EP3865655A1 - Dispositif de production d'un trou de forage - Google Patents

Dispositif de production d'un trou de forage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3865655A1
EP3865655A1 EP21156269.9A EP21156269A EP3865655A1 EP 3865655 A1 EP3865655 A1 EP 3865655A1 EP 21156269 A EP21156269 A EP 21156269A EP 3865655 A1 EP3865655 A1 EP 3865655A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rod
compressed air
drill
liquid
hole hammer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP21156269.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dietmar Jenne
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Terra AG fuer Tiefbautechnik
Original Assignee
Terra AG fuer Tiefbautechnik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Terra AG fuer Tiefbautechnik filed Critical Terra AG fuer Tiefbautechnik
Publication of EP3865655A1 publication Critical patent/EP3865655A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
    • E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for producing an earth borehole.
  • the device comprises a down-the-hole hammer and a hollow rod, the first end of which is connected to the down-the-hole hammer. At least part of a compressed air flow generated with the aid of a compressed air generation unit for driving the down-the-hole hammer is fed to the other, second end of the rod assembly.
  • a down-the-hole hammer is for example from the document EP 0 851091 A2 famous.
  • Devices for generating an earth bore are in particular from the documents EP 2 957 710 B1 and EP 2 085 566 B1 famous.
  • Known devices can include a pump for conveying a flushing fluid to the drilling tool. The flushing liquid then emerges from the drilling tool.
  • Control units for controlling the pump and drilling device are known.
  • a horizontal drilling rig in which a high-pressure pump for supplying flushing fluid to the drill pipe and a mixing device for processing the flushing fluid with a mixing unit having a mixing pump are arranged on the chassis of the horizontal drilling rig.
  • Down-the-hole hammer drills are usually used for controlled horizontal drilling in rocky soil. However, it often happens that the drilling has to be continued after penetrating a rock section in mixed soils such as gravel, sand and / or clay.
  • Known rock drilling tools have a drill head with an asymmetrical control surface at the front in the direction of advance. In soft, displaceable subsoil, the Drill head pushed through the ground. In order to carry out a straight bore, the drill head is rotated uniformly in the range from 30 to 100, in particular in the range from 30 to 60, revolutions per minute.
  • the entire down-the-hole hammer, including the drill head is rotated with the aid of the rod and pushed forward.
  • the impact piston of the down-the-hole hammer is driven with the aid of compressed air, for example with 2000 blows per minute and moved back and forth in such a way that it hits a preferably freely movable drill head of the down-the-hole hammer. This creates a round drilling channel in the rock, which has a straight course.
  • the drill head is beveled on one side, whereby the asymmetrical control surface can be formed.
  • the drill head is rotated together with the down-the-hole hammer to the desired rotary position, in which the asymmetrical control surface causes the drill head to be deflected in the desired direction.
  • the down-the-hole hammer is moved back and forth with the drill head oscillating around this rotary position in an angular range of, for example, +/- 45 ° around the desired change in direction and at the same time pushed forward with the aid of the rod.
  • the down-the-hole hammer drill is brought into a rotary position in which the asymmetrical control surface causes the drill head to be deflected in the desired direction, the drill head then being pushed forward without rotation. The drill head then slides along its control surface in the desired direction. This is not possible in hard, especially rocky, subsoil.
  • the drill head of the down-the-hole hammer can include hard metal pins, in particular Ball pins and concave shaped pins. With every hit, these hard metal pins break small pieces, the so-called cuttings, out of the rock.
  • the drill bit is in the range from 10% to 20% larger in diameter than the outside diameter of the downhole hammer.
  • a device with the features of claim 1 ensures that the liquid added to the compressed air flow prevents the exhaust air ducts from clogging, since the liquid in particular reduces the friction between the soil that has penetrated the exhaust air openings and the inner wall of the exhaust air openings and prevents the soil from being blown out is at least easier to do from the exhaust air openings.
  • the compressed air is fed in as a compressed air stream, in particular at a pressure of 14 bar to 24 bar, to which the liquid is then fed.
  • the liquid is conveyed into the compressed air stream with the aid of a high pressure pump.
  • the pressure of the liquid is simply slightly higher than the pressure of the compressed air. In particular, the pressure of the liquid is 0.5 bar to 10 bar higher than the pressure of the compressed air flow.
