EP2172817B1 - Détection des variations d'un intervalle de temps entre des signaux optiques ou électriques - Google Patents

Détection des variations d'un intervalle de temps entre des signaux optiques ou électriques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2172817B1
EP2172817B1 EP09010549A EP09010549A EP2172817B1 EP 2172817 B1 EP2172817 B1 EP 2172817B1 EP 09010549 A EP09010549 A EP 09010549A EP 09010549 A EP09010549 A EP 09010549A EP 2172817 B1 EP2172817 B1 EP 2172817B1
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Prior art keywords
signal
optical
harmonic
output
electrical
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EP2172817A2 (fr
EP2172817A3 (fr
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Florian Löhl
Holger Schlarb
Frank Ludwig
Matthias Felber
Johann Zemella
Axel Winter
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Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron DESY
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Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron DESY
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
    • G04F10/00—Apparatus for measuring unknown time intervals by electric means

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  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for detecting changes in a time interval between an optical or electrical signal and an optical or electrical reference signal. Moreover, the invention relates to a use of the method for synchronizing an optical or electrical signal with an optical or electrical reference signal.
  • a reference pulse laser is used to transmit a common optical reference signal to all components to be synchronized.
  • the reference pulse laser itself is usually synchronized with an electrical origin reference signal, which specifies, for example, a microwave oscillator.
  • the components to be synchronized with the reference pulse laser beam use either optical or electrical signals that must be synchronized with the reference optical signal of the reference pulse laser.
  • Such a component in an accelerator could be, for example, an arrival time monitor which serves to determine the arrival time of electron pulses.
  • the arrival time monitor requires an optical or electrical signal that is synchronized, for example, with the signals of other time of arrival monitors elsewhere in the accelerator. All arrival time monitors therefore use the common reference optical signal of the reference pulse laser.
  • each branch of the reference signal to a component is exposed to different external conditions, such as temperature effects, and thus the path lengths of the reference signal to the individual components are exposed to fluctuations that are not correlated with each other and interfere with the synchronization of the signals.
  • the document EP1119119 discloses a method of synchronizing an internal clock signal with an optical data signal.
  • the internal electrical clock signal is transformed by an optical pulse source into an optical reference signal.
  • the data signal and the reference signal are detected at separate photodetectors.
  • the signals from the photodetectors are multiplied to produce a harmonic signal.
  • the phase difference of the harmonic signal and the data signal is calculated and used as a control signal for controlling the internal clock signal.
  • an optical signal or optical reference signal is modulated in dependence of the electrical signal or electrical reference signal.
  • the amplitude of the optical signal or of the optical reference signal is modulated in dependence on the electrical signal or electrical reference signal.
  • the time interval refers to the time span between an original optical or electrical signal and the original reference optical or electrical signal.
  • a change in this time interval is not in the form of a change in the time interval between the modulated expresses optical signal or optical reference signal, but for example only in the form of an amplitude modulation. If the signal and the reference signal, the time interval of which is to be detected, are optical, ie, optical-optical in the process mode, the modulation steps are not necessary.
  • optical signal and the optical reference signal are received with the same photodetector. This avoids differences between different photodetectors and minimizes systematic errors in the detection of the time interval. It should be noted at this point that the optical signal and the reference optical signal may have a common source and / or branches of the same optical signal.
  • the inventive method has, among other things, the advantage over known methods that it is independent of the polarization of the optical signal or of the optical reference signal and also independent of the respective pulse widths over a wide range.
  • the pulses of the signal and the pulses of the reference signal do not have to overlap in time.
  • the proposed method offers a multiplicity of possible time offsets between the optical signal and the optical reference signal which are suitable for detecting the temporal change. Thus, only insignificant additional path lengths must be inserted to ensure a suitable operating point.
  • the optical signal and / or the optical reference signal is generated by one or more mode-locked short-pulse lasers.
