EP2143808A1 - Formage et durcissement à chaud partiels à l'aide d'un échauffement de lampes infrarouges - Google Patents

Formage et durcissement à chaud partiels à l'aide d'un échauffement de lampes infrarouges Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2143808A1
EP2143808A1 EP09006643A EP09006643A EP2143808A1 EP 2143808 A1 EP2143808 A1 EP 2143808A1 EP 09006643 A EP09006643 A EP 09006643A EP 09006643 A EP09006643 A EP 09006643A EP 2143808 A1 EP2143808 A1 EP 2143808A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heated
alloy
temperature
component blank
component
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09006643A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2143808B1 (fr
Inventor
Markus Pellmann
Johannes Dr. Böke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
Aisin Takaoka Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2143808A1 publication Critical patent/EP2143808A1/fr
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Publication of EP2143808B1 publication Critical patent/EP2143808B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • C21D9/48—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals deep-drawing sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C21D1/185—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering from an intercritical temperature
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34—Methods of heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a molded component having at least two microstructures of different ductility from a component blank made of hardenable steel, which is partially heated differently and then formed in a thermoforming and hardening tool and partially cured and an infrared lamp array.
  • thermoforming and press hardening Both preformed components and flat blanks can be thermoformed and press-hardened. With preformed components, the molding process can also be limited to forming a few percent of the final geometry or calibrating.
  • molded components are intended to have high strength over certain regions, and in turn to have higher ductility in relation to other regions.
  • the semi-finished product to be heated simultaneously passes through at least two zones of the continuous furnace with different temperature levels arranged next to each other in the direction of passage and is heated to different degrees so that at least two microstructures with different ductility are produced during a subsequent hardening process .
  • the continuous furnace according to the invention is accordingly provided with at least two adjacent zones in the passage direction, which are separated from each other by a partition, that a workpiece passing through the furnace is both partially in zone 1 and partially in zone 2 and in both zones a separate temperature control is possible.
  • this multi-zone furnace is a special furnace for partially heated components.
  • the component blank must experience a defined heat input. All areas which are to undergo as complete structural transformation as possible in martensite due to curing must first have been heated to a temperature greater than or equal to the AC 3 point of the alloy. In the following, these are the areas of the first type. Areas which are not or will not be fully cured, hereinafter referred to as second-type areas, must not be heated to a temperature above AC 3 . For the press hardening process, it would be sufficient if the second type areas had room temperature. This would be energetically the cheapest option, but steel at room temperature has a much lower forming capacity than heated steel.
  • the steel is heated in the areas of the second kind, especially since common hot-forming steel springs back after cold forming, which has a negative effect on the tolerances to be observed.
  • too high a temperature gradient between the first type regions and the second type regions after curing can lead to stress in the transition region.
  • the second-type regions are heated to a temperature up to at most the AC 1 point of the alloy. After exceeding the AC 1 point already begins a partial structure transformation, which can also lead to a Clausmartensit Bear after curing, which is not desirable.
  • heating with the infrared lamps should not take too long. Therefore, the starting temperature for the lamp heating by means of infrared should be as high as possible. Consequently, the entire component is preferred heated to a homogeneous temperature up to the AC 1 point of the alloy in a continuous furnace and then rearranged under the infrared lamp array to heat the areas of the first type above AC 3 . Meanwhile, the areas of the second kind are not irradiated with infrared or merely kept at their temperature. In this way, the heating by means of infrared is fast enough to ensure the production sequence in the press cycle. If the heating of the areas of the first kind by means of infrared to above AC 3 is slower than the pressing cycle, two or more infrared lamp fields must be used.
  • the component blank as a whole is heated to a homogeneous temperature of less than AC 3 but greater than AC 1 of the alloy and then transferred to the infrared lamp array under which the areas of the first type are heated above AC 3 .
  • a mixed structure occurs, which is located between the properties of the initial structure and the properties of the hard structure. This mixed structure may be advantageous for certain applications.
  • the component parameters can therefore be flexibly adjusted as required by a power control of the infrared lamps.
  • the process is particularly suitable for thermoforming of a steel alloy, expressed as a percentage by weight Carbon (C) 0.18% to 0.3% Silicon (Si) 0.1% to 0.7% Manganese (Mn) 1.0% to 2.5% Phosphorus (P) max. 0.025% Chromium (Cr) up to 0.8% Molybdenum (Mo) to 0.5% Sulfur (S) max. 0.01% Titanium (Ti) 0.02% to 0.05% Boron (B) 0.002% to 0.005% Aluminum (AI) 0.01% to 0.06%
  • Remaining iron and impurities caused by melting This is a boron-alloyed uncoated hot-forming steel.
