EP2171112A1 - Procede de fabrication de tôles d'acier a hautes caracteristiques de resistance et de ductilite, et tôles ainsi produites - Google Patents
Procede de fabrication de tôles d'acier a hautes caracteristiques de resistance et de ductilite, et tôles ainsi produitesInfo
- Publication number
- EP2171112A1 EP2171112A1 EP08830766A EP08830766A EP2171112A1 EP 2171112 A1 EP2171112 A1 EP 2171112A1 EP 08830766 A EP08830766 A EP 08830766A EP 08830766 A EP08830766 A EP 08830766A EP 2171112 A1 EP2171112 A1 EP 2171112A1
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- Prior art keywords
- steel
- sheet
- composition
- temperature
- content
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0263—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
- C23C2/022—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas by heating
- C23C2/0224—Two or more thermal pretreatments
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
- C23C2/024—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas by cleaning or etching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/12—Aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
- Y10T428/1275—Next to Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12757—Fe
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12785—Group IIB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12792—Zn-base component
- Y10T428/12799—Next to Fe-base component [e.g., galvanized]
Definitions
- the invention relates to the manufacture of sheets or hot-rolled parts of so-called "multiphase" steels, simultaneously having a very high strength and a deformation capacity for performing cold or warm shaping operations.
- the invention more specifically relates to predominantly bainitic microstructure steels having a strength greater than 800 MPa and an elongation rate greater than 10% rupture.
- TRIP Transform Induced Plasticity
- an even greater resistance ie a level greater than 800 MPa 1 has developed multiphase steels predominantly bainitic structure; in the automotive industry or in the general industry, these steels are used profitably for the manufacture of structural parts.
- the ability to shape these parts however, simultaneously requires sufficient elongation. This requirement may also be required when the parts are welded and then shaped: in this case, the welded joints must have a sufficient fitness for shaping and not lead to premature fractures at the joints.
- the present invention aims to solve the problems mentioned above.
- the invention aims to provide a hot-rolled steel sheet having a mechanical strength greater than 800 MPa together with an elongation rate greater than 10% fracture, both in long direction and in cross-direction relative to the rolling .
- the invention also aims at providing a steel sheet that is not very sensitive to damage during cutting by a mechanical method. It also aims to have a steel sheet having a good aptitude for forming welded assemblies made from this steel, in particular assemblies obtained by welding LASER.
- the invention also aims to provide a method of manufacturing a steel sheet in the uncoated, electrogalvanized or galvanized, or aluminized state. This therefore requires that the mechanical characteristics of this steel are insensitive to the thermal cycles associated with continuous dipping zinc coating processes.
- the invention also aims to have a sheet or piece of hot rolled steel available even in small thickness, that is to say for example between 1 and 5mm. The hot hardness of the steel must not be too high to facilitate rolling.
- the subject of the invention is a sheet or piece of hot-rolled steel with a resistance greater than 800 MPa, with an elongation at break greater than 10%, the composition of which comprises the contents being expressed by weight: 0.050% ⁇ C ⁇ 0.090%, 1% ⁇ Mn ⁇ 2%, 0.015% ⁇ Al ⁇ 0.050%, 0.1% ⁇ If ⁇ 0.3%, 0.10% ⁇ Mo ⁇ 0.40%, S ⁇ 0.010%, P ⁇ 0.025%, 0.003% ⁇ N ⁇ 0.009%, 0.12% ⁇ V ⁇ 0.22%, Ti ⁇ 0.005 %, Nb 0,0 0.020% and optionally Cr 0,4 0.45%, the remainder of the composition consisting of iron and unavoidable impurities resulting from the preparation, the microstructure of the sheet or the steel piece comprising, in surface fraction, at least 80% of higher bainite, the optional supplement consisting of lower bainite, martensite and residual austenite, the sum of the martensite and residual austenite contents being less than
- the composition comprises, the content being expressed by weight:
- the composition comprises: 1.4% ⁇ Mn ⁇ 1.8%.
- the composition comprises: 0.020% ⁇ Al ⁇ 0.040%.