  • the optical signal and / or the optical reference signal are preferably periodic pulse signals having a relatively small pulse width, for example a fraction of a picosecond, compared to the period duration.
  • the period duration with a usually with 50 to 250 MHz pulse frequency operated short-pulse laser, however, is 4 to 20 nanoseconds, which corresponds to a path length of light from 1.2 to 6 meters. It is therefore a great advantage of the invention that it is not necessary to insert such long path lengths in order to ensure an overlap of the pulses with a width corresponding to a distance of the light of less than 0.3 millimeters.
  • the time interval is set to a value in the range from 0.4 to 0.6, preferably 0.45 to 0.55, of the period of the optical signal. It has been found that with a suitable choice of the harmonics a maximum sensitivity for changes can be achieved.
  • the selected harmonic is a high order harmonic, i. for example of order 5 or higher.
  • the sensitivity to changes is particularly great and a multiplicity of time intervals can serve as meaningful operating points.
  • the largest possible order to be selected is limited by the bandwidth of the photodetector and the filter width of the filter unit, since this limits the number of orders whose amplitude can still be meaningfully measured or filtered.
  • a (t) the common signal of optical signal and optical reference signal in the form of an amplitude A as a function is the time t
  • n is the harmonic order
  • a n is the amplitude of the n-order harmonic
  • f 0 is a fundamental frequency
  • ⁇ n is the phase shift of the n-th order harmonics.
  • the discrete frequency spectrum then contains the amplitudes A n of the respective frequency components as a function of the frequency nf 0 , which corresponds to the frequency of the nth order harmonics.
  • the invention is not limited to harmonics in the representation of equation (1), but may have any representation.
  • a change in the amplitude of the selected harmonic serves as a direct measure of the change in the time interval. Since the frequency spectrum depends on the time interval, the envelope changes as a function of the time interval. It is now advantageous if, for the filtering, a harmonic with a frequency is selected at which the magnitude of the gradient of the envelope of the frequency spectrum is maximal. Then the amplitude of the selected harmonic is maximally sensitive to changes in the time interval.
  • the time interval can also be set so that a harmonic desired for the selection has this property.
  • a disadvantage of this possibility is the dependence on amplitude fluctuations of the optical signal or optical reference signal. Only at very constant amplitude of the optical Signal or optical reference signal is a change in the amplitude of the selected harmonic as a direct measure of the change in the time interval. Otherwise, amplitude fluctuations of the optical signal or optical reference signal would be erroneously interpreted as a change in the time interval.
  • the difference between the amplitude of the selected harmonic and the amplitude of the second selected harmonic is largely independent of amplitude variations, since these have the same effect on both selected harmonics.
  • the second selected harmonic has an order one less than or greater than the order of the selected harmonic. It has been found that the amplitude difference of harmonics of adjacent orders, especially at a time interval close to half the period, is particularly sensitive to changes in the time interval. It has also been found that possible errors caused by the photodetector and / or the downstream electronics and / or the filter unit are particularly small for adjacent harmonics.
  • the reference harmonic and the selected filtered harmonic are preferably multiplied during mixing. If both oscillations are fed into the mixer in phase, the mixer can be used as an "amplitude detector".
  • the product of the reference harmonic and selected filtered harmonic is an output signal that oscillates at twice the frequency of a certain amplitude. For example with a low-pass filter which removes the oscillating component of the output signal, the signed amplitude change of the output signal can be extracted.
  • the change in amplitude of the output signal has a sign that depends on the direction of the change in the time interval, so that the direction of the change in the time interval can be determined from the output signal and controlled accordingly.
  • a delay device is used to delay the optical signal and / or the optical reference signal by a selected period of time.
  • a delay device may, for example, be an extension of the path of the optical signal and / or of the optical reference signal.
  • the time interval being controlled in dependence on the change in the time interval detected by the method.
  • the time interval is regulated by means of a feedback. It may be particularly advantageous to control the difference between the amplitudes of two selected adjacent order harmonics to zero.
