EP2154313B1 - Device for improving acoustic properties of a sub-layer of a coating - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an acoustic enhancement device for receiving a coating, in particular a floor covering such as tiling, parquet, a plastic coating, carpet, or the like.

Without departing from the scope of the invention, the acoustic device may also be an undercoat for wall covering or ceiling.

In the field of acoustic improvement, the main difference is improvement by acoustic insulation, and improvement by acoustic correction.

Sound insulation reduces noise transmission from room to room, floor, ceiling or sidewalls. Sound insulation reduces mechanical noise, such as impact or impact noises, as well as airborne noise as generated by speakers or hi-fi equipment.

Acoustic correction reduces the noise in the room where the sound source is located. Acoustic correction is for mechanical noise and airborne noise. In the case of mechanical noise on a floor, it is called acoustic noise correction when walking.

Various acoustic insulating devices as underlayments for flooring are known. Mention may be made of cork slabs, rubber-based underlays which are in the form of slabs or consist of a smoothing screed, or of sub-layers based on generally synthetic fibers.

The patent EP 0 413 626 B1 describes more particularly a device for the insulation against impact noises. This is a soundproofing slab to two thin layers of glass fibers anchored respectively in each of the faces of the bitumen layer to form the rigid face of the slab, the rigid layer having a thickness of about 5 to 6 mm with a weight per unit area of about 10 kg / m ² .

The document FR2517728 offers the same type of product.

The document US 2005/0214500 also addresses the problem of noise transmission by providing an underlay consisting of a layer having a certain resilience, between 2 and 10 mm thick and having a density of between 20 and 150 kg / m ³ , and overcome a rigid layer having a modulus of elasticity of between 3 and 18 GPa, and not exceeding 14 mm in thickness.

The document FR 2,693,221 also offers an insulation solution to impact noise, but which is in the form of rolls. This underlayer has a main layer which is arranged on the side of the coating, and a secondary layer which is arranged on the opposite side, on the ground side.

The document WO2008 / 078855 discloses a soil structure with a finishing mortar layer, a cushioning layer of particular composition, a resilient layer of fibroin materials such as rockwool or asbestos, having acoustic insulation performance and a concrete slab.

The document EP461328 presents a soundproofing system for a wall wall with an acoustic panel composed of an external facing ensuring continuity at the connection of the various acoustic panels. Underneath this exterior cladding is a shock absorbing layer intended to dampen the sounds, as a viscoelastic product. A layer of flexible, absorbent material is fixed on the wall and provides support for the damping and the outer facing. The function of this flexible layer of material absorbent ensures sound insulation of the panel and compensates for any deformation of the support.

The secondary layer of this sub-layer provides an acoustic attenuation compared to the impact noise due to the constitution of its own cellular foam material which is elastically deformable. This material is for example based on a polymer of the polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethane rubber (PUR), polyethylene (PE), butadiene-styrene rubber (SBR), and has a thickness between 0.1 mm and 5 mm, with a density not exceeding 800 kg / m ³ .

The main layer of this sub-layer makes it possible to achieve the mechanical strength of the layer. Its constituent material is for example a synthetic polymer such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), or a bitumen, but can also be made from original materials natural fibers such as wood fibers. This layer is relatively hard surface but remains flexible enough to be rolled to present the underlayer in the form of rollers.

We still know the document FR2742859 a multilayer material to be placed under a floor covering to enhance the sound insulation to impact noises, and generally to attenuate the propagation of sound waves. This multilayer material between 3 and 7 mm thick comprises a first layer facing the ground which is made of flexible fibrous materials having a basis weight of at least 200 g / m ² and which makes it possible to damp the sound waves, as well as a second layer facing the coating which is formed by a grid or a fiberglass fabric with a mass per unit area of between 300 and 900 g / m ² and which favors the spreading of sound waves. A foam layer of the polyurethane foam type may also be provided on the floor and facing the first layer.

