EP2085566B1 - Installation de forage - Google Patents

Installation de forage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2085566B1
EP2085566B1 EP08173104A EP08173104A EP2085566B1 EP 2085566 B1 EP2085566 B1 EP 2085566B1 EP 08173104 A EP08173104 A EP 08173104A EP 08173104 A EP08173104 A EP 08173104A EP 2085566 B1 EP2085566 B1 EP 2085566B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drilling
assembly according
drilling assembly
receptacle
casing pipe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08173104A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2085566A3 (fr
EP2085566A2 (fr
Inventor
Dietmar Dipl.-Wi.-Ing. Jenne
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Terra AG fuer Tiefbautechnik
Original Assignee
Terra AG fuer Tiefbautechnik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Terra AG fuer Tiefbautechnik filed Critical Terra AG fuer Tiefbautechnik
Publication of EP2085566A2 publication Critical patent/EP2085566A2/fr
Publication of EP2085566A3 publication Critical patent/EP2085566A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2085566B1 publication Critical patent/EP2085566B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/20—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
    • E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
    • E21B17/046—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like with ribs, pins, or jaws, and complementary grooves or the like, e.g. bayonet catches
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
    • E21B17/03—Couplings; joints between drilling rod or pipe and drill motor or surface drive, e.g. between drilling rod and hammer
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B3/00—Rotary drilling
    • E21B3/02—Surface drives for rotary drilling
    • E21B3/022—Top drives
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
    • E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drilling rig comprising a drill ramp, a displaceably arranged on this drive unit with a boom receptacle for releasable connection to a drill pipe and with a drive motor, which communicates with the boom receiving in torque-transmitting connection, and a rod for receiving coaxial feed pipe receptacle for releasable connection with a Casing, wherein additional coupling means (46, 74) are provided for torque transmitting connection between the drive motor (24) and the casing receiving means (32) and wherein the casing receiving means (32) has a cylindrical pipe section (48) attached to the drive unit (18) thereof. far end with a liner (60) is connectable.
  • a drilling rig of the aforementioned type is for example from the EP 383 225 A1 or the DE 20 26 364 A1 known.
  • the drill pipe and the casing are driven in rotation by the same drive motor and can thus be driven simultaneously into the soil.
  • Such a drilling rig is smaller, lighter and cheaper than the above-described large drilling rigs. It can be used in construction sites that are inaccessible to large scale facilities and can more economically drill holes such as geothermal wells at depths of 70 to 140 meters. Since the drive head has only a single hydraulic motor, the drive hydraulics required for this purpose is relatively simple in construction.
  • the invention has for its object to avoid the uncontrolled leakage of drilling mud at the upper end of the casing.
  • the cylindrical pipe section is closed at its end facing the drive unit by a lid which has a passage opening for the boom receptacle, wherein the cylindrical pipe section near its drive end has at least one outlet opening for a drilling fluid and of a this covering discharge ring is surrounded, which is freely rotatable relative to the pipe section and sealed on both sides of the outlet opening and which has a connectable to a drain pipe for the drilling fluid radial outflow channel.
  • drilling mud can be removed to the side and transported into a sludge well, without the actual construction site completely dirty.
  • the drilling mud which is fed, for example, by compressed air, which is fed to a downhole hammer connected to the drill string, would otherwise be blown out of the casing at high speed and pollute the adjacent building facades and the entire construction site area.
  • the passage opening on the cover can be sealed off from the boom support by adjustable seals and also the seals between the bearing race and the cylindrical pipe section can be adjusted.
  • the above-described derivation of the drilling mud is also applicable with advantage, when boom support and feed tube receiving are each driven by their own drive units.
  • the coupling means are designed for the transmission of a torque in both directions of rotation, so that the screw connections between the individual casing pipes and the individual drill pipe sections can also be produced and released with the aid of the drive motor.
  • the coupling means comprise a driver disposed on the boom receptacle and a rotational stop on the liner receiving means for engaging the rod receptacle such that a rotationally fixed connection between the boom receptacle and the liner receiving means can be made without rigidly connecting the two members together ,
  • the driver and the rotation stop for example, be designed in the manner of a bayonet closure, the bayonet lock on the two rotation stops a Glasverrastung or a pull and Schubverrastung can have. This is not only a rotationally fixed connection, but also a load on shear and tensile loads between the linkage support and the feed pipe receiving is given.
