EP2210711A1 - Mécanisme de frappe et machine-outil manuelle - Google Patents

Mécanisme de frappe et machine-outil manuelle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2210711A1
EP2210711A1 EP09178155A EP09178155A EP2210711A1 EP 2210711 A1 EP2210711 A1 EP 2210711A1 EP 09178155 A EP09178155 A EP 09178155A EP 09178155 A EP09178155 A EP 09178155A EP 2210711 A1 EP2210711 A1 EP 2210711A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
anvil
impact
electromagnet
magnetic
working space
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09178155A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2210711B1 (fr
Inventor
Hanspeter Schad
Christoph Hakenholt
Serhey Khandozhko
Jochen Kuntner
Günther Sanchen
Chafic Abu Antoun
Johann Dorfmeister
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hilti AG
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Hilti AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hilti AG filed Critical Hilti AG
Publication of EP2210711A1 publication Critical patent/EP2210711A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2210711B1 publication Critical patent/EP2210711B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D11/00—Portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive
    • B25D11/06—Means for driving the impulse member
    • B25D11/064—Means for driving the impulse member using an electromagnetic drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
    • B25D2250/345—Use of o-rings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
    • B25D2250/371—Use of springs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a striking mechanism and a beating machine tool with a hammer mechanism.
  • the impact mechanisms based on an acceleration of a striking body directly by magnetic fields have the advantage of a higher control of the impact behavior, in particular also the possibility to switch off the impact mechanism immediately.
  • One object is to provide a striking mechanism based on two solenoids with increased impact force.
  • the percussion mechanism comprises: a working space whose first section is surrounded by a first electromagnet and whose second section is surrounded by a second electromagnet; a striker, which is movable within the working space along a striking axis and has a magnetizable material; and an anvil whose striking surface delimits the working space in the direction of impact.
  • a spring element is provided which acts on the striker in each position in the working space with a force towards the anvil. When moving away from the anvil, the spring element is biased accordingly.
  • the impactor bounces off the anvil and retains some of its kinetic energy.
  • the energy is transferred and stored in the return movement in the spring element.
  • the spring element accelerates the striker in addition to the forces due to the magnetic fields. This achieves a more efficient utilization of the energy contained in the system.
  • the spring element is preferably designed so that the spring force drops to zero when the impact of the impactor on the club face.
  • the spring element is a mechanical spring or an air spring.
  • the air spring may be formed by a pneumatic space.
  • the pneumatic space may be formed by a portion of the working space defined by the impactor from the anvil.
  • the spring element may have a progressive characteristic, in which the spring constant increases in the opposite direction of impact.
  • the tensile force which the second electromagnet can exert on the striker increases with decreasing distance of the impactor from the turning point away from the striking surface. An efficient use of this increasing force is achieved by the rising characteristic against the direction of impact.
  • An embodiment provides that the anvil protrudes into the first electromagnet and is made of a soft magnetic material and that a diameter of the impactor and a diameter of the anvil differ by less than 20%, preferably by less than 10%.
  • the similar or equal cross-sections of impactor and clubface of the anvil cause the field lines to extend substantially only from the striker to the clubface without unnecessary stretches in the air. It is believed that thereby higher forces can be generated for accelerating the impactor by the magnetic field.
  • an embodiment provides that the anvil protrudes into the first magnet coil or the first electromagnet for at least one distance, which is greater than the deflection of the anvil in the event of impact with the impactor.
  • the distance may for example also have at least one tenth of the length of the magnetic coil in the magnetic coil.
  • the immersion of the anvil into the first electromagnet is so deep that at least half of the magnetic flux of the first electromagnet flows laterally into the anvil, and then exits the impact surface.
  • the electromagnet has a magnetic coil and a magnetic field guide, wherein the magnetic field guide surrounds the magnetic coil on its outer side.
  • the magnetic field guide preferably adjoins the anvil.