- the composition of the steel preferably comprises: 0.12% ⁇ V ⁇ 0.16%.
- the composition of the steel comprises 0.18% ⁇ Mo ⁇ 0.30%.
- the composition comprises: Nb ⁇ 0.005%
- the composition comprises: 0.20% ⁇ Cr ⁇ 0.45%
- the sheet or part is coated with a coating based on zinc or based on aluminum.
- the subject of the invention is also a piece of steel with a composition and a microstructure defined above, characterized in that it is obtained by heating at a temperature T of between 400 and 690 ° C. and then a warm stamping in a temperature range between 35O 0 C and (T-20 ° C), then a subsequent cooling to room temperature.
- the invention also relates to a beam welded assembly with high energy density made from a sheet or piece of steel in one of the modes above.
- the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a sheet or piece of hot-rolled steel with a resistance greater than 800 MPa, elongation at break greater than 10%, according to which a steel of the above composition is supplied, a semi-product is cast which is heated to a temperature above 1150 ° C.
- the semi-finished product is hot-rolled at a temperature T F ⁇ _ in a temperature range where the microstructure of the steel is entirely austenitic so as to obtain a sheet. It is then cooled to a cooling rate V R of 75 and 200 0 CVs 1 and the sheet is reeled at a T bob temperature between 500 and 600 0 C.
- the end temperature of rolling TFL is between 870 and 930 ° C.
- the cooling rate V R is between 80 and 150 ° C / s.
- the sheet is pickled, then optionally skin-passed, and then coated with zinc or zinc alloy.
- the coating is carried out continuously by dipping.
- the subject of the invention is also a process for manufacturing a hot-stamped part, according to which a steel sheet is supplied according to one of the above characteristics, or manufactured by a method according to one of the above-mentioned characteristics. above, then cutting said sheet to obtain a blank.
- the blank is heated partially or completely to a temperature T of between 400 and 690 ° C., where a hold lasting less than 15 minutes is carried out so as to obtain a heated blank, and then the heated blank is pressed at a temperature between 350 and T-20 ° C, to obtain a room which is cooled to room temperature with a speed V ' R According to a particular mode, the speed V' R is between 25 and 100 ° C / s.
- the invention also relates to the use of a hot-rolled steel sheet according to one of the above modes, or manufactured by a method according to one of the above modes for the manufacture of parts of structure or reinforcement elements, in the automotive field.
- FIG. 1 illustrates the influence of the carbon content on the long-term elongation of splicing welds made by LASER beam
- FIG. 2 illustrates the microstructure of a sheet or piece of steel according to the invention
- FIG. 3 illustrates the microstructure of a piece of hot-stamped steel according to the invention.
- carbon plays an important role on the formation of the microstructure and on the mechanical properties. .
- the carbon content is between 0.050 and 0.090% by weight: Below 0.050%, sufficient strength can not be obtained. Beyond 0.090%, the microstructure formed consists mainly of lower bainite, this structure being characterized by the presence of carbides precipitated within bainitic ferrite slats: the mechanical strength thus obtained is high but the elongation is then significantly reduced. According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the carbon content is between 0.050 and 0.070%.
- Figure 1 illustrates the influence of carbon content on the long-term elongation of LASER beam splicing welds: a particularly high breaking elongation of 17-23% is associated with a carbon content. ranging from 0.050 to 0.070%.
- the carbon content is greater than 0.070% and less than or equal to 0.090%: even if this range does not lead to such a high ductility, the elongation at break of the LASER welds is greater than 15% and remains comparable to that of the base steel sheet.
- manganese increases the quenchability and avoids the formation of ferrite cooling after rolling. Manganese also helps to deoxidize steel during liquid phase processing. The addition of manganese also contributes to effective solid solution hardening and increased strength. Preferentially, the manganese is between 1.4 and 1.8%: thus forming a completely bainitic structure without risk of appearance of harmful band structure.
- aluminum is an effective element for the deoxidation of steel. This efficiency is obtained in a particularly economical and stable manner when the aluminum content is between 0.020 and 0.040%.
- silicon contributes to liquid phase deoxidation and hardening in solid solution.
