EP2089547A2 - Verfahren zum durchführen einer enzymatischen reaktion - Google Patents
Verfahren zum durchführen einer enzymatischen reaktionInfo
- Publication number
- EP2089547A2 EP2089547A2 EP07818225A EP07818225A EP2089547A2 EP 2089547 A2 EP2089547 A2 EP 2089547A2 EP 07818225 A EP07818225 A EP 07818225A EP 07818225 A EP07818225 A EP 07818225A EP 2089547 A2 EP2089547 A2 EP 2089547A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- substrate
- reaction
- eukaryotic cell
- cell
- cells
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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- 238000006911 enzymatic reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 108700012813 7-aminoactinomycin D Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
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- NZVGXJAQIQJIOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[6-[6-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1h-benzimidazol-2-yl]-1h-benzimidazol-2-yl]benzenesulfonamide;trihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.Cl.C1CN(C)CCN1C1=CC=C(N=C(N2)C=3C=C4NC(=NC4=CC=3)C=3C=CC(=CC=3)S(N)(=O)=O)C2=C1 NZVGXJAQIQJIOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000001531 micro-dissection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- VMCOQLKKSNQANE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-4-[6-[6-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1h-benzimidazol-2-yl]-1h-benzimidazol-2-yl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1C1=NC2=CC=C(C=3NC4=CC(=CC=C4N=3)N3CCN(C)CC3)C=C2N1 VMCOQLKKSNQANE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- INAAIJLSXJJHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pibenzimol Chemical compound C1CN(C)CCN1C1=CC=C(N=C(N2)C=3C=C4NC(=NC4=CC=3)C=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C2=C1 INAAIJLSXJJHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XJMOSONTPMZWPB-UHFFFAOYSA-M propidium iodide Chemical compound [I-].[I-].C12=CC(N)=CC=C2C2=CC=C(N)C=C2[N+](CCC[N+](C)(CC)CC)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 XJMOSONTPMZWPB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
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- DPKHZNPWBDQZCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N acridine orange free base Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC2=NC3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3C=C21 DPKHZNPWBDQZCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoquinolinylidene Natural products C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003752 polymerase chain reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 27
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- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
- C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
- C12P7/06—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage
- C12P7/08—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage produced as by-product or from waste or cellulosic material substrate
- C12P7/10—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage produced as by-product or from waste or cellulosic material substrate substrate containing cellulosic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6844—Nucleic acid amplification reactions
- C12Q1/686—Polymerase chain reaction [PCR]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for carrying out an enzymatic reaction, in particular for carrying out a single-cell polymerase chain reaction, and to a substrate, on which one or more eukaryotic cells are provided.
- enzymatic reactions Due to the sensitivity of enzymes to contaminants such as salt, organic solvents and the like, purified samples must be used in enzymatic reactions to ensure an efficient enzymatic reaction. This also applies in particular to enzymatic reactions in which the substrate of the enzyme is a nucleic acid, for example DNA. Examples of such enzymatic reactions are restriction hydrolyses, ligations and amplification reactions, such as the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
- PCR polymerase chain reaction
- nucleic acid solutions are regularly expressed in terms of the absorption quotient at 260 nm divided by the absorbance at 280 nm and this quotient should be greater than 1.8 for the use of the nucleic acid solutions in enzymatic reactions.
- heme groups of the hemoglobin of human erythrocytes whose central porphyrin skeleton is suitable for complexing enzymatic cofactors, such as Mg 2+ , and thus suppressing the enzymatic reaction. Due to hemoglobin, PCR or similar amplification reactions from whole blood are not possible.
- sample preparation usually represents the greatest cost factor of the overall process, since the other steps, namely the performance of the enzymatic reaction and the subsequent detection, can be miniaturized better than the sample preparation, whereby the costs for the aforementioned steps can be reduced.
- the known methods often give false results.
- This test is often integrated into the method such that first the cell is labeled, for example, with a fluorescently labeled antibody for a cell membrane surface protein and sorted with a FACS flow cytometer and placed on a glass slide or similar substrate before the glass slide with a microscope is examined for the presence of a cell, and then to carry out the enzymatic reaction after addition of the required buffer and the enzyme.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method for carrying out an enzymatic reaction in which it is possible to dispense with extraction of nucleic acids from cells, which is simple and quick to carry out and which in particular also applies when using fewer cells, in particular one cell results in a clear result.