  • An embodiment provides that the working space is limited on a side facing away from the anvil by a stop which projects into the second magnetic coil and is made of a soft magnetic material.
  • the first or the second magnetic coil has a length and a winding thickness, wherein a ratio of length to winding thickness is less than 1.25. This optimizes a ratio of acceleration work done by the magnet coils to ohmic losses.
  • the impactor has on its surface longitudinal grooves or the impactor through holes.
  • a machine tool according to the invention in particular a hand-held power tool, has the striking mechanism according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a striking mechanism 1 in a partial section.
  • the impact mechanism 1 has a striking group with a striking body 2 and an anvil 3, a primary drive with magnetic coils 4, 5 and an energy buffer with a spring element 6.
  • the impactor 2 is arranged in a working space 10 movable along a striking axis 11.
  • the working space 10 is limited in the direction of impact 12 by the anvil 3. Contrary to the impact direction 12, a housing 13 bounds the working space 10.
  • the striking body 2 can be guided in the working space 10 by a rod 14 along a striking axis 11.
  • the rod 14 is fixedly connected to the impactor 2 and guided for example by a bearing 15 of the housing 13.
  • the working space 10 may be bounded laterally by a sleeve 16, which additionally guides the impactor 2.
  • the working space 10 has a constant cross-sectional area along the striking axis 11, which is adapted to the dimensions of the striking body 2.
  • a cross-sectional area of the impactor 2 can be just so much lower that a movement is possible.
  • the working space 10 and the impactor 2 are cylindrical.
  • the anvil 3 has a striking surface 17.
  • the striking surface 17 is defined by an end piece 18 of substantially constant cross-section, e.g. cylindrical cross section, formed.
  • the cross-sectional area of the end piece 18 and thus also that of the striking face 17 are preferably the same size as the cross-sectional area of the striking body 2.
  • both the impact surface 17 of the anvil and the corresponding impact surface 19 of the impactor 2 are mutually positively.
  • both impact surfaces 17, 19 are planar.
  • one of the two striking surfaces 17, 19 may be curved convexly, wherein the other of the striking surfaces 19, 17 is correspondingly concave.
  • the anvil 3 is mounted in a guide 20.
  • the guide 20 has a stop 21 against the impact direction 12.
  • a stop 25 is provided which limits the working space 10.
  • the stop 25 may be formed by the housing 13.
  • the working space 10 is surrounded by at least two magnetic coils 4, 5.
  • the two magnetic coils 4, 5 are arranged offset from one another along the striking axis 11.
  • the first magnetic coil 4 covers a first portion 30 of the working space 10 and the end portion 18 of the anvil 3.
  • the second magnetic coil 5 covers a second portion 31 of the working space 10 and the stopper 25th
  • the two magnetic coils 4, 5 are connected to a power source.
  • a control device allows alternating current flow through the two magnetic coils 4, 5.
  • the first section 30 and the second section 31 alternately flow through a magnetic field.
  • the impactor 2 is made of a magnetic material or has inserts of a magnetic material.
  • the respective magnetic field acts on the impactor 2 and accelerates the impactor 2.
  • the anvil 3 is made of a magnetic material.
  • the anvil 3 acts like a pole piece.
  • the magnetic field in the first section 30 emerges vertically from the anvil 3.
  • the forces on the impact body 2 act correspondingly parallel to the direction of movement of the impactor 2, i. parallel to the striking axis.
  • the magnetic, e.g. ferromagnetic, material of the anvil 3 preferably loses its magnetization when no magnetic field in the first portion 30 is applied. Accordingly, the anvil 3 is preferably made of a soft magnetic material having a low coercive force of less than 1000 A / m.
  • the magnetic field largely flows directly between the two impact surfaces 17, 19. This minimizes a magnetic flux which flows over a longer distance than the distance impact body 2 to anvil 3 got to. This is of particular interest because, as the distance between the striking surfaces 17, 19 decreases, the magnetic force increases.
  • the impact surface 17 of the anvil 3 can be adapted in shape and curvature such that an exit of the magnetic field over the impact surface 17 is optimized.
  • the tail 18 of the anvil 3 protrudes for at least a distance 50 in the first solenoid 4, which is greater than the distance traveled by the anvil 3 in a stroke. Further, the distance 50 may be between one-tenth and one-fourth the length 51 of the first solenoid 4, e.g. at least a sixth or at most a sixth.
  • the stopper 25 is also formed of a magnetic material, e.g. a ferromagnetic material.
  • the design of the stop 25 can be made equal to the previously performed designs of the anvil 3.
  • the depth 52 for the stop 25 protrudes into the second magnetic coil 5 may be between one tenth and one quarter of the length 53 of the second magnetic coil 5.