  • the added liquid can be, for example, water or water with an additive. Even pure water prevents the exhaust air ducts of the down-the-hole hammer, in particular of the exhaust-air ducts of the drill bit of the down-the-hole hammer, from clogging.
  • the appropriate additives are added, the sliding friction between the inner wall of the exhaust air ducts and the soil that has penetrated is further reduced.
  • suitable polymers are used as additives, they can also increase the rate of breakdown of the rock, stabilize the stability of the drilling channel and enable the cuttings to be transported backwards from the drilling channel.
  • the device has a drive unit for driving the rod towards the drive unit or away from the drive unit and / or for rotating the rod about its longitudinal axis.
  • a drive unit for driving the rod towards the drive unit or away from the drive unit and / or for rotating the rod about its longitudinal axis.
  • the device can be operated in different operating modes, with either the compressed air flow with added liquid or a flushing liquid being able to be fed to the second end of the rod assembly depending on the selected operating mode.
  • a flushing liquid being able to be fed to the second end of the rod assembly depending on the selected operating mode.
  • the device has at least one pump for conveying the liquid into the compressed air flow generated by the compressed air generation unit and / or for conveying the flushing liquid into the hollow rods.
  • a single pump can be used both for conveying the liquid into the compressed air flow and for conveying the flushing liquid into the hollow linkage.
  • the amount of liquid to prevent blockages in the exhaust air duct of the down-the-hole hammer drill is at least a factor of 10, in particular in the range between a factor of 10 and a factor of 100, less than the amount of flushing liquid that can be conveyed per unit of time.
  • the pump preferably has a maximum delivery pressure in the range between 50 bar and 150 bar, in particular 75 bar or 100 bar.
  • the maximum delivery pressure is, in particular, continuously adjustable.
  • the pump generates a liquid volume flow in the range from 0.25 to 30 liters per minute, preferably in the range from 3 to 8 liters per minute.
  • the pump can, in particular, depending on the size of the downhole hammer or the diameter of the to generating drilling channel generate a maximum liquid volume flow in the range of 50 to 2000 liters per minute, in particular a maximum liquid volume flow of 50 to 400 liters per minute, preferably a maximum liquid volume flow in the range of 95 to 150 liters per minute.
  • the pump is controlled accordingly for this purpose.
  • a volume flow measurement can also take place, in particular via a diaphragm or nozzle.
  • Such a rod is also referred to as a drill rod.
  • the individual rod sections can be inserted into the device one after the other, the device generating a feed in the advancing direction until a rod section has been moved in the direction of the borehole, so that a further rod section can be inserted into the device.
  • the compressed air generation unit generates the compressed air flow when the down-the-hole hammer is operated with a pressure in the range between 7 bar and 24 bar, in particular in the range between 14 bar and 24 bar, and / or that the compressed air flow generated is in the range of 3 m 3 to 15 m 3 per minute, preferably in the range between 8 m 3 to 10 m 3 , is generated.
  • the compressed air generation unit is suitable for driving known down-the-hole drills.
  • the compressed air flow is also referred to as the compressed air volume flow.
  • control unit changes the liquid volume flow generated by the pump in a direct proportion, preferably linearly, to the compressed air flow flowing through the linkage. This ensures that sufficient liquid can exit through the exhaust air openings, so that the inner surface of the outlet openings during operation of the down-the-hole hammer remains wetted, especially when the down-the-hole hammer is advanced and the soil enters the exhaust air openings.
  • the down-the-hole hammer can comprise a housing, a pneumatic percussion unit arranged in the housing, and a working head, which is also referred to as a drill bit.
  • a working head which is also referred to as a drill bit.
  • the working head there is at least one outlet channel for discharging the volume flow of compressed air that emerges from the downhole hammer after it has been driven.
  • the housing of the down-the-hole hammer is non-rotatably connected to the rod, the compressed air flow being able to be fed to the down-the-hole hammer via the rod.
  • two, three or four outlet channels for discharging the compressed air volume flow can be present in the working head.
  • the working head is preferably arranged to be longitudinally displaceable relative to the housing of the down-the-hole hammer.
  • the outlet channel has an outlet opening on the front side pointing in the feed direction of the downhole hammer.
  • the compressed air emerges as exhaust air at the front of the down-the-hole hammer, so that the cuttings removed from the rock with the help of the down-the-hole hammer when drilling rock are blown out of the drilling area with the help of the exhaust air.