- this object is achieved by a method according to claim 1 and in particular by a method for carrying out an enzymatic reaction, in particular a PCR, with a sample containing at least one eukaryotic cell, comprising the following steps:
- step e By first staining the nucleus of the eukaryotic cell (s) to be deposited on a reaction site of the substrate in the method according to the invention and examining the substrate in step e) for nuclear staining or for the presence of at least one stained nucleus, it can be clearly determined whether prior to carrying out the enzymatic reaction, provide DNA to the substrate in a form accessible to the enzyme used in the enzymatic reaction; irrespective of whether the cell was mechanically lysed when it was deposited on the substrate or not. Likewise, this procedure may preclude erroneous results due to any fluorescence artifacts.
- the process steps b), c) and d) can be carried out in any desired order.
- the nuclear staining according to method step c) before or after depositing the eukaryotic cell (s) on a reaction site of the substrate according to process step d) and in particular also before or after the removal of at least one eukaryotic cell from the starting material according to process step b) become.
- the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for carrying out an enzymatic reaction, in particular a PCR, on individual eukaryotic cells or on a few eukaryotic cells.
- a maximum of 10 eukaryotic cells more preferably between 1 and 5 cells, most preferably between 1 and 3 cells, and most preferably 1 or 2 cells per reaction site of the substrate are deposited.
- Particularly preferred is the implementation of a single cell reaction, in which case exactly one cell is deposited on a reaction site of the substrate.
- Erythrocytes for example, have an average cell diameter of 7.5 microns, while granulocytes have a cell diameter between 9 and 16 microns and the cell diameter of lymphocytes, depending on the organism, 5 to 18 microns.
- bacterial cells have an average cell diameter between 1 and 5 ⁇ m. Assuming an average cell diameter of 10 ⁇ m, the volume of a cell assuming a spherical shape of the cell is 4/3 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ r 3 , ie approximately 4200 ⁇ m 3 .
- the ratio of the cell volume to the total reaction volume is about 0.00042%.
- the above ratio of cell volume to total reaction volume increases to 0.0042% for 10 cells, 0.042% for 100 cells and 0.42% for 1,000 cells. This relationship is shown in FIG. 1.
- Withdrawal of the individual eukaryotic cell (s) from the starting material according to process step b) can be carried out by any person skilled in the art carried out for this purpose known method.
- the individual eukaryotic cells can be removed with a glass capillary from a cell suspension which may have been diluted to a suitable value before removal and may contain exclusively eukaryotic cells or a mixture of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
- the mmi Cellector® from MMI Mobile Machines & Industries AG has proven to be particularly suitable for micromechanical removal of the individual eukaryotic cell (s) from the starting material according to method step b) with a capillary.
- the absolute number of eukaryotic cells to be deposited per reaction site or discarded eukaryotic cell can be done, for example, microscopically, with a light microscopic or fluorescence microscopic quantification of the absolute number of the eukaryotic cell (s) deposited on a reaction site of the substrate having proven particularly suitable.
- the method according to the present invention is also not particularly limited with respect to the type of nuclear staining or of the colorant used in process step c). Good results are obtained, in particular, with colorants which are specific for the cell nucleus, ie, in addition to the cell nucleus, they do not or only stain other cell structures to a minor extent. Examples of suitable colorants are those which consist of hematoxylin, alum carmine, alcoholic boraxamine solution, paracarmin, naphthazarin, carmin acetic acid and any combinations thereof are selected.
- fluorescent dyes have also proven suitable for this purpose, preferably those selected from among 7-amino actinomycin D (7-AAD), acridines orange, BOBO-I, BOBO-3, DAPI nucleic acid stain, dihydroethidium, ethidium bromide, ethidium homodimer - 1, Hexidium iodide, Hoechst 33258, Hoechst 33342, Hoechst 34580, LDS 751, Nissl substance, Nuclear yellow, Propidium iodide, SYTO 11, SYTO 13, SYTO 16, SYTOX Green stain, SYTOX Orange, TO-PRO-3, TOTO -3, YO-PRO-1, YOYO-I and any combination thereof.
