EP2136001B1 - Gabione - Google Patents

Gabione Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2136001B1
EP2136001B1 EP08158716A EP08158716A EP2136001B1 EP 2136001 B1 EP2136001 B1 EP 2136001B1 EP 08158716 A EP08158716 A EP 08158716A EP 08158716 A EP08158716 A EP 08158716A EP 2136001 B1 EP2136001 B1 EP 2136001B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gabion
compartments
panels
geotextile
metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08158716A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2136001A1 (de
Inventor
Frederique Ivan Maurice Alois Eggermont
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Betafence Holding NV
Original Assignee
Betafence Holding NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=39764844&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP2136001(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority to EP08158716A priority Critical patent/EP2136001B1/de
Priority to PT08158716T priority patent/PT2136001E/pt
Priority to ES08158716T priority patent/ES2352582T3/es
Priority to DK08158716.4T priority patent/DK2136001T3/da
Application filed by Betafence Holding NV filed Critical Betafence Holding NV
Priority to PL08158716T priority patent/PL2136001T3/pl
Priority to DE602008002576T priority patent/DE602008002576D1/de
Priority to AT08158716T priority patent/ATE481532T1/de
Priority to PL09157752T priority patent/PL2136002T3/pl
Priority to EP09157752.8A priority patent/EP2136002B1/de
Priority to US12/456,240 priority patent/US20100024343A1/en
Publication of EP2136001A1 publication Critical patent/EP2136001A1/de
Publication of EP2136001B1 publication Critical patent/EP2136001B1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0208—Gabions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
    • E02D17/202—Securing of slopes or inclines with flexible securing means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gabion comprising a number of metal wire panels which are hingeably connected to one another along hinge lines so that they can be folded open in a concertina-like manner from a closed position of the gabion to an open position of the gabion in which they form compartments, provided to be filled with stones and/or sand and/or soil and/or any other filling material.
  • gabions refers to baskets made of interconnected metal wire panels which in the open position define a block form which is filled with stones and/or sand and/or soil and/or any other filling material. When filled, these gabions form sturdy blocks which can be used as building material. Gabions of this type are used in a broad range of constructional applications in roads, railways, rivers and canals, buildings, etc. as an embankment, dam, bank protection, bedding and the like. They were designed to shore up soil or other materials, in the event of opposing elemental forces such as flood waters, erosion, avalanches, etc., and are also used as freestanding walls, sound barriers, etc.
  • GB 845,863 describes a gabion which is constructed from woven metal wire panels comprising a bottom panel and side panels, the side panels being hingeably connected to the bottom panel. On site, these gabions are brought from a closed position to an open position in which they can be filled. For this purpose, the side panels are rotated relative to the bottom panel until they stand perpendicularly to the bottom panel and these side panels are joined together. The method of erecting these gabions is however time-consuming and laborious.
  • the gabions as described in EP 0 466 726 and WO 2007/060476 were developed to simplify the erecting of gabions.
  • These gabions comprise a number of welded metal wire panels which are hingeably connected to one another, so that they can be folded open in a concertina-like manner from a closed position to an open position in which they form side and end panels of a series of successive compartments.
  • These compartments are provided to be filled with stones and/or sand and/or soil and/or any other filling material.
  • US 2005/0284080 discloses gabions made as a foldable multi-cell structure, conformed by hinged welded wire panels lined with knitted wire or expanded metal mesh, which together form cells which are pivotally connected at their corners. These corner links form week spots in the gabion, unless other corners are further connected to each other after erection of the gabion, requiring extra mounting time after erection of the gabion.
  • the metal wire panels and the man-hours for positioning these gabions form the major cost price for providing these gabions.
  • the object of this invention is to reduce the costs for providing these gabions by providing an alternative embodiment of gabions which can be erected simply and rapidly, requiring fewer welded panels than in the known gabions from, for example, EP 0 466 726 and WO 2007/060476 to cover the same area without forgoing sturdiness and the erecting and assembly being carried out even more easily than in the known gabions, such as for example from EP 0 466 726 .
