both in tension (horizontal load, stresses resulting from the wind in particular). in shear (vertical load, weight of the constituents of the wall). It is an OSB board (Oriented Strand Board) covered with a rain screen (liquid water-tight by means of, for example, a film of suitable breathable polymer material) or a plate made of it. fiber cement.

Le panneau de contreventement 4 est recouvert d'un panneau de laine de verre dense 1 de 15 mm d'épaisseur, puis d'une couche d'enduit 3 de 10 mm d'épaisseur formée dans une grille de verre tridimensionnelle 2 qui en constitue un support. La grille de verre tridimensionnelle 2 est conforme à l'enseignement de la demande de brevet US 2010/0000665 . Elle comprend des fils de trame (respectivement chaîne) ondulés entre deux fils de chaîne (respectivement trame) successifs, notamment suivant une forme de type « C » ou « S » entre ces deux fils. Cette ondulation définit une épaisseur d'au moins 5 mm. Ses fils sont constitués de fibres de verre. Elle est enduite de résine de poly(chlorure de vinyle), résistant à l'enduit. La grille de verre tridimensionnelle 2 est au milieu de l'enduit 3, qui est en adhésion vis-à-vis du panneau de laine de verre dense 1.The bracing panel 4 is covered with a 15 mm thick thick glass wool panel 1, then with a layer of plaster 3 10 mm thick formed in a three-dimensional glass grid 2 which constitutes a support. The three-dimensional glass grid 2 is in accordance with the teaching of the patent application US 2010/0000665 . It comprises weft yarns (respectively warp) corrugated between two successive warp (respectively weft), especially in a form of type "C" or "S" between these two son. This corrugation defines a thickness of at least 5 mm. His sons are made of glass fibers. It is coated with poly (vinyl chloride) resin, resistant to the coating. The three-dimensional glass grid 2 is in the middle of the coating 3, which is in adhesion vis-à-vis the panel of dense glass wool 1.

L'ensemble ainsi constitué du panneau de contreventement 4, du panneau de laine de verre dense 1, de la grille de verre tridimensionnelle 2 et de l'enduit 3, est fixé sur les montants 6 par des vis 8. Toutes les vis, dans cette figure et les suivantes, sont associées à des rondelles 19.The assembly thus formed of the bracing panel 4, the dense glass wool panel 1, the three-dimensional glass grid 2 and the coating 3 is fixed on the uprights 6 by screws 8. All the screws, in this figure and the following, are associated with washers 19.

A la figure 2, les quatre constituants 4, 1, 2 et 3 de cet ensemble sont fixés les uns aux autres par des vis 7, et le panneau de contreventement 4 aux montants 6 par des vis 9. Cette figure montre schématiquement que le panneau de laine de verre dense 1 est apte, par sa compressibilité, à compenser la déformation par gonflement à l'humidité du panneau de contreventement 4, permettant ainsi d'éviter la formation de fissures ou toute irrégularité à la surface de la paroi. La même déformation aurait aussi bien pu être représentée dans une structure strictement identique à celle de la figure 1.To the figure 2 , the four components 4, 1, 2 and 3 of this set are fixed to each other by screws 7, and the bracing panel 4 to the uprights 6 by screws 9. This figure shows schematically that the glass wool panel Density 1 is able, by its compressibility, to compensate for the moisture swelling deformation of the bracing panel 4, thereby avoiding the formation of cracks or any irregularity on the surface of the wall. The same deformation could as well have been represented in a structure strictly identical to that of the figure 1 .

Le panneau de contreventement 4 de la figure 3 est représenté sans déformation. Par ailleurs la paroi diffère ici de celle de la figure 2 par la fixation du panneau de contreventement 4 sur un mur en briques 5, et non plus sur des chevrons en bois. Le panneau de contreventement 4 est vissé par des vis 18 dans des pieux 20 solidaires du mur 5. Est représenté ici la rénovation et/ou le doublage d'isolation par l'extérieur du mur 5.The bracing board 4 of the figure 3 is represented without deformation. Moreover, the wall differs here from that of the figure 2 by fixing the bracing panel 4 on a brick wall 5, and no longer on wooden rafters. The bracing panel 4 is screwed by screws 18 into piles 20 integral with the wall 5. Is represented here the renovation and / or the insulation lining by the outside of the wall 5.