  • the working head comprises a drill bit equipped with hard metal elements.
  • the down-the-hole hammer can also be used to drill holes in the rock.
  • the working head is preferably a round eccentric drill head with an eccentric drill bit or an expansion drill head with an expansion crown.
  • the eccentric drill bit preferably has a round cross section. This creates a round drilling channel when the down-the-hole hammer is in operation.
  • the down-the-hole hammer drill has a front, first substantially cylindrical housing section and a second housing section firmly connected to the first housing section, the longitudinal axis of the first housing section and the longitudinal axis of the second housing section at a first angle in the range from 1 ° to 10 °, preferably at a first angle in the range from 1 ° to 4 °.
  • a typical angle is 2 °.
  • the housing has a kink between the first housing section and the second housing section. This kink is preferably arranged so that its outer wall is congruent with the point at which an eccentric drill bit has its overcut. The kink thus points in the desired control direction.
  • the kink has an abrasion protection, in particular on its outside, which can be produced in particular by radial weld seams made of hard deposit. This protects the area that is always in contact with the outer wall of the drill channel.
  • the longitudinal axis of the second housing section and the longitudinal axis of the linkage intersect at a second angle in the range from 0.5 ° to 5 °, preferably at a second angle in the range from 1 ° to 2 °.
  • the longitudinal axis of the linkage and the longitudinal axis of the first housing section intersect at an angle which corresponds to the sum of the first angle and the second angle.
  • these preferably have the same amount.
  • the second housing section has, in particular, a receiving area for receiving an electronic transmitter, through which the down-the-hole hammer and thus the drill head can be located with the aid of a corresponding locating device.
  • a blower is preferably arranged, which has two lateral, rearwardly inclined nozzles. In this way, the dismantled cuttings are conveyed away towards the rear in the direction of the rods. Furthermore, a blower can be arranged between the drill rod and the down-the-hole hammer, which has at least one nozzle pointing backwards in the direction of the drill rod. Alternatively or additionally, a blower can be arranged between the first housing section and the second housing section, which has at least one nozzle pointing backwards in the direction of the drill rod.
  • blowers can be arranged along the rod, preferably at a distance in the range between 10 m and 30 m, preferably at a distance of 20 m.
  • the amount of air required to drive the down-the-hole hammer and to operate the blower increases by 0.5 m 3 to 1 m 3 per minute per blower.
  • a second aspect of the invention relates to a method for generating a hole in the ground, in which a compressed air flow is generated to drive a down-the-hole hammer and is fed to the down-the-hole hammer via a hollow rod. A liquid is added to the compressed air flow.
  • the hammering down-the-hole hammer is rotated at 30 to 60 revolutions per minute and pushed forward with little contact pressure.
  • an advance speed in the range of 2 m / h to 10 m / h can be achieved.
  • an advance speed of up to 20 m / h can be achieved become.
  • the down-the-hole hammer is rotated with the drill head so that the hard metal application on the kink and the overcut of the eccentric drill bit point in the direction opposite to the desired control direction Carbide application at the bend in the opposite direction.
  • the kink thus points in the desired control direction. Then the down-the-hole hammer, together with the drill bit, is rotated through an angle in the range of +/- 10 ° to +/- 45 °, in particular in the range of +/- 5 ° to +/- 20 °, around the rotational position pointing in the desired direction alternately moved back and forth and pushed forward.
  • the eccentric drill bit for producing the pilot hole has a diameter of 130 mm and the expansion bit has a diameter of 200 mm.
  • the expansion crown preferably has a 10 cm to 20 cm long cylindrical guide which has a slightly smaller diameter than the pilot bore.
  • the down-the-hole hammer is hammered through the drilling channel of the pilot hole.
  • the down-the-hole hammer with the expanding crown follows the drilling channel of the pilot bore exactly, which is thereby expanded to a diameter of, for example, 200 mm.
  • a rod section is advanced after it has been advanced an interruption in which another rod section is inserted into the rod.
  • the rod sections are in particular in the range between 2 m and 3 m long. In other embodiments, other lengths, in particular 4 m or 5 m long rod sections, can also be used.
  • a pump for introducing the liquid into the compressed air flow can deliver a larger delivery rate than when feeding the liquid into the compressed air volume flow, in which case the compressed air volume flow is then preferably no longer generated and the down-the-hole hammer is no longer operated. The fluid that is then pumped flows through the down-the-hole hammer into the drill channel created.