  • the feed pipe receiving associated parts of the coupling means are suitably arranged on the lid of the feed tube receiving.
  • the outlet for the drilling mud may consist of several distributed over the circumference of the cylindrical pipe section and separated by webs slits.
  • the slots can be over a substantial part of the circumference of the cylindrical pipe section extend. The remaining webs need only be so wide that they ensure a torque transfer from the cover to the cylindrical pipe section.
  • the slots may extend together over about 340 ° of the tube circumference.
  • the drill string can be connected to a fluid-operated down-the-hole hammer, wherein the pressure medium can be fed through the hollow drill pipe.
  • the Imlochhamer carries a drill head whose outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of a casing. This allows the downhole hammer to be pulled up inside the casing.
  • the casings can only be propelled through loose soil and through loose rock until the casings meet the first layer of rock. From then on the hammer must continue drilling alone. This is also sufficient in most types of subsoil, as the subsoil tends to remain rocky with increasing depth once the rock has started.
  • the Imlochhammer can drill in Felsgut alone without casings, because rock is usually stable. The drilling becomes problematic only when in one certain depth of rock is coming, below this layer of rock but again loose rock follows, so that the drilling channel can coincide. Then the casings have to be drilled through the layer of rock.
  • the down-the-hole hammer can carry an eccentric boring head whose smaller outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of a casing and whose largest outer diameter is greater than the outer diameter of a casing.
  • the Imlochhammer can be opened and lowered through the casings. Once the drill head is below (outside) the casing, the downhole hammer is rotated in the direction of work.
  • the two halves of the Exzenterbohrkopfes move against each other outwards, so that the bore diameter is now greater than the outer diameter of the casing pipes.
  • the down hole hammer can thus drill boreholes through rock strata which are larger than the casings, so that the casings can also be laid through the rock strata.
  • casings can also stabilize wells in loosened rock that lies below rock strata.
  • a transition piece is arranged between the drill string and the Imlochhammer, which is provided with radial Zentrierstegen.
  • the axial length of the transition piece is expediently chosen so that the drill head protrudes from the mounted first casing on the pipe fitting mounted on the drill pipe or the drill pipe.
  • the drill ramp can in a conventional manner in different working positions between a horizontal and a vertical end position are adjustable so that can be drilled horizontally or vertically or in any intermediate position. Furthermore, in each case a clamping device for the drill string and the casing can be arranged in a conventional manner on the drill ramp.
  • the in the FIG. 1 illustrated drilling rig comprises a chassis 10 with a chassis 12 to which a drill ramp 14 is pivotally articulated so that it by means of a working cylinder 16 between in the FIG. 1 shown vertical position and an approximately horizontal position is adjustable, in which it rests on the chassis 12.
  • a generally designated 18 drive unit for the drill pipe and the casing pipes is arranged at the drill ramp 14. It comprises a carriage 20 which is guided displaceably on the drill ramp 14 in the direction of the double arrow A and can be moved by a carriage drive 22 via a drive chain (not shown). On the carriage 20, a hydraulic motor 24 is arranged, which drives a spindle 26. With this a rod receptacle 28 can be coupled, which is connectable to a drill pipe, not shown, via a screw 30. With the rod receptacle 28, in turn, a feed tube receptacle 32 can be coupled, as will be explained below.
  • a casing clamp 34, a drill pipe clamp 36 and a breakaway device 38 are arranged on this, which are known per se and need not be explained in more detail.
  • the clamping devices 34 and 36 are the casings or drill pipe hydraulically clamped.
  • the breakaway device 38 enables the loosening of the screw connections between the individual casing pipes or drill pipe sections.
  • An operating unit 42 for operating the drilling rig is arranged on an arm 40 connected to the chassis 12.
  • the arranged below the boom receptacle 28 feed tube receptacle 32 consists of a cylindrical pipe section 48 which is closed at its upper end by a cover 50.
  • the lid has a passage opening 52 through which the rod-shaped boom receptacle 28 coaxial with the pipe section 48 can be inserted into this. This opening is sealed relative to the rod holder 28 by adjustable seals 54.
  • the cylindrical pipe section 48 is provided with an internal thread 56 which is adapted to be screwed to a corresponding external thread section 58 of a casing 60 (FIG. FIGS. 5 and 6 ) serves.
  • outlet openings 62 are formed in the pipe section, which are separated by webs 64 (of which in the FIG. 2 only one can be seen).
  • the outlet openings 62 are covered by an outlet ring 66 surrounding the pipe section 48, which has an outlet channel 70 connected to a connection pipe 68 for a drainage pipe.