The document WO 2007/149178 discloses an acoustic insulation device adapted to be placed between a subfloor and a finished floor with an underlayer. The device includes a first layer which is a sound reduction mat disposed on the subfloor. The device comprises a second layer which is disposed on the first layer and which is a sheet of fibrous material or a web of material having a high internal damping coefficient. The device comprises a third layer which is disposed on the second layer and which is a web of material having a high internal damping coefficient or a sheet of fibrous material respectively.

The document US 5,103,614 discloses an acoustic improvement device intended to be arranged on a support and under a coating, and comprising a first flexible layer and intended to be arranged facing the support, a second rigid layer secured to the first flexible layer and intended to be arranged opposite the support, and damping means, the damping means forming a third damping layer disposed on the second rigid layer and opposite the first flexible layer.

The aim of the invention is to propose an alternative solution to the existing solutions as regards sound insulation with respect to impact noises and with respect to airborne noise, and especially to guarantee a high performance noise correction when walking, while ensuring great ease of installation.

According to the invention as defined in claim 1, the acoustic enhancement device intended to be arranged on a support and under a coating, comprises a first flexible layer intended to be arranged facing the support, a second rigid layer made integral. the first flexible layer and intended to be arranged opposite the support, and damping means, the damping means being integrated with the second rigid layer, or forming a third damping layer disposed on the second rigid layer and the opposite of the first flexible layer.

The invention thus proposes a device which, in addition to the acoustic insulation which it provides due to the flexible layer, makes it possible to provide acoustic correction with respect to the noises when walking thanks to the damping means which are arranged on or in the rigid layer.

The inventors have demonstrated that the order of the elements in the final device to be placed against the support has its importance in the acoustic improvement results to be obtained. Thus they have shown that it is imperative that the damping means are disposed in the rigid layer, or on the rigid layer and opposite the flexible layer.

The rigid layer makes it possible to ensure the mechanical strength of the entire acoustic device, and to confer sufficient mechanical strength on the system formed by the device and the coating once laid, while also absorbing the stresses on the coating. The rigidity of this layer enhances the improvement by acoustic correction to impact noise because the damping means are sandwiched between two rigid elements, said layer and the coating.

In the first embodiment where the rigid layer incorporates the damping means, it has, at 20 ° C and 1000 Hz, a loss factor tanδ at least equal to 0.06, preferably greater than 0.1. The loss factor tanδ at 1000 Hz and at 20 ° C is evaluated using the measurement method described in ISO PAS 16940 by choosing the closest resonance frequency of 1000 Hz during post-processing.

The damping means integrated in the rigid layer are in the form of aggregates such as advantageously beads, granules, scrap recycled material, the material of the rigid layer forming the binder.

In the second embodiment in which the damping means are formed by the integral damping layer, this layer has, at 1000 Hz and at 20 ° C., a loss factor tanδ at least equal to 0.3, preferably greater than 1, and a dynamic Young's modulus E 'between 5.10 ⁶ and 10 ⁸ Pa. In this case, the loss factor tanδ and the dynamic Young's modulus E' are measured using a visco-analyzer , known measuring device for materials especially viscoelastic.

In this second embodiment, the damping layer may consist of one or more viscoelastic plastics material (s) which consist of a sheet, a film, a cast resin, or a material to be spread. It may consist of glue for gluing a coating on the device.

Integrated to the rigid layer or forming a third layer, the damping means may respectively consist of one or more polymer materials (s) visco-elastic (s), of the EVA-based polymer type, of the acrylic type, of the polyvinyl butyral type, in particular of the polyvinyl butyral type with improved acoustic damping property.

According to an optional feature, the rigid layer taken alone without the damping means has, at 20 ° C. and at 1000 Hz, a dynamic Young's modulus E 'of at least 10 ⁸ MPa, and preferably between 10 ⁹ Pa and 30.10 ⁹ Pa.

It is advantageously based on organic or inorganic binder, or bitumen, or agglomerated fibers, or synthetic composite material.

