EP2087203B1 - Improved sliding anchor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a sliding anchor bolt (10) for introduction into a bore. The sliding anchor bolt (10) has a anchor bolt rod (12), disposed on which is a sliding control element (14) having a through-opening (18), through which the anchor bolt rod (12) extends. The sliding control element (14) comprises a sliding body cage (16) having at least one recess (20) for receiving a sliding body (22) that is in contact with the lateral surface of the anchor bolt rod (12). For precise and repeatable setting of a predefined breakaway force, each recess (22) for receiving a sliding body (22) is disposed in the sliding body cage (22) tangentially relative to the lateral surface of the anchor bolt rod (12). Furthermore, the lateral enveloping surface of each recess (20) projects by a predefined dimension into the free cross section of the through-opening (18), and each sliding body (22) fills the cross section of the recess (20) associated with it.

Description

The invention relates to a sliding anchor for insertion into a bore, wherein the sliding anchor has an anchor rod on which a sliding control member is arranged with a through hole through which the anchor rod extends, and wherein the sliding control member has a Gleitkörperkäfig with at least one recess for receiving a in contact comprises sliding body standing with the lateral surface of the anchor rod. Such a sliding anchor is from the WO 2006/034208 A1 known.

Sliding anchors belong to the group of so-called mountain anchors. Mountain anchors are used in mining, tunneling and foundation engineering to stabilize the wall of a tunnel or tunnels. For this purpose, a hole in the rock is driven from the tunnel or tunnel, the length of which is usually between two and twelve meters. In this hole then a rock bolt of appropriate length is introduced, the end region is permanently secured by mortar, with special resin adhesives or by mechanical splaying in the hole. On the protruding out of the bore end of the anchor usually an anchor plate is inserted, which is clamped with a nut against the wall of the tunnel or tunnel. In this way, loads acting in the area of the tunnel or tunnel wall can be introduced into deeper rock layers. In other words, with the help of such rock anchors wall-remote rock layers are used for load transfer in order to minimize the risk of collapse of the tunnel or tunnel.

Conventional rock anchors can transmit a maximum load corresponding to their structural design and break when this load is exceeded (so-called breaking load). In order to avoid such, for example caused by rock displacements total failure of a set rock anchor as possible, so-called sliding anchors have been developed that give defined when exceeding a predetermined load, ie can increase their length within certain limits, to a voltage acting in the rock to a degree which can still be transferred from the anchor. In such sliding anchors, it is desirable that the force at which the sliding anchor defines yielding, can be adjusted as accurately as possible and also during the yielding as little as possible fluctuates in order to enable on the one hand an exact structural design of the rock anchor and on the other hand to be able to realize as good as possible a predictable behavior during operation. Also, the so-called breakaway force, so the force from which exceeds the sliding anchors defines yielding, be repeatable, so that the load of the sliding anchor during different, temporally spaced phases of such a defined yielding does not change uncontrollably.

The invention has set itself the task of providing an improved in this respect Gleitanker. Starting from the aforementioned, known sliding anchor this object is achieved in that each recess is arranged to receive a slider in Gleitkörperkäfig tangential to the lateral surface of the anchor rod, further that the Mantelhüllfläche each recess protrudes a predefined dimension in the free cross section of the passage opening, and that finally each slider fills the cross section of its associated recess. The term "tangential to the lateral surface of the anchor rod" in the present case means no exact tangentiality in the mathematical sense, in which the mantle envelope surface of the recess would affect only the lateral surface of the anchor rod, but there is a substantially tangential arrangement of the specific recesses for receiving sliding bodies The lateral surface of the anchor rod is meant in which the central longitudinal axis of each recess is skewed to the central longitudinal axis of the anchor rod, wherein in a projection of the central longitudinal axis of the anchor rod and the central longitudinal axis of any recess for receiving a slider, these two axes may be orthogonal to each other, but need not. The central longitudinal axis of a recess for receiving a slider can therefore lie in a plane which intersects the central longitudinal axis of the anchor rod at right angles (then the axes in question in the projection described are orthogonal to each other), but it can also in a to the central longitudinal axis of the anchor rod sloping plane lie.

