Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
  • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
  • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
  • B03C3/41—Ionising-electrodes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
  • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
  • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
  • B03C3/06—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by presence of stationary tube electrodes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
  • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
  • B03C3/16—Plant or installations having external electricity supply wet type
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
  • B03C2201/06—Ionising electrode being a needle

Definitions

• the invention relates to the ionization stage and the collector of an emission control system for the removal of suspended matter from an exhaust gas stream.
• the exhaust gas flow is conducted in a channel to which the exhaust gas purification system is grown as a kind of final stage, from which the purified exhaust gas, the clean gas, is discharged into the environment, or in which the exhaust gas purification system is installed as an intermediate and the purified exhaust gas continues to flow in the channel ,
• the exhaust duct leads to the ionization stage, in which an electrostatic charge of the particles / suspended matter takes place in order then to be deposited and removed downstream of the gas in the electric field-free collector.
• Electrostatic precipitators wet electrostatic precipitators, for example, as described in US 4,247,307, are exhaust gas purification systems that separate floating, solid or liquid particles from / from an exhaust gas stream.
• the separation process consists of the electric charge of suspended particles and the collection / deposition of the charged particles on the surface of collecting electrodes in an external electric field as well as the removal of the accumulated / deposited particles from the electrode surface.
• the external electric field is generated between a corona discharge electrode and an electrode surface exposed to its reference potential, usually ground potential.
• electrostatic precipitators for example, described in US 4,449,159, which use high intensity ionization stages for the electrostatic particulate charge and an electrostatic precipitation stage for particulate collection / deposition installed downstream of the high intensity ionization stage.
• the deposition / collection of particles in the electrostatic precipitator stage occurs under the action of an external electrostatic field.
• the speed in the high-intensity ionization stage is up to 50 m / s and the speed in the electro- static deposition does not exceed some m / s. Details about the
• the waste gas purification plant has a packed wet scrubber through which washing liquid, such as water, is vertically flowed downwards and through the gas to be purified.
• washing liquid such as water
• the packing material is exposed in a chamber.
• the packing material and the washing liquid are kept electrically neutral.
• a gas stream to be cleaned is ionized prior to its flow through the wet scrubber to provide particles in the gas stream with an electrical charge of predetermined polarity, usually negative.
• the charged particles are brought into close contact with the scrubbing liquid and / or the packing elements due to the attractive forces between the charged particles and the electrically neutral packing elements and the scrubbing liquid.
• the charged particles are removed from the gas stream and are removed by the scrubber to a discharge point in the scrubber. worn liquid.
• the particles are collected in an outer, electric field-free collector. The speed in the charge and collector stage is low and does not exceed several m / s.
• the gas stream is first cooled and saturated with water vapor, then passed to the condensate collector through a grounded nozzle plate which provides the conical nozzle exit with an electrode space formed by the die exit area and high voltage electrode tips in which the gas expands and in the aerosol particle in the gas stream be charged by a corona discharge.
• the gas stream is then directed to an area formed by grounded walls at which some of the charged particles are deposited and then passed through the interior of a bundle of grounded tubes to the walls of which more charged particles are deposited.
• the speed of the gas flow in the charging stage can reach up to 50 m / s.
• the speed in the outer, electric field-free collector does not exceed some m / s.
• An ionization stage may consist of a grounded plate with a plurality of regular circular nozzles (DE 10 2005 023 521), a high voltage grid installed downstream of the gas, several bars mounted to the high voltage grid, each with a star-shaped electrode at the free end, centrally in a respective nozzle downstream of the gas stream Gas flow direction are exposed in the nozzle, one sleeve per nozzle such that the star disc-shaped electrode is positioned therein in front of the output of the sleeve.
• the ionization stage can also be constructed in such a way that the high-voltage grid with rods and star-shaped electrodes at the end, which project centrally into the sleeve-set nozzles of a grounded nozzle plate, is installed upstream of the nozzle plate.
• US Pat. No. 4,072,477 describes an electrostatic precipitation method. An electrostatic precipitator operates on the principle of mutual repulsion of charged particles towards a grounded wall. The particle-laden gas stream enters a collector zone in which additional particles in the form of droplets, usually water, are injected as a fine spray into the particle-laden gas stream.