The flexible layer is an open-porosity layer, for example of the fibrous material type (x) of mineral and / or synthetic origin, of the glass fiber and / or polyester fiber type, of the synthetic cellular layer type, such as in polyethylene or polyurethane, preferably having an apparent dynamic stiffness per unit of area s' _t less than 8,8.10 ⁶ N / m ^3. The term "open porosity" material means any fibrous or foamy allowing a circulation of air in the layer.

Surprisingly, the inventors have demonstrated that the loss factor of the flexible layer is in fact not representative of the acoustic performance vis-à-vis the impact sound insulation. However, the dynamic stiffness s' _t apparent per unit area proved to be a much more representative parameter vis-à-vis the performance of the insulation impact sound.

The measurement of the dynamic stiffness per unit area s' _t will be described in more detail later in the description, from the NF EN 29052-1 standard that relates to the evaluation method of the apparent dynamic stiffness per unit surface of materials used under floating slabs in residential buildings.

The flexible layer preferably has a thickness under a load of 2 kPa of _F, between 3mm and 7mm.

The flexible layer makes it possible to separate the coating from the support, (wall, floor or ceiling), which prevents the transmission of vibratory energy in the adjacent room.

The acoustic enhancement device of the invention is therefore used as a sub-layer for flooring, wall or ceiling. The coating is secured to the damping layer, or the rigid layer when it incorporates the damping means. The inventors have thus demonstrated that the damping means are advantageously arranged between the coating which is a rigid element and the rigid layer, which allows the damping element to deform and work in shear, to dissipate the vibrational energy. and thus provide an acoustic correction.

Various presentations of the device may be envisaged for its association with a medium.

The device may be in the form of a plate and comprise integrally the flexible layer, the rigid layer and the damping means which are integrated in the rigid layer or which constitute a third layer.

In a variant, the first flexible layer is in the form of a roll to be spread out and cut to the dimensions of the surface of the support to be covered. The second rigid layer incorporating or not the damping means, and possibly the damping layer, can then be made integral and be in the form of a plate.

• La figure 1 illustre une vue schématique en coupe d'un dispositif acoustique selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, intégré en tant que sous-couche d'un revêtement de sol;
• La figure 2 illustre une vue schématique en coupe d'un dispositif acoustique selon un second mode de réalisation de l'invention, intégré en tant que sous-couche d'un revêtement de sol;
• Les figures 3 et 4 sont des vues en perspective des dispositifs acoustiques utilisés respectivement dans les figures 1 et 2 ;
• La figure 5 est une vue schématique en coupe d'une variante de mise en oeuvre du dispositif acoustique de l'invention intégré eh tant que sous-couche de revêtement de sol ;
• La figure 6 est une vue en perspective d'une partie du dispositif acoustique de la figure 5 ;
• La figure 7 est une autre variante de la figure 5 ;
• La figure 8 est une vue en perspective d'une partie du dispositif acoustique de la figure 7 ;
• La figure 9 est une vue schématique en coupe d'une variante supplémentaire de mise en oeuvre du dispositif acoustique de l'invention intégré en tant que sous-couche de revêtement de sol ;
• La figure 10 est une vue en perspective d'une partie du dispositif acoustique de la figure 9.

Other advantages and features of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

• The figure 1 illustrates a schematic sectional view of an acoustic device according to a first embodiment of the invention, integrated as an underlayer of a floor covering;
• The figure 2 illustrates a schematic sectional view of an acoustic device according to a second embodiment of the invention, integrated as an underlayer of a floor covering;
• The Figures 3 and 4 are perspective views of the acoustic devices used respectively in the Figures 1 and 2 ;
• The figure 5 is a schematic sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the acoustic device of the integrated invention as a sub-layer of flooring;
• The figure 6 is a perspective view of a part of the acoustic device of the figure 5 ;
• The figure 7 is another variant of the figure 5 ;
• The figure 8 is a perspective view of a part of the acoustic device of the figure 7 ;
• The figure 9 is a schematic sectional view of a further variant of implementation of the acoustic device of the invention integrated as a sub-layer of flooring;
• The figure 10 is a perspective view of a part of the acoustic device of the figure 9 .

The figures are not scaled for easy reading.