  • a gabion comprising a number of metal wire panels which are hingeably connected to one another along hinge lines so that they can be folded open in a concertina-like manner from a closed position of the gabion to an open position of the gabion in which they form successive first compartments, provided to be filled with stones and/or sand and/or soil and/or any other filling material, metal wire panels of first compartments positioned next to one another having in common at most one hinge line, wherein said gabion comprises a geotextile, provided to make the gabion permeable to water, seeping of solid particles through the geotextile being prevented, and/or comprises a metal gauze, wherein the geotextile and/or the metal gauze are fastened to the metal wire panels in such a way as to form second compartments which are delimited by on the one hand the geotextile and/or the metal gauze and on the other hand wire panels, these second compartments being provided to be filled with stones an/or sand and/or soil
  • a gabion according to this invention can be folded open in a scissor-like manner from a closed position to an open position and, conversely, be folded back up.
  • the first compartments are each delimited by four metal wire panels forming the side panels of these compartments, at least one side panel of a first compartment lying in the extension of a side panel of a first compartment positioned next to it.
  • the at least one side panel of a first compartment and the side panel of the first compartment which is positioned next to it and lies in the extension can in this case pertain to the same metal wire panel.
  • a gabion according to this invention also comprises a geotextile, provided to make the gabion permeable to water, seeping of solid particles through the geotextile being prevented, the geotextile being fastened to the metal wire panels in such a way as to form second compartments which are delimited by on the one hand the geotextile and on the other hand wire panels, these second compartments being provided to be filled with stones and/or sand and/or soil and/or any other filling material.
  • these gabions will be filled with locally available filling material, such as for example locally available rocks or sand or soil, etc.
  • the first and the second compartments can in this case be filled with the same material. Equally, they can be filled with different materials.
  • the first compartments can for example be filled with inexpensive filling material serving as ballast, whereas the second compartments are filled with more expensive decorative material or with soundproofing material, etc.
  • a gabion according to this invention comprises a metal gauze, this metal gauze being fastened to the metal wire panels in such a way as to form second compartments which are delimited by on the one hand the metal gauze and on the other hand wire panels, these second compartments being provided to be filled with stones and/or sand and/or soil and/or any other filling material.
  • a metal gauze of this type is preferably a gauze which is woven from metal wires and offers the necessary flexibility to be folded up or rolled up, and even more preferably from a double-twisted woven gauze.
  • This metal gauze can also be configured as a gauze knotted from metal wires.
  • metal gauze As an alternative to the metal gauze, it is equally possible to provide, for example, a geotextile in which metal wires have been woven, or a geotextile which is strengthened differently while remaining sufficiently flexible to be able to be folded up or to be able to be folded open together with the gabion.
  • gabions of this type comprise more specifically as hinge lines inner hinge lines which hingeably join together side panels of first compartments positioned next to one another, and outer hinge lines which hingeably connect to one another only side panels of the same first compartment, the geotextile and/or the metal gauze being at least partly fastened to the outer hinge lines of the gabion.
  • Gabions as described hereinbefore which take up the same volume as the known comparable gabions, require over the same length up to 30 % less metal to ensure the same strength and stability. These gabions are even sturdier still than the known gabions, thus allowing them to be stacked up higher.
  • the above-described gabions can be folded open more easily in a concertina-like manner from the closed position to the open position.
  • these gabions form a better buffer to stem water than the known comparable gabions, since when the known gabions become damaged, a breach in a compartment also means a breach in the gabion.
  • second compartments are provided, so that in the event of a breach in one compartment, a following compartment is still provided as a buffer, so that a breach in a compartment does not necessarily mean a breach through the gabion as a whole.
  • additional compartments also have the advantage that in the successive compartments various materials can be attached in such a way that adapted properties are obtained in the successive compartments. This is possible, for example, by imparting decorative properties to the outermost compartments and using less expensive filling materials, using soundproofing materials, etc. in the innermost compartments.
  • a more specific embodiment of a gabion according to this invention comprises at at least one end at least one end compartment which is delimited by on the one hand the geotextile and on the other hand at least one side panel of a first compartment positioned on the end of the gabion and at least one wire panel which is positioned in the extension of this aforementioned at least one side panel, this at least one end compartment being provided to be filled with stones and/or sand and/or soil and/or any other filling material.