La construction de la figure 4 diffère de celle de la figure 5 par l'aménagement, entre la laine de verre 16 relativement peu dense et le panneau de contreventement 4, d'une épaisseur d'air ventilé 17. Cet aménagement nécessite l'adaptation de la fixation du panneau de contreventement 4 sur le mur 5 au moyen d'équerres 10 fixées dans le mur par des vis et chevilles non représentées, sur lesquelles sont fixés des chevrons 11 en bois maintenant la laine de verre 16, les chevrons 11 étant eux-mêmes fixés au panneau de contreventement 4 par des vis 12.The construction of the figure 4 differs from that of figure 5 by the arrangement, between the relatively sparse glass wool 16 and the bracing panel 4, of ventilated air thickness 17. This arrangement requires the adaptation of the attachment of the bracing panel 4 on the wall 5 by means of brackets 10 fixed in the wall by screws and dowels not shown, on which are fixed wooden rafters 11 holding the glass wool 16, the rafters 11 being themselves fixed to the bracing panel 4 by screws 12.

Dans les parois des figures 5 et suivantes, le panneau de laine de verre dense 1 tient lieu d'unique panneau de contreventement. La densité du panneau 1 est comprise entre 200 et 300 kg/m3. Sur la figure 5, le panneau de laine de verre dense 1, la grille de verre tridimensionnelle 2 et l'enduit 3 sont fixés les uns aux autres par des moyens auxiliaires de fixation 13 tels que des vis. Ils sont de plus fixés ensemble au mur 5 par les mêmes vis 8 de fixation dans des pieux 20 solidaires du mur 5. Les pieux 20 traversent l'épaisseur de laine de verre 16 peu dense, et d'une partie superficielle du mur 5. Aucune épaisseur d'air ventilé n'est prévue. L'enduit 3 utilisé ici peut être choisi avec une certaine respirabilité vis-à-vis de l'humidité susceptible d'être échangée de l'intérieur du bâtiment vers l'extérieur, et l'inverse au gré des saisons, mettant ainsi à profit la même propriété de respirabilité de la laine de verre 16 et 1.In the walls of figures 5 and following, the panel of dense glass wool 1 takes the place of single bracing panel. The density of the panel 1 is between 200 and 300 kg / m 3 . On the figure 5 , the dense glass wool panel 1, the three-dimensional glass grid 2 and the coating 3 are fixed to each other by auxiliary fixing means 13 such as screws. They are moreover fixed together to the wall 5 by the same fastening screws 8 in piles 20 integral with the wall 5. The piles 20 pass through the thin glass wool 16 and a superficial portion of the wall 5. No ventilated air thickness is planned. The coating 3 used here can be chosen with a certain breathability vis-à-vis the moisture likely to be exchanged from the inside of the building to the outside, and the opposite with the seasons, thus putting benefit the same breathability property of glass wool 16 and 1.

La construction de la figure 6 diffère de celle de la figure 5 par l'aménagement d'une épaisseur d'air ventilé 17 entre la laine peu dense 16 et la laine dense 1. Cet aménagement a nécessité l'adaptation de la fixation du panneau de laine de verre dense 1 au mur 5, de manière comparable à l'adaptation représentée à la figure 4. En pratique, le panneau de laine de verre dense 1, la grille de verre tridimensionnelle 2 (et donc l'enduit 3) sont ici fixés ensemble sur les chevrons 11 par des moyens de fixation 14 uniques, tels que des vis.The construction of the figure 6 differs from that of figure 5 by arranging a ventilated air thickness 17 between the low density wool 16 and the dense wool 1. This arrangement required the adaptation of the fixing of the dense glass wool panel 1 to the wall 5, in a comparable manner to the adaptation shown in figure 4 . In practice, the dense glass wool panel 1, the three-dimensional glass grid 2 (and therefore the coating 3) are here fixed together on the rafters 11 by single fastening means 14, such as screws.

Les figures 7 et 8 sont des représentations schématiques partielles de la seconde réalisation principale de la paroi extérieure de l'invention, dans laquelle le panneau de laine de verre dense 1, la grille de verre tridimensionnelle 2 et l'enduit 3 sont fixés ensemble sur les chevrons en bois 11 (60 mm X 80 mm) de l'ossature d'une façade ventilée, au moyen de vis uniques à têtes mobiles 15. La mobilité des têtes peut être facilement obtenue en associant une vis classique et une rondelle métallique inoxydable 19. L'épaisseur des chevrons 11 décrit un volume d'air ventilé 17. Les chevrons 11 sont fixés sur un mur maçonné non représenté au moyen de pattes métalliques non représentées (à la manière des réalisations montrées sur les figures 4 et 6).The Figures 7 and 8 are partial schematic representations of the second main embodiment of the outer wall of the invention, wherein the dense glass wool panel 1, the three-dimensional glass grid 2 and the plaster 3 are fixed together on the wooden rafters 11 (60 mm X 80 mm) of the frame of a ventilated facade, by means of single screws with movable heads 15. The mobility of the heads can be easily obtained by combining a conventional screw and a stainless steel washer 19. The thickness rafters 11 describes a volume of ventilated air 17. The rafters 11 are fixed on a masonry wall not shown by means of unrepresented metal tabs (in the manner of the embodiments shown in FIGS. figures 4 and 6 ).