- An addition of silicon above 0.3% causes the formation of strongly adherent oxides and the possible appearance of surface defects, due in particular to a lack of wettability in dip galvanizing operations.
- molybdenum retards bainitic transformation during cooling after rolling, contributes to hardening by solid solution and refines the size of bainitic slats.
- the molybdenum content is less than or equal to 0.40% to prevent the excessive formation of quenching structures.
- This limited molybdenum content also makes it possible to lower the manufacturing cost.
- the molybdenum content is greater than or equal to 0.18% and less than or equal to 0.30%.
- the level is ideally adjusted to avoid the formation of ferrite or perlite in the steel sheet on the cooling table after hot rolling.
- sulfur tends to precipitate excessively in the form of manganese sulphides which greatly reduce the shaping ability.
- Phosphorus is a known element to segregate at grain boundaries. Its content must be limited to 0.025% in order to maintain sufficient hot ductility.
- the composition may comprise chromium in an amount of less than or equal to 0.45%. Thanks to the other elements of the composition and to the process according to the invention, its presence is however not absolutely necessary, which has the advantage of avoiding expensive additions.
- An addition of chromium between 0.20 and 0.45% can be carried out in addition to the other elements increasing the quenchability: below 0.20%, the effect on the quenchability is not sufficiently marked. Above 0.45%, the coating can be reduced.
- the steel contains less than 0.005% Ti and less than 0.020% Nb.
- these elements fix too much nitrogen in the form of nitrides or carbonitrides.
- excessive precipitation of niobium would increase the hot hardness and would not easily allow the realization of thin-rolled hot-rolled sheets.
- the niobium content is less than 0.005%
- Vanadium is an important element according to the invention: the steel contains a vanadium content of between 0.12 and 0.22%. Compared to a vanadium-free steel, the increase in strength due to a hardening precipitation of carbonitrides can be up to 300 MPa. Below 0.12%, there is no significant effect on the mechanical tensile characteristics. Beyond 0.22% of vanadium, under the manufacturing conditions according to the invention, there is a saturation of the effect on the mechanical characteristics. A content of less than 0.22% thus makes it possible to obtain high mechanical characteristics in a very economical manner with respect to steels which contain higher levels of vanadium.
- the nitrogen content is greater than or equal to 0.003% in order to obtain a precipitation of vanadium carbonitrides in a sufficient quantity.
- the nitrogen content is less than or equal to 0.009% to avoid the presence of solid solution nitrogen or the formation of larger carbonitrides, which would reduce ductility.
- the rest of the composition consists of unavoidable impurities resulting from the preparation, such as for example Sb, Sn, As.
- the microstructure of the sheet or piece of steel according to the invention consists of: at least 80% higher bainite, this structure consisting of bainitic ferrite slats and carbides located between these slats, the precipitation occurring during bainitic transformation.
- This matrix has high strength properties combined with high ductility.
- the microstructure consists of at least 90% higher bainite: the microstructure is then very homogeneous and avoids a localization of the deformations.
- the structure contains:
- the steel sheet according to the invention has a particular aptitude for certain demanding deformation modes such as the expansion of holes, the mechanical stressing of cut edges, folding.
- a steel composition is provided according to the invention, then proceeds to the casting of a semi-product from this steel.
- This casting may be carried out in ingots, or continuously in the form of slabs of thickness of the order of 200 mm.
- the casting can also be carried out in the form of thin slabs of a few tens of millimeters thick, or thin strips, between contra-rotating steel rolls.
- the cast half-products are first brought to a temperature above 1150X to reach at any point a temperature favorable to the high deformations that the steel will undergo during rolling.
- the hot rolling step of these semi-products starting at more than 1150 ° C. can be done directly after casting so well. that an intermediate heating step is not necessary in this case.
- the semi-finished product is hot-rolled in a temperature range where the structure of the steel is totally austenitic to a TFL end-of-rolling temperature.
- the temperature TFL is preferably between
- Cooling is then carried out at a speed V R of between 75 and
- 200 ° C / s a minimum speed of 75 ° C / s avoids the formation of proeutectoid ferrite and perlite, while a VR speed of less than or equal to 200 ° C / s avoids excessive formation of martensite.