  • the metal wire panels of a gabion according to this invention are preferably welded metal wire panels, since sturdier gabions can be obtained with welded metal wire panels of this type than with wire panels consisting of a metal frame filled in with woven or knotted metal gauzes.
  • the metal wire panels are furthermore, in one particular embodiment of a gabion according to this invention, detachably connected to one another in order hingeably to join said metal wire panels to one another.
  • the metal wire panels are connected to one another with the aid of helical rods in order hingeably to join said metal wire panels to one another.
  • the geotextile and/or the metal gauze is preferably fastened to the metal wire panels with the aid of clamps.
  • the geotextile and/or the metal gauze can be folded open along with the metal wire panels from the open position of the gabion to the closed position and, conversely, be folded out from the closed position of the gabion to the open position.
  • the gabion (1) as illustrated in Figure 1 comprises first compartments (4) which are each delimited by four metal wire panels (2a, 2b). These metal wire panels (2a, 2b) are hingeably connected to one another with the aid of helical rods along hinge lines (6), so that the gabion (1) can be folded open in a scissor-like manner from a closed position to the illustrated open position in which said gabion forms the first compartments (4).
  • These first compartments (4) are provided to be filled with stones and/or sand and/or soil and/or any other filling material.
  • First compartments (4) positioned next to one another have in this case one hinge line (6) in common.
  • hinge lines (6) could equally well be produced in a different manner other than with the aid of helical rods. They could for example be produced by fastening the wire panels (2a, 2b) to one another with the aid of clamps which allow hinging of the wire panels (2a, 2b) relative to one another, or with the aid of resilient elements which are attached between the respective wire panels (2a, 2b), etc.
  • the gabion (1) as illustrated in Figure 2 is the same gabion as from Figure 1 , which is now provided with a geotextile (3) to make the gabion (1) permeable to water, seeping of solid particles through the geotextile being prevented.
  • the aforementioned hinge lines (6) which have in common first compartments (4) positioned next to one another, are the inner hinge lines (6) of the gabion (1).
  • the gabion also comprises outer hinge lines (7) which hingeably connect to one another only side panels (2a) of the same first compartment (4).
  • the geotextile (3) is fastened to these outer hinge lines (7) with the aid of clamps. This geotextile (3) could equally be fastened to these wire panels with the aid of other fastening methods.
  • the gabion (1) comprises in its illustrated open position second compartments (5) which are delimited by on the one hand the geotextile (3) and on the other hand wire panels (2a) of two first compartments (4) positioned next to each other.
  • These second compartments (5) are provided, just like the first compartments (4), to be filled with stones and/or sand and/or soil and/or any other filling material.
  • this illustrated gabion (1) also comprises end compartments (8) which are delimited by on the one hand the geotextile (3) and on the other hand side panels (2a) of first compartments (4) which are positioned on the end of the gabion (1) and wire panels (2b) which are positioned in the extension of these aforementioned side panels (2a).
  • These end compartments (8) are also provided to be filled with stones and/or sand and/or soil and/or any other filling material. End compartments (8) of this type are however not necessary to obtain a gabion (1) according to this invention.
  • the geotextile (3) is provided in such a way that it can be folded open or can be folded back up in a concertina-like manner together with the gabion (1) as a whole.
  • Figure 3 shows a gabion (1), like that from Figure 2 , but now additionally provided with a metal gauze (9) on the outside of this gabion (1).
  • This metal gauze (9) offers on the one hand additional sturdiness to the second compartments (5).
  • the metal gauze (9) has been attached to the outside of the geotextile (3), it is less easy for the geotextile (3) to become damaged, since the metal gauze (9) prevents the geotextile (3) from becoming easily torn or cut to pieces.
  • the metal gauze (9) is in this case a gauze (9) which is woven or knotted from metal wires and offers the necessary flexibility to be able to fold open or to be able to fold back up in a concertina-like manner this metal gauze (9) together with the gabion (1) as a whole.
  • the metal gauze (9) it is equally possible to provide for example a geotextile (3) in which metal wires have been woven, or to provide a geotextile (3) which is strengthened differently while remaining sufficiently flexible to be able to be folded up or to be able to be folded open together with the gabion (1).
  • Figures 4 to 6 inclusive are views from above showing schematically how a gabion (I), such as that from Figures 2 and 3 , can be folded open in a concertina-like manner from a closed position which has not been shown to the open position which has been shown in Figure 6 .