  • the further design of stop 25 and anvil 3 may differ in one embodiment.
  • a magnetic field guide 60 can surround the magnetic coils 4, 5 from the outside.
  • the magnetic field guide 60 is formed of a soft magnetic material, e.g. from iron sheets.
  • the magnetic field guide 60 may have a web 61 between the two magnetic coils 4, 5, which adjoins the working space 10.
  • an outer web 62 extends to the first magnetic coil 4 to the anvil 3 to initiate the magnetic field in the anvil 3.
  • another web 63 may be in contact with the stop 25 or form the stop 25.
  • the spring element 6 may, for example, have a spiral spring 70 or another mechanical spring.
  • the rod 14 has a projection or a plate 71, which engages in the coil spring 70.
  • the travel of the coil spring 70 is designed such that the impactor 2 is pressed in any position within the working space 10 by the coil spring 70 in the direction of impact 12.
  • a spring constant of the coil spring 70 is preferably designed such that a movement of the impactor 2 is completely decelerated when the impactor 2 adjacent to the stop 25. This avoids that the striking body 2 mechanically strikes against the housing 13.
  • the spring constant of the spring element 6 preferably increases with increasing compression of the spring element 6.
  • the dependence of the spring constant of the position of the impactor body 2 can be selected to be dependent on the dependence of a tensile force of the second magnetic coil 5 of the position of the impactor body 2, for example both dependencies are proportional to each other. As a result, the work that the second solenoid 5 may perform is efficiently utilized.
  • the spring element 6 may have a linear characteristic, ie a spring constant which is independent of the compression of the spring 6.
  • the impactor 2 may have grooves 90 on its surface.
  • the grooves 90 serve to allow an exchange of air between the stopper 25 and the anvil 3 during a movement of the impactor 2.
  • the grooves 90 and holes can be provided in the impactor 2.
  • a further embodiment provides for a ventilation system in which ventilation openings 92, 93 lead into the first and second sections 30, 31 of the working space 10.
  • the ventilation openings 92, 93 may be connected to each other by a channel system or connected to the environment.
  • FIG. 2 an embodiment of a striking mechanism 1 is shown, in which a pneumatic space 80 is disposed within the working space 10.
  • the pneumatic space 80 is limited by the impactor 2, the stopper 25 and the sleeve 16 pressure-tight.
  • the pneumatic space can also be arranged outside of the working space 10 coupled by the rod 14.
  • the magnetic coils 4, 5 are produced in a conventional manner, e.g. through a wrapped, painted wire.
  • the length 51, 53 of the magnetic coils 4, 5 is at most 30% greater than a winding height 100 of the magnetic coils 4, 5.
  • the acceleration work per traveled distance of the impactor 2 is not constant due to the non-linear force curve, but increases with decreasing distance the anvil 3 or stop 25 too.
  • a longer solenoid coil 4, 5 therefore causes only a slightly higher acceleration work.
  • the ohmic power dissipation of the magnetic coils 4, 5, however, is proportional to their length 51. Therefore, it seems advantageous to use short magnetic coils 4, 5.
  • the impactor 2 can be made of a ferromagnetic material with a high coercive force (> 1000 A / m). The impactor 2 thus remains Permanently magnetized.
  • the polarity of the magnetic fields generated by the magnetic coils 4, 5 is set depending on the polarization direction of the impactor 2. Further, the polarity of the magnetic coils 4, 5 can be rotated during a movement cycle of the impactor 2 to make both a pulling and a pushing force act on the impactor 2.
  • Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of the striking mechanism 1.
  • a first and second magnetic coil 104, 105 are surrounded by a magnetic field guide 60, 162, 163 and each form a first and second electromagnet.
  • the magnetic field guide 162 adjoins the anvil 3.
  • the magnetic field guide 162 may extend along the striking axis 11 by a distance which is comparable to the length 51 of the first magnetic coil 104. By way of example, the distance is one third to one half of the length 51 of the first magnetic coil 104. Over the entire distance, the magnetic field guide 162 adjoins the striking space.
  • the armature 3 penetrates for a depth 150 in the first electromagnet, speak in the magnetic field guide 162 a.
  • the depth 150 is preferably selected such that at least half of the magnetic flux from the first magnetic coil 104 flows through the anvil 3.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)
EP09178155A 2009-01-21 2009-12-07 Mécanisme de frappe et machine-outil manuelle Active EP2210711B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009000363A DE102009000363A1 (de) 2009-01-21 2009-01-21 Schlagwerk und Handwerkzeugmaschine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2210711A1 true EP2210711A1 (fr) 2010-07-28
EP2210711B1 EP2210711B1 (fr) 2012-04-18