- the speed VR is between 80 and 150 ° C / s:
- a minimum speed of 80 ° C / s leads to the formation of superior bainite with a very small slat size, combined with excellent mechanical properties.
- a speed lower than 150 0 CVs makes it possible to avoid most of the formation of martensite.
- the cooling rate range according to the invention can be obtained by means of a water spray or an air-water mixture, depending on the thickness of the sheet, at the output of the finishing mill.
- the hot rolled sheet is wound at a T bob temperature between 500 and 600 ° C.
- the bainitic transformation occurs during this winding phase; in this way, the formation of proeutectoid ferrite or perlite caused by a too high winding temperature is avoided and the formation of quenching constituents which is caused by a too low winding temperature is also avoided.
- the precipitation of carbonitrides occurring in this winding temperature range makes it possible to obtain additional hardening.
- the sheet can be used in the bare state or coated.
- the coating may be for example a coating based on zinc or aluminum.
- the sheet is scoured after rolling according to a method known per se, so as to obtain a surface state suitable to promote the implementation of the subsequent coating.
- the sheet may be subjected to a slight cold deformation, usually less than 1% ("skin-pass").
- the sheet is then coated with zinc or aluminum. a zinc-based alloy, for example by electrogalvanizing or continuous galvanizing dipping.
- a zinc-based alloy for example by electrogalvanizing or continuous galvanizing dipping.
- the particular microstructure of the steel mainly composed of higher bainite, is not very sensitive to the thermal conditions of the subsequent galvanizing treatment, so that the mechanical characteristics of the sheets coated continuously with dipping have a great stability even in case of untimely fluctuation of these conditions.
- the sheet in the galvanized state therefore has mechanical characteristics very similar to those in the naked state.
- the sheets are then cut by methods known in themselves from in order to obtain blanks suitable for shaping.
- the inventors have also demonstrated that it was possible to take advantage of the microstructure according to the invention to produce stamped parts in a particularly advantageous manner according to the following method: firstly the blanks defined above are heated to a temperature T between 400 and 690 ° C.
- the holding time at this temperature can be up to 15 minutes without there being any risk that the resistance Rm of the final part decreases below 800 MPa.
- the heating temperature must be greater than 400 0 C to sufficiently decrease the flow limit of the steel and allow the stamping to follow with little effort, and ensure that the springback of the stamped part is also minimal which allows the manufacture of part with a good geometric precision.
- This temperature is limited to 69O 0 C on the one hand to avoid a partial transformation to austenite heating, which would lead to the formation of quenching constituents on cooling, on the other hand to avoid a softening of the matrix that would lead to a resistance less than 800MPa on the stamped part.
- the particular microstructure of the steels according to the invention has a high stability of mechanical properties (strength, elongation) during hot stamping: indeed, a variation of the stamping temperature or cooling speed after stamping, do not lead to a significant modification of the microstructure and precipitates such as carbonitrides.
- a modification of the M-A compounds possibly present in a small initial amount does not result in a degradation of the mechanical properties. For example, there is no negative influence related to a destabilization of the residual austenite.
- microstructure after hot stamping is very close to the microstructure before stamping. In this way, if one warms and hot stamps not all of a blank, but only a part (the part to be stamped having been locally heated by a suitable means, for example by induction) the microstructure and the properties of the final piece will be homogeneous in its different parts.
- the microstructure of the steel 11 illustrated in FIG. 2 comprises more than 80% of higher bainite, the remainder consisting of lower bainite and MA compounds.
- the total content of martensite and residual austenite is less than 5%.
- the size of the old austenitic grains and bainitic batten bundles is about 10 microns.
- the limitation of the size of the batten packets and the strong disorientation between the adjacent packets results in a high resistance to the propagation of any microcracks. Due to the small difference in hardness between the various constituents of the microstructure, the steel is not very sensitive to damage during cutting by a mechanical process.
- the steel sheet R1 having a carbon content too high and a vanadium content too low, has an elongation insufficient rupture.