  • the drill head is withdrawn together with the down-the-hole hammer over the length of a rod section, for example over 3 m, and then moved forward again over the same length.
  • the cuttings removed from the rock with the help of the down-the-hole drill hammer are also washed back over longer drill channels of, for example, 50 m to 150 m and carried out of the drill channel.
  • FIG. 1A a drilling rig 10 for the controlled drilling of a pilot well is shown.
  • the drilling rig 10 works according to a horizontal drilling method, which is also referred to as Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) method.
  • a horizontal drilling rig available under the trade name Terra-Jet is used for this purpose.
  • Such a horizontal drilling rig is for example from the document DE 101 15 233 A1 famous.
  • a rod 14 composed of several rod sections 13 is introduced into the ground 18 in the direction of the arrow P0 with the aid of a horizontal drilling device 12 at a starting point 16 with a down-the-hole hammer 20 arranged on the horizontal drilling device 12 remote end of the rod 14.
  • the down-the-hole hammer drill 20 has a drill head 21 equipped with hard metal tips (not shown), by means of which a drill channel can also be produced in rock.
  • the drilling rig 10 comprises a compressed air generation unit 30 for generating a compressed air flow which is conveyed into the hollow rod 14.
  • the compressed air generation unit 30 is preferably a separate structural unit which is connected to the horizontal drilling device 12 via a compressed air hose, via which the compressed air flow generated can be fed to the horizontal drilling device 12.
  • the compressed air flow is then passed via the rod 14 to the down-the-hole hammer 20 and is used to drive the down-the-hole hammer 20 3000 impacts, in particular 2000 impacts per minute, hits the freely movable drill head 21.
  • the hard metal elements of the drill head 21 are in particular ball pins or concave pins. With every hit, the hard metal elements break small pieces, so-called cuttings, out of the rock. These cuttings are blown out of the area in front of the drill head 21 with the aid of the compressed air of the down-the-hole hammer 20.
  • the horizontal drilling device 12 has a pump 42 which sucks liquid 46 from a liquid container 40 via a hose 48 and conveys it at high pressure into the compressed air flow generated with the aid of the compressed air generation unit 30.
  • the conveyed volume of the liquid 46 is by a factor of 100 to a factor of 3000, in particular a factor of 800 to 2000, less than the compressed air flow generated with the aid of the compressed air generation unit 30.
  • the downhole hammer drill 20 has a kink 23 with an angle in the range between 1 ° and 4 °, typically with an angle of 2 °.
  • the kink 23 serves to support the down-the-hole hammer 20 in the drill channel 15, in particular when producing a bent or curved drill channel 15.
  • the drill head 21 is an eccentric drill head and is used together with the entire down-the-hole drill 20 with the aid of the rod 14 to create a straight drill channel 15 rotated continuously.
  • the drill head 21 In the event of a desired lateral movement, upward movement or downward movement, the drill head 21 is stopped in a position suitable for the desired movement and is continuously moved back and forth in a pendulum movement around the position in the range between +/- 10 ° and +/- 45 ° so that due to the kink 23 a corresponding deflection movement of the drill head 21 and the down-the-hole hammer 20 takes place in the ground 18.
  • the central axis of a drill bit of the drill head 21 equipped with hard metal elements runs at a distance parallel to the axis of rotation of the drill head 21, as follows in connection with the Figures 4 and 5 will be explained in more detail.
  • Figure 1B shows a detailed view of the end of the rod 14 remote from the horizontal drilling device 12, together with the down-the-hole hammer 20 and the drill head 21.
  • an electronic probe is arranged in the rear housing section 24.
  • the percussion piston and the control channels for controlling the percussion piston are preferably arranged in the front housing section 26 of the down-the-hole hammer 20.
  • the probe and thus the position of the downhole hammer 20 can be determined exactly at any time from the surface of the earth with the aid of a corresponding locating device.
  • the position of rotation and the inclination of the drill head are displayed on the tracking device.
  • the movement path of the drill head 21 and thus the course of the drill channel 15 of the pilot bore is controlled simply by a controlled stopping of the rotation of the drill head 21 via the rod 14 and an oscillating rotary movement around this position.
  • the liquid 46 transported by conveying the liquid 46 into the compressed air stream to the down-the-hole hammer 20 emerges together with the exhaust air from the down-the-hole hammer 20 via the exhaust air channels in the drill head 21, so that the inner surface of the exhaust air channels is wetted with this liquid 46.