  • the metal wire panels (2a, 2b) of this gabion (1) fold in this case in a scissor-like manner relative to one another.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Gabione (1), umfassend eine Mehrzahl von Metalldrahtmatten (2a, 2b), die entlang von Drehachsen (6) gelenkig miteinander verbunden sind, so dass sie in der Art einer Ziehharmonika aufgefaltet werden können, und zwar von einer geschlossenen Stellung der Gabione (1) in eine offene Stellung der Gabione (1), in welcher die Metalldrahtmatten aufeinander folgende erste Kompartimente (4) bilden, die für eine Befüllung mit Steinen und/oder Sand und/oder Erde und/oder einem beliebigen anderen Füllmaterial vorgesehen sind, wobei Metalldrahtmatten (2a, 2b) nebeneinander liegender erster Kompartimente (4) höchstens eine Drehachse (6) gemeinsam haben und wobei die Gabione ein Geotextil (3) umfasst, das vorgesehen ist, um die Wasserpermeabilität der Gabione (1) zu gewährleisten, indem das Durchsickern von Feststoffpartikeln durch das Geotextil (3) hindurch verhindert wird, und/oder eine Metallgaze (9) umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Geotextil (3) und/oder die Metallgaze (9) derart an den Metalldrahtmatten (2a, 2b) befestigt sind, dass sie zweite Kompartimente (5) bilden, die einerseits durch das Geotextil (3) und/oder die Metallgaze (9) und andererseits durch die Drahtmatten (2a, 2b) begrenzt sind, wobei diese zweiten Kompartimente (5) für eine Befüllung mit Steinen und/oder Sand und/oder Erde und/oder einem beliebigen anderen Füllmaterial vorgesehen sind, dass sich das Geotextil (3) und/oder die Metallgaze (9) wenigstens teilweise entlang des Außenumfangs der Gabione (1) erstreckt, und dass die gebildeten zweiten Kompartimente (5) einerseits durch das Geotextil (3) und/oder die Metallgaze (9) und andererseits durch die Drahtmatten (2a) zweier erster Kompartimente (4) begrenzt sind, die nebeneinander liegen.
  2. Gabione (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die ersten Kompartimente (4) jeweils durch vier Metalldrahtmatten (2a) begrenzt sind, welche die Seitenmatten dieser Kompartimente (4) bilden, wobei sich wenigstens eine Seitenmatte (2a) eines ersten Kompartiments (4) in der Verlängerung einer Seitenmatte (2a) eines daneben liegenden ersten Kompartiments (4) befindet.
  3. Gabione nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wenigstens eine Seitenmatte (2a) eines ersten Kompartiments (4) und die Seitenmatte (2a) desjenigen ersten Kompartiments (4), das sich daneben befindet und in der Verlängerung liegt, zu ein und derselben Metalldrahtmatte (2a) gehören.
  4. Gabione (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gabione (1) als Drehachsen innere Drehachsen (6) umfasst, welche die Seitenmatten (2a) von nebeneinander liegenden ersten Kompartimenten (4) gelenkig miteinander verbinden, und dass die Gabione (1) äußere Drehachsen (7) umfasst, welche lediglich Seitenmatten (2a) ein und desselben ersten Kompartiments (4) gelenkig miteinander verbinden, wobei das Geotextil (3) und/oder die Metallgaze (9) wenigstens teilweise an den äußeren Drehachsen (7) der Gabione (1) ist bzw. befestigt sind.
  5. Gabione (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gabione an wenigstens einem Ende wenigstens ein Endkompartiment (8) umfasst, welches einerseits durch das Geotextil (3) und/oder die Metallgaze (9) und andererseits durch Seitenmatten (2a) eines an dem Ende der Gabione (1) befindlichen ersten Kompartiments (4) begrenzt ist, sowie durch Drahtmatten (2b), die in der Verlängerung der vorgenannten Seitenmatten (2a) liegen, wobei diese Endkompartimente (8) für eine Befüllung mit Steinen und/oder Sand und/oder Erde und/oder einem beliebigen anderen Füllmaterial vorgesehen sind.
  6. Gabione (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei den Metalldrahtmatten (2a, 2b) um geschweißte Metalldrahtmatten handelt.
  7. Gabione (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Metalldrahtmatten (2a, 2b) lösbar miteinander verbunden sind, um die Metalldrahtmatten gelenkig miteinander zu verbinden.
  8. Gabione (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Metalldrahtmatten (2a, 2b) mittels Spiralstäben miteinander verbunden sind, um die Metalldrahtmatten gelenkig miteinander zu verbinden.
  9. Gabione (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Geotextil (3) und/oder die Metallgaze (9) mittels Klemmen an den Metalldrahtmatten (2a, 2b) befestigt ist bzw. sind.
  10. Gabione (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Geotextil (3) und/oder die Metallgaze (9) zusammen mit den Metalldrahtmatten (2a, 2b) von der offenen Stellung der Gabione (1) in die geschlossene Stellung aufgefaltet werden kann und, umgekehrt, von der geschlossenen Stellung der Gabione (1) in die offene Stellung auseinander gefaltet werden kann.
EP08158716A 2008-06-20 2008-06-20 Gabione Not-in-force EP2136001B1 (de)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE602008002576T DE602008002576D1 (de) 2008-06-20 2008-06-20 Gabione
ES08158716T ES2352582T3 (es) 2008-06-20 2008-06-20 Gavión.
DK08158716.4T DK2136001T3 (da) 2008-06-20 2008-06-20 Gabion
PT08158716T PT2136001E (pt) 2008-06-20 2008-06-20 Gabião
PL08158716T PL2136001T3 (pl) 2008-06-20 2008-06-20 Gabion
AT08158716T ATE481532T1 (de) 2008-06-20 2008-06-20 Gabione
EP08158716A EP2136001B1 (de) 2008-06-20 2008-06-20 Gabione
PL09157752T PL2136002T3 (pl) 2008-06-20 2009-04-09 Gabion
EP09157752.8A EP2136002B1 (de) 2008-06-20 2009-04-09 Gabion
US12/456,240 US20100024343A1 (en) 2008-06-20 2009-06-12 Gabion