  • a component blank of this steel is first heated homogeneously to at least 400 ° C, preferably to about 700 ° C and then heated in the areas of the first kind by means of infrared lamps to a temperature of about 930 ° C. Meanwhile, the second type areas are maintained at about 700 ° C.
  • the blank is fed to a thermoforming and hardening tool and molded and cured in the first type areas. This results in a partially cured, true to size, thermoformed component with defined properties in the respective areas.
  • the method is also applicable to a hot-forming steel provided with a metallic layer such as aluminum or zinc.
  • a hot-forming steel coated with an aluminum-containing layer must first be heated and alloyed to a temperature above the AC 3 point of the alloy in order to form a so-called intermetallic phase.
  • a hot-forming steel coated with aluminum must first be alloyed in a separate working step. This step would be best done at the steel manufacturer already in the production of the coil.
  • FIG. 1 schematically a hot forming line 1 according to the invention is shown.
  • a coil 2 with an uncoated hot-forming steel for example the steel grade described above, is continuously unwound and cut in a cutting station 3 to form a molding board 4.
  • the molding board 4 can optionally be cold preformed and / or trimmed in a molding station 5.
  • the cold forming is usually deep drawing at room temperature, the trimming is carried out as close to the final contour as possible.
  • the forming station 5 is optional and dependent on the complexity of the component geometry. It can also be completely eliminated.
  • the forming plate 4 is transferred directly to the heating station 6. In the heating station 6, the mold plate 4 is heated homogeneously to a temperature of less than AC 3 and then immediately transferred to the infrared lamps station 7.
  • the infrared lamps station 7 is shown here as a separate station. However, the infrared lamps can also be integrated, for example, in the heating station 6, for example in the end region.
  • the molding board 4 is heated in a first type area to a temperature above the AC 3 point of the alloy.
  • the second type regions remain at a temperature below AC 3 .
  • the areas of the second type are located at the respective ends of the forming board 4 and the area of the first type in the middle of the forming board 4.
  • the thus-preheated forming board 4 is then fed to a forced-cooled forming and hardening tool 8 and thermoformed in the station 8 and partially cured.
  • FIG. 3 shows the infrared lamps Station 7 from the Figures 1 and 2 in detail.
  • rod-shaped infrared lamps 71 are attached on a support 75 .
  • the infrared lamps 71 are controlled in the temperature fields 72 and 74 so as to hold the preformed and preheated member 41 lying on a support plate 76 in the end portions at 700 ° C, respectively.
  • the rod-shaped infrared lamps are controlled so that they heat the component 41 centered at 930 ° C.
  • the temperature fields 72, 73 and 74 are separated by bulkheads 77 and 78. With the bulkheads 77 and 78, the temperature distribution in the component 41 can be better controlled and the hardness values in the finished component can be set more accurately.
  • FIG. 4 After thermoforming and curing is from the component blank 41 FIG. 3 one in FIG. 4 shown partially cured B-pillar 42 emerged.
  • the B-pillar 42 is relatively ductile in the head region 43 and the pillar base 44.
  • In the middle area 47 is the B-pillar has been hardened and in the transition regions 45 and 46 from the hardened to the uncured region, a mixed structure has set.
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows a plan view of another embodiment 70 of an infrared lamp station.
  • the heated mold plate 4 stores.
  • the mold plate 4 is kept at a temperature of 700 ° C.
  • the mold plate 4 is heated to 930 ° C.
  • the temperature drops from 930 ° C to 700 ° C.
  • FIG. 6 shows a heating curve 110 of a first type region of a sheet. Shown is the temperature in ° C over time in seconds.