  • an apparatus for detecting changes in a time interval between an optical or electrical signal and an optical or electrical reference signal having a photodetector, a filter unit and a meter, wherein in the case of an electrical signal and / or electrical reference signal, at least one electro-optical modulator is provided, which is designed to an optical signal or optical reference signal in dependence to modulate the electrical signal or electrical reference signal, the photodetector is configured to receive the optical signal and the optical reference signal and to output an electrical response signal at an output of the photodetector, the electrical response signal having a frequency spectrum that is a function of the time interval, the filter unit is connected to the output of the photodetector and configured to filter a selected harmonic from the frequency spectrum of the output electrical response signal, and the meter is connected to the filter unit and configured to detect changes in the time interval from changes in the amplitude of the selected harmonics.
  • the photodetector preferably has a high bandwidth, so that the frequency spectrum of the output electrical response signal comprises at least 5 harmonics.
  • the device comprises a second filter unit connected to the output of the photodetector and configured to filter a second selected harmonic from the frequency spectrum of the output electrical response signal, the measuring device being connected to the second filter unit and is adapted to changing the time interval from changes in the difference between the amplitude of the selected harmonic and the amplitude of the second selected harmonic to detect.
  • the method described above can be performed such that the detection of changes in the time interval is independent of amplitude fluctuations of the optical signal or optical reference signal.
  • At least one filter unit is integrated in the meter, i. the connection between at least one filter unit and the meter is guaranteed within the meter. It may also be advantageous if the device has a delay device that is configured to delay the optical signal and / or the optical reference signal by a selected period of time. Thus, the time interval can be set desired. Such a delay device may, for example, be an extension of the path of the optical signal and / or of the optical reference signal.
  • the device has a second photodetector, a further filter unit and a mixer, wherein the second photodetector is configured to receive the optical signal or the optical reference signal and to output a second electrical response signal at an output of the second photodetector, the second electrical response signal having a frequency spectrum, the further filter unit is connected to the output of the second photodetector and configured to filter a selected reference harmonic from the frequency spectrum of the output second electrical response signal, wherein the reference harmonic and the selected harmonic are of the same order, the mixer has a first input, a second input and an output, the first input being connected to the first input Filter unit is connected and the second input is connected to the further filter unit, and the mixer is configured to mix the reference harmonic and the selected filtered harmonic, output an output signal at the output of the mixer, and changes in the amplitude of the output signal are indicative of changes in the time interval.
  • the mixer and the further filter unit can be integrated in the measuring device. Furthermore, the measuring device may be connected via a feedback to a control unit, wherein the control unit is configured to regulate the time interval.
  • the control unit can, for example, control the repetition rate of the reference laser. This is useful, for example, if the reference laser itself is to be synchronized with an electrical reference signal of a microwave oscillator, i. the device is to perform the process in optical-electrical mode.
  • the control unit can also readjust an electrical signal which is to be synchronized with the reference optical signal of the reference laser, in which case the device should perform the method in the mode of electrical-optical.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show two schematic representations of a first and second advantageous embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a possible use of the invention for a length correction of the path of the signal.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a third embodiment of the invention.
  • Figures 5 and 6 show schematic representations of a fourth embodiment of the invention with two different uses for synchronization.
  • FIGS. 7 to 11 12 show schematic representations of optical signals and optical reference signals, respectively, as a function of time and as a function of frequency for different values of the time interval.
  • FIG. 12 shows the amplitude difference of the selected harmonic of order 44 and 45 as a function of time interval.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first preferred embodiment of the invention, wherein an optical signal 1 and an optical reference signal 3 meet a photodetector 5, the output of which is connected to a filter unit 7 in a measuring device 9.
  • the amplitudes A t of the optical signal 1 and the optical reference signal 3 are constant in time and the same size. Between the pulses of the optical signal 1 and the optical reference signal 3 is a time interval of ⁇ T.
