EP2087203B1 - Verbesserter gleitanker - Google Patents

Verbesserter gleitanker Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2087203B1
EP2087203B1 EP07819726A EP07819726A EP2087203B1 EP 2087203 B1 EP2087203 B1 EP 2087203B1 EP 07819726 A EP07819726 A EP 07819726A EP 07819726 A EP07819726 A EP 07819726A EP 2087203 B1 EP2087203 B1 EP 2087203B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sliding
anchor bolt
anchor
bore
control element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP07819726A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2087203A1 (de
Inventor
Michael Meidl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Atlas Copco Mai GmbH
Original Assignee
Atlas Copco Mai GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Atlas Copco Mai GmbH filed Critical Atlas Copco Mai GmbH
Priority to PL07819726T priority Critical patent/PL2087203T3/pl
Priority to SI200730209T priority patent/SI2087203T1/sl
Publication of EP2087203A1 publication Critical patent/EP2087203A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2087203B1 publication Critical patent/EP2087203B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/008—Anchoring or tensioning means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
    • E21D21/0033—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts having a jacket or outer tube

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sliding anchor for insertion into a bore, wherein the sliding anchor has an anchor rod on which a sliding control member is arranged with a through hole through which the anchor rod extends, and wherein the sliding control member has a Gleit Economics tanninfig with at least one recess for receiving a in contact comprises sliding body standing with the lateral surface of the anchor rod.
  • a sliding anchor is from the WO 2006/034208 A1 known.
  • Sliding anchors belong to the group of so-called mountain anchors. Mountain anchors are used in mining, tunneling and foundation engineering to stabilize the wall of a tunnel or tunnels. For this purpose, a hole in the rock is driven from the tunnel or tunnel, the length of which is usually between two and twelve meters. In this hole then a rock bolt of appropriate length is introduced, the end region is permanently secured by mortar, with special resin adhesives or by mechanical splaying in the hole. On the protruding out of the bore end of the anchor usually an anchor plate is inserted, which is clamped with a nut against the wall of the tunnel or tunnel. In this way, loads acting in the area of the tunnel or tunnel wall can be introduced into deeper rock layers. In other words, with the help of such rock anchors wall-remote rock layers are used for load transfer in order to minimize the risk of collapse of the tunnel or tunnel.
  • each recess is arranged to receive a slider in Gleit Sciencesurafig tangential to the lateral surface of the anchor rod, further that the Mantelhüll Chemistry each recess protrudes a predefined dimension in the free cross section of the passage opening, and that finally each slider fills the cross section of its associated recess.
  • tangential to the lateral surface of the anchor rod in the present case means no exact tangentiality in the mathematical sense, in which the mantle envelope surface of the recess would affect only the lateral surface of the anchor rod, but there is a substantially tangential arrangement of the specific recesses for receiving sliding bodies
  • the lateral surface of the anchor rod is meant in which the central longitudinal axis of each recess is skewed to the central longitudinal axis of the anchor rod, wherein in a projection of the central longitudinal axis of the anchor rod and the central longitudinal axis of any recess for receiving a slider, these two axes may be orthogonal to each other, but need not.
  • the central longitudinal axis of a recess for receiving a slider can therefore lie in a plane which intersects the central longitudinal axis of the anchor rod at right angles (then the axes in question in the projection described are orthogonal to each other), but it can also in a to the central longitudinal axis of the anchor rod sloping plane lie.
  • the inventive design of a sliding anchor has a number of advantages.
  • Mantelhüll Chemistry each provided for receiving a slider recess in Gleitoasalafig a predefined dimension in the free cross section of the passage opening of the sliding control protrudes, with the help of this measure, the clamping force with which the sliding body or hold the extending through the through hole anchor rod, very accurately be preset.
  • clamping or breakout force can be influenced are the shape of the sliding body and the sliding body cage, the number of sliding bodies, the nature of their surface in contact with the anchor rod, the material pairings between the sliding body and the tie rod as well as between the sliding body and the sliding body cage, as well as the shape and type of the surface of the anchor rod.
  • the sliding anchor according to the invention already works with a recess and a sliding body arranged therein.