  • the curve area 11 shows the continuous heating of the sheet in a continuous furnace. Within just under 200 seconds, the entire sheet is heated homogeneously from room temperature to about 700 ° C. The sheet is then transferred at curve point 12 under an infrared lamp array and heated to about 1000 ° C within about 30 seconds. At point 13 the warming is completed.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
EP09006643.2A 2008-06-30 2009-05-16 Formage et durcissement à chaud partiels à l'aide d'un échauffement de lampes infrarouges Not-in-force EP2143808B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008030279A DE102008030279A1 (de) 2008-06-30 2008-06-30 Partielles Warmformen und Härten mittels Infrarotlampenerwärmung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2143808A1 true EP2143808A1 (fr) 2010-01-13
EP2143808B1 EP2143808B1 (fr) 2014-03-12

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EP09006643.2A Not-in-force EP2143808B1 (fr) 2008-06-30 2009-05-16 Formage et durcissement à chaud partiels à l'aide d'un échauffement de lampes infrarouges

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20090320968A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2143808B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008030279A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2457792T3 (fr)

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WO2010139664A1 (fr) * 2009-06-03 2010-12-09 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Formage à chaud avec matériau intermédiaire
EP2233593A3 (fr) * 2009-03-27 2011-04-06 ThyssenKrupp Umformtechnik GmbH Procédé et station de déformage à chaud pour la fabrication de composants de formage en tôle d'acier durcis par presse
EP2324938A1 (fr) * 2009-10-23 2011-05-25 ThyssenKrupp Umformtechnik GmbH Procédé et installation de formage à chaud destinés à la fabrication d'une pièce usinée durcie et déformée à chaud
AT509596A4 (de) * 2010-06-04 2011-10-15 Ebner Ind Ofenbau Verfahren zum erwärmen eines formbauteils für ein anschliessendes presshärten sowie durchlaufofen zum bereichsweisen erwärmen eines auf eine vorgegebene temperatur vorgewärmten formbauteils auf eine höhere temperatur
AT509597A4 (de) * 2010-06-30 2011-10-15 Ebner Ind Ofenbau Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen eines formbauteils
EP2497840A1 (fr) * 2011-03-10 2012-09-12 Schwartz, Eva Système de four pour le réchauffage partiel d'ébauches métalliques
WO2013000001A1 (fr) 2011-06-30 2013-01-03 Ebner Industrieofenbau Gesellschaft M.B.H. Procédé de réchauffement d'un élément façonné pour une trempe à la presse effectuée par la suite et four continu destiné au réchauffement par endroits d'un élément façonné préchauffé à une température prédéfinie à une température plus élevée
WO2013087274A1 (fr) * 2011-12-14 2013-06-20 Voestalpine Metal Forming Gmbh Procédé et dispositif pour le durcissement partiel de composants en tôle
DE102012102194A1 (de) * 2012-03-15 2013-09-19 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Ofenanlage sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben der Ofenanlage
EP2395116A3 (fr) * 2010-06-11 2013-12-25 Toyoda Iron Works Co., Ltd. Dispositif de chauffage de feuille d'acier, procédé pour produire une pièce formée de presse et pièce formée de presse
EP2679692A1 (fr) * 2012-06-29 2014-01-01 GEDIA Gebrüder Dingerkus GmbH Procédé de fabrication d'un composant de formage en tôle d'acier durci par une presse
CN103813954A (zh) * 2011-11-25 2014-05-21 本田技研工业株式会社 车身侧部构造
WO2014091014A1 (fr) * 2012-12-14 2014-06-19 Braun, Manuela Dispositif de formage à chaud
WO2015110456A1 (fr) * 2014-01-23 2015-07-30 Schwartz Gmbh Dispositif de traitement thermique
EP3037186A3 (fr) * 2014-12-23 2016-12-07 Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH Outil de deformation a chaud segmente monte sur ressort et procede de fabrication d'un composant en acier deforme a chaud et durci a la presse comprenant une zone de transition a aretes vives
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AT509596A4 (de) * 2010-06-04 2011-10-15 Ebner Ind Ofenbau Verfahren zum erwärmen eines formbauteils für ein anschliessendes presshärten sowie durchlaufofen zum bereichsweisen erwärmen eines auf eine vorgegebene temperatur vorgewärmten formbauteils auf eine höhere temperatur
AT509596B1 (de) * 2010-06-04 2011-10-15 Ebner Ind Ofenbau Verfahren zum erwärmen eines formbauteils für ein anschliessendes presshärten sowie durchlaufofen zum bereichsweisen erwärmen eines auf eine vorgegebene temperatur vorgewärmten formbauteils auf eine höhere temperatur
EP2395116A3 (fr) * 2010-06-11 2013-12-25 Toyoda Iron Works Co., Ltd. Dispositif de chauffage de feuille d'acier, procédé pour produire une pièce formée de presse et pièce formée de presse
AT509597B1 (de) * 2010-06-30 2011-10-15 Ebner Ind Ofenbau Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen eines formbauteils