  • soil 18 can penetrate into the exhaust air ducts of the drill head 21 from the front.
  • the penetrated soil 18 can then adhere more poorly to the inside of the exhaust air ducts due to the added liquid 46 and can thus simply be blown out of the exhaust air ducts with the aid of the exhaust air.
  • the liquid can liquefy soil which has penetrated into the exhaust air ducts, so that the liquefied soil 18 can simply be blown out again by the exhaust air.
  • the liquid 46 can in particular be water.
  • An additive preferably a polymer, is preferably added to the water. With the aid of the additive, the friction between the soil 18 that has penetrated into the exhaust air ducts and the wall of the exhaust air ducts is further reduced and the soil 18 that has penetrated into the duct is prevented from sticking to the inside of the exhaust duct.
  • soil 18 that has penetrated into the exhaust air duct is liquefied by the liquid 46 and can then simply be blown out of the exhaust air duct by the exhaust air.
  • the downhole hammer drill 20 After reaching a target point 22, which is located, for example, in a target pit, the downhole hammer drill 20 is separated from the rod 14 and the rod is withdrawn in sections to the starting point 16. If necessary, the drilling channel 15 of the pilot hole can then be expanded in a second drilling process with the aid of an expansion head.
  • flushing liquid can also be fed through the hollow rods 14 and through the downhole hammer 20 with the aid of the pump 42, which exits at the drill head 21 and at least partially flushes away the soil 18 located in front of the drill head 21.
  • the aid of the down-the-hole hammer 20 without changing tools and a drilling channel 15 can be produced with the desired course.
  • a control unit 50 of the horizontal drilling device 12 controls the compressed air generation unit 30 and the pump 42 for conveying the flushing fluid through the rods 14.
  • the pump 42 can be controlled by the control unit 50 in particular in such a way that the volume flow of the liquid 46 conveyed by the pump 42 and thus the liquid 46 exiting at the drill head 21 can be controlled.
  • the horizontal drilling device 12 preferably has a rotary drive for rotating the rod 14 about a longitudinal axis and a feed drive for moving the rod 14 along its longitudinal axis through the soil 18 together with the down-the-hole hammer 20 connected to the end of the rod 14 remote from the feed drive.
  • Figure 2 shows a representation of a down-the-hole hammer 20 connected to a drill pipe 14 in a drilling channel 15 according to a first embodiment.
  • this down-the-hole hammer 20 is shown without a drilling channel 15.
  • the Figures 2 and 3 is the one in the Figures 1A and 1B Down-the-hole hammer 20, shown only schematically, is shown in detail.
  • the drilling channel 15 is in Figure 2 shown above and below by two parallel lines. In front of the drill head 21, the expected course of the drill channel 15 when drilling is continued is shown by two parallel dashed lines.
  • the front first housing section 26 is connected to the rear second housing section 24 with the aid of a connecting piece 23.
  • the percussion mechanism of the down-the-hole hammer 20 with the percussion piston is arranged in the first housing section 26.
  • a receiving area for a locating probe is provided in the second housing section 24.
  • the receiving area can be closed with the aid of a cover.
  • the drill head 21 is an eccentric drill head 21 equipped with hard metal elements, which is subsequently used in conjunction with the Figures 4 and 5 will be explained in more detail. In other embodiments, other drill heads 21 can also be used.
  • the drill head 21 is non-rotatably connected to the housing sections 24, 26 and thus to the drill rod 14.
  • the lateral overhang of the eccentric drill head 21 is on the same side as a kink between the housing sections 24 and 26 created by the connecting element 23 the contact area 64 is moved along the inner wall of the drilling channel 15 and makes contact with this wall in the process.
  • a blower 28 is arranged between the drill rod 14 and the down-the-hole hammer drill 20, which has two nozzles pointing backwards in the direction of the drill rod 14, from which a defined amount of air exits, which is used to feed the removed cuttings in the direction of the starting point 16 of the drill channel 15 move.
  • FIG Figure 4 shows a perspective view of the drill head 21 of the down-the-hole hammer 20 according to FIG Figures 2 and 3 .
  • the drill head 21 has a shaft 32 which is received in the front, first housing section 26.
  • the percussion piston of the down-the-hole hammer strikes the rear face 33 of the shaft 32 when the down-the-hole hammer 20 is in operation.