  • a plurality of recesses are arranged in the sliding body cage, which are advantageously distributed around the circumference of the anchor rod around, in particular evenly distributed around the circumference.
  • the desired breakaway force can be set even more precisely, also can be realized with multiple recesses and sliding bodies arranged therein in a simple way higher clamping or breakaway forces.
  • a uniform distribution of the recesses and sliding bodies around the circumference of the anchor rod distributes the loads acting on the anchor rod more uniformly.
  • Each of the plurality of recesses may be arranged in the sliding body cage at a different level, ie in a respective separate cross-sectional plane of the sliding body cage.
  • a plurality of recesses are preferably arranged in a cross-sectional plane of the sliding body cage.
  • the number of recesses possible in a cross-sectional plane depends on the dimension of the recesses and the dimension of the sliding body cage.
  • three recesses are arranged in a cross-sectional plane, however, it may also be more than three such recesses in a larger sized sliding anchor with a correspondingly larger sliding control.
  • a plurality of recesses in groups in different cross-sectional planes of the slider cage, also from the viewpoint of achieving a compact construction and uniform load distribution.
  • Such a configuration is preferably selected when the spatial relationships do not allow an arrangement of the desired number of recesses in a cross-sectional plane.
  • three recesses in two different cross-sectional planes of the sliding body cage are arranged in another embodiment of the sliding anchor according to the invention.
  • the recesses of the different cross-sectional planes are advantageously angularly offset from one another in such a way that the sliding bodies arranged in the recesses of one cross-sectional plane contact other regions of the lateral surface of the anchor rod than the sliding bodies present in the or the other cross-sectional planes.
  • the shape of the sliding body used can be chosen almost arbitrarily.
  • the sliders may be spherical or may have a tapered outer shape, e.g. taper roller-shaped.
  • the sliders have a circular cylindrical shape, so are roll-shaped.
  • the lateral surface of each slider can be cambered, i. bulged outwards, e.g. in the manner of a wine barrel.
  • prismatic sliding body are possible.
  • the shape of the recesses must be adapted to the sliding bodies used at least to the extent that each slider is received in its recess substantially free of play.
  • the shape of the recess will correspond to the shape of the slider used, i. a circular cylindrical slider will be arranged in a circular cylindrical recess, a conical slider in a conical recess, etc., but this match is not mandatory.
  • the sliding anchor there are two basic possibilities for the arrangement of the sliding control element.
  • One option is to place the slide control on a portion of the anchor rod intended for insertion into the bore.
  • the maximum sliding distance of the sliding anchor is then the distance by which the anchor rod extends beyond the sliding control element into the bore.
  • the anchor rod does not come off the sliding control when passing through the maximum sliding distance has been, in preferred embodiments in the region of the bore-side end of the anchor rod, a stop element is present, whose diameter is greater than the diameter of the passage opening in the sliding control.
  • the anchor rod can not slip through the sliding control.
  • the stopper is screwed onto the bore-side end portion of the anchor rod or otherwise secured nut.
  • the stop element strikes after passing through the maximum possible Gleitweges on the sliding control, another defined yielding of the sliding armature is no longer possible.
  • the sliding anchor can then be charged to its resulting from the structural design breaking load and will fail after exceeding the same, for example, then the anchor rod will tear.
  • a first protective tube concentrically surrounding the tie rod extends from the sliding control element to the bore-side end of the anchor rod.
  • the mortar or adhesive which is usually introduced into the bore in front of the armature, is displaced into the bore during insertion of the armature and a part flows past the outside of the first protective tube, so that in this embodiment, supported by the first protective tube, on the outside of the sliding anchor behind the sliding control element, ie on its side facing the bore mouth, in the bore forms a plug of the resin material or mortar used to fix the anchor.
  • This graft fulfills the solidification of the material, the function of an abutment on which the sliding control element and thus the entire anchor is supported. This reliably prevents the anchor from being pulled out of the bore.
  • the anchor rod concentrically surrounding the first protective tube but is also advantageous if the sliding anchor is clamped by means of spreading, for example using an expansion sleeve in the hole, because the protective tube also holds loose rock material from the slide, ie intended for sliding Far away the section of the anchor rod, which could otherwise interfere, and it also protects the sliding distance from corrosion.