  • the photodetector 5 now receives the optical signal 1 and the optical reference signal 3, it outputs an electrical response signal 15 at an output 13 of the photodetector 5.
  • the electrical response signal 15 has a frequency spectrum which depends on the time interval ⁇ T.
  • a selected harmonic from the frequency spectrum of the output electrical response signal 15 is filtered and its amplitude measured by the measuring device 9. It is then possible to detect changes in the measured amplitude of the selected harmonic changes in the time interval ⁇ T. For example, with temporally constant amplitude A t of the optical signal 1 and the optical reference signal 3, this is possible from changes in the measured amplitude as a direct measure.
  • the lower representation of the amplitude of the electrical response signal 15 therefore represents the discrete frequency spectrum, with the harmonics up to 46th order.
  • this embodiment of the method is less suitable since the amplitude of all harmonics A is 0 .
  • a (f) 0.5 * A 0 (1 + cos (0.01-2 ⁇ f / f 0 )) Has.
  • the harmonics of the orders 50, 150, 250, ..., etc. are extinguished respectively.
  • the envelope 17 has a period length of f 0 ⁇ T 0 / ⁇ T.
  • the sensitivity to changes in the time interval is in principle greater for harmonics of higher orders, ie at least of order 5 or higher.
  • the highest order still sensibly measurable within the bandwidth of the photodetector, for example the 46th order is most sensitive to a change in the time interval ⁇ T .
  • the envelope 17 has a minimum at this point, ie the magnitude of the gradient is zero, so that the sensitivity to changes in the time interval ⁇ T is relatively small, but it can thus be regulated to the zero point.
  • This can be metrologically advantageous.
  • the problem is, however, that a change in the amplitude by a change in the time interval ⁇ T contains no information about the direction of change in the time interval ⁇ T. So there are more tools necessary to determine the direction of change in the time interval ⁇ T.
  • FIG. 2 A second advantageous embodiment of the invention is in FIG. 2 shown, wherein the device comprises a second filter unit 19 which is connected to the measuring device 9 and integrated therein and is also connected to the output of the photodetector 5.
  • the second filter unit 19 is configured to filter a second selected harmonic from the frequency spectrum of the output electrical response signal 15.
  • the meter 9 is adapted to form the difference between the amplitude of the selected harmonic and the amplitude of the second selected harmonic, and to detect changes in the time interval ⁇ T from changes in the difference.
  • the difference ⁇ A is largely independent of fluctuations in the amplitude A t of the optical signal 1 or the optical reference signal 3, since these have the same effect on both amplitudes A 45 and A 44 and thus leave the difference ⁇ A untouched.
  • FIG. 3 shows a possible use of the invention for a length correction of the path of an optical signal 1 that requires an arrival time monitor 21 to be synchronized with other components (not shown).
  • an optical original signal 24 is generated by a mode-locked short-pulse laser 23, from which the optical signal 1 is branched off with a first semitransparent mirror 25.
  • the original signal 24 is also routed to the other components, which similarly branch off an optical signal 1 for synchronization. From the first mirror 25, the signal 1 via a light guide 27 to the arrival time monitor 21st guided. If, for example, the length of the light guide 27 changes as a result of the influence of temperature, this can impair the synchronization with other components.
  • the inventive method can be used.
  • a reference signal 3 is generated which represents a reflection by 180 ° of the signal 1.
  • the reference signal 3 thus runs in the light guide 27 to the signal 1 in the opposite direction.
  • a fourth semitransparent mirror 33 at an arbitrary position of the light guide 27 between the second 29 and third mirror 31 then branches off both the signal 1 and the reference signal 3 from a photodetector 5.
  • the reference signal 3 has then in contrast to the signal 1, the distance between the second 29 and third mirror 31, that is approximately the length of the light guide 27, pass twice before the photodetector 5 is reached.