The inventive design of a sliding anchor has a number of advantages. By the Mantelhüllfläche each provided for receiving a slider recess in Gleitkörperkäfig a predefined dimension in the free cross section of the passage opening of the sliding control protrudes, with the help of this measure, the clamping force with which the sliding body or hold the extending through the through hole anchor rod, very accurately be preset. Furthermore, this once set clamping force after a single startup process can be achieved with repeated accuracy, because each slider fills to the usual tolerances the Cross-section of its associated recess, so that the predefined measure, with which each slider protrudes into the free cross section of the passage opening, does not change during operation of the sliding anchor, especially not if it comes in operation to several time-separate sliding phases of the anchor rod , Finally, the power transmission between the optionally sliding anchor rod and the sliding control element is advantageously solved, since it comes to the material of the sliding bodies and the Gleitkörperkäfig due to the cross-section of the recesses fills sliding body, but only on the anchor rod. The prerequisite for this is, of course, that - as already cited in the prior art - the material hardness of the slider is greater than that of the anchor rod.

Other influencing factors with which the clamping or breakout force can be influenced are the shape of the sliding body and the sliding body cage, the number of sliding bodies, the nature of their surface in contact with the anchor rod, the material pairings between the sliding body and the tie rod as well as between the sliding body and the sliding body cage, as well as the shape and type of the surface of the anchor rod.

In principle, the sliding anchor according to the invention already works with a recess and a sliding body arranged therein. Preferably, however, a plurality of recesses are arranged in the sliding body cage, which are advantageously distributed around the circumference of the anchor rod around, in particular evenly distributed around the circumference. By means of a plurality of recesses and according to a plurality of sliding body, the desired breakaway force can be set even more precisely, also can be realized with multiple recesses and sliding bodies arranged therein in a simple way higher clamping or breakaway forces. A uniform distribution of the recesses and sliding bodies around the circumference of the anchor rod distributes the loads acting on the anchor rod more uniformly.

Each of the plurality of recesses may be arranged in the sliding body cage at a different level, ie in a respective separate cross-sectional plane of the sliding body cage. To achieve a more compact design of the sliding control element, however, a plurality of recesses are preferably arranged in a cross-sectional plane of the sliding body cage. The number of recesses possible in a cross-sectional plane depends on the dimension of the recesses and the dimension of the sliding body cage. In one embodiment of a sliding anchor according to the invention three recesses are arranged in a cross-sectional plane, however, it may also be more than three such recesses in a larger sized sliding anchor with a correspondingly larger sliding control. Further, it is also preferable to arrange a plurality of recesses in groups in different cross-sectional planes of the slider cage, also from the viewpoint of achieving a compact construction and uniform load distribution. Such a configuration is preferably selected when the spatial relationships do not allow an arrangement of the desired number of recesses in a cross-sectional plane. For example, in each case three recesses in two different cross-sectional planes of the sliding body cage are arranged in another embodiment of the sliding anchor according to the invention. The recesses of the different cross-sectional planes are advantageously angularly offset from one another in such a way that the sliding bodies arranged in the recesses of one cross-sectional plane contact other regions of the lateral surface of the anchor rod than the sliding bodies present in the or the other cross-sectional planes.

In the context of the present invention, the shape of the sliding body used can be chosen almost arbitrarily. For example, the sliders may be spherical or may have a tapered outer shape, e.g. taper roller-shaped. According to a preferred embodiment, the sliders have a circular cylindrical shape, so are roll-shaped. Furthermore, the lateral surface of each slider can be cambered, i. bulged outwards, e.g. in the manner of a wine barrel. Also prismatic sliding body are possible. It is understood that the shape of the recesses must be adapted to the sliding bodies used at least to the extent that each slider is received in its recess substantially free of play. In general, the shape of the recess will correspond to the shape of the slider used, i. a circular cylindrical slider will be arranged in a circular cylindrical recess, a conical slider in a conical recess, etc., but this match is not mandatory.