• the solid particles and the additional liquid particles become either a conventional corona or by injecting the droplets from a charged nozzle and, as the charged particles pass through the grounded portion of the separator, some of the water particles and the solid become the grounded wall by electric fields forced, which are caused by space charge. Deposited solid particles are swept along in the drain water and discharged from the separator. Several deposition stages may be present, or alternatively, methods such as continuously injecting additional particles into the collector along its length.
• the charging of the particles of the gas stream in the corona occurs during the passage of the particle-laden gas stream through the space between the needle electrode and concentrically surrounding collector tube. In each collector tube protrudes the associated needle electrode and is directed with its free end downstream gas.
• the spraying with droplets takes place via nozzles in front of the corona charging or by spraying pipes projecting into the collector tubes.
• the particle-laden drainage water runs down the collector walls and is led out of the separator.
• the collector tubes are about 1 m long and have a diameter of about 2.5 cm, the velocity of the gas flow is about 1 m / s.
• the ionization stage is not spatially separated from the collector stage, they form a structural unit.
• the high-intensity ionization exhaust gas purification system is used in principle as a pre-charge for an electrostatic emission control system and operates as a much more efficient pre-charging than the ionization stage of a conventional two-stage separator; field strengths of 10 - 15 kV / cm are available compared to field strengths of 3 - 6 kV / cm for the wire electrode assembly; high intensity ionization efficiently charges the suspended particles at rates 7-10 times more powerful than conventional electrostatic electrode configurations; the high current densities are also basically responsible for the ability to effectively charge the suspended particles at speeds up to 50 m / s; the ionization module requires the introduction of an input energy of less than 440 Wh / 1000 m 3 to transform a Venturi low energy washer into a high energy washer; the high intensity ionizer typically reduces the venturi scrubber penetration by about 70% or more without changing any parameters; When installed upstream, the efficiency of the collection of a dry electrostatic precipitator improves.
• the use of a round head and an air stream for cleaning the high voltage electrode or the use of a focusing electrode on the high voltage electrode solves the problem only partially or complicates the technical realization.
• the use of focused electrodes complicates the problems as described below.
• Another problem of the high intensity ionization step is: the liquid film formed on the inner surface of the grounded nozzle or sleeve electrode sprays from the film surface directly onto the grounded electrode or sprays from the outlet edge of the nozzle or sleeve electrode. This occurs in the zone between the focussing electrode or the annular separator and the inner grounded surface of the nozzle, or at the exit of the nozzle in the charged particle space charge region.
• the droplets of the sprayed liquid are charged by induction charging and usually have opposite polarity to the particles charged in the corona discharge in the ionization stage.
• the agglomeration of oppositely charged droplets and charged particles lowers the charge density and particle accumulation efficiency under the influence of space charge in the outer electric field-free collector, tube bundle, or packed collector.
• the principal problem of operating high intensity ionization stages is the space charge phenomenon downstream of the ionization stage.
• the space charge leads to a preponderance of charged particles and ions within a portion of the chamber between the high intensity ionization exhaust gas purifier and the electrostatic exhaust gas purifier or outer field free collector.
• When an excessive large accumulation of space charge ions occurs in the intermediate chamber of the high intensity ionization exhaust gas purifier there is a high probability of local discharge or neutralization of the charged particles by arcing or sparking to grounded supernatants within the intermediate chamber. Without jeopardizing the collector plates of the electrostatic precipitator or the field-free grounded collector, the space charge has undesirable slopes: either to reduce the degree of charge or to cause accumulation of particles on available surfaces in the intermediate chamber.
• the flow of such a charged particle cloud can build up inequalities in within the charge cloud, which is detrimental to more efficient particle collection.
• the space charge problem becomes more serious as the level of charge on the space charge cloud increases.
• the location may be enhanced by means for restricting gas flow downstream of the high intensity ionization stage, e.g. Downstream of the conical openings of the high intensity ionization stage in the form of a unitary grid which extends over the entire inlet area of the electrostatic precipitator, or alternatively an individual flow restrictor in each nozzle.
• This flow restrictor / restriction can be attached to the respective opening of the discharge cone of the high-intensity ionizer.
• the effective diameter of the flow restrictor is between 1/2 and 2 times the diameter of the cone discharge opening, preferably between H and 1 times.
• the respective flow distribution means are carried by the rods and are each positioned with a gap to the associated conical opening.