  • the positions of the second 29 and / or the third mirror 31 can be adjusted so that the pulses of the signal 1 and the reference signal 3 having a desired time interval ⁇ T. This is preferably a distance in the range of 0.45 to 0.55 of the period T 0 of the signal 1 and the reference signal 3.
  • a connected to the output 13 of the photodetector 5 measuring device 9 can now with the inventive method, a change in the time interval ⁇ T detect. Such a change occurs when, for example, the length of the light guide 27 changes, since the reference signal 3 has passed through this twice as much as the signal 1.
  • This detected change for example, can now be carried as information to an actuator 32, which is configured to the length of the path of the light between the second 29 and third Regulate mirror 31 to compensate for the change in length of the light guide 27.
  • FIG. 4 shows a third preferred embodiment of the invention, wherein a second photodetector 33, a further filter unit 35 and a mixer 37 is used to detect changes in the time interval.
  • This can be advantageous, for example, if the amplitude of the selected harmonic is canceled at the setpoint of the time interval ⁇ T and should be regulated to this zero value.
  • the sign of the change in amplitude of an output signal at the mixer 37 then provides information about the direction of a change in the time interval ⁇ T.
  • a low-pass filter 49 which removes the oscillating component of the output signal
  • the signed amplitude change of the output signal can be extracted.
  • the amplitude change of the output signal then has a sign that depends on the direction of the change of the time interval, so that the direction of the change of the time interval can be determined from the output signal and controlled accordingly.
  • the second photodetector 33 is configured to receive a branched optical signal 1 and output a second electrical response signal 39 to an output 41 of the second photodetector 33.
  • the second electrical response signal 39 also has a frequency spectrum.
  • the further filter unit 35 is connected to the output 41 of the second photodetector and configured to filter a selected reference harmonic from the frequency spectrum of the output second electrical response signal 39.
  • the reference harmonic has the same order as the selected harmonic from the frequency spectrum that the first photodetector 5 outputs with the electrical response signal 15.
  • the mixer 37 has a first input 43, a second input 45 and an output 47, wherein the first input 43 is connected to the first filter unit 7 and the second input 45 is connected to the further filter unit 35.
  • the mixer 37 is adapted to mix the reference harmonic and the selected filtered harmonic output the output signal at the output 47 of the mixer 37, wherein in the signed amplitude change of the output signal a change of the time interval ⁇ T is detectable.
  • the mixer 37 and the further filter unit 35 can also be integrated in a measuring device 9.
  • FIG. 5 It is shown how the repetition rate of a short-pulse laser 23 is synchronized with an electrical reference signal of a microwave oscillator 51, that is, the method is used in the optical-electrical mode.
  • a second photodetector 33 and a further filter unit 35 are first used to filter a selected reference harmonic from a branched optical reference signal 3, which originates from the short-pulse laser 23. From the reference signal 3, the optical signal 1 is also branched off, which is passed via a delay device 53, for example in the form of an extension of the optical path.
  • the optical reference signal 3 then passes through an electro-optical modulator 55, which modulates the amplitude A t of the pulses of the reference signal 3 as a function of the electrical reference signal generated by the microwave oscillator 51 and applied to the input of the electro-optical modulator 55.
  • the optical signal 1 is then combined again with the now amplitude-modulated optical reference signal 3.
  • the delay device 53 is adjusted such that between pulses of the amplitude-modulated optical reference signal 3 and the pulses of the optical signal 1, a path difference of T 0/2 prevails. This gait difference is not to be confused with the time interval ⁇ T, which refers in this embodiment to the optical signal 1 and the reference electrical signal.
  • the first photodetector 5 thus has laser pulses at a frequency 2f 0 , of which every second pulse is amplitude-modulated as a function of the electrical reference signal.
  • the period T 0 of the reference optical signal 3 and the reference electrical signal are equal and the amplitude modulation extends as far as possible over the entire amplitude.