  • the eccentric drill bit 34 adjoins the front end of the shaft 32 and is equipped on its front side with a multiplicity of hard metal elements, one of which is denoted by the reference numeral 36. Furthermore, the drill head 21 has four outlet channels 38a to 38d, from which the compressed air flow exits to the front after its use to drive the downhole hammer 20, whereby the exhaust air is used to remove the cuttings removed from the rock with the help of the hard metal elements 36 from the drilling area and on Blow down hole hammer 20 over.
  • FIG. 13 shows a perspective view of the connecting element 23 between the first housing section 26 and the second housing section 24 of the down-the-hole hammer 20 according to FIG Figures 2 and 3 .
  • Figure 7 shows a side view of the connecting element 23 and Figure 8 a longitudinal section of the connecting element 23.
  • the connecting element 23 has a first threaded section 60 with a conical external thread and a second threaded section 66 with a conical internal thread.
  • the first housing section 26 has, on the side facing the connecting element 23, an external thread complementary to the threaded section 66
  • the second housing section 24 has, on its front side facing the connecting element 23, a threaded section complementary to the threaded section 60 with an internal thread.
  • the connecting element 23 has an inner through opening 62 through which the compressed air generated by the compressed air generating unit 30 and conducted through the linkage 14 and the blower 28 and through the second housing section 24 flows and is supplied to the first housing section 26.
  • the longitudinal axes of the threaded sections 60, 66 intersect at an angle ⁇ , so that the connecting element 23 creates a kink between the first housing section 26 and the second housing section 24 when the housing sections 24, 26 are connected to one another via the connecting element 23 are.
  • An abrasion protection 64 is provided on the outside of the kink.
  • the abrasion protection 64 is formed by a hard coating applied with the aid of a welding process. This reduces the abrasion of the surface material of the connecting element 23 when the outer kink of the connecting element 23 comes into contact with the drilling channel 15, so that long service lives of the connecting element 23 and the entire down-the-hole hammer 20 are achieved.
  • FIG. 14 shows a perspective view of the blower 28, which is used as in connection with FIGS Figures 2 and 3 explained, is arranged between the drill pipe 14 and the down-the-hole hammer 20. Further blowers 28 can also be arranged at larger distances between rod sections, so that the air exiting at these blowers 28 blows the cuttings in this area backwards towards the starting point 16 through the drilling channel 15.
  • FIG. 14 shows a side view of the blower 28 according to FIG Figure 9 and Figure 11 a longitudinal section of the blower 28.
  • the blower 28 has a first threaded section 68 with a conical internal thread and a second threaded section 70 with a conical external thread as well as a continuous internal opening 80 for guiding the compressed air flow from the rod to the down-the-hole hammer 20.
  • the blower has two outlet nozzles 76, 78 pointing obliquely backwards, the longitudinal axis of which intersects the longitudinal axis of the blower 28 at an acute angle.
  • two surfaces 72, 74 are worked into the outer wall of the blower 28, into which a tool, in particular a spanner, can engage, in particular to detach the blower 28 from the rod 14 and from the down-the-hole drill hammer 20.
  • the blower 28 can have only one blow-out nozzle or more than two blow-out nozzles, in particular three or four blow-out nozzles.
  • Figure12 shows a perspective illustration of an expander head 80, which can be used for expanding a pilot hole instead of the eccentric drill head 21 in the down-the-hole hammer drill 20.
  • the receiving shaft 82 of the expanding head 80 is preferably identical to the receiving shaft 32 of the drill head 21 according to the Figures 4 and 5 .
  • the widening drill bit 86 is equipped with a multiplicity of hard metal elements, one of which is designated by the reference numeral 88 by way of example.
  • the expanding drill bit 86 is symmetrical in this exemplary embodiment, the first housing section 26 and the second housing section 24 of the down-the-hole hammer being connected to one another without the connecting element 23 during the expansion process, so that the down-the-hole hammer 20 then has no kink, but is straight.
  • the widening drill head 80 In front of the widening drill bit 86, the widening drill head 80 has a cylindrical guide element 84, on the front side of which a plurality of hard metal elements are arranged, of which one hard metal element is designated by the reference numeral 90 by way of example.