The Figures 1 to 8 illustrate various alternative embodiments of an acoustic improvement device 1 according to the invention for a floor covering 2 represented here by way of example by ceramic tiles 20.

The device 1 is attached against the ground 3 by being secured to it by gluing means 4. The floor covering 2 is attached against the device 1 by conventional gluing means 5.

The device of the invention comprises according to the invention a first layer 10 which is intended to be disposed facing the ground 3, a second layer 11 which is associated with the first layer and disposed opposite the ground 3, as well as damping means 12 or 13.

The first layer 10 is open porous and has a certain elasticity. It is intended to provide insulation with respect to impact noises.

It is for example made from at least one fibrous material which may be of mineral or synthetic origin. By way of examples, mention may be made of glass fibers and polyester fibers.

The layer 10 may be a mixture of fibrous materials which are associated with each other due to the manufacturing process.

It can be a mixture of one or more fibrous materials, which are combined with a material linking them together, the layer preserving its character with open porosity.

The layer may be preferably constituted of a carded nonwoven carded thermo-bonded or not.

The layer may alternatively be a molten nonwoven obtained by molten route.

According to another variant, the layer may also be a cellular material such as a synthetic foam, of the polyurethane foam type.

The performance of the acoustic sub-layer insulation is characterized by their apparent dynamic stiffness per unit area s' _t . The standard NF EN 29052-1 describes the method for evaluating the apparent dynamic stiffness per unit area of materials used under floating slabs in residential buildings. It is a question of measuring the resonance frequency of the fundamental vertical vibration of a spring / mass system for which the spring corresponds to the material of the underlayer and the mass corresponds to a load plate, the load plate being subjected to a vibratory excitation force.

• On place au centre de la plaque une tête d'impédance qui permet d'obtenir les données de force vibratoire injectée F(f) et de déplacement X(f) de la plaque,
• L'excitation appliquée à la plaque de charge par un pot vibrant est de type sinus glissant entre 1 Hz et 250 Hz sur toute la durée de la mesure. La tension maximale appliquée aux bornes du pot vibrant est de 20 mV.
• Le résultat de mesure est obtenu par une moyenne sur cinq mesures successives,
• La valeur de raideur dynamique apparente par unité de surface s'_t est égale au niveau de l'asymptote basse fréquence du rapport |F/X|.

Once adapted to thin sub-layers, this standard can serve as a basis for evaluating the apparent dynamic stiffness per unit area of the flexible layer 10 of the invention. Given the strong non-linearity of the layers of open porosity materials and the freedoms given by the standard as to the means of excitation of the charge plate and the post-processing of the measurements, it is necessary to specify below some points. to obtain the apparent dynamic stiffness value of the thin underlayer:

• In the center of the plate is placed an impedance head which makes it possible to obtain the injected vibratory force F (f) and displacement X (f) data of the plate,
• The excitation applied to the charging plate by a vibratory pot is sinus type sliding between 1 Hz and 250 Hz over the entire duration of the measurement. The maximum voltage applied to the terminals of the vibratory pot is 20 mV.
• The measurement result is obtained by averaging over five successive measurements,
• The apparent dynamic stiffness value per unit area s' _t is equal to the level of the low frequency asymptote of the ratio | F / X |.

According to the invention, the flexible layer 10 has an apparent dynamic stiffness per unit area s' _t measured according to the protocol defined above, less than 8,8.10 ⁶ N / m ^3.

The nature of the flexible layer and its thickness are adapted so that the layer has a thickness under load of 2 kPa measured according to the standard NF EN 12431, preferably between 3 and 7 mm.

If this first layer 10 has a certain flexibility, the second layer 11 is however rigid. It provides the device with a mechanical strength, a cohesion of all the components constituting the device, and allows to take all the mechanical stresses experienced by the device when it is in place under the coating on which one walks.

The rigid layer 11 is characterized according to the invention by its dynamic Young's modulus E 'at 1000 Hz and at 20 ° C. It has a dynamic Young's modulus E 'at 1000 Hz and at 20 ° C; at least 10 ⁸ Pa, and preferably between 1 GPa and 30 GPa.