  • a change in the time interval ⁇ T is not due to a change in the path difference between the pulses of the optical signal 1 and the optical reference signal 3, the sensitivity to changes in the retardation should be minimized in this case.
  • a change in the path difference can be caused for example by a change in length of the path of the optical signal 1 and the optical reference signal 3. It may therefore be advantageous for these embodiments if a low order harmonic is selected to minimize, for example, the influence of changes in the length of the path of the optical signal 1 and the optical reference signal 3, respectively.
  • a mixer 37 In order to detect a change in the time interval ⁇ T from a change in a signed amplitude change of an output signal of a mixer 37 here too, a mixer 37 is provided which has a first input 43, a second input 45 and an output 47, wherein the first Input 43 is connected to the first filter unit 7 and the second input 45 is connected to the further filter unit 35.
  • the mixer 37 is adapted to mix the reference harmonic and the selected filtered harmonic output an output signal at the output 47 of the mixer 37, wherein in the signed amplitude change of the output signal a change of the time interval ⁇ T is detectable.
  • the mixer 37 and the further filter unit 35 are integrated here in a measuring device 9.
  • the output 47 of the mixer 37 is connected via a feedback 57 to a control unit 59 of the short pulse laser 23, which is adapted to control the repetition rate of the pulsed laser 23 by means of the output signal and hence to regulate the time interval ⁇ T.
  • FIG. 6 agrees except for the feedback FIG. 5 match, with the roles of the optical signal 1 and the optical reference signal 3 are reversed.
  • the optical signal 1 is synchronized with an electrical reference signal, but conversely, an electrical signal synchronized with the optical reference signal 3, that is, the method used in the mode of electrical-optical.
  • the optical reference signal 3 is branched off here from the optical signal 1 of the short-pulse laser 23, the optical signal 1 being amplitude-modulated in accordance with the electrical signal by an electro-optical modulator 55.
  • the output 47 of the mixer 37 is connected via a feedback 57 to a control unit 59 of the microwave oscillator 51, which is designed to control the phase shift of the microwave oscillator 51 by means of the signed amplitude change of the output signal and thus the time interval to regulate ⁇ T.

Claims (15)

  1. Procédé de détection de variations d'un intervalle de temps (ΔT) entre un signal optique (1) ou électrique et un signal de référence optique (3) ou électrique, en utilisant un photodétecteur (5), comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    - si le signal est électrique, modulation d'un signal optique (1) en fonction du signal électrique,
    - si le signal de référence est électrique, modulation d'un signal de référence optique (3), en fonction du signal de référence électrique,
    - réception du signal optique (1) et du signal de référence optique (3) par le photodétecteur (5),
    - émission d'un signal de réponse électrique (15) à une sortie (13) du photodétecteur (5), le signal de réponse électrique (15) présentant un spectre de fréquences qui est fonction de l'intervalle de temps (ΔT),
    - filtrage d'une harmonique sélectionnée du spectre de fréquences du signal de réponse électrique (15) émis, et
    - détection de variations de l'intervalle de temps (ΔT) à partir de variations de l'amplitude de l'harmonique sélectionnée.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, selon lequel le signal optique (1) et/ou le signal de référence optique (3) est/sont produit(s) par un ou plusieurs lasers à impulsions courtes (23) à couplage de modes.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, selon lequel l'intervalle de temps (ΔT) est réglé à une valeur dans la plage allant de 0,4 à 0,6, de préférence de 0,45 à 0,55, de la durée de période (To) du signal optique (1).
  4. Procédé selon une des revendications précédentes, selon lequel l'harmonique sélectionnée est une harmonique d'ordre élevé, c'est-à-dire d'ordre 5 ou plus.
  5. Procédé selon une des revendications précédentes, selon lequel on filtre en plus une deuxième harmonique sélectionnée du spectre de fréquences du signal de réponse électrique (15) émis, et une variation de la différence (ΔA) entre l'amplitude de l'harmonique sélectionnée et l'amplitude de la deuxième harmonique sélectionnée sert de mesure pour la variation de l'intervalle de temps (ΔT).