In the sliding anchor according to the invention there are two basic possibilities for the arrangement of the sliding control element. One option is to place the slide control on a portion of the anchor rod intended for insertion into the bore. The maximum sliding distance of the sliding anchor is then the distance by which the anchor rod extends beyond the sliding control element into the bore. Thus, in such an embodiment, the anchor rod does not come off the sliding control when passing through the maximum sliding distance has been, in preferred embodiments in the region of the bore-side end of the anchor rod, a stop element is present, whose diameter is greater than the diameter of the passage opening in the sliding control. In this way, the anchor rod can not slip through the sliding control. For example, the stopper is screwed onto the bore-side end portion of the anchor rod or otherwise secured nut. If the stop element strikes after passing through the maximum possible Gleitweges on the sliding control, another defined yielding of the sliding armature is no longer possible. The sliding anchor can then be charged to its resulting from the structural design breaking load and will fail after exceeding the same, for example, then the anchor rod will tear.

To ensure that the part of the anchor rod protruding beyond the sliding control element into the bore can slidingly slide through the sliding control element as required, in preferred embodiments of the sliding anchor according to the invention a first protective tube concentrically surrounding the tie rod extends from the sliding control element to the bore-side end of the anchor rod. In this way, on the one hand, mortar or optionally used adhesive resins are prevented from coming into contact with the anchor rod and possibly blocking it, ie, a free passage of the portion of the anchor rod surrounded by the first protective tube is ensured in this way by the sliding control element. The mortar or adhesive, which is usually introduced into the bore in front of the armature, is displaced into the bore during insertion of the armature and a part flows past the outside of the first protective tube, so that in this embodiment, supported by the first protective tube, on the outside of the sliding anchor behind the sliding control element, ie on its side facing the bore mouth, in the bore forms a plug of the resin material or mortar used to fix the anchor. This graft fulfills the solidification of the material, the function of an abutment on which the sliding control element and thus the entire anchor is supported. This reliably prevents the anchor from being pulled out of the bore. Such, the anchor rod concentrically surrounding the first protective tube but is also advantageous if the sliding anchor is clamped by means of spreading, for example using an expansion sleeve in the hole, because the protective tube also holds loose rock material from the slide, ie intended for sliding Far away the section of the anchor rod, which could otherwise interfere, and it also protects the sliding distance from corrosion. Preferably, the outer diameter corresponds the first protective tube substantially the outer diameter of the sliding control element, so that, starting with the sliding control element to the bore-side end of the sliding anchor an at least approximately uniform outer diameter results, which facilitates insertion of the sliding anchor into the bore.

In order to protect a bore mouth side portion of the anchor rod against shear forces that can be exerted by the tunnel or tunnel wall on the anchor rod, preferred embodiments of the invention Gleitankers are provided with a second, the anchor rod concentrically surrounding protective tube, which is different from the anchor plate already mentioned, which closes the bore mouth, extends a little way into the bore. In a structurally advantageous manner, such a second protective tube can be firmly connected to the anchor plate, for example by welding or screws or by a one-piece design with the anchor plate.

To protect the anchor rod in front of the resin used for fixing the anchor resin or mortar and as corrosion protection, preferred embodiments have a third, the anchor rod concentrically surrounding protective tube, which may for example consist of plastic and the sliding control a piece in the direction of from Bore protruding end of the anchor rod extends, ie towards the bore mouth. Thus, it is also ensured in this area that the anchor rod is not glued and controlled after exceeding the breakout force, i. largely independent of disturbing influences. The third protection tube can also be formed by a shrink tube or merely a coating, which is applied to the portion of the anchor rod to be protected.