  • the discharge ring 66 is freely rotatable relative to the pipe section 48 and sealed by adjustable seals 72 above and below the outlet openings 62.
  • the outlet openings 62 and the outlet channel 70 serve for the discharge of drilling mud, which is expelled upwards between the drill pipe and the casing pipes.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show two variants of this compound, which when exercising a train ( Figure 5 ) or train or thrust ( Figure 6 ) on the boom receiving a locking of the driver with the arranged on the lid 50 of the feed tube receiving stop elements 74 ensure 74. This can reliably prevent inadvertent release of the connection during operation.
  • the bayonet lock between The boom support 28 and the liner receiving means 32 ensures that boom support and liner receive rotation in both directions simultaneously and that full torque can be transferred.
  • the bayonet closure allows a rapid release of the feed tube receiving the boom recording.
  • the sinking of the wellbore is accomplished by means of a downhole hammer 76 which carries a drill head 78 at its lower end.
  • a transition piece 80 is mounted, which carries three Zentrierstreben 82, which serve for centering the Imlochhammers 76 within the first casing 60.
  • This carries at its lower end a casing crown 84.
  • the length of the transition piece 80 is selected so that the drill head 78 by the flow distance a before (below) the casing crown 84 is located as soon as the first casing 60 and the hole hammer 76 with transition piece to the drive unit 18 of the drilling rig are mounted.
  • the casing crown 84 are screwed to the first casing 60 and the Imlochhammer 76 with the transition piece 80.
  • the first casing 60 has in its lower portion two diametrically aligned bores 86 through which a mounting bolt 88 (FIG. FIG. 8 ) is plugged. If the down-hole hammer is pushed into the first casing and this is positioned vertically, the transition piece 80 now looks as far up out of the first casing, that it with the boom recording 28 can be screwed.
  • the mounting bolt 88 is positioned so that the drill head 78 is reset by the distance b from its working position. If the mounting bolt 88 is removed, the drive unit 18 is moved down to the drill ramp down so far that the feed tube holder 32 can be screwed to the first casing.
  • the Imlochhammer is turned on (compressed air supplied) and casing and in-hole hammer are pressed simultaneously rotating (at about 30 revolutions per minute) into the ground, until the first casing is almost retracted over its entire length.
  • the excavated soil is carried by the emerging compressed air upwards and discharged laterally controlled by the outlet opening 62 and the outlet channel 70.
  • the casing is placed so far into the soil until it can just be detected by the casing clamp 34.
  • the downhole hammer is stopped and unscrewed the Futterrohrability.
  • the drive unit 18 is driven by a return stroke upwards, which is set so tight that now the transition piece 80 clamped by the linkage clamp 36 and the rod seat 28 can be unscrewed.
  • All clamping and screwing operations are hydraulically, i. not manually.
  • the two clamps are controlled to hold the liners and linkage reliably until the operator reopens the clamps.
  • the next pair of drill pipe / casing is mounted. Both have the same effective length, for example 1.5 meters.
  • the threads on the linkage sections and casing pipes have the same direction of rotation, so they are designed either as right-hand or left-hand thread.
  • the linkage section is pushed into the casing. Both are placed vertically and lifted into the drilling rig. Due to the return stroke b, the drill pipe can now first be screwed to the transition piece 80 and the boom support. Subsequently, the linkage clamp is released and the drive unit 18 lowered so far that the casing can be screwed to the already introduced casing and with the feed tube recording. Thereafter, the drill head 78 is again to the flow a in front of the casing crown. The Imlochhammer is turned on and introduced the next length of casing.
  • the casings must be routed through the layer of rock.
  • the Imlochhammer is pulled out completely.
  • the drill head is replaced by an eccentric drill head. This consists in a conventional manner of two halves, which fit in normal position through the casings. As soon as the eccentric drilling head is located in its drilling position below the lowermost casing and is rotated in the working direction, the two eccentric halves shift outwards relative to one another. As a result, the bore diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the casing pipes. Thus, the borehole for the introduction of the casing pipes can be extended accordingly.
  • the drill pipe is pulled up completely with the downhole hammer and disassembled.
  • the geothermal probe for geothermal energy or the well pipe or other desired carrier pipe or the like is drained.
  • the casings are pulled upwards and dismantled.
  • disassembling the drill pipes or casings help the clamping and breakaway devices 34, 36, 38 of the drilling rig. They solve the respective threaded connections by the linkage clamp 36 the penultimate linkage section or the liner clamp 34 clamps the penultimate casing and the breakaway device 38 clamps the last linkage section and the last casing and rotates.
  • the drive unit 18, the corresponding pipes or pipe sections completely unscrew.