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, selon lequel la deuxième harmonique sélectionnée est d'un ordre qui est inférieur ou supérieur de un à l'ordre de l'harmonique sélectionnée.
  7. Procédé selon une des revendications précédentes, selon lequel au moins une harmonique est sélectionnée ou l'intervalle de temps (ΔT) est réglé de manière telle que, en présence de la fréquence de l'harmonique sélectionnée, la valeur du gradient de l'enveloppante (17) du spectre de fréquences soit maximale.
  8. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 6, selon lequel au moins une harmonique est sélectionnée ou l'intervalle de temps (ΔT) est réglé de manière telle que, en présence de la fréquence de l'harmonique sélectionnée, la valeur de l'enveloppante (17) du spectre de fréquences soit minimale.
  9. Procédé selon une des revendications précédentes, le procédé comprenant les étapes supplémentaires suivantes :
    - réception du signal optique (1)ou du signal de référence optique (3) par un deuxième photodétecteur (33),
    - émission d'un deuxième signal de réponse électrique (39) à une sortie (41) du deuxième photodétecteur (33), le deuxième signal de réponse électrique (39) présentant un spectre de fréquences,
    - filtrage d'une harmonique de référence du spectre de fréquences du deuxième signal de réponse électrique (39) émis, l'harmonique de référence et l'harmonique sélectionnée étant du même ordre,
    - mélange de l'harmonique de référence et de l'harmonique sélectionnée filtrée, dans un mélangeur (37),
    - émission d'un signal de sortie à une sortie (47) du mélangeur (37), et
    - détection de variations de l'intervalle de temps (ΔT), sachant que des variations de l'amplitude du signal de sortie servent de mesure pour des variations de l'intervalle de temps (ΔT);
  10. Procédé selon une des revendications précédentes, selon lequel un élément de temporisation (53) retarde le signal optique (1) et/ou le signal de référence optique (3) d'un laps de temps sélectionné.
  11. Dispositif de détection de variations d'un intervalle de temps (ΔT) entre un signal optique (1) ou électrique et un signal de référence optique (3) ou électrique, comprenant un photodétecteur (5), une unité de filtrage (7) et un appareil de mesure (9), sachant que
    dans le cas d'un signal électrique et/ou d'un signal de référence électrique, il est prévu au moins un modulateur électro-optique (55) qui est agencé pour moduler un signal optique (1) et/ou un signal de référence optique (3), en fonction du signal électrique et/ou du signal de référence électrique,
    le photodétecteur (5) est agencé pour recevoir le signal optique (1) et le signal de référence optique (3) et émettre un signal de réponse électrique (15) à une sortie (13) du photodétecteur (5), le signal de réponse électrique (15) présentant un spectre de fréquences qui est fonction de l'intervalle de temps (ΔT),
    l'unité de filtrage (7) est raccordée à la sortie (13) du photodétecteur (5) et est agencée pour filtrer une harmonique sélectionnée du spectre de fréquences du signal de réponse électrique (15) émis, et
    l'appareil de mesure (9) est raccordé à l'unité de filtrage (7) et est agencé pour détecter des variations de l'intervalle de temps (ΔT) à partir de variations de l'amplitude de l'harmonique sélectionnée.
  12. Dispositif selon la revendication 11, le dispositif présentant une deuxième unité de filtrage (19) qui est raccordée à la sortie (13) du photodétecteur (5) et est agencée pour filtrer une deuxième harmonique sélectionnée du spectre de fréquences du signal de réponse électrique (15) émis, l'appareil de mesure (9) étant raccordé à la deuxième unité de filtrage (19) et étant conçu pour détecter des variations de l'intervalle de temps (ΔT) à partir de variations de la différence (ΔA) entre l'amplitude de l'harmonique sélectionnée et l'amplitude de la deuxième harmonique sélectionnée.