To be able to determine from the outside after setting a sliding anchor according to the invention, the sliding control is in the bore, whether a rock movement has occurred, ie whether it has come to a sliding movement of the anchor rod in the sliding control due to exceeding the breakout force after setting the anchor, preferred embodiments of the sliding anchor according to the invention are provided with a monitoring device. This may consist of a watch wire in a simple form, for example, which is stretched by the sliding control element to the anchor plate and preferably from the outside of the anchor plate, that is, the side facing away from the bore side of the anchor plate is accessible. If, after setting such a fitted sliding anchor to rock movements that lead to exceeding the breakout force and thus cause a sliding of the anchor rod relative to the sliding control, tears this monitoring wire and can then be easily pulled out from the outside. If, on the other hand, the control wire is still tensioned and thus secured to the sliding control element during a check of the set sliding anchor, it can not be pulled out of the bore and thus indicates that in the meantime no rock movements leading to exceeding the breakaway force of the anchor have taken place. The monitoring wire may be made of metal or plastic or it may be a thread or the like.

In addition to the previously discussed possibility of arranging the sliding control element on a located in the bore portion of the anchor rod, there is alternatively also the possibility to arrange the slide control element outside the bore, i. on a portion of the anchor rod which extends beyond the anchor plate out of the bore. However, this possibility requires that the entire intended for sliding length of the anchor rod must protrude from the borehole mouth and thus restricts the free cross-section of the tunnel or tunnel accordingly, which is usually a major disadvantage. The advantage of a sliding control element arranged outside the bore is the good controllability of changes that have occurred in the meantime, since it is always possible to ascertain exactly from what originally protruding length of the anchor rod the amount of sliding movement that has occurred in the meantime.

Regardless of whether the sliding control element is located on a portion of the anchor rod within the bore or outside of the bore, in preferred embodiments inventive sliding anchor at the bore-side end of the anchor rod, a mixing element is attached. If two-component adhesive resins are used to fix the armature in the bore, the two components are usually introduced into the bore in the form of adhesive cartridges, in which the two components are accommodated, for example, in two mutually concentric chambers separated from one another. When setting the anchor then destroys the mixing element first, for example, formed from a plastic film chambers and a simultaneous or subsequent rotation of the anchor rod then leads to the intimate mixing of the two components, which harden as a result quickly to the finished adhesive resin. In addition to its mixing function, the mixing element can also serve as the stop element already mentioned above.

Figur 1

eine Draufsicht auf ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Gleitankers,

Figur 2

eine erste Ausführungsform eines Gleitkörperkäfigs, wie er bei einem Gleitsteuerelement eines erfindungsgemäßen Gleitankers Verwendung findet,

Figur 3

den Schnitt III-III aus Figur 2,

Figur 4

ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines Gleitkörperkäfigs, wie er in dem Gleitsteuerelement des in Figur 1 gezeigten Gleitankers Verwendung findet,

Figur 5

den Schnitt V-V aus Figur 4,

Figur 6

den Schnitt VI-VI aus Figur 4,

Figur 7

eine der Figur 5 entsprechende Ansicht, jedoch mit in den Gleitkörperkäfig eingesetzten Gleitkörpern, und

Figur 8

eine der Figur 6 entsprechende Ansicht, ebenfalls mit in den Gleitkörperkäfig eingesetzten Gleitkörpern.

A currently preferred embodiment of a sliding anchor according to the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying schematic figures. It shows:

FIG. 1

a plan view of a preferred embodiment of a sliding anchor according to the invention,

FIG. 2

A first embodiment of a sliding body cage, as used in a sliding control element of a sliding anchor according to the invention,

FIG. 3

the section III-III FIG. 2 .

FIG. 4

A second embodiment of a Gleitkörperkäfigs, as in the sliding control of the in FIG. 1 sliding anchor used,

FIG. 5

the cut VV off FIG. 4 .

FIG. 6

the section VI-VI FIG. 4 .

FIG. 7

one of the FIG. 5 corresponding view, but with sliders inserted into the Gleitkörperkäfig, and

FIG. 8

one of the FIG. 6 corresponding view, also with sliding bodies used in the Gleitkörperkäfig.