Claims (15)

  1. Installation de forage comportant une rampe de forage (14), une unité d'entraînement (18) disposée de façon à pouvoir se déplacer en translation sur ladite rampe de forage et dotée d'un élément de réception de tige de forage, destiné à être raccordé de façon amovible à une tige de forage, et d'un moteur d'entraînement (24) qui est en liaison de transmission de couple de rotation avec l'élément de réception de tige de forage (28), ainsi qu'un élément de réception de tube de cuvelage (32) coaxial à l'élément de réception de tige de forage (28) et destiné à être raccordé de façon amovible à un tube de cuvelage (60), des moyens de couplage supplémentaires (46, 74) étant prévus pour effectuer la liaison de transmission de couple de rotation entre le moteur d'entraînement (24) et l'élément de réception de tube de cuvelage (32) et l'élément de réception de tube de cuvelage (32) possédant une portion tubulaire cylindrique (48) qui peut être raccordée par son extrémité éloignée de l'unité d'entraînement (18) à un tube de cuvelage (60), caractérisée en ce que la portion tubulaire cylindrique (48) est fermée à son extrémité située du côté de l'unité d'entraînement (18) par un couvercle (50) qui possède une ouverture de passage (52) destinée à l'élément de réception de tige de forage (28) et en ce que la portion tubulaire cylindrique (48) possède près de son extrémité située du côté de l'entraînement au moins une ouverture de sortie (62) destinée à un fluide de forage et est entourée par une bague d'évacuation (66) qui recouvre ladite ouverture de sortie, qui est apte à tourner librement par rapport la portion tubulaire (48), qui est rendue étanche des deux côtés de l'ouverture de sortie (62) et qui possède un canal d'écoulement radial (70) pouvant être raccordé à une conduite d'écoulement destinée au fluide de forage.
  2. Installation de forage selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de couplage comportent un actionneur (46), disposé au niveau de l'élément de réception de tige de forage (32), et une butée en rotation (74), destinée à venir en engagement avec ledit actionneur, au niveau de l'élément de réception de tube de cuvelage (32).
  3. Installation de forage selon la revendication 2 caractérisée en ce que les moyens de couplage sont conformés à la manière d'un raccord à baïonnette.
  4. Installation de forage selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que le raccord à baïonnette possède au niveau des deux butées un dispositif d'enclenchement à traction.
  5. Installation de forage selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que le raccord à baïonnette possède au niveau des deux butées un dispositif d'enclenchement à poussée et traction.
  6. Installation de forage selon une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que les pièces (74), associées à l'élément de réception de tube de cuvelage (32), des moyens de couplage sont disposées au niveau du couvercle (50).
  7. Installation de forage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que l'ouverture de passage (52) ménagée dans le couvercle (50) peut être rendue étanche vis-à-vis de l'élément de réception de tige de forage (28) à l'aide de garnitures d'étanchéité réglables (54).
  8. Installation de forage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que les garnitures d'étanchéité (72) sont réglables entre la bague d'évacuation (66) et la portion tubulaire cylindrique (48).
  9. Installation de forage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que l'ouverture de sortie (62) est constituée de plusieurs fentes séparées l'une de l'autre par des nervures (64) et réparties sur la périphérie de la portion tubulaire cylindrique (48).
  10. Installation de forage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que la tige de forage est reliée à un marteau fond de trou (76) actionné par un moyen de pression, le moyen de pression pouvant être amené par la tige de forage à conformation creuse.
  11. Installation de forage selon la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce que le marteau fond de trou (76) supporte une tête de forage (78) dont le diamètre extérieur est inférieur au diamètre intérieur d'un tube de cuvelage (60).
  12. Installation de forage selon la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce que le marteau fond de trou (76) supporte une tête de forage excentrique dont le plus petit diamètre extérieur est inférieur au diamètre intérieur d'un tube de cuvelage (60) et dont le plus grand diamètre extérieur est supérieur au diamètre extérieur d'un tube de cuvelage (60).
  13. Installation de forage selon l'une des revendications 10 à 12, caractérisée en ce que entre la tige de forage et le marteau fond de trou (76) est disposé un adaptateur (80) qui est doté de nervures de centrage radiales (82).
  14. Installation de forage selon la revendication 13, caractérisée en ce que la longueur axiale de l'adaptateur (80) est choisie de telle façon que la tête de forage (78) fait saillie du premier tube de cuvelage monté (60) au niveau du marteau fond de trou (76) monté sur l'élément de réception de tige de forage (28).
  15. Installation de forage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisée en ce qu'il est prévu, au niveau de la rampe de forage (14), des dispositifs de serrage (34, 36), un pour le tube de cuvelage (60) et un pour la tige de forage, et en ce qu'un dispositif de décollage (38), disposé au niveau de la rampe de forage (14), est associé aux dispositifs de serrage (34, 36).
EP08173104A 2008-01-11 2008-12-30 Installation de forage Not-in-force EP2085566B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008003968A DE102008003968B3 (de) 2008-01-11 2008-01-11 Bohranlage