  • the outer diameter corresponds the first protective tube substantially the outer diameter of the sliding control element, so that, starting with the sliding control element to the bore-side end of the sliding anchor an at least approximately uniform outer diameter results, which facilitates insertion of the sliding anchor into the bore.
  • Gleitankers are provided with a second, the anchor rod concentrically surrounding protective tube, which is different from the anchor plate already mentioned, which closes the bore mouth, extends a little way into the bore.
  • a second protective tube can be firmly connected to the anchor plate, for example by welding or screws or by a one-piece design with the anchor plate.
  • preferred embodiments have a third, the anchor rod concentrically surrounding protective tube, which may for example consist of plastic and the sliding control a piece in the direction of from Bore protruding end of the anchor rod extends, ie towards the bore mouth.
  • the third protection tube can also be formed by a shrink tube or merely a coating, which is applied to the portion of the anchor rod to be protected.
  • the sliding control is in the bore, whether a rock movement has occurred, ie whether it has come to a sliding movement of the anchor rod in the sliding control due to exceeding the breakout force after setting the anchor
  • preferred embodiments of the sliding anchor according to the invention are provided with a monitoring device.
  • This may consist of a watch wire in a simple form, for example, which is stretched by the sliding control element to the anchor plate and preferably from the outside of the anchor plate, that is, the side facing away from the bore side of the anchor plate is accessible.
  • the monitoring wire may be made of metal or plastic or it may be a thread or the like.
  • a mixing element is attached. If two-component adhesive resins are used to fix the armature in the bore, the two components are usually introduced into the bore in the form of adhesive cartridges, in which the two components are accommodated, for example, in two mutually concentric chambers separated from one another.
  • the mixing element can also serve as the stop element already mentioned above.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a sliding anchor, generally designated 10, which is provided for insertion into a rock hole, not shown, for example, to stabilize the wall of a tunnel or tunnel.
  • the central element of this sliding anchor 10 is an anchor rod 12, which represents the load-bearing component of the sliding anchor 10 and whose length determines the length of the sliding anchor 10.
  • the anchor rod 12 is a solid, continuous steel rod with a circular cross-section and a diameter of 12 mm and smooth lateral surface whose length is here two meters.
  • the diameter of the anchor rod 12 may be smaller or greater than 12 mm, and also its length may be shorter or longer than previously specified, depending on the conditions of use.
  • the lateral surface of the anchor rod 12 does not have to be smooth, but can be roughened, grooved, etc., for example.
  • anchor rods of circular cross-section are preferred, the invention is not limited thereto, the cross-section of the anchor rod may for example be square, polygonal, etc.
  • a sliding control element 14 On a portion of the anchor rod 12, which is provided for introduction into the rock hole, not shown, a sliding control element 14 is arranged, the basic structure better from the FIGS. 2 and 3 evident.
  • the sliding control element 14 serves to allow a limited longitudinal displacement of the anchor rod 12 relative to the sliding control element 14, so that the sliding anchor 10 can cope better with rock displacements occurring after its setting and does not fail prematurely.
  • the sliding control element 14 has a circular cylindrical Gleit Economics sakefig 16 with a central, axially extending through hole 18, which is slightly stepped in the example shown and extends through which in the assembled state of the sliding anchor 10 of the anchor rod 12.
  • three recesses 20 are formed in the form of circular cylindrical bores distributed uniformly around the circumference of the sliding body cage 16, which are arranged in such a way that their jacket enveloping surface projects somewhat into the free cross section of the through opening 18.
  • a measure X which defines the distance between the center M of the through-hole 18 and the central longitudinal axis of each recess 20, is slightly smaller than the sum of the radius R of the through-hole 18 and the radius r of the recess 20.
  • the recesses 20 are arranged substantially tangentially to the lateral surface of the anchor rod 12, ie their central longitudinal axes are skewed to the central longitudinal axis of the through hole 18 and are with respect to a projection containing the central longitudinal axis of the through hole 18 and the central longitudinal axis of each recess 20, orthogonal to the central longitudinal axis of the through hole 18.
  • the three recesses 20 are thus arranged in one and the same cross-sectional plane of the Gleit stresseshanfigs 16.