In FIG. 1 there is shown a sliding anchor, generally designated 10, which is provided for insertion into a rock hole, not shown, for example, to stabilize the wall of a tunnel or tunnel. The central element of this sliding anchor 10 is an anchor rod 12, which represents the load-bearing component of the sliding anchor 10 and whose length determines the length of the sliding anchor 10. In the illustrated embodiment, the anchor rod 12 is a solid, continuous steel rod with a circular cross-section and a diameter of 12 mm and smooth lateral surface whose length is here two meters. Depending on the desired load transfer capability, however, the diameter of the anchor rod 12 may be smaller or greater than 12 mm, and also its length may be shorter or longer than previously specified, depending on the conditions of use. Also, the lateral surface of the anchor rod 12 does not have to be smooth, but can be roughened, grooved, etc., for example. Although anchor rods of circular cross-section are preferred, the invention is not limited thereto, the cross-section of the anchor rod may for example be square, polygonal, etc.

On a portion of the anchor rod 12, which is provided for introduction into the rock hole, not shown, a sliding control element 14 is arranged, the basic structure better from the FIGS. 2 and 3 evident. The sliding control element 14 serves to allow a limited longitudinal displacement of the anchor rod 12 relative to the sliding control element 14, so that the sliding anchor 10 can cope better with rock displacements occurring after its setting and does not fail prematurely.

The sliding control element 14 has a circular cylindrical Gleitkörperkäfig 16 with a central, axially extending through hole 18, which is slightly stepped in the example shown and extends through which in the assembled state of the sliding anchor 10 of the anchor rod 12.

As from the in FIG. 3 3, three recesses 20 are formed in the form of circular cylindrical bores distributed uniformly around the circumference of the sliding body cage 16, which are arranged in such a way that their jacket enveloping surface projects somewhat into the free cross section of the through opening 18. In other words, a measure X, which defines the distance between the center M of the through-hole 18 and the central longitudinal axis of each recess 20, is slightly smaller than the sum of the radius R of the through-hole 18 and the radius r of the recess 20.

The recesses 20 are arranged substantially tangentially to the lateral surface of the anchor rod 12, ie their central longitudinal axes are skewed to the central longitudinal axis of the through hole 18 and are with respect to a projection containing the central longitudinal axis of the through hole 18 and the central longitudinal axis of each recess 20, orthogonal to the central longitudinal axis of the through hole 18. The three recesses 20 are thus arranged in one and the same cross-sectional plane of the Gleitkörperkäfigs 16. An angle M ° is 30 ° in the embodiment shown.

In the FIGS. 4 to 6 a second embodiment of a Gleitkörperkäfigs 16 'is shown, whose basic structure corresponds to the Gleitkörperkäfig 16. In contrast to the Gleitkörperkäfig 16, the Gleitkörperkäfig 16 ', however, two superimposed planes, each with three recesses 20, wherein the recesses 20 of a cross-sectional plane to the recesses 20 of the other cross-sectional plane in the circumferential direction are offset so that all six recesses 20 together uniformly the circumference of the Gleitkörperkäfigs 16 'are distributed.

Each recess 20 is provided for receiving a here circular cylindrical slider 22 whose outer diameter matches up to usual tolerances with the diameter of the recess 20, so that completely fills the cross section of the recess 20. The FIGS. 7 and 8 show the FIGS. 5 and 6 corresponding views in which in each recess 20 as described above formed sliding body 22 is arranged. As in particular from FIG. 7 Good to see, projects due to the described arrangement of the recesses 20 each slider 22 with its lateral surface something in the cross section of the through hole 18 into it. In this way, the anchor rod 12, whose outer diameter corresponds approximately to the diameter of the passage opening 18, held by the sliding bodies 22 by clamping.

Coming back to FIG. 1 Now, the further structure of the sliding anchor 10 will be explained.