- the R2 steel has a carbon content and phosphorus too high, its winding temperature is also too low. As a result, its elongation at break is also significantly less than 10%.
- LASER autogenous welded joints were made under the following conditions: power: 4.5kW, welding speed: 2.5m / min. The elongation in the long direction of the LASER welds of the steel 1-1 is 17%, whereas it is 10 and 13% respectively for the R-1 and R-2 steels. These values lead, particularly for steel R1, to difficulties in stamping welded joints.
- Steel sheets 11 according to the invention were also galvanized under the following conditions: after heating at 68O 0 C, the sheets were cooled to 455 ° C and then quenched continuously in a Zn bath at this temperature and finally cooled to room temperature.
- a steel sheet 1-1 made using the parameters defined in Table 2 for this steel, was cut to obtain blanks. After heating at temperatures T of 400 ° C. or 690 ° C., keeping at these temperatures for 7 or 10 minutes and hot-drawing at temperatures of 350 ° C. or 640 ° C. respectively, the parts obtained were cooled to a speed V 'R 25 ° C / sec 100 ° C / s to room temperature.
- the speed V ' R denotes the average speed of cooling between the temperature T and the ambient temperature.
- the mechanical strength Rm of the parts thus obtained is indicated in Table 4:
- the stamped parts according to the conditions of the invention thus have a low sensitivity to a variation of the manufacturing conditions: after heating at 400 ° C., the final resistance varies little (10 MPa) when the duration of the heating and / or the speed of the cooling are modified. Even for heating at 690 ° C., the resistance of the piece obtained is greater than 800 MPa.
- the structure is substantially identical to that of the unembossed sheet with moderate, as illustrated in Figure 3 on a heated room at 400 0 C for 7 minutes and then pressed at 38O 0 C.
- the invention allows the manufacture of laminations or pieces of bainitic matrix steels without excessive addition of expensive elements. These combine high strength and high ductility.
- the steel sheets according to the invention are used profitably for the manufacture of structural parts or reinforcement elements in the automotive field and general industry.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP08830766A EP2171112B1 (fr) | 2007-07-19 | 2008-07-09 | Procede de fabrication de tôles d'acier a hautes caracteristiques de resistance et de ductilite, et tôles ainsi produites |
| PL08830766T PL2171112T3 (pl) | 2007-07-19 | 2008-07-09 | Sposób wytwarzania blach stalowych o dobrych własnościach wytrzymałościowych i plastycznych oraz blachy tak wytworzone |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07290908A EP2020451A1 (fr) | 2007-07-19 | 2007-07-19 | Procédé de fabrication de tôles d'acier à hautes caractéristiques de résistance et de ductilité, et tôles ainsi produites |
| PCT/FR2008/000993 WO2009034250A1 (fr) | 2007-07-19 | 2008-07-09 | Procede de fabrication de tôles d'acier a hautes caracteristiques de resistance et de ductilite, et tôles ainsi produites |
| EP08830766A EP2171112B1 (fr) | 2007-07-19 | 2008-07-09 | Procede de fabrication de tôles d'acier a hautes caracteristiques de resistance et de ductilite, et tôles ainsi produites |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2171112A1 true EP2171112A1 (fr) | 2010-04-07 |
| EP2171112B1 EP2171112B1 (fr) | 2011-11-23 |
Family
ID=38775251
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07290908A Withdrawn EP2020451A1 (fr) | 2007-07-19 | 2007-07-19 | Procédé de fabrication de tôles d'acier à hautes caractéristiques de résistance et de ductilité, et tôles ainsi produites |