  • An angle M ° is 30 ° in the embodiment shown.
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 a second embodiment of a Gleit analyses hisfigs 16 'is shown, whose basic structure corresponds to the Gleit analyses hisfig 16.
  • the Gleit analyses hisfig 16 ' two superimposed planes, each with three recesses 20, wherein the recesses 20 of a cross-sectional plane to the recesses 20 of the other cross-sectional plane in the circumferential direction are offset so that all six recesses 20 together uniformly the circumference of the Gleit stresses Karfigs 16 'are distributed.
  • Each recess 20 is provided for receiving a here circular cylindrical slider 22 whose outer diameter matches up to usual tolerances with the diameter of the recess 20, so that completely fills the cross section of the recess 20.
  • the FIGS. 7 and 8 show the FIGS. 5 and 6 corresponding views in which in each recess 20 as described above formed sliding body 22 is arranged. As in particular from FIG. 7 Good to see, projects due to the described arrangement of the recesses 20 each slider 22 with its lateral surface something in the cross section of the through hole 18 into it. In this way, the anchor rod 12, whose outer diameter corresponds approximately to the diameter of the passage opening 18, held by the sliding bodies 22 by clamping.
  • first protective tube 24 is almost to the bore-side end of the sliding anchor 10.
  • This protective tube 24 the in the embodiment shown has substantially the same outer diameter as the Gleit stresses Kofig 16 ', serves to keep that mass (mortar, adhesive) from the surface of the anchor rod 12, with which the sliding anchor 10 is permanently anchored in the bore, not shown.
  • the first protective tube 24 thus provides on a bore-side end portion of the sliding anchor 10 a circular cylindrical cavity around the anchor rod 12 so that the latter is not blocked by the mortar or adhesive and thereby prevented from shifting relative to the sliding control 14.
  • the tip of the slide anchor 10 forms a mixing element 26, secured to the bore-side end of the anchor rod 12, having a plurality of mixing vanes 28 which serve to intimately mix common two-component adhesives used to define rock bolts inserted into the bore prior to setting an anchor.
  • the anchor rod 12 is rotated after insertion into the bore, whereby the mixing element 26 is rotated.
  • the outer diameter of the mixing element 26 is greater than the diameter of the passage opening 18 in the sliding body cage 16 or 16 '.
  • the mixing element 26 simultaneously acts as a stop element on the end portion of the anchor rod 12, which prevents the anchor rod 12 can be pulled out of the sliding control element 14.
  • a stop element may also be designed as a threaded nut or simply be formed by a thickening of the anchor rod 12, which is generated for example by a compression of the anchor rod.
  • a load-transmitting armature plate 30 is provided, which is inserted on the bore-input-side end of the anchor rod 12.
  • This anchor plate 30, which is usually also made of steel and is generally square, is secured with a lock nut 32 on the anchor rod 12.
  • a second, fixedly connected to the anchor plate 30 and here also made of steel existing second protective tube 34 extends a little way into the hole, not shown, to protect an initial portion of the anchor rod 12 against loose rock.
  • the inner diameter of the second protective tube 34 is larger than the outer diameter of the anchor rod 12 is selected.
  • the outer diameter of the second protective tube 34 is significantly smaller than the outer diameter of the first protective tube 24 to facilitate insertion into the bore.
  • a central portion of the anchor rod 12 is concentrically surrounded by a third protective tube 36, which extends from the sliding control element 14 in the direction of the anchor plate 30.
  • This third protective tube 36 serves to keep unwanted influences from the surface of the anchor rod 12, in particular to prevent sticking of the anchor rod in this area.
  • the slip anchor 10 After forming a mating bore, the slip anchor 10 is inserted into the bore and anchored there by means of mortars or adhesives known to those skilled in the art. Alternatively, the use of expandable elements for anchoring is possible and known, for example by expansion sleeves. Specifically, the illustrated slide anchor 10 is retained by a plug in the bore which is defined by material displacement of the adhesive or grout used behind the slide control member 14, i. forms on the side of the wellbore mouth and after curing of the material prevents withdrawal of the armature 10 from the bore. After placing the anchor plate 30 and tightening the same by means of the lock nut 32, the sliding anchor 10 can then fulfill its load-bearing, stabilizing function.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
EP07819726A 2006-11-10 2007-11-09 Verbesserter gleitanker Active EP2087203B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL07819726T PL2087203T3 (pl) 2006-11-10 2007-11-09 Udoskonalona kotwa poślizgowa
SI200730209T SI2087203T1 (sl) 2006-11-10 2007-11-09 Izboljšano drsno sidro