Of the slide control element 14, whose main components as described above, the sliding body 16 and 16 'and the therein sliders 22 are included, extends a first, existing here plastic protective tube 24 almost to the bore-side end of the sliding anchor 10. This protective tube 24, the in the embodiment shown has substantially the same outer diameter as the Gleitkörperkäfig 16 ', serves to keep that mass (mortar, adhesive) from the surface of the anchor rod 12, with which the sliding anchor 10 is permanently anchored in the bore, not shown. The first protective tube 24 thus provides on a bore-side end portion of the sliding anchor 10 a circular cylindrical cavity around the anchor rod 12 so that the latter is not blocked by the mortar or adhesive and thereby prevented from shifting relative to the sliding control 14.

The tip of the slide anchor 10 forms a mixing element 26, secured to the bore-side end of the anchor rod 12, having a plurality of mixing vanes 28 which serve to intimately mix common two-component adhesives used to define rock bolts inserted into the bore prior to setting an anchor. For this purpose, the anchor rod 12 is rotated after insertion into the bore, whereby the mixing element 26 is rotated.

The outer diameter of the mixing element 26 is greater than the diameter of the passage opening 18 in the sliding body cage 16 or 16 '. Thus, the mixing element 26 simultaneously acts as a stop element on the end portion of the anchor rod 12, which prevents the anchor rod 12 can be pulled out of the sliding control element 14. Alternatively, such a stop element may also be designed as a threaded nut or simply be formed by a thickening of the anchor rod 12, which is generated for example by a compression of the anchor rod.

In order to allow the sliding anchor 10 to exert a stabilizing effect on a tunnel or tunnel wall, a load-transmitting armature plate 30 is provided, which is inserted on the bore-input-side end of the anchor rod 12. This anchor plate 30, which is usually also made of steel and is generally square, is secured with a lock nut 32 on the anchor rod 12.

In the embodiment shown, a second, fixedly connected to the anchor plate 30 and here also made of steel existing second protective tube 34 extends a little way into the hole, not shown, to protect an initial portion of the anchor rod 12 against loose rock. For this purpose, the inner diameter of the second protective tube 34 is larger than the outer diameter of the anchor rod 12 is selected. The outer diameter of the second protective tube 34 is significantly smaller than the outer diameter of the first protective tube 24 to facilitate insertion into the bore.

Finally, in the illustrated embodiment, a central portion of the anchor rod 12 is concentrically surrounded by a third protective tube 36, which extends from the sliding control element 14 in the direction of the anchor plate 30. This third protective tube 36 serves to keep unwanted influences from the surface of the anchor rod 12, in particular to prevent sticking of the anchor rod in this area.

The function of the sliding anchor 10 will now be explained in more detail. After forming a mating bore, the slip anchor 10 is inserted into the bore and anchored there by means of mortars or adhesives known to those skilled in the art. Alternatively, the use of expandable elements for anchoring is possible and known, for example by expansion sleeves. Specifically, the illustrated slide anchor 10 is retained by a plug in the bore which is defined by material displacement of the adhesive or grout used behind the slide control member 14, i. forms on the side of the wellbore mouth and after curing of the material prevents withdrawal of the armature 10 from the bore. After placing the anchor plate 30 and tightening the same by means of the lock nut 32, the sliding anchor 10 can then fulfill its load-bearing, stabilizing function.

About the slider 22, a clamping action is exerted on the anchor rod 12 and thus set a so-called breakaway force, which can transmit the sliding anchor 10 in the axial direction, without causing a relative movement between the anchor rod 12 and the sliding control 14. However, if this breakaway force is exceeded, the anchor rod 12 can slidingly move along the sliders 22 until the mixing element 26 serving as a stop element abuts against the slipper cage 16 or 16 '. Such a relative displacement can of course take place in several sections and will only ever take place until the axial force acting on the sliding anchor 10 has fallen below the breakaway force again. By this Relatiwerschiebung increases the effective length of the sliding anchor 10, because the sliding control member 14 and the first protective tube 24 retain their original, occupied when setting the anchor position.