• the exhaust gas purifying systems for flow throttling would intensify the induction charging of the liquid film spraying from the exit edge of the conical opening. This would produce charged droplets that would fuse with oppositely charged particles.
• the induction charging of the spraying liquid film would reduce the collecting efficiency of the exhaust gas purifying plant.
• the object underlying the invention namely to provide an exhaust gas purification system for high-intensity ionization and electrostatic precipitation for the removal of suspended particles from a gas stream , which overcomes this problem and allows a highly effective gas cleaning, which can be attached to an exhaust duct or forms an intermediate part of such.
• a plant for purifying a gas consists of three sections: the ionization and main purification section for the water-saturated crude gas from a space charge zone following the ionization device for the impurity particles; the auxiliary cleaning section from a zone of grounded hollow electrodes; the final fine cleaning in a filter device, after which the clean gas is discharged into the surrounding environment.
• the ionization of the particles follows in a corona discharge. Accumulating, with deposited particles from the three zones is collected and cleaned and returned to the gas cleaning process.
• the heated coolant flowing through the tube interstices can be used to heat the sealing gas for the insulation of the holders and thus the at least one high-voltage bushing.
• An ionizer in an exhaust gas purification system for drop-laden, condensing moist gases consists of an over the cross section of the flow channel mounted, electrically conductive, laid to an electrical reference potential nozzle plate with a regular in a concentric cross-sectional area over this cross-sectional area evenly distributed Arrangement of circular nozzles.
• a high-voltage electrode grid connects, which is concentric in the flow channel over the cross section and is anchored electrically isolated in the channel wall.
• Each electrode pin is designed star-shaped at its free end and is opposed to the gas flow.
• the nozzle plate and the assembly of high-voltage electrode grid, E- lektrodenite each with associated electrode tips are made of an inert for the process environment, electrically conductive material. The gas flow runs in the ionizer against gravity.
• the construction principle of an exhaust gas purification system as a built-in section in a channel for gas guidance has according to DE 10 2004 037 286 B3 a standing, U-shaped design.
• the transition from one leg to the other, the junction zone, which is a reservoir / vessel for the particulate matter precipitated from the gas stream, has at least at its lowest point a spout for discharging particulate-enriched liquid.
• the collector zone which consists of at least one collector or in the flow direction of several successive panels.
• the gas to be purified flows from above into the ionizer arm and downwards in the direction of gravitational attraction. It flows into the second leg from below and flows through the collector upwards, after which it emerges cleaned up.
• an emission control system consisting of an ionization stage and a collector for the removal of suspended matter an exhaust gas stream according to claim 1, wherein said exhaust gas purification system comprises: a housing, the built-in light housing cross section Ionticiansw for particle charging, the lying on an electrical reference potential plate, the nozzle plate, with at least one high-speed nozzle of a lying on this reference potential sleeve electrode in the nozzle centrally and perpendicular to the gas flow axis exposed star disk-shaped high voltage electrode, which is mounted at the free end portion of an electrically conductive rod, which is mounted on a gas upstream sitting high-voltage grid consists.
• This exhaust gas purification system is characterized by the fact that a first conical sleeve with a convex cross-section connects upstream with its entire forehead against the high-voltage electrode.
• a sleeve electrode Downstream of the gas sits a sleeve electrode, or the sleeve electrodes final cover (15, 19) made of electrically conductive material, which has gas-flow-permeable structure.
• nozzle plate On the nozzle plate are located downstream of gas to the highest localized over the local light cross section accumulated filter elements that are gas flow permeable flow throttling packed.
• the polarity of the high voltage is technically straightforward, but depends on the most effective separation of the particles to be separated from the gas stream.
• the filter elements are positioned in a localized manner on a gas downstream sleeve located at and around the edge of the nozzle plate and attached to the housing wall via a nozzle plate close to the nozzle plate. chaotic loosely packed or structured packed to keep the pressure drop of the gas flowing through low.
• the structures of the packing / filter elements range from spherical, cylindrical, annular or conical structure and are hollow in weight or have perforated walls, so that the entire surface of such a packing is accessible.
• the material must be process-suitable on a case-by-case basis and is made of a suitable plastic or metal, preferably light metal, or else coated plastic or coated metal (claim 10, see also www.rauschert.tv, Overview tower packing).
• the holding, non-permeable filling elements basket or the filling elements impermeable net is also made of process-suitable material.