En présence d'humidité, les chevrons 11 se déforment (figure 8). Cette déformation est compensée par les têtes mobiles des vis 15 et la déformation du panneau de laine de verre dense 1, de telle sorte qu'aucune altération visible ne peut être constatée à la surface de l'enduit 3.In the presence of moisture, the rafters 11 are deformed ( figure 8 ). This deformation is compensated by the moving heads of the screws 15 and the deformation of the dense glass wool panel 1, so that no visible damage can be observed on the surface of the coating 3.

On obtient les mêmes effets en remplaçant, dans les figures 7 et 8, les chevrons 11 d'une ossature bois de façade ventilée, par des montants (60 mm X 140 mm) d'une maison ossature bois, et le volume d'air ventilé 17 par une autre épaisseur de laine minérale, notamment relativement peu dense, placée entre les montants.The same effects are obtained by replacing, in the Figures 7 and 8 , the rafters 11 of a ventilated facade timber frame, by amounts (60 mm X 140 mm) of a wooden frame house, and the volume of air ventilated 17 by another thickness of mineral wool, including relatively sparse , placed between the amounts.

Claims (25)

  1. Building outer wall comprising a mineral wool panel (1) with a density of at least 40 kg/m3 covered by a three-dimensional mesh structure (2) as support for render (3), the mesh (2) being held by fixings (7, 8, 14, 15) passing through the mineral wool (1).
  2. Wall according to Claim 1, characterized in that the three-dimensional mesh structure consists of a three-dimensional mesh or of a two-dimensional mesh and a set of spacers arranged in a third dimension.
  3. Wall according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mesh (2) is three-dimensional and is formed from a glass fabric.
  4. Wall according to Claim 3, characterized in that the mesh comprises undulated weft and/or warp threads, for example "C"-shaped or "S"-shaped and in particular sinusoidal, between the intersection points with two successive threads, respectively weft or warp threads, of the woven network.
  5. Wall according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mesh (2) is an alkali-resistant metal and is associated with spacers.
  6. Wall according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the mesh is attached on the one hand to an underlying structure of the wall by said fixings passing through the mineral wool, and in that it is attached on the other hand to the mineral wool by additional mechanical and/or adhesive attachment means.
  7. Wall according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thickness of the mineral wool panel (1) is at most 25, and preferably 20, mm.
  8. Wall according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thickness of the mineral wool panel (1) is at least 5 mm.
  9. Wall according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a cross-bracing panel (4), such as a panel made of wood, notably OSB, or of fibre-cement, fixed to a supporting wall (5) or a framework (6) forming part of the outer wall.
  10. Wall according to Claim 9, characterized in that the mineral wool panel (1) and the mesh (2) are fixed, by distinct or identical means (7), to the cross-bracing panel (4).
  11. Wall according to one of Claims 9 and 10, characterized in that the mesh (2) and also, where applicable, the mineral wool panel (1) is (are) fixed, by distinct or identical means (8), to a supporting wall (5) or a framework (6) forming part of the wall.
  12. Wall according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the density of the mineral wool panel (1) is between 80 and 200 kg/m3.
  13. Wall according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the density of the mineral wool panel (1) is at least equal to 120, preferably 160 and more particularly preferably 200 kg/m3 and in that the mineral wool panel (1) is fixed to a supporting wall (5) or a framework (6) forming part of the wall.
  14. Wall according to Claim 13, characterized in that the density of the mineral wool panel (1) is at most 300 kg/m3.
  15. Wall according to one of Claims 13 and 14, characterized in that the mesh (2) is fixed to a supporting wall (5) or a framework (6) forming part of the outer wall.
  16. Wall according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mineral wool panel (1) directly or indirectly covers another thickness of mineral wool (16).
  17. Wall according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mineral wool panel (1) directly or indirectly covers an air space (17), notably a ventilated air space.
  18. Wooden-framed building comprising an outer wall according to one of the preceding claims.
  19. Ventilated façade comprising an outer wall according to one of Claims 1 to 17.
  20. External insulation comprising an outer wall according to one of Claims 1 to 17.
  21. Mineral wool panel (1) that can be incorporated into a wall according to one of Claims 1 to 17, characterized in that it comprises on one side a three-dimensional mesh structure (2) attached to the wool by a mechanical and/or adhesive means.
  22. Panel according to Claim 21, characterized in that the three-dimensional mesh structure consists of a three-dimensional mesh or of a two-dimensional mesh and a set of spacers arranged in a third dimension.
  23. Panel according to Claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the mesh is three-dimensional and is formed from a glass fabric.
  24. Panel according to Claim 23, characterized in that the mesh comprises undulated weft and/or warp threads, for example "C"-shaped or "S"-shaped and in particular sinusoidal, between the intersection points with two successive threads, respectively weft or warp threads, of the woven network.
  25. Panel according to Claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the mesh (2) is an alkali-resistant metal and is associated with spacers.
EP12168276.9A 2011-05-19 2012-05-16 Outer wall of building made of dense rock wool Active EP2525016B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL12168276T PL2525016T3 (en) 2011-05-19 2012-05-16 Outer wall of building made of dense rock wool
SI201230774A SI2525016T1 (en) 2011-05-19 2012-05-16 Outer wall of building made of dense rock wool
HRP20161507TT HRP20161507T1 (en) 2011-05-19 2016-11-15 Outer wall of building made of dense rock wool