- 7-AAD 7-amino actinomycin D
- acridines orange BOBO-I, BOBO-3
- DAPI nucleic acid stain dihydroethidium, ethidium bromide,
- the at least one eukaryotic cell in method step d) is proposed to deposit the at least one eukaryotic cell in method step d) on an inner hydrophilic region of a reaction site of the substrate surrounded by a hydrophobic region.
- the inner hydrophilic region of the reaction site (s) on the substrate is substantially circular and surrounded by a substantially annular hydrophobic region, preferably concentric, is / are.
- a particularly preferred arrangement consists of a circular hydrophilic region concentrically surrounded by two circular rings, wherein the inner of the two circular rings is hydrophobic and the outer of the two circular rings is hydrophilic, wherein the outer hydrophilic circular ring is surrounded on the outside by a hydrophobic region.
- the diameter of the inner hydrophilic region of the reaction site is between 0.3 and 3 mm.
- the substrate may be a plastic reaction vessel.
- a microtitre plate as substrate, for example a 96-well, 128-well, 256-well or 528-well microtiter plate.
- a microscope slide as a substrate, particularly preferably a slide, the surface of which is coated with epoxy and subdivided into individual reaction sites or anchor sites with lithographically produced hydrophilic and hydrophobic areas.
- Such slides are commercially available, for example, from Advalytix under the trade name AmpliGrid TM.
- a slide or a microtiter plate used, in particular an AmpliGrid TM which comprises the above-described reaction sites of circular hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions, is particularly suitable as a substrate.
- the at least one eukaryotic cell in process step d) is preferably in a liquid volume of less than 5 .mu.l, more preferably of less than 2 .mu.l and most preferably less than 1 .mu.l deposited on a reaction site of the substrate.
- the at least one eukaryotic cell in process step d) in a liquid volume of less than 100 nl, preferably of less than 10 nl and particularly preferably of not more than 1 nl on a reaction site of the substrate.
- This embodiment ensures that the cells used in the enzymatic reaction contain sufficiently little contaminants which inhibit the enzymatic reaction.
- the on the Substrate applied cell suspension evaporated to evaporate the liquid surrounding the cells.
- contaminants present in the liquid such as salts present in the liquid phase of the suspension or any proteases, lipids, nucleases and the like, remain on the substrate. These contaminants can then interfere with the later enzymatic reaction.
- eukaryotic cell which are not lysed are preferably applied to the substrate. This avoids that before the start of the enzymatic reaction by liberated proteases or nucleases the substrate for the subsequent enzymatic reaction is chemically decomposed.
- enzymatic reactions such as restriction hydrolyses, ligations or common amplification reactions, in particular PCR (polymerase chain reaction), LCR (ligase chain reaction) or RCA (rolling circle amplification).
- the reaction mixture is repeatedly subjected to temperature cycles, each temperature cycle from a Denatursammlungs intimid at 94 ° C for separating the double-stranded DNA into single-stranded DNA, an attachment step usually at a temperature between 40 and 60 0 C for attaching the PCR Primer to the template DNA and an extension step at 72 ° C, at which the Taq polymerase catalyses the incorporation of nucleotides in the primer bound on the template DNA. Since the cells provided on the substrate burst at the initial denaturation step at 94 ° C., the nucleic acid of the cells becomes accessible to the Taq polymerase.
- depositing the at least one eukaryotic cell on a reaction site of the substrate by passing a liquid suspension containing at least one eukaryotic cell through a nozzle, the liquid flow or stream of the liquid suspension at the nozzle into individual separate liquid droplets is separated, the individual liquid drops each having a containing certain number of eukaryotic cells, all or individual liquid droplets are electrically charged after separation from the nozzle and the individual liquid droplets are passed through an electric field, whereby one or more electrically charged liquid droplets are directed to one or more reaction sites of the substrate before subsequently stored eukaryotic cell enzyme and optionally also reaction buffer is added and finally the enzymatic reaction, for example by adjusting the reaction solution to a suitable temperature, is started.