Claims (20)

1. Sliding anchor bolt (10) for introduction into a bore, having a anchor bolt rod (12), disposed on which is a sliding control element (14) having a through-opening (18), through which the anchor bolt rod (12) extends, wherein the sliding control element (14) comprises a sliding body cage (16; 16) having at least one recess (20) for receiving a sliding body (22) that is in contact with the lateral surface of the anchor bolt rod (12),
   characterized in that

   - each recess (22) for receiving a sliding body (22) is disposed in the sliding body cage (16; 16') tangentially relative to the lateral surface of the anchor bolt rod (12),

   - the lateral enveloping surface of each recess (20) projects by a predefined dimension into the free cross section of the through-opening (18), and

   - each sliding body (22) fills the cross section of the recess (20) associated with it.
2. Sliding anchor bolt according to claim 1,
   characterized in that in the sliding body cage (16; 16') a plurality of recesses (20) are disposed in particular in a uniformly distributed manner around the circumference of the anchor bolt rod (12).
3. Sliding anchor bolt according to claim 2,
   characterized in that a plurality of recesses (20) are disposed in a cross-sectional plane of the sliding body cage (16).
4. Sliding anchor bolt according to one of claims 2 or 3,
   characterized in that the plurality of recesses (20) are disposed in groups in various cross-sectional planes of the sliding body cage (16').
5. Sliding anchor bolt according to one of claims 1 to 4,
   characterized in that each sliding body (22) is conical, in particular taper-roller-shaped.
6. Sliding anchor bolt according to one of claims 1 to 5,
   characterized in that the lateral surface of each sliding body (22) is crowned.
7. Sliding anchor bolt according to one of claims 1 to 4,
   characterized in that each sliding body (22) is cylindrical, in particular roller-shaped.
8. Sliding anchor bolt according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that in the region of the bore-side end of the anchor bolt rod (12) a stop element is fastened, the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the through-opening (18).
9. Sliding anchor bolt according to claim 8,
   characterized in that the stop element is a nut.
10. Sliding anchor bolt according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that the sliding control element (14) is disposed on a portion of the anchor bolt rod (12) that is intended for introduction into the bore.
11. Sliding anchor bolt according to claim 10,
    characterized in that a first protective tube (24) that concentrically surrounds the anchor bolt rod (12) extends from the sliding control element (14) substantially to the bore-side end of the anchor bolt rod (12).
12. Sliding anchor bolt according to claim 11,
    characterized in that the outside diameter of the first protective tube (24) corresponds to the outside diameter of the sliding control element (14).
13. Sliding anchor bolt according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that a anchor plate (30) is fastened in the region of the end of the anchor bolt rod (12) that projects from the bore.
14. Sliding anchor bolt according to claim 13,
    characterized in that a second protective tube (34) that concentrically surrounds the anchor bolt rod (12) extends from the anchor plate (30) a little distance in the direction of the bore-side end of the anchor bolt rod (12).
15. Sliding anchor bolt according to claim 13,
    characterized in that the second protective tube (34) is connected in a fixed manner to the anchor plate (30).
16. Sliding anchor bolt according to claim 10 in conjunction with one of the remaining preceding claims,
    characterized in that a third protective tube (36) that concentrically surrounds the anchor bolt rod (12) extends from the sliding control element (14) a little distance in the direction of the end of the anchor bolt rod (12) that projects from the bore.
17. Sliding anchor bolt according to claim 10 and 13 in conjunction with one of the remaining preceding claims,
    characterized in that a monitoring wire is stretched from the sliding control element (14) to the anchor plate (30) and is accessible from the side of the anchor plate (30) remote from the bore.
18. Sliding anchor bolt according to one of claims 1 to 16,
    characterized in that a monitoring device is provided, which indicates whether a sliding of the anchor bolt rod (12) relative to the sliding control element (14) has occurred.
19. Sliding anchor bolt according to claim 18,
    characterized in that the monitoring device indicates the distance, by which the anchor bolt rod (12) has shifted relative to the sliding control element (14).
20. Sliding anchor bolt according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that a mixing element (26) is fastened to the bore-side end of the anchor bolt rod (12).

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