The dynamic Young's modulus E ', at 1000 Hz and at 20 ° C of the rigid layer 11, is estimated by the measurement method described in the document ISO PAS 16940 by choosing during the post-processing, the resonance frequency the closer to 1000 Hz.

The density of the rigid layer 11 is less than 9.5 kg / m ² , which allows easy handling and handling of the product.

The rigid layer 11 is for example based on inorganic binder, such as cement, gypsum, mortar, or based on bitumen, or agglomerated fibers such as vegetable fibers of the wood, hemp, mineral fiber type rockwool, or based on synthetic composite material such as synthetic fibers or synthetic resin, or based on a mixture of fibers and resin.

The two layers 10 and 11 are secured in a suitable manner depending on the type of material used for each of the layers, for example by gluing using adhesive means of the aqueous glue type, or by thermal bonding.

According to a first embodiment illustrated on the figure 1 , the damping means 12 are integrated in the second layer 11. Although the second layer is rigid, it has a damping property, and is therefore characterized by damping means, at 1000 Hz and at 20 ° C, by a loss factor tanδ at least equal to 0.06, preferably greater than 0.1. In order to measure the loss factor tanδ at 1000 Hz and at 20 ° C. of the rigid layer 11, the measurement method described in the document ISO PAS 16940 is applied to the material constituting the rigid layer. resonance frequency closest to 1000 Hz. The value of the modal damping measured on the vibration peak is then identified with the value of the loss factor tanδ. This is legitimate since the material is considered homogeneous.

Integrated in the second rigid layer 11, the damping means are in the form of aggregates, the material of the rigid layer forming the binder. This is for example beads, granules, recycled material falls. The aggregates can have various sizes, ranging in size from nanometer to millimeter size.

The amount of damping material is to be adapted according to the damping desired, but nevertheless in limited proportions so that the layer retains adhesion properties, especially with the coating to be bonded. For example, an addition of PVB representing 5% of the weight of the layer doubles the level of damping of the layer.

Alternatively, integrated in the second rigid layer, the damping means are in the form of chemical constituent of the material of said rigid layer.

This second rigid layer including the damping means may be formed of a plate as will be seen later. It may alternatively be in the form of a self-leveling cementitious leveling compound.

According to a second embodiment illustrated on the figure 2 , the damping means 13 form a third full-length layer which is disposed on the second rigid layer 11 and opposite the first flexible layer 10.

This third layer 13 is a viscoelastic material and is characterized, at 1000 Hz and at 20 ° C, by a loss factor tanδ at least equal to 0.3, preferably greater than 1, and by a Young's modulus dynamic E 'between 5.10 ⁶ Pa and 10 ⁸ Pa. The dynamic Young's modulus E' of the damping material and its loss factor are measured using a visco-analyzer, known measuring device for visco materials. -élastiques.

The damping means serve to provide damping in the acoustic device 1 in order to reduce the amplitude of the waves propagating in the coating 2 and generated for example by walking, which thus reduces the noise within the body itself. room. Nevertheless, the inventors have demonstrated that the damping means must be present between two rigid elements to play their full role.

The damping means consist of one or more viscoelastic plastic materials. Mention may be made, as materials, of polymers of the acrylic type, of the vinyl type, in particular polyvinyl butyral (PVB) with improved damping property, called acoustic PVB. As an example of material constituting the damping means, the acoustic PVB by trade name Saflex® Vanceva Quiet QC41 produced by Solutia, which has a loss factor tanδ of 1 at 20 ° C. and 1000 Hz, can be mentioned as an example of material constituting the damping means. a Young's modulus E 'of 5.10 ⁷ Pa.

As damping layer 13 in its entirety, the damping means are in the form of a sheet or a film, a cast resin or a material to be spread.

In particular, the material to be spread can be formed by glue, glue used for bonding the coating 2, and comprising damping plastic material (s). It may for example be an acrylic glue whose dosage acrylic base is preferably greater than 15%.