  • the cylindrical guide area 84 has approximately the same outside diameter as the drilling channel 15 of the pilot hole generated with the aid of the eccentric drill head 21, so that the expansion drilling head 80 follows the course of the drilling channel 15 of the pilot hole through the cylindrical guide section 84 during an expansion drilling process.
  • the expansion head 80 has at least one, preferably two, exhaust air openings for the exit of the exhaust air from the down-the-hole hammer 20, which are shown in FIG Figure 12 are not shown.
  • non-symmetrical expansion drill heads 80 can also be used. It is also possible to continue to use the connecting element 23 both with symmetrical and asymmetrical expansion heads 80, so that the first housing section 26 and the second housing section 24 are arranged at an angle ⁇ to one another.
  • the angle ⁇ has one Value in the range between 1 ° and 10 °, preferably between 1 ° and 4 °, in particular 2 °.
  • Figure 13 FIG. 8 shows a side view of the expander head 80 of FIG Figure 12 .
  • FIG 14 shows a block diagram 100 of a compressed air and liquid circuit of the horizontal drilling device 12 of the drilling rig 10 according to Figure 1a .
  • flushing liquid 46 is supplied from the flushing liquid tank 40 to the inlet E1.
  • the supplied rinsing liquid 46 is freed of dirt particles in a line filter 102 and reaches the pump 42 via a motorized ball valve 104.
  • the pump 42 When the pump 42 is operated with the ball valve 104 open, the pump 42 sucks in rinsing liquid from the container 40 and conveys it via a shut-off valve 108 and an elbow screw connection 110 at the output A1 in the drill rod 14.
  • the delivery pressure of the pump 42 is detected on the pressure side with the aid of a pressure transmitter 106. With the aid of a pressure transmitter 118, the suction pressure of the pump 42 is also recorded.
  • the arrangement further comprises an antifreeze tank 112 for providing antifreeze, which is connected to the suction side of the pump 42 via a ball valve arrangement 114.
  • a check valve 116 is arranged between the ball valve 114 and the pump 42.
  • the ball valve arrangement 104 is closed and the ball valve arrangements 108, 114 opened, so that when the pump 42 is operating, anti-freeze liquid is conveyed from the anti-freeze tank 112 through the lines and the pump 42, so that the lines and the Pump 42 are then filled with antifreeze.
  • a down-the-hole hammer 20 When a down-the-hole hammer 20 is in operation, no rinsing liquid, but rather water, preferably with an additive, in particular a special polymer, is fed from a tank 40 via the inlet E1.
  • a compressed air stream is fed into the linkage 14 via a compressed air branch 120 via the output A1.
  • the compressed air is generated with the aid of the compressed air generating unit 30 generated and fed to the compressed air branch 120 via the input E2.
  • the compressed air flow Via a motor-operated three-way valve 122, the compressed air flow is fed via a high-pressure shut-off valve 128 and a T-piece 130 to the angular rotary screw connection 110 to the output A1 and thus to the drill rod 14.
  • a pressure transmitter 126 is provided to detect the air pressure.
  • the motor-operated three-way valve 122 is reversed so that the compressed air flow supplied via the input E2 escapes into the environment via a silencer 124.
  • the compressed air at output A1 has a value in the range between 10 bar and 24 bar for operating the down-the-hole hammer 20.
  • the water circuit and the air circuit are connected at the T-piece 130, with the liquid supplied via the inlet E1 being fed into the compressed air flow in rock bores at the T-piece 130.
  • the pump 42 is controlled by the control unit 50 in such a way that it delivers only a small amount of liquid, preferably has a delivery rate of 3 l / min to 5 l / min, whereas it is controlled by the control unit 50 for horizontal bores in the mixer area 18, that it delivers 40 l / min to 100 l / min, in particular 60 l / min, flushing liquid 46.
  • the air volume flow of the compressed air is in the range between 5 m 3 / min and 15 m 3 / min, depending on the down-the-hole hammer 20 used.
  • Figure 15 shows a representation of a down-the-hole hammer 200 connected to the drill pipe 14 in the drilling channel 15 according to a second embodiment.
  • the down-the-hole hammer 200 after Fig.15 differs from the down-the-hole hammer 20 after Figure 2 ff. in that, in addition to the connecting piece 23 between the housing sections 24, 26, a second connecting piece 123 is provided between the end of the rod 14 and the second housing section 24 or between the blower 28 and the second housing section 24.