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08158716A EP2136001B1 (de) 2008-06-20 2008-06-20 Gabione

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2136001A1 EP2136001A1 (de) 2009-12-23
EP2136001B1 true EP2136001B1 (de) 2010-09-15

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ID=39764844

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08158716A Not-in-force EP2136001B1 (de) 2008-06-20 2008-06-20 Gabione
EP09157752.8A Not-in-force EP2136002B1 (de) 2008-06-20 2009-04-09 Gabion

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09157752.8A Not-in-force EP2136002B1 (de) 2008-06-20 2009-04-09 Gabion

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20100024343A1 (de)
EP (2) EP2136001B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE481532T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602008002576D1 (de)
DK (1) DK2136001T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2352582T3 (de)
PL (2) PL2136001T3 (de)
PT (1) PT2136001E (de)

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DK2136001T3 (da) 2010-12-06
ES2352582T3 (es) 2011-02-21
EP2136002A3 (de) 2011-08-17
PL2136002T3 (pl) 2017-03-31
DE602008002576D1 (de) 2010-10-28
EP2136001A1 (de) 2009-12-23
ATE481532T1 (de) 2010-10-15
EP2136002B1 (de) 2016-08-24
EP2136002A2 (de) 2009-12-23
US20100024343A1 (en) 2010-02-04
PL2136001T3 (pl) 2011-05-31
PT2136001E (pt) 2010-11-24

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