The solidarization of the damping layer 13 to the rigid layer 11 is obtained thanks to the inherent intrinsic stickiness of the damping layer 13 when it is an aqueous adhesive, or by its heating when it is a polymeric resin.

The device 1 as a whole can be constructed in different ways.

According to a first embodiment, it forms a unitary assembly, such as a kit ready for use, which is intended to be attached against the support such as the floor 3, and on which the coating 2 is in turn reported. . Thus, the device of Figures 3 and 4 represents a plate, a plurality of which is attached by bonding to the floor 3 as illustrated in FIGS. Figures 1 and 2 respectively.

According to a second variant embodiment, certain elements of the device are already assembled and form a unitary system, while the other or the other remaining elements are individually reported during the implementation of the device as a coating sub-layer.

The example of figure 5 illustrates this last configuration. The flexible layer 10 is associated with the rigid layer 11 to form a plate 110 ( figure 6 ), a plurality is bonded to the floor 3, while the damping layer 13 which is in the form of an adhesive film is unwound on all the plates, the coating 2 is then glued on.

In the example of the figure 7 , a plurality of plates 110 are arranged on the ground while the damping layer 13 is directly bonded to the coating 2. The layer is for example a damping plastic sheet, such as PVB, bonded to the ceramic tile 20 on the opposite side to that intended for walking ( figure 8 ). The solidarity of the damping sheet 13 with the coating 2 is done either by applying aqueous adhesive to said coating or by heating in the case of a polymeric resin.

Finally, according to a third variant, each element of the device is taken individually and associated with the others during the implementation of the device to form an underlayer of the coating.

The example of figure 9 illustrates this configuration, the flexible layer 10 is in the form of a roll and is unwound and reported against the soil 3 being cut to the appropriate dimensions of the surface to be covered, while the rigid layer 11 which comprises the damping means 12 are in the form of plates 111 ( figure 10 ) which are reported by bonding against the fibrous layer 10 and on which the coating 3 is bonded. In a variant not shown, it would also be possible to pour a mini-screed including the damping means on the flexible layer 10.

To illustrate the invention, tests have been performed on different devices. Examples and comparative values are explained in the tables below.

The example of Table 1 is a common acoustic insulation device. Tables 2, 3 and 4 are non-limiting examples of the acoustic enhancement device according to the two distinct embodiments of the invention. Table 5 is a comparative example where the arrangement of the layers is not in accordance with the invention.

The performance of Examples is illustrated by the value of the apparent dynamic stiffness per unit area s' _t measured as described above with respect to the acoustic performance of the flexible layer, but on the entire device.

The values of dynamic Young modulus and loss factor provided in these tables for the rigid layer 11 or 12 and for the complete device are obtained at 20 ° C by applying the method described in ISO PAS 16940 by choosing the frequency However, contrary to the dimensions given in the ISO document PAS, the sample measured here comprises three tiles tiles of the Desvres company, in vitreous porcelain stoneware of dimensions 200 mm x 200 mm x 7.5 mm which are separated by 5mm seals. Dosages and application methods of adhesive mortars tiling, patching and joints being those prescribed by the manufacturer.

The values of dynamic Young modulus and loss factor of the damping layer 13 are measured using a visco-analyzer.

For each example, we therefore consider the same tiles 20 Desvres vitreous fine vitreous stoneware 200 mm x 200 mm x 7.5 mm, the same tile joint, the same tile adhesive 5, here a mineral binder to spoil such as the product "Weber.col plus" WEBER AND BROUTIN, and the same means of bonding 4 between the flexible layer 10 and the floor 3, here an acrylic adhesive such as the adhesive "Weber.sys acoustic" company WEBER AND BROUTIN.