| EP08830766A Active EP2171112B1 (fr) | 2007-07-19 | 2008-07-09 | Procede de fabrication de tôles d'acier a hautes caracteristiques de resistance et de ductilite, et tôles ainsi produites |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07290908A Withdrawn EP2020451A1 (fr) | 2007-07-19 | 2007-07-19 | Procédé de fabrication de tôles d'acier à hautes caractéristiques de résistance et de ductilité, et tôles ainsi produites |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (3) | US20100221573A1 (fr) |
| EP (2) | EP2020451A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP5298127B2 (fr) |
| KR (5) | KR20140044407A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN101784688B (fr) |
| AR (1) | AR067594A1 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE534756T1 (fr) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0814514B1 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2694069C (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2375429T3 (fr) |
| MA (1) | MA31525B1 (fr) |
| PL (1) | PL2171112T3 (fr) |
| RU (1) | RU2451764C2 (fr) |
| UA (1) | UA98798C2 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2009034250A1 (fr) |
| ZA (1) | ZA201000290B (fr) |
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| US12084739B2 (en) | 2019-02-18 | 2024-09-10 | Kobe Steel, Ltd. | Steel sheet |
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| CN103249847B (zh) * | 2010-11-10 | 2015-06-10 | Posco公司 | 制造抗拉强度等级为590MPa、可加工性优异且力学性能偏差小的高强度冷轧/热轧TRIP钢的方法 |
| WO2012127125A1 (fr) * | 2011-03-24 | 2012-09-27 | Arcelormittal Investigatión Y Desarrollo Sl | Tôle d'acier laminée à chaud et procédé de fabrication associé |
| PL2889395T3 (pl) * | 2012-08-21 | 2018-03-30 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | Materiał stalowy |
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| KR101318060B1 (ko) * | 2013-05-09 | 2013-10-15 | 현대제철 주식회사 | 인성이 향상된 핫스탬핑 부품 및 그 제조 방법 |
| WO2015037059A1 (fr) * | 2013-09-10 | 2015-03-19 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Procédé pour fabriquer un article moulé à la presse, et article moulé à la presse |
| RU2648104C2 (ru) * | 2013-09-18 | 2018-03-22 | Ниппон Стил Энд Сумитомо Метал Корпорейшн | Горячештампованная деталь и способ ее изготовления |
| CN105874091A (zh) * | 2014-01-06 | 2016-08-17 | 新日铁住金株式会社 | 热成形构件及其制造方法 |
| ES2745428T3 (es) | 2014-01-06 | 2020-03-02 | Nippon Steel Corp | Acero y método para fabricar el mismo |
| JP6177733B2 (ja) * | 2014-01-28 | 2017-08-09 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 加工硬化能が大きく一様伸びと溶接性に優れた低降伏比高強度鋼板およびその製造方法 |
| EP2905348B1 (fr) * | 2014-02-07 | 2019-09-04 | ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG | Produit en acier plat de haute résistance avec une structure bainitique-martensitique et procédé de fabrication d'un tel produit acier plat |
| WO2016001706A1 (fr) | 2014-07-03 | 2016-01-07 | Arcelormittal | Procédé de fabrication d'une tôle d'acier haute résistance ayant une résistance et une aptitude au formage améliorées et feuille ainsi obtenue |
| WO2016001702A1 (fr) | 2014-07-03 | 2016-01-07 | Arcelormittal | Procédé de fabrication d'une tôle d'acier revêtue à haute résistance présentant une résistance, une ductilité et une formabilité améliorées |
| WO2016001710A1 (fr) | 2014-07-03 | 2016-01-07 | Arcelormittal | Procédé de fabrication d'un acier revêtu à haute résistance ayant une résistance et une ductilité améliorée et tôle obtenue |
| WO2016001700A1 (fr) | 2014-07-03 | 2016-01-07 | Arcelormittal | Procédé de production d'une tôle d'acier à haute résistance présentant une résistance, une ductilité et une aptitude au formage améliorées |
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| KR102462210B1 (ko) † | 2014-10-09 | 2022-11-03 | 티센크루프 스틸 유럽 악티엔게젤샤프트 | 냉간 압연되고 재결정 어닐링된 평강 제품 및 평강 제품의 제조 방법 |