- the liquid stream containing the eukaryotic cell (s) at the nozzle By separating the liquid stream containing the eukaryotic cell (s) at the nozzle into individual liquid droplets separated from one another, it can be ensured in a simple manner by adjusting the concentration of the eukaryotic cells in the liquid suspension and by adjusting the size of the individual liquid droplets Liquid drop a predetermined number of eukaryotic cells, for example, exactly one eukaryotic cell per drop of liquid is included.
- the individual liquid droplets can be separated from one another so that selectively individual liquid droplets or a targeted liquid droplet containing the target cells can be applied to a reaction site of the substrate. For example, if the fluid suspension contains genetically different cells, it is possible to randomly randomly charge a drop of liquid statistically, whereas the other drops of liquid will not be electrically charged.
- the parameters when guiding the liquid suspension through the nozzle, at the separation of the liquid droplets at the nozzle and in the management of the liquid droplets are set by the electric field that at least one eukaryotic cell in a volume of less than 100 nl, preferably of less than 10 nl and more preferably of not more than 1 nl is deposited on a reaction site of the substrate.
- the eukaryotic cell (s) are hydrodynamically passed through the nozzle. This can be done, for example, by passing the liquid suspension through a cannula and exiting it via a circular opening and, after emerging from the cannula, focused by a sheath flow of a second fluid and passing through the nozzle located below the cannula opening.
- the nozzle has an inner diameter between 1 .mu.m and 1 mm. Particularly good results are obtained when the inner diameter of the nozzle is between 10 .mu.m and 500 .mu.m and in particular between 50 .mu.m and 100 .mu.m.
- each liquid drop of defined and reproducible size contains a predetermined number of eukaryotic cells, for example exactly one eukaryotic cell.
- the separation of the drops from the nozzle is due to the momentum of the pressure fluctuations supported by gravity.
- the method according to the invention is suitable both for depositing a specific number of genetically identical eukaryotic cells from, for example, a cell culture medium containing exclusively genetically identical cells, for example cells of a clone, on a reaction site of a substrate as well as for depositing a specific number of genetically identical eukaryotic cells from a mixture of genetically lower - different cells on a substrate.
- a specific number of genetically different eukaryotic cells from a corresponding cell mixture can also be deposited on the substrate and subjected there to an enzymatic reaction.
- the first-mentioned process variant can be realized, for example, by virtue of the fact that only genetically identical eukaryotic cells are present in the liquid suspension, the liquid flow at the nozzle is separated into individual liquid droplets so that each liquid droplet contains exactly one eukaryotic cell, and so many liquid droplets be electrically charged as eukaryotic cells are needed on the substrate.
- the subsequent guidance of the liquid drops through the electric field only the electrically charged drops are deflected and applied to a correspondingly positioned substrate.
- the corresponding deflection of the electrically charged liquid drops can be effected for example by guiding the liquid drops through a capacitor.
- the second-mentioned method variant can be realized by genetically different cells, for example eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells, being present in the fluid suspension, a single cell or multiple cells being labeled with a fluorescently labeled antibody or a fluorescent dye, the liquid flow at the nozzle separated into individual separate liquid droplets, the individual liquid drops separated from the liquid stream at the nozzle are passed through a laser beam, by which the fluorescence of the individual droplets is measured, then the individual liquid droplets depending on the fluorescence of the cell contained therein ( n) are electrically charged with a certain electrical charge and the individual liquid droplets are passed through an electric field so that the liquid droplets with a vorgeKindle in a vorgeexcellent The area lying electric charge can be directed to the substrate.
- cells for example eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells
- fluorescently labeled antibodies are preferably used when the genetically distinct cells are cells of different organisms
- labeling individual cells with a fluorescent dye has been found particularly suitable when the genetically distinct cells are from the same organism.
- the dye can, for example, be combined with a DNA probe. that is specific to a gene or gene segment of a particular cell type. It is equally possible to use several different fluorescently labeled antibodies or several different fluorescent dyes to label genetically distinct cells each with a specific fluorescently labeled antibody or a specific fluorescent dye. Thus, two or more different cell types can be detected by the laser, these can later be electrically charged and deflected to different substrates.
- the corresponding selective deflection in the corresponding electric field can be achieved in the case of two different cells to be separated in the electric field, for example, by positively charging the liquid drops of one target type and of negatively charging the liquid drops with the other target type.