Table 1 illustrates a comparative example comprising only a flexible layer 10 and a rigid layer 11 without damping means. TABLE 1 Nature of the material Soft layer (10) Nonwoven needled polyester fiber "Weber.sys acoustic" the company WEBER AND BROUTIN with s' _t = 4,2.10 ⁷ N / m ³ Rigid layer (11) Fibrous mineral binder to mix and spread on the flexible layer 10: self-leveling "Weber.sys acoustic" smoothing compound, with tanδ = 0.01 E '= 1.5 × ^{10 10} Pa Device associated with the floor covering 2 tanδ = 0.01 E '= 1.5 × ^{10 10} Pa s' _t = 4,2.10 ⁷ N / m ³

Table 2 illustrates an example of the invention which takes again the flexible layers 10 and 11 of Comparative Example 1 and for which the rigid layer 11 includes damping means 12. TABLE 2 Nature of the material Soft layer (10) Nonwoven needle-punched polyester fiber: "Weber.sys acoustic" WEBER AND BROUTIN, with s' _t = 4,2.10 ⁷ N / m ³ Shock absorbing hard layer (11, 12) Fibrous mineral binder to be tempered and spread on flexible layer 10: self-leveling "Weber.sys acoustic" smoothing compound, including conventional PVB aggregates tanδ = 0.06 E '= 1.5 × ^{10 10} Pa Device (1) associated with the floor covering 2 tanδ = 0.06 E '= 1.5 × ^{10 10} Pa s' _t = 4,2.10 ⁷ N / m ³

Comparing Tables 1 and 2, it can be seen that by adding the damping means 12, the loss factor tanδ of the complete device substantially increases. We therefore gain in damping to improve the acoustic correction of the complete device, that is to say against noise walking.

Table 3 illustrates an example of the invention which shows Example 2 but with a different flexible layer. TABLE 3 Nature of the material Soft layer (10) Non-woven fiberglass: glass fiber 450 g / m ² s' _t = 3,6.10 ⁶ N / m ³ Shock absorbing hard layer (11, 12) Fibrous mineral binder to be tempered and spread on flexible layer 10: self-leveling "Weber.sys acoustic" smoothing compound, including conventional PVB aggregates tanδ = 0.06 E '= 1.5 × ^{10 10} Pa Device (1) associated with the floor covering 2 tanδ = 0.06 E '= 1.5 × ^{10 10} Pa s' _t = 3,6.10 ⁶ N / m ³

This table 3 shows that the acoustic correction remains ensured by the damping provided by the damping means, the nature of the flexible layer to play only on the sound insulation performance.

Table 4 illustrates an example of the invention which resumes Example 3, but instead of having PVB included in the rigid layer, the damping means consist of the additional layer 13. TABLE 4 Nature of the material Soft layer (10) Non-woven fiberglass: glass fiber 450 g / m ² s' _t = 3,6.10 ⁶ N / m ³ Rigid layer (11) Fibrous mineral binder to mix and spread on the flexible layer 10: self-leveling "Weber.sys acoustic" smoothing compound, with tanδ = 0.06 E '= 1.5 × ^{10 10} Pa Buffering layer (13) 0,8 mm film of WEBER AND BROUTIN "Weber.sys acoustic" acrylic glue, with tanδ = 1.03 E '= 1.9 × 10 ⁷ Pa Device (1) associated with the floor covering (2) tanδ = 0.34 E '= 1.5 × ^{10 10} Pa s' _t = 3,6.10 ⁶ N / m ³

It can also be seen by comparing Tables 3 and 4 that by using the damping means as a full-fledged layer 13, the damping performance is further increased with respect to integration of the means in the rigid layer.

Finally, Table 5 illustrates a system where the damping layer 13 identical to that of Table 4 is instead placed not according to the invention between the flexible layer 10 and the rigid layer 11, and not between the rigid coating 2 and the layer rigid 11. TABLE 5 Nature of the material Soft layer (10) Non-woven fiberglass: glass fiber 450 g / m ² s' _t = 3,6.10 ⁶ N / m ³ Rigid layer (11) Fibrous mineral binder to mix and spread on the flexible layer 10: self-leveling "Weber.sys acoustic" smoothing compound, with tanδ = 0.01 E '= 1.5 × ^{10 10} Pa Damping layer (13) placed between the flexible layer (10) and the rigid layer (11) 0,8 mm film of WEBER AND BROUTIN "Weber.sys acoustic" acrylic glue, with tanδ = 1.03 E '= 1.9 × 10 ⁷ Pa Device (1) associated with the floor covering (2) tanδ = 0.01 E '= 1.5 × ^{10 10} Pa s' _t = 3,6.10 ⁶ N / m ³

It can be seen that the tanδ damping of the complete device is not at all improved (value of 0.01) despite the presence of the damping layer 13, whereas for the example of the invention in Table 4, the value for the device is 0.34. Thus, to ensure improved acoustic correction, not only damping means but they are placed judiciously between two rigid layers.