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| WO2021123877A1 (fr) | 2019-12-17 | 2021-06-24 | Arcelormittal | Tôle d'acier laminée à chaud et son procédé de fabrication |
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2007
- 2007-07-19 EP EP07290908A patent/EP2020451A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-07-09 KR KR1020147007669A patent/KR20140044407A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2008-07-09 KR KR1020157029946A patent/KR20150123957A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2008-07-09 AT AT08830766T patent/ATE534756T1/de active
- 2008-07-09 KR KR1020127034336A patent/KR20130010030A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2008-07-09 WO PCT/FR2008/000993 patent/WO2009034250A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2008-07-09 JP JP2010516534A patent/JP5298127B2/ja active Active
- 2008-07-09 US US12/669,188 patent/US20100221573A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-07-09 UA UAA201001690A patent/UA98798C2/ru unknown
- 2008-07-09 PL PL08830766T patent/PL2171112T3/pl unknown
- 2008-07-09 CN CN2008801040865A patent/CN101784688B/zh active Active
- 2008-07-09 CA CA2694069A patent/CA2694069C/fr active Active
- 2008-07-09 EP EP08830766A patent/EP2171112B1/fr active Active
- 2008-07-09 BR BRPI0814514A patent/BRPI0814514B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2008-07-09 KR KR1020107003457A patent/KR20100037147A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2008-07-09 KR KR1020187002754A patent/KR101892423B1/ko active Active
- 2008-07-09 ES ES08830766T patent/ES2375429T3/es active Active
- 2008-07-09 RU RU2010105699/02A patent/RU2451764C2/ru active
- 2008-07-18 AR ARP080103095A patent/AR067594A1/es active IP Right Grant
-
2010
- 2010-01-15 ZA ZA201000290A patent/ZA201000290B/xx unknown
- 2010-01-18 MA MA32523A patent/MA31525B1/fr unknown
-
2014
- 2014-12-18 US US14/575,475 patent/US10214792B2/en active Active
-
2018
- 2018-01-25 US US15/879,944 patent/US10428400B2/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2009034250A1 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020065422A1 (fr) | 2018-09-28 | 2020-04-02 | Arcelormittal | Tôle d'acier laminée à chaud et son procédé de fabrication |
| WO2020065381A1 (fr) | 2018-09-28 | 2020-04-02 | Arcelormittal | Tôle d'acier laminée à chaud et son procédé de fabrication |
| US12084739B2 (en) | 2019-02-18 | 2024-09-10 | Kobe Steel, Ltd. | Steel sheet |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL2171112T3 (pl) | 2012-04-30 |
| CN101784688A (zh) | 2010-07-21 |
| KR20180014843A (ko) | 2018-02-09 |
| KR20140044407A (ko) | 2014-04-14 |
| MA31525B1 (fr) | 2010-07-01 |
| KR20150123957A (ko) | 2015-11-04 |
| UA98798C2 (ru) | 2012-06-25 |
| AR067594A1 (es) | 2009-10-14 |
| CN101784688B (zh) | 2011-11-23 |
| BRPI0814514B1 (pt) | 2019-09-03 |
| ES2375429T3 (es) | 2012-02-29 |
| KR20130010030A (ko) | 2013-01-24 |
| BRPI0814514A2 (pt) | 2015-02-03 |
| ZA201000290B (en) | 2010-10-27 |
| US20150203932A1 (en) | 2015-07-23 |
| CA2694069A1 (fr) | 2009-03-19 |
| US20180148806A1 (en) | 2018-05-31 |
| WO2009034250A1 (fr) | 2009-03-19 |
| JP5298127B2 (ja) | 2013-09-25 |
| KR101892423B1 (ko) | 2018-08-27 |
| EP2020451A1 (fr) | 2009-02-04 |
| EP2171112B1 (fr) | 2011-11-23 |
| US10428400B2 (en) | 2019-10-01 |
| ATE534756T1 (de) | 2011-12-15 |
| US20180163282A9 (en) | 2018-06-14 |
| CA2694069C (fr) | 2013-05-21 |
| RU2010105699A (ru) | 2011-08-27 |
| KR20100037147A (ko) | 2010-04-08 |
| JP2010533791A (ja) | 2010-10-28 |
| RU2451764C2 (ru) | 2012-05-27 |
| US10214792B2 (en) | 2019-02-26 |
| US20100221573A1 (en) | 2010-09-02 |
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