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2085566A2 EP2085566A2 (fr) 2009-08-05
EP2085566A3 EP2085566A3 (fr) 2009-08-12
EP2085566B1 true EP2085566B1 (fr) 2011-09-14

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08173104A Not-in-force EP2085566B1 (fr) 2008-01-11 2008-12-30 Installation de forage

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP2085566B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008003968B3 (fr)

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DE4113847C1 (en) * 1991-04-27 1992-12-10 Delmag Maschinenfabrik Reinhold Dornfeld Gmbh & Co, 7300 Esslingen, De Coupling releasably joining top end of string section with rotary drive pipe hole - uses coupling lever on axis at right angles to radial plane running through lever and rotation axis of drive pipe
DE9302468U1 (fr) * 1993-02-19 1993-05-27 Berner Gmbh, 7118 Kuenzelsau, De
DE19509379A1 (de) * 1995-03-15 1996-09-19 Fromme Theo Dipl Ing Fh Hydraulische Verrohrungsmaschine als Anbaugerät für eine mobile Drehbohranlage
DE10005475A1 (de) * 2000-02-08 2001-08-09 Guenter Klemm Bohrvorrichtung

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020103596A1 (de) 2020-02-12 2021-08-12 TERRA AG für Tiefbautechnik Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen einer Erdbohrung
EP3865655A1 (fr) 2020-02-12 2021-08-18 TERRA AG fuer Tiefbautechnik Dispositif de production d'un trou de forage

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EP2085566A3 (fr) 2009-08-12
EP2085566A2 (fr) 2009-08-05
DE102008003968B3 (de) 2009-12-24

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