Family

ID=41432791

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09178155A Active EP2210711B1 (fr) 2009-01-21 2009-12-07 Mécanisme de frappe et machine-outil manuelle

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US9259830B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2210711B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5580610B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN101797745B (fr)
AT (1) ATE553890T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102009000363A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2551058A1 (fr) * 2011-07-26 2013-01-30 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Machine-outil manuelle avec dispositif de stockage

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9071120B2 (en) * 2011-07-19 2015-06-30 Kanzaki Kokyukoki Mfg. Co., Ltd. Linear actuator and boring device
DE102012210088A1 (de) * 2012-06-15 2013-12-19 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Werkzeugmaschine
DE102012210082A1 (de) * 2012-06-15 2013-12-19 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Werkzeugmaschine und Steuerungsverfahren
DE102012210101A1 (de) 2012-06-15 2013-12-19 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Steuerungsverfahren
DE102012210097A1 (de) * 2012-06-15 2013-12-19 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Steuerungsverfahren
DE102012210096A1 (de) 2012-06-15 2013-12-19 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Werkzeugmaschine und Steuerungsverfahren
DE102012210104A1 (de) * 2012-06-15 2013-12-19 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Werkzeugmaschine
DE102012210347A1 (de) * 2012-06-19 2013-12-19 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Setzgerät und Steuerungsverfahren
WO2015000129A1 (fr) * 2013-07-02 2015-01-08 Chen Zhenyu Dispositif d'impact et machine-outil pour opération d'impact
CN107297714A (zh) * 2016-04-14 2017-10-27 屈家发 一种电磁冲击锤
EP3332917A1 (fr) * 2016-12-09 2018-06-13 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Division de bobinage
EP3697574A1 (fr) 2017-10-20 2020-08-26 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Outil à percussion
EP3501750A1 (fr) * 2017-12-19 2019-06-26 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Machine-outil portative à vibrations amorties
US11059155B2 (en) 2018-01-26 2021-07-13 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Percussion tool
US11654466B2 (en) * 2019-11-25 2023-05-23 Theodore Allen Buresh Planishing hammer
US20220324089A1 (en) * 2021-04-07 2022-10-13 Stanley Fastening Systems, L.P. Multistage solenoid fastener device with magnetic driver
CN114918878B (zh) * 2022-05-29 2023-08-22 熊国华 一种低噪音电锤装置

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US2892140A (en) 1956-08-30 1959-06-23 Maxim Electronies Ltd Current switching device for electromagnetic hammers
FR2240797A1 (en) 1973-08-13 1975-03-14 Inst Mekhanizirovannogo I Ruch Electric mains powered hammer - stator poles are formed from stacks of E-shaped metal sheets
FR2252178A1 (fr) * 1973-11-28 1975-06-20 Inst Mekhanizirovannogo I Ruch
FR2430827A1 (fr) 1978-07-12 1980-02-08 Martelec Perfectionnement aux marteaux electro-magnetiques
EP1016503A2 (fr) 1998-12-03 2000-07-05 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Appareil de forage et/ou ciseau à main
EP1157789A1 (fr) * 2000-05-23 2001-11-28 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Outil de percussion avec un système de percussion électromagnetique
EP1958733A2 (fr) 2007-02-13 2008-08-20 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Procédé destiné à la commande d'un moteur linéaire pour l'entraînement d'un mécanisme de frappe
DE102007000386A1 (de) * 2007-07-17 2009-01-22 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Schlagende Elektrohandwerkzeugmaschine mit Magnetschlagwerk

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE403250A (fr) *
US2892140A (en) 1956-08-30 1959-06-23 Maxim Electronies Ltd Current switching device for electromagnetic hammers
FR2240797A1 (en) 1973-08-13 1975-03-14 Inst Mekhanizirovannogo I Ruch Electric mains powered hammer - stator poles are formed from stacks of E-shaped metal sheets
FR2252178A1 (fr) * 1973-11-28 1975-06-20 Inst Mekhanizirovannogo I Ruch
FR2430827A1 (fr) 1978-07-12 1980-02-08 Martelec Perfectionnement aux marteaux electro-magnetiques
EP1016503A2 (fr) 1998-12-03 2000-07-05 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Appareil de forage et/ou ciseau à main
EP1157789A1 (fr) * 2000-05-23 2001-11-28 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Outil de percussion avec un système de percussion électromagnetique
EP1958733A2 (fr) 2007-02-13 2008-08-20 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Procédé destiné à la commande d'un moteur linéaire pour l'entraînement d'un mécanisme de frappe
DE102007000386A1 (de) * 2007-07-17 2009-01-22 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Schlagende Elektrohandwerkzeugmaschine mit Magnetschlagwerk

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2551058A1 (fr) * 2011-07-26 2013-01-30 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Machine-outil manuelle avec dispositif de stockage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20100206593A1 (en) 2010-08-19
CN101797745A (zh) 2010-08-11
US9259830B2 (en) 2016-02-16
JP5580610B2 (ja) 2014-08-27
JP2010167558A (ja) 2010-08-05
EP2210711B1 (fr) 2012-04-18
ATE553890T1 (de) 2012-05-15
CN101797745B (zh) 2014-09-10
DE102009000363A1 (de) 2010-07-22

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