- selective separation can be achieved by providing each of the different different cells with a different amount of electrical charge, for example cell I with an electrical charge of XC, cell II with an electrical charge of 2C. XC, cell III with an electrical charge of 3-XC and so on.
- the eukaryotic cell (s) are applied to one or more reaction site (s) of the substrate by means of a flow cytometer.
- FACS fluorescence-activated cell sorters
- FACS fluorescence activated cell sorters
- the deposition of the at least one eukaryotic cell on a reaction site of the substrate according to step d) and / or the removal of the eukaryotic cell (s) from the starting material according to process step b) may also be effected by laser microdissection ("laser capture microdissection"; LCM) or laser pressure catapultation (LPC) Suitable devices for the former technology are, for example, the Veritas TM microdissection instrument from Arcturus, which is part of the company Molecular Devices, or Leica LMD6000 of the Leica, while a device suitable for LPC technology is the PALM laser capture microdissection system from PALM in Wolfratshausen.
- LCM laser capture microdissection
- LPC laser pressure catapultation
- At least one AmpliGrid TM as the substrate, wherein the at least one AmpliGrid TM is positioned in a frame, which preferably has a capacity for four different AmpliGrid 1 s TM.
- a frame may for example be designed as a hollow frame, wherein the individual recesses of the hollow frame each have the shape and size of an AmpliGrid's TM.
- one or more substrates are preferably used which each have 2 to 1,000, preferably 12 to 256, particularly preferably 24 to 96 and very particularly preferably 48 different reaction sites comprising an inner hydrophilic area, the respective numbers the eukaryotic cell (s) deposited in the process step d) per reaction site are stored on a data carrier, for example a hard disk, during or after method step d).
- a data carrier for example a hard disk
- the inventive method is suitable for carrying out an enzymatic reaction using all known eukaryotic cell types.
- it is suitable for enzymatic reactions of human cells, wherein the method according to the invention has proven particularly suitable for carrying out an enzymatic reaction on erythrocytes, granulocytes, lymphocytes, platelets and cancer cells.
- Fig. 3a is a plan view of one for carrying out the present invention
- Invention suitable substrate according to an embodiment and Fig. 3b is a reaction point of the substrate shown in Fig. 3a.
- FIG. 1 shows the dependence of the ratio of the ratio of the cell volume per reaction volume on the number of cells used for cells with a diameter of 10 ⁇ m and at a reaction volume of 1 ⁇ l. Assuming a spherical cell shape results for a cell with a cell diameter of 10 microns, a cell volume of about 4200 microns. 3 Since a reaction volume of 1 ⁇ l corresponds to 10 9 ⁇ m 3 , the ratio of cell volume to reaction volume for a cell proportioned as above in a standard PCR reaction volume of 1 ⁇ l is about 0.004%. If the reaction mixture contains more than one cell, this ratio increases proportionally with the number of cells used. When ten cells are used, the corresponding ratio is already 0.004% in the aforementioned case and even 0.4% when 1,000 cells are used. Since the cells next to the substrate for the Taq
- Polymerase-serving DNA containing further components, such as proteins, lipids and the like, which can inhibit the Taq polymerase means a greater ratio of cell volume to reaction volume and the increasing risk that the PCR is inhibited or at least not optimal. For this reason, it is preferable to deposit a maximum of 10 eukaryotic cells on a reaction site of the substrate in the method according to the invention. Particularly good results are obtained when a maximum of 5 eukaryotic cells and in particular a maximum of 3 eukaryotic cells are deposited on a reaction site of the substrate. Best results are obtained when exactly one cell is deposited on a reaction site of the substrate.
- the device shown in FIG. 2 consists of a housing 1 in which a chamber 2 for a liquid jacket stream is located. Furthermore, the device has a cannula 3 for passing a cell Suspension, ie a suspension of cells in liquid on.
- the chamber 2 for the sheath flow tapers down to a nozzle 4.
- a piezoceramic 5 is provided which can exert periodic pressure fluctuations on the nozzle 4.
- the device comprises a laser source (not shown), which generates a laser beam 6 below the nozzle 4.