• the cover of a sleeve electrode is hat-shaped: in another embodiment, the cover of the sleeve electrode / n is a cover that projects beyond the clear cross section of the emission control system.
• the nozzle plate In the nozzle plate is located in the deepest region or in the lowest areas at least one drain hole for the outflow of accumulated on the gasstromabissertigen side of the plate, particle-laden liquid.
• the nozzle plate may be conical, wherein the cone height is smaller than the height of the sleeve electrode.
• a spraying device for spraying liquid of the gas stream is located in the collector downstream of the filter elements, whereby the gas flow axis to the liquid spraying axis can be at an angle from the angular range of 0 and 180 ° to each other.
• the ionization stage and the collector can be at an angle from the angle range of 0 to 180 ° to each other with respect to the gas flow axis in the ionization stage and in the collector and thus the two associated areas of the housing.
• the costs for the construction of the emission control system are lower than in conventional emission control systems, but in particular beyond the operating costs.
• the emission control system impresses with its simple structure and thus easy operation as well as the easy, uncomplicated maintenance as well as the simple, easily accessible replacement of the components, which is important for maintenance.
• the exhaust gas stream flows through the exhaust gas channel at a low speed into the exhaust gas purification system, enters the ionization stage and, due to the reduction in cross-section and the constancy of the mass flow rate, obtains a high speed in the ionization stage.
• the entrained, suspended particles are charged in the outer electric field of the corona discharge between the star disk-shaped electrode and the inner wall of the sleeve.
• the charged particles and ions form a space charge.
• the charged particles move away from the ionization stage; the gas stream enters the electric field-free collector at almost the speed recorded in the ionization stage, which immediately downstream of the ionization stage downstream of the gas stream.
• the collection of the charged particles takes place in the electric field-free collector under the influence of mechanical and electrostatic forces.
• By spraying the gas stream over or in the electric field-free collector additional particle removal by liquid droplets can be achieved.
• the gas flow can change the direction of its flow axis by the construction of the outer collector.
• FIG. 1a shows the longitudinal axial section of the emission control system
• FIG. 1b shows the longitudinal axial section of the ionization stage
• FIG. 2 shows the longitudinal axial section on a nozzle with high-voltage electrode
• FIG. 3 shows the longitudinal axial section on a nozzle with dimensional symbols
• FIG. 4 shows the star-shaped electrode provided with dimensional symbols
• Figure 5 shows the nozzle with sleeve and subtleties
• Figure 6 sleeve mounting variants
• Figure 7 nozzle plate cutout with sleeves and drain;
• Figure 8 shows a whole cone-shaped, sleeve-occupied nozzle plate in section;
• Figure 9 layering of the filter elements over the nozzles in section;
• Figure 10 Structure of the emission control system in section with downward gas flow;
• FIG. 12 Structure of the emission control system with spraying device
• FIG. 13 Structure of the exhaust gas purification system with two-part collector
• Figure 14 Change the flow direction in a one-piece collector.
• Figure 1 shows a longitudinal axial section through the emission control system from the ionization stage 2, a Hochintensticiansionmaschines- level, HII, and the subsequent collector 3.
• the emission control system is vertical, so that the gas flow within the housing 1 flows vertically upward therein.
• the direction of the gas flow is indicated by the large arrows, black for the incoming exhaust and empty for the exiting purified gas, the clean gas.
• the entire emission control system is with the exhaust gas inlet to a Exhaust duct mounted. From the collector 2 enters the clean gas from ins
• the Hochintensticiansionmaschinescut consists of generally lying on a reference potential, in particular, because technically most obvious and easy, the grounded nozzle plate 4 with the nozzle 5.
• Sleeve electrodes 6 are installed in the nozzles 5. The detailed description of the nozzles 5 and the electrodes 6 can be found in DE 10 2005 023 521.
• the high-voltage grid 7 is installed upstream of the gas in the housing of the exhaust gas cleaning system over the clear cross section with insulators 8.
• One of the insulators serves as a high voltage feedthrough which is connected to a voltage source, not shown here.
• the high-voltage insulators 8 (see DE 102 27 703) are protected against the moist / wet atmosphere inside the emission control system, e.g. by a cleaning flow with warm / hot air (see for example DE 101 32 582, for example Fig. 1).