Claims (15)

1. An acoustic enhancement device (1) intended for being placed on a support (3) and under a covering (2), and comprising a first flexible layer (10) intended for being placed facing the support, a second rigid layer (11) joined to the first flexible layer and intended for being placed opposite the support, and damping means (12, 13), wherein the damping means (12) are integrated in the second rigid layer (11) or form a third damping layer (13) placed on the second rigid layer (11) and opposite the first flexible layer (10), wherein (1) the flexible layer is a layer with open porosity, i.e. consisting of a material completely fibrous or foamy authorizing an air circulation in the layer,and wherein (ii) when the damping means form a third damping layer (13), the latter has, at 1000 Hz and 20°C, a loss factor tanδ at least equal to 0.3, preferably higher than 1, and a dynamic Young's modulus E' of between 5×10⁶ Pa and 10⁸ Pa and when the damping means (12) are integrated in the rigid layer (11), said damping means are in the form of aggregates, the material of the rigid layer forming the binder, and they consist of one or more viscoelastic polymer material(s), of the type of EVA based polymers, of the acrylic type, the polyvinyl butyral type, in particular the polyvinyl butyral type having enhanced acoustic damping properties.
2. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rigid layer (11) which integrates the damping means (12) has, at 20°C and at 1000 Hz, a loss factor tanδ at least equal to 0.06, preferably higher than 0.1.
3. The device as claimed in either of claims 1 or 2, wherein the damping means (12) which are integrated in the rigid layer (11) are in the form of aggregates such as balls, granules, scraps of recycled material.
4. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the damping layer (13) consists of one or more viscoelastic plastic material(s) which consist of a sheet, a film, a poured resin, or a spreadable material.
5. The device as claimed in either of claims 1 or 4, wherein the damping layer (13) consists of adhesive for bonding a covering to the device.
6. The device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the rigid layer (11) considered separately without the damping means has, at 20°C and at 1000 Hz, a dynamic Young's modulus E' of at least 10⁸ MPa, and preferably between 10⁹ Pa and 30×10⁹ Pa.
7. The device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the rigid layer (11) considered separately without the damping means has a thickness of at least 3 mm.
8. The device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the second rigid layer (11) is based on an organic or mineral binder, or on bitumen, or on agglomerated fibers, or on a synthetic composite material.
9. The device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the flexible layer (10) is a layer with open porosity, of the type of fibrous material(s) of mineral and/or synthetic origin, of the type of glass fibers and/or polyester fibers, of the synthetic cellular layer type, such as polyethylene or polyurethane, preferably having an apparent dynamic stiffness per unit area s'_t lower than 8.8×10⁶ N/m³.
10. The device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first flexible layer (10) has a thickness d_F of between 3 and 7 mm under a load d_F of 2 kPa.
11. The device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein it is in the form of a plate and comprises, joined to the flexible layer (10), the rigid layer (11) and the damping means (12, 13) which are integrated in the rigid layer or which constitute a third layer.
12. The device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the first flexible layer (10) is in the form of a roll to be spread and to be cut to the dimensions of the surface of the support to be covered .
13. The device as claimed in claim 12, wherein the second rigid layer (11) integrating the damping means (12) or not, and optionally the damping layer (13), are joined together and are in the form of a plate.
14. The device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the damping layer (13) or the rigid layer (11), when the latter integrates the damping means (12), is joined to the covering to be laid on the other elements of said device.
15. The device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein it is used as an underlayer or underlayment for a floor, wall or ceiling covering.

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