- a laser source (not shown), which generates a laser beam 6 below the nozzle 4.
- baffles 7 are provided, to which for the purpose of generating an electric field between the baffles 7, an electrical voltage can be applied.
- a cell suspension having a predetermined cell concentration for example a suspension of cells in cell culture medium
- a cell suspension having a predetermined cell concentration is guided via the cannula 3 into the device and guided into the chamber 2 via an outlet 8.
- sheath liquid is passed through the inlet 9 at a high pressure in the chamber 2 and flowed through it. Due to the pressure of the jacket liquid, the liquid jet emerging from the outlet 8 is hydrodynamically focused and guided to the nozzle 4.
- a piezoelectric modulation is applied to the nozzle 4, through which the nozzle 4 is exposed to periodic pressure fluctuations. Due to these pressure fluctuations, individual liquid drops 10 are separated from the liquid jet at the nozzle 4. Thereafter, the drops 10 fall down by gravity and pass through the laser beam 6 through which any fluorescently labeled antibodies bound to the cell membrane or fluorescent dyes incorporated into the cells can be detected. Before passing or after passing the laser beam 6, the individual liquid Droplet 10 by means of a corresponding device (not shown) selectively or electrically charged differently.
- individual liquid droplets 10 receive an electric charge while other liquid droplets 10 remain electrically neutral, or individual liquid droplets 10 receive a positive electrical charge, whereas the remaining liquid droplets 10 receive a negative electrical charge, or the individual liquid droplets 10 each receive a different amount
- the amount of electrical charge applied per liquid drop 10 is proportional to the intensity of the fluorescence per liquid drop 10 detected by the laser beam.
- the individual liquid droplets 10 are passed through an electric field generated by deflecting plates 7, in which electrically charged liquid droplets 10 are deflected.
- a substrate 11 in the form of a slide, which is arranged so that liquid droplets 10 are deflected with a certain electrical charge to a reaction point 12 of this substrate 11.
- the parameters when guiding the liquid suspension through the nozzle 4, when separating the liquid droplets 10 from the nozzle 4 and when guiding the liquid droplets 10 through the electric field, are adjusted so that the eukaryotic cell (n ) no longer have any surrounding fluid or at least largely no extracellular fluid.
- the substrate 11 shown in FIG. 3a is rectangular and has a total of 48 reaction sites 12, which are distributed over 6 rows arranged one below the other with 8 reaction sites 12 each.
- each reaction point 12 has an inner or central, hydrophilic area 13 of circular design.
- This inner hydrophilic region 13 is surrounded on the outside concentrically by an annular (inner) hydrophobic region 14, which in turn is surrounded concentrically on the outside by an annular (central) hydrophilic region 15.
- the (middle) hydrophilic region 15 is surrounded on the outside by an (outer) hydrophobic region 16.
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Abstract
Description
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006056694A DE102006056694B4 (de) | 2006-11-30 | 2006-11-30 | Verfahren zum Durchführen einer enzymatischen Reaktion |
| PCT/EP2007/008123 WO2008064730A2 (de) | 2006-11-30 | 2007-09-18 | Verfahren zum durchführen einer enzymatischen reaktion |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2089547A2 true EP2089547A2 (de) | 2009-08-19 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07818225A Withdrawn EP2089547A2 (de) | 2006-11-30 | 2007-09-18 | Verfahren zum durchführen einer enzymatischen reaktion |
Country Status (5)
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| US (1) | US20110081684A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2089547A2 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2010510782A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102006056694B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2008064730A2 (de) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007059476B3 (de) * | 2007-12-11 | 2009-07-30 | Advalytix Ag | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Vermehrung und zur anschließenden Charakterisierung von Zellen |