• the high-voltage electrode 10 in FIG. 2 is star-shaped, as described in DE 10 2005 023 521, and is attached downstream of the gas at the free end of the bar support 11 mounted on the high-voltage grid 7.
• the gas upstream conical sleeve 12 and the gas flow tapered conical sleeve 13 are fixed to the rod carrier 11.
• the star disk-shaped electrode 10 is seated between the two conical sleeves 12, 13, which lie with their wide opening at her.
• the tip 14 of the conical sleeve 13 is round, or rounded.
• the sleeve electrode 6 is here gas downstream, ie at the flow outlet, with a cover for the gas flow at least obstacle-poor cover 15, a grid hatch 15, covered and sits directly on the edge of the sleeve electrode 6.
• the star disk-shaped high-voltage electrode 10 is exposed longitudinally centrally and displaceably in the sleeve electrode 6.
• the outside of the electric field sitting and thus electric field-free collector 3 houses the collector filter elements 16 z. B tower-packed filter elements.
• the collector filter elements 16 sit electrically field-free gas downstream of the ionization stage between the sleeve electrodes 6 directly on the gasstromabissertigen side of the nozzle plate 4 and downstream gas on the mesh hats 15 (see Figures Ia and Ib).
• the design parameters of a nozzle 5 with sleeve electrode 6 for high-intensity ionization are presented in FIG.
• the similar nozzles 5 are regularly or statistically equally distributed in the nozzle plate 4 introduced.
• the design parameters are: inner or inner diameter D sh of the sleeve electrode 6; gas downstream free height H sh of the sleeve electrode 6; the diameters D e i and D de i of the star disk-shaped electrode 10, ie the diameter D e i is the distance with respect to the center of the electrode opposite peaks and D de i is the diameter of the largest possible circle in the solid region of the elec- trode 10;
• the distance H H v between the high voltage grid 7 and the gas upstream side of the nozzle plate 4 satisfies the relation H H v> -3L, where L is the smallest width L of the electrode gap.
• a safety factor can therefore be planned constructively;
• the diameter d e i of the lying during operation to high voltage potential support rod so strong that the star-shaped electrode 10 together with the two conical sleeves 12 and 13 at the free end position adjusted remain exposed at least to nominal operation in the sleeve electrode and the formation of corona discharges of the rod surface to the sleeve electrode 6 can not come about;
• the entry and exit edges of the sleeve electrodes 6 are rounded (see Figure 5 with the two magnifications / subtleties).
• the sleeve electrodes 6 are fixed to the nozzle plate 4 in or at their respective intended nozzle 5. They can be clamped quickly or they have additional sleeve flanges 16 and can be fixed with screws 17 on the nozzle plate 4 (see Figure 6).
• the sleeve flange 16 is installed on the gas upstream side of the nozzle plate 4.
• the sleeve flanges 16 are screwed to the nozzle plate 4 downstream. In the construction according to FIG. 6c, the edges exposed in the nozzle chamber must be rounded.
• the emission control system is further equipped with a device for the electrical discharge of liquid.
• the liquid in question is the one which accumulates on the nozzle plate 4 downstream of the gas.
• the nozzle plate 4 at at least one deep point a drain hole 18 to discharge the liquid (see Figure 7).
• the nozzle plate 4 may be conically shaped such that the tip of this cone is centrally downstream of the gas ( Figure 8).
• the nozzles 5 are then equipped with the sleeve electrodes 6 that all sleeves 6 sit at an equal height to each other, so sitting radially outward less deep in the nozzle plate 4.
• the height H np of the conical nozzle plate to the height H sh of the sleeve electrode must be in the following relation: H np ⁇ H sh .
• the ionization stage can also be constructed in such a way that the grille hats 15, which are at ground potential, are replaced by a grid 19, preferably metallic, process-suitable material, which sits directly on the outputs of the sleeve electrodes 6 rests ( Figure 9).
• the collector 3 of the emission control system can be provided with a further component 20, namely with a perforated plate, for example, which is installed over the clear cross section and on which Fil ' teretti 21 are, for example, tower-packed filter elements.
• a perforated plate for example, which is installed over the clear cross section and on which Fil ' teretti 21 are, for example, tower-packed filter elements.
• a grid or another porous component can be used, which also allows the gas flow to pass through at least with a small flow restriction.