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1154363A FR2975417B1 (en) 2011-05-19 2011-05-19 EXTERIOR BUILDING WALL IN DENSE MINERAL WOOL

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2525016A1 EP2525016A1 (en) 2012-11-21
EP2525016B1 true EP2525016B1 (en) 2016-08-24

Family

ID=46046043

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12168276.9A Active EP2525016B1 (en) 2011-05-19 2012-05-16 Outer wall of building made of dense rock wool

Country Status (10)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2525016B1 (en)
DK (1) DK2525016T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2603155T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2975417B1 (en)
HR (1) HRP20161507T1 (en)
HU (1) HUE029739T2 (en)
LT (1) LT2525016T (en)
PL (1) PL2525016T3 (en)
PT (1) PT2525016T (en)
SI (1) SI2525016T1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104196192B (en) * 2014-09-17 2017-02-08 国家电网公司 Grade-A fireproofing, insulation and decoration integrated combined hanging board of building exterior wall
CN107718265A (en) * 2016-08-11 2018-02-23 南通奥王节能建筑材料科技发展有限公司 A kind of sound-absorbing integrated board and preparation method thereof
FR3107504B1 (en) * 2020-02-26 2022-09-02 Saint Gobain Isover FASTENING ELEMENT OF A FASTENING MEANS OF A CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT FOR A SHIP
FR3111148B1 (en) * 2020-06-03 2023-03-17 Vinci Construction France Thermal renovation panel, assembly and process for its implementation
CN113585647B (en) * 2021-08-23 2023-07-07 湖北欧宅新材料科技有限公司 Bamboo-wood fiber integrated wallboard easy to assemble

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3218700A1 (en) * 1982-05-18 1983-11-24 Promat Gesellschaft für moderne Werkstoffe mbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Fireproof cladding for structural parts
EP0286370A3 (en) * 1987-04-06 1989-05-10 698315 ONTARIO LTD. carrying on business as CONSTRUMAT RESEARCH &amp; DEVELOPMENT Reinforced cementitious panel
FR2769033B1 (en) 1997-10-01 1999-11-26 Jean Claude Maitre PROCESS FOR PRODUCING CONCRETE AND METAL LATTIS STRUCTURES FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION
DE29901016U1 (en) * 1999-01-22 2000-06-29 Wiehofsky Fritz Component with support grid
DE10080435D2 (en) * 1999-02-25 2001-08-30 Dirk Hafeneger Natural insulation facade
DE10247457A1 (en) * 2002-10-11 2004-04-22 Saint-Gobain Isover G+H Ag Composite thermal insulation system and building equipped with it
US7786026B2 (en) 2003-12-19 2010-08-31 Saint-Gobain Technical Fabrics America, Inc. Enhanced thickness fabric and method of making same
US7625827B2 (en) 2003-12-19 2009-12-01 Basf Construction Chemicals, Llc Exterior finishing system and building wall containing a corrosion-resistant enhanced thickness fabric and method of constructing same
US20090031656A1 (en) * 2007-06-28 2009-02-05 Mary Jane Hunt-Hansen Lath support system
EP2180104A1 (en) * 2008-10-21 2010-04-28 Rockwool International A/S Facade insulation system
DE102008060511A1 (en) 2008-12-04 2010-07-22 Insu-Fast Gmbh Mounting device for the spaced mounting of facade panels and facade systems

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HRP20161507T1 (en) 2016-12-16
PT2525016T (en) 2016-11-21
LT2525016T (en) 2016-11-10
PL2525016T3 (en) 2017-06-30
HUE029739T2 (en) 2017-04-28
ES2603155T3 (en) 2017-02-23
DK2525016T3 (en) 2016-12-05
FR2975417A1 (en) 2012-11-23
EP2525016A1 (en) 2012-11-21
FR2975417B1 (en) 2013-05-10
SI2525016T1 (en) 2016-12-30

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