| JP5924077B2 (ja) | 2012-03-30 | 2016-05-25 | ソニー株式会社 | 微小粒子分取装置及び微小粒子分取装置における軌道方向判定方法 |
| WO2013145905A1 (ja) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-03 | ソニー株式会社 | 微小粒子分取装置及び該装置における流体ストリーム最適化方法 |
| WO2014115409A1 (ja) | 2013-01-28 | 2014-07-31 | ソニー株式会社 | 微小粒子分取装置、微小粒子分取方法及びプログラム |
| WO2014168043A1 (ja) * | 2013-04-09 | 2014-10-16 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 測定装置及び測定方法 |
| EP3035030B1 (de) | 2013-10-16 | 2019-07-10 | Sony Corporation | Partikelfraktionierungsvorrichtung, partikelfraktionierungsverfahren und programm |
| JP6136843B2 (ja) | 2013-10-17 | 2017-05-31 | ソニー株式会社 | 粒子分取装置、粒子分取方法及びプログラム |
| JP6465036B2 (ja) | 2014-02-13 | 2019-02-06 | ソニー株式会社 | 粒子分取装置、粒子分取方法、プログラム及び粒子分取システム |
| JP6102783B2 (ja) | 2014-02-14 | 2017-03-29 | ソニー株式会社 | 粒子分取装置、粒子分取方法及びプログラム |
| JP6657625B2 (ja) | 2014-09-05 | 2020-03-04 | ソニー株式会社 | 液滴分取装置、液滴分取方法及びプログラム |
| WO2017068822A1 (ja) | 2015-10-19 | 2017-04-27 | ソニー株式会社 | 画像処理装置、微小粒子分取装置及び画像処理方法 |
| JP6629429B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-28 | 2020-01-15 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 細胞分析システム |
| JP7059712B2 (ja) * | 2018-03-14 | 2022-04-26 | 株式会社リコー | プレートの生成方法、プレートの生成装置、及びオリフィスの径可変プログラム |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6540895B1 (en) * | 1997-09-23 | 2003-04-01 | California Institute Of Technology | Microfabricated cell sorter for chemical and biological materials |
| US20020064809A1 (en) * | 2000-11-29 | 2002-05-30 | Mutz Mitchell W. | Focused acoustic ejection cell sorting system and method |
| DE10103954B4 (de) * | 2001-01-30 | 2005-10-06 | Advalytix Ag | Verfahren zur Analyse von Makromolekülen |
| WO2002101087A1 (en) * | 2001-06-08 | 2002-12-19 | Chemometec A/S | A method and a system for counting cells from a plurality of species |
| DE10136008B4 (de) * | 2001-07-24 | 2005-03-31 | Advalytix Ag | Verfahren zur Analyse von Makromolekülen und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Analysevorrichtung |
| DE10164358C2 (de) * | 2001-12-28 | 2003-11-27 | Advalytix Ag | Charakterisierungsverfahren für funktionalisierte Oberflächen |
| US20060024272A1 (en) * | 2004-07-29 | 2006-02-02 | Large Scale Biology Corporation | C-terminally truncated interferon |
| DE102005056639A1 (de) * | 2005-11-28 | 2007-06-06 | Advalytix Ag | Verfahren, Vorrichtung und Kit zur Untersuchung von Makromolekülen in einer Probe |
-
2006
- 2006-11-30 DE DE102006056694A patent/DE102006056694B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-09-18 EP EP07818225A patent/EP2089547A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-09-18 US US12/312,906 patent/US20110081684A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-09-18 WO PCT/EP2007/008123 patent/WO2008064730A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2007-09-18 JP JP2009538597A patent/JP2010510782A/ja active Pending
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| Title |
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| PANACCIO M ET AL: "Direct PCR from solid tissues without DNA extraction.", NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH 25 SEP 1993, vol. 21, no. 19, 25 September 1993 (1993-09-25), pages 4656, XP001537468, ISSN: 0305-1048 * |
| ROJAS FRANCISCO J ET AL: "Enzymatic amplification of specific deoxyribonucleic acid sequences from single cells: Evaluation of a simplified and rapid method for use in preimplantation genetic diagnosis", FERTILITY AND STERILITY, ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, NEW YORK, NY, USA, vol. 64, no. 2, 1 January 1995 (1995-01-01), pages 255 - 260, XP008159870, ISSN: 0015-0282 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2008064730A3 (de) | 2008-07-24 |
| WO2008064730A2 (de) | 2008-06-05 |
| DE102006056694A1 (de) | 2008-06-05 |
| DE102006056694B4 (de) | 2010-08-05 |
| JP2010510782A (ja) | 2010-04-08 |
| US20110081684A1 (en) | 2011-04-07 |
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