• the use of an additional support member 20 allows the exhaust gas purifying system to be installed in the gas guide passage so that the gas flow therein goes down vertically, and then the filter elements 21 are upstream on the gas permeable support member 20.
• the exhaust gas purification system can still be equipped with a liquid spray device 22, preferably water, in order to rinse the filter elements 21 of the collector 3, that is, particles.
• a liquid spray device 22 is shown in FIG.
• the horizontal gas flow is sprayed in the collector 3 transversely from above and the particles suspended in the passage from the gas stream particles collected in the drip pan 23 and derived.
• the collected, particle-enriched spray liquid can be recycled or purified in a liquid purifier. Both possibilities are not part of the invention and therefore not shown in FIG.
• the gas stream in the collector is sprayed with liquid in a cross-flow from above. That is an option.
• Other possible spraying directions are counter-current, in-flow and vertically from below.
• the procedure for the removal of fine particles from a gas stream consists of the introduction of the exhaust gas flow into the exhaust gas purification system in that the same to the
• Flanged exhaust duct and so the continuation of the channel forms the housing 1 of the emission control system.
• the exhaust gas flow occurs. at low speed in the ionization stage 2 and flows at high speed through the nozzles 5 with sleeve electrode 6 and longitudinal axial centered exposed star disk-shaped electrode 10 with double-sided conical configuration 12 and 13, the fine particles in the field between these two electrodes 6 and 10 by a Corona discharge can be charged.
• the charged particles and ions are almost completely collected in the electric field-free collector 3 under the influence of mechanical and electrostatic forces, ie deposited on the filter elements 16 which regularly or indiscriminately abut directly downstream of the grounded nozzle plate 4 and downstream, for example via bundling or a network stationary there and be held as a solid package.
• This is apparent from the two figures Ia substantially and Ib, taking into account the two gastric arrows.
• the cleaning effect can, as described above, by spraying the gas Current in the collector 3 with liquid droplets (see Figure 12 and also DE 10 2004 023 967) are amplified.
• the gas flow axis changes its direction in the collector 3, as indicated by the arrow bent upward at right angles.
• the initially horizontal exhaust gas flow also flows in comparison to the passage speed through the nozzles 5 at low speed in the figure 13 from the left in the emission control system and flows because of the flow cross-section narrowing nozzles with a correspondingly increased speed with up to 50 m / s through the ionization stage 2, in which the electrical particle charge and ionization is effected.
• the gas stream enters the gas downstream from the ionization stage 2 directly into the horizontal part / section I of the collector 3 with the recorded in the ionization stage 2 high speed, which decreases again in the course.
• This part I is equipped in Figure 13 as in Figure 12 with the liquid attached to the top of the housing 1 diesstechnikströpfchensprüh Anlagen 22 and the collecting trough 23 with drain. After the passage of the gas flow through the first collector I, it flows into the second part, wherein the flow axis in the figure from the horizontal from the left to the vertical upward kinks.
• This second section II of the collector 3 also contains filter elements 26 which are stationary or seated on a built-in over the clear housing cross section perforated plate 25 or such a grid 25. This / s plate / grid 25 sits in the right extension of the lower horizontal housing wall.
• the housing wall of Part II is extended downwards and closed with a drip pan 27 for the dripping, particle-enriched liquid droplets.
• Also in this second part II of the collector 3 can be installed downstream of the gas further remplisstechnikströpfchensprüh driven with which the cleaning effect is further increased. The clean gas exits from the collector 3 upwards.
• FIG. 1 Another construction variant of the exhaust gas purification system is shown in FIG.
• the collector 3 stands with its gas flow axis lowered. right, the clean gas escapes upwards.
• the collector 3 is constructed like the second part II in FIG. But now the ionization stage 2 projects from the left housing wall into the collector 3.
• the gas flow axis is directed vertically from the left. Thus, the gas flow axis also bends vertically upward after exiting the ionization stage.
• the cleaning process of the gas stream, or the sequence of particle removal is the same as that described for the figure Ia or Figure 13.
• the corona discharge forms at the tips of the star-disc-shaped electrode 10 here.
• a DC voltage with negative polarity is applied.
• the polarity can also be positive. The choice of polarity depends on the better cleaning / deposition effect for different types of particles.
• between these two electrodes 6 and 10 is technically easy and an alternating field on the application of a high alternating voltage possible. Even a pulse-shaped corona discharge comes as an ionization method into consideration.

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