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006053141A DE102006053141B3 (de) 2006-11-10 2006-11-10 Verbesserter Gleitanker
PCT/EP2007/009733 WO2008055696A1 (de) 2006-11-10 2007-11-09 Verbesserter gleitanker

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2087203A1 EP2087203A1 (de) 2009-08-12
EP2087203B1 true EP2087203B1 (de) 2010-01-13

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ID=39047554

Family Applications (1)

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EP07819726A Active EP2087203B1 (de) 2006-11-10 2007-11-09 Verbesserter gleitanker

Country Status (28)

Country Link
US (1) US7955034B2 (es)
EP (1) EP2087203B1 (es)
JP (1) JP4741703B2 (es)
KR (1) KR101088500B1 (es)
CN (1) CN101506468B (es)
AT (1) ATE455235T1 (es)
AU (1) AU2007316905B2 (es)
BR (1) BRPI0716667A2 (es)
CA (1) CA2660496C (es)
CL (1) CL2007003140A1 (es)
CY (1) CY2200166T2 (es)
DE (2) DE102006053141B3 (es)
DK (1) DK2087203T3 (es)
ES (1) ES2328663T3 (es)
HK (1) HK1131649A1 (es)
HR (1) HRP20100084T1 (es)
IL (1) IL197263A (es)
ME (1) MEP6409A (es)
MX (1) MX2009004927A (es)
NO (1) NO20091918L (es)
PE (1) PE20081143A1 (es)
PL (1) PL2087203T3 (es)
PT (1) PT2087203E (es)
RS (1) RS51267B (es)
RU (1) RU2410541C2 (es)
SI (1) SI2087203T1 (es)
WO (1) WO2008055696A1 (es)
ZA (1) ZA200900972B (es)

Families Citing this family (11)

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KR100929879B1 (ko) 2004-09-20 2009-12-04 아틀라스 코프코 마이 게엠베하 조정 가능한 항복 록 볼트 및 그라우트 록 앵커의 전체 항복량을 조정하는 방법
DE102006053141B3 (de) 2006-11-10 2008-06-19 Atlas Copco Mai Gmbh Verbesserter Gleitanker
MX2010009475A (es) * 2008-02-29 2010-09-28 Atlas Copco Mai Gmbh Anclaje deslizante mejorado.
AU2009273761B2 (en) * 2008-07-25 2014-07-31 Garford Pty Ltd A method of encasing a yielding rock bolt shaft
DE102010063098A1 (de) * 2010-12-15 2012-02-16 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Gesteinsanker
DE102012201662A1 (de) * 2012-02-06 2013-08-08 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Setzwerkzeug und Verfahren zur Montage einer Ankerstange
SE538335C2 (sv) * 2014-09-25 2016-05-24 Northern Mining Products Ab Energiupptagande bergbult för ingjutning samt förfarande förtillverkning av en sådan bergbult
NO340229B1 (no) * 2014-11-10 2017-03-20 Interwell Technology As En brønnverktøyinnretning for anvendelse i en olje- og/eller gassbrønn
WO2017119145A1 (ja) * 2016-01-06 2017-07-13 鹿島建設株式会社 ロックボルト
CN108150209A (zh) * 2018-01-28 2018-06-12 大连海事大学 一种适用于防护及测量隧道稳定性的智能锚杆
CN114000899B (zh) * 2021-09-29 2024-04-12 华北水利水电大学 一种多功能及智能监测锚杆装置

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DE102006053141B3 (de) 2006-11-10 2008-06-19 Atlas Copco Mai Gmbh Verbesserter Gleitanker

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SI2087203T1 (sl) 2010-05-31
DE502007002647D1 (de) 2010-03-04
HK1131649A1 (en) 2010-01-29
IL197263A0 (en) 2009-12-24
ES2328663T1 (es) 2009-11-17
DK2087203T3 (da) 2010-05-03
IL197263A (en) 2012-01-31
JP4741703B2 (ja) 2011-08-10
WO2008055696A1 (de) 2008-05-15
BRPI0716667A2 (pt) 2013-12-10
US20090269159A1 (en) 2009-10-29
CL2007003140A1 (es) 2008-04-04
CY2200166T2 (el) 2010-07-28
PE20081143A1 (es) 2008-09-18
AU2007316905B2 (en) 2011-01-20
ES2328663T3 (es) 2010-04-22
PT2087203E (pt) 2010-01-28
ATE455235T1 (de) 2010-01-15
RS51267B (sr) 2010-12-31
EP2087203A1 (de) 2009-08-12
AU2007316905A1 (en) 2008-05-15
PL2087203T3 (pl) 2010-06-30
CN101506468A (zh) 2009-08-12
HRP20100084T1 (hr) 2010-04-30
US7955034B2 (en) 2011-06-07
KR101088500B1 (ko) 2011-12-01
DE102006053141B3 (de) 2008-06-19
CA2660496A1 (en) 2008-05-15
KR20090051052A (ko) 2009-05-20
CA2660496C (en) 2011-08-02
RU2410541C2 (ru) 2011-01-27
CN101506468B (zh) 2011-06-15
MX2009004927A (es) 2009-05-19
ZA200900972B (en) 2009-12-30
JP2010507032A (ja) 2010-03-04
MEP6409A (en) 2011-12-20
NO20091918L (no) 2009-05-18

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