  • the connecting element 123 also creates a kink between the second housing section 26 and the linkage 14 and has an abrasion-resistant one Contact area 164 through which the down-the-hole hammer 200 is supported on the wall of the drill channel 15, the rotation of the down-the-hole hammer 22 moving the contact areas 64, 164 along the inner wall of the drill channel 15 and thereby contacting this wall.
  • the downhole hammer drill 200 is bent both with respect to the rod 14 with the aid of the connecting element 123 and within itself between the housing sections 24 and 26, the total angle between the longitudinal axis of the rod 14 and the first housing section 26 being made up of the angle of the connecting elements 123 and 23, the longitudinal axis of the rod 14, the longitudinal axis of the second housing section 24 and the longitudinal axis of the first housing section 26 lying in one plane at least in the area of the downhole hammer 200.
  • the connecting elements 23, 123 preferably produce the same angle between the housing sections 24, 26 or linkage 14 connected by the respective connecting element °, in particular from 1 ° to 2 °. It is particularly advantageous if the connecting elements 23, 123 are constructed identically, so that the manufacturing costs and the outlay for stocking replacement parts are low.
  • the second housing section 24 can have a different length in relation to the first housing section 26 in other down-the-hole drills.
  • the section between the two connecting elements 123, 23 lies in the range between 50% and 150% of the length of the first housing section 26 in which the hammer mechanism of the down-the-hole hammer 200 is arranged.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
EP21156269.9A 2020-02-12 2021-02-10 Dispositif de production d'un trou de forage Withdrawn EP3865655A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020103596.9A DE102020103596A1 (de) 2020-02-12 2020-02-12 Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen einer Erdbohrung

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Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4474252A (en) * 1983-05-24 1984-10-02 Thompson Farish R Method and apparatus for drilling generally horizontal bores
EP0851091A2 (fr) 1996-12-17 1998-07-01 TERRA AG fuer Tiefbautechnik Marteau dans le trou
US6125952A (en) * 1998-03-03 2000-10-03 Sandvik Ab Percussive down-the-hole hammer and a drill bit therefor
DE10115233A1 (de) 2000-05-11 2001-11-15 Terra Ag Fuer Tiefbautechnik S Horizontalbohranlage
JP3631705B2 (ja) * 2001-08-09 2005-03-23 俊彦 藤井 削孔時の粉塵飛散防止方法及び装置
US20110031018A1 (en) * 2009-08-04 2011-02-10 Pioneer One, Inc. Horizontal drilling system
EP2085566B1 (fr) 2008-01-11 2011-09-14 TERRA AG für Tiefbautecknik Installation de forage
EP2957710B1 (fr) 2014-04-01 2017-12-06 TERRA AG fuer Tiefbautechnik Tête de forage et dispositif de production d'un forage dans la terre
US20180269664A1 (en) * 2015-05-29 2018-09-20 Herrenknecht Ag System and method for laying underground cables or underground lines in the ground near the surface
JP2019090207A (ja) * 2017-11-14 2019-06-13 株式会社冨田 掘削方法

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4474252A (en) * 1983-05-24 1984-10-02 Thompson Farish R Method and apparatus for drilling generally horizontal bores
EP0851091A2 (fr) 1996-12-17 1998-07-01 TERRA AG fuer Tiefbautechnik Marteau dans le trou
US6125952A (en) * 1998-03-03 2000-10-03 Sandvik Ab Percussive down-the-hole hammer and a drill bit therefor
DE10115233A1 (de) 2000-05-11 2001-11-15 Terra Ag Fuer Tiefbautechnik S Horizontalbohranlage
JP3631705B2 (ja) * 2001-08-09 2005-03-23 俊彦 藤井 削孔時の粉塵飛散防止方法及び装置
EP2085566B1 (fr) 2008-01-11 2011-09-14 TERRA AG für Tiefbautecknik Installation de forage
US20110031018A1 (en) * 2009-08-04 2011-02-10 Pioneer One, Inc. Horizontal drilling system
EP2957710B1 (fr) 2014-04-01 2017-12-06 TERRA AG fuer Tiefbautechnik Tête de forage et dispositif de production d'un forage dans la terre
US20180269664A1 (en) * 2015-05-29 2018-09-20 Herrenknecht Ag System and method for laying underground cables or underground lines in the ground near the surface
JP2019090207A (ja) * 2017-11-14 2019-06-13 株式会社冨田 掘削方法

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