AT509597A4 (de) * 2010-06-30 2011-10-15 Ebner Ind Ofenbau Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen eines formbauteils
EP2497840B1 (fr) 2011-03-10 2017-05-03 Schwartz GmbH Système de four et procédé pour le réchauffage partiel d'ébauches métalliques
EP2497840A1 (fr) * 2011-03-10 2012-09-12 Schwartz, Eva Système de four pour le réchauffage partiel d'ébauches métalliques
WO2012120123A1 (fr) * 2011-03-10 2012-09-13 Schwartz, Eva Système de four pour le traitement thermique ciblé de pièces structurales en tôle
US10287650B2 (en) 2011-03-10 2019-05-14 Schwartz Gmbh Furnace system for the controlled heat treatment of sheet metal parts
US9493856B2 (en) 2011-03-10 2016-11-15 Schwartz Gmbh Furnace system for the controlled heat treatment of sheet metal components
WO2013000001A1 (fr) 2011-06-30 2013-01-03 Ebner Industrieofenbau Gesellschaft M.B.H. Procédé de réchauffement d'un élément façonné pour une trempe à la presse effectuée par la suite et four continu destiné au réchauffement par endroits d'un élément façonné préchauffé à une température prédéfinie à une température plus élevée
CN103813954A (zh) * 2011-11-25 2014-05-21 本田技研工业株式会社 车身侧部构造
CN103813954B (zh) * 2011-11-25 2016-03-09 本田技研工业株式会社 车身侧部构造
EP2749480A1 (fr) * 2011-11-25 2014-07-02 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Structure pour partie latérale de véhicule
EP2749480A4 (fr) * 2011-11-25 2015-04-29 Honda Motor Co Ltd Structure pour partie latérale de véhicule
US9308941B2 (en) 2011-11-25 2016-04-12 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Vehicle body side portion structure
WO2013087274A1 (fr) * 2011-12-14 2013-06-20 Voestalpine Metal Forming Gmbh Procédé et dispositif pour le durcissement partiel de composants en tôle
US10000823B2 (en) 2011-12-14 2018-06-19 Voestalpine Metal Forming Gmbh Method and device for partially hardening sheet metal components
DE102012102194A1 (de) * 2012-03-15 2013-09-19 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Ofenanlage sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben der Ofenanlage
EP2679692A1 (fr) * 2012-06-29 2014-01-01 GEDIA Gebrüder Dingerkus GmbH Procédé de fabrication d'un composant de formage en tôle d'acier durci par une presse
WO2014091014A1 (fr) * 2012-12-14 2014-06-19 Braun, Manuela Dispositif de formage à chaud
WO2015110456A1 (fr) * 2014-01-23 2015-07-30 Schwartz Gmbh Dispositif de traitement thermique
EP2905346A1 (fr) * 2014-01-23 2015-08-12 Schwartz GmbH Dispositif de traitement de la chaleur
EP3184186A1 (fr) * 2014-12-23 2017-06-28 Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH Outil de déformation à chaud segmenté monté sur ressort
US10245632B2 (en) 2014-12-23 2019-04-02 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Resiliently mounted, segmented hot forming tool and method for producing a hot formed and press-hardened steel component having a sharply defined transition region
EP3037186A3 (fr) * 2014-12-23 2016-12-07 Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH Outil de deformation a chaud segmente monte sur ressort et procede de fabrication d'un composant en acier deforme a chaud et durci a la presse comprenant une zone de transition a aretes vives
US11548050B2 (en) 2014-12-23 2023-01-10 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Resiliently mounted, segmented hot forming tool and method for producing a hot formed and press-hardened steel component having a sharply defined transition region
AT15624U1 (de) * 2016-01-25 2018-03-15 Schwartz Gmbh Wärmebehandlungsverfahren und Wärmebehandlungsvorrichtung
DE102016202766A1 (de) * 2016-02-23 2017-08-24 Schwartz Gmbh Wärmebehandlungsverfahren und Wärmebehandlungsvorrichtung
US11219937B2 (en) 2016-08-09 2022-01-11 Autotech Engineering S.L. Centering and selective heating
WO2018029169A1 (fr) * 2016-08-09 2018-02-15 Autotech Engineering Aie Centrage et chauffage sélectif de découpes
WO2018103841A1 (fr) * 2016-12-07 2018-06-14 Ebner Industrieofenbau Gmbh Dispositif de thermorégulation pour thermoréguler un élément structural
US11781198B2 (en) 2016-12-07 2023-10-10 Ebner Industrieofenbau Gmbh Temperature control device for the temperature control of a component
WO2019158140A1 (fr) * 2018-02-13 2019-08-22 GEDIA Gebrüder Dingerkus GmbH Dispositif pour la fabrication d'un composant métallique
EP3653315A1 (fr) 2018-11-16 2020-05-20 MAS Meccanica S.r.l. Installation pour l'estampage de pièces de tôle
IT201800010394A1 (it) * 2018-11-16 2020-05-16 Mas Mecc S R L Impianto per lo stampaggio di pezzi di lamiera
DE102020115345A1 (de) 2020-06-09 2021-12-09 Frank Walz- und Schmiedetechnik GmbH Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteils sowie Bauteil

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US20090320968A1 (en) 2009-12-31
DE102008030279A1 (de) 2010-01-07

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