  13. Dispositif selon la revendication 11 ou 12, le dispositif présentant un élément de temporisation (53) qui est conçu pour retarder le signal optique (1) et/ou le signal de référence optique (3) d'un laps de temps sélectionné.
  14. Dispositif selon une des revendications 11 à 13, le dispositif présentant un deuxième photodétecteur (33), une unité de filtrage (35) supplémentaire et un mélangeur (37), sachant que
    le deuxième photodétecteur (33) est agencé pour recevoir le signal optique (1) ou le signal de référence optique (3) et pour émettre un deuxième signal de réponse électrique (39) à une sortie (41) du deuxième photodétecteur (33), le deuxième signal de réponse électrique (39) présentant un spectre de fréquences,
    l'unité de filtrage (35) supplémentaire est raccordée à la sortie (41) du deuxième photodétecteur (33) et est agencée pour filtrer une harmonique de référence sélectionnée du spectre de fréquences du deuxième signal de réponse électrique (39) émis, l'harmonique de référence et l'harmonique sélectionnée étant du même ordre,
    le mélangeur (37) présente une première entrée (43), une deuxième entrée (45) et une sortie (47), la première entrée (43) étant raccordée à l'unité de filtrage (5), et la deuxième entrée étant raccordée à l'unité de filtrage (35) supplémentaire, et
    le mélangeur (37) est conçu pour mélanger l'harmonique de référence et l'harmonique sélectionnée filtrée, pour émettre un signal de sortie à la sortie (47) du mélangeur (37), des variations de l'intervalle de temps (ΔT) pouvant être détectées à partir de variations de l'amplitude du signal de sortie.
  15. Dispositif selon une des revendications 11 à 14, dans lequel l'appareil de mesure (9) est raccordé à une unité de commande (57) par l'intermédiaire d'une rétroaction, l'unité de commande (57) étant conçue pour régler l'intervalle de temps (ΔT).
EP09010549A 2008-08-22 2009-08-17 Détection des variations d'un intervalle de temps entre des signaux optiques ou électriques Not-in-force EP2172817B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

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SI200930532T SI2172817T1 (sl) 2008-08-22 2009-08-17 Odkrivanje sprememb časovnega intervala med optičnimi in električnimi signali

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DE102008045359A DE102008045359B3 (de) 2008-08-22 2008-08-22 Detektion von Veränderungen eines Zeitabstands optischer oder elektrischer Signale

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US8686895B2 (en) * 2011-04-29 2014-04-01 Rosemount Tank Radar Ab Pulsed radar level gauge system with higher order harmonic regulation
DE102011111114A1 (de) 2011-08-19 2013-02-21 Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron Desy System und Verfahren zum Erzeugen eines Synchronisationssteuersignals
JP5894849B2 (ja) 2012-04-25 2016-03-30 Ｐｒｉｍｅｔａｌｓ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｅｓ Ｊａｐａｎ株式会社 作業ロールシフト機能を具備した多段圧延機
US10050722B2 (en) * 2014-10-17 2018-08-14 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of Commerce Signal generator, process for making and using same
US10139699B2 (en) * 2017-03-09 2018-11-27 Harris Corporation Electro-optic communications device with frequency conversion and multi-mode optical fiber and related methods

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JPS62237344A (ja) * 1986-04-08 1987-10-17 Hamamatsu Photonics Kk 時間分解測定システム
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DE102008045359B3 (de) 2010-05-20
EP2172817A2 (fr) 2010-04-07
US20100098408A1 (en) 2010-04-22
EP2172817A3 (fr) 2011-03-02
US8242767B2 (en) 2012-08-14
SI2172817T1 (sl) 2013-04-30
JP5543742B2 (ja) 2014-07-09
JP2010066255A (ja) 2010-03-25

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