EP2068159A1 - Appareil et procédé de détermination de caractéristiques d'antenne - Google Patents

Appareil et procédé de détermination de caractéristiques d'antenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2068159A1
EP2068159A1 EP07792540A EP07792540A EP2068159A1 EP 2068159 A1 EP2068159 A1 EP 2068159A1 EP 07792540 A EP07792540 A EP 07792540A EP 07792540 A EP07792540 A EP 07792540A EP 2068159 A1 EP2068159 A1 EP 2068159A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
measured
measuring
distance
anechoic chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07792540A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hiroshi Kitada
Yukio Yamamoto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd filed Critical Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd
Publication of EP2068159A1 publication Critical patent/EP2068159A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
    • G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
    • G01R29/10—Radiation diagrams of antennas
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
    • G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
    • G01R29/10—Radiation diagrams of antennas
    • G01R29/105—Radiation diagrams of antennas using anechoic chambers; Chambers or open field sites used therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
    • G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/24—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an antenna-characteristic measuring apparatus and an antenna-characteristic measuring method suitable for use in measuring antenna characteristics of small antennas for mobile phones and the like.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2003-75489
  • the site attenuation is a value unique to each radio anechoic chamber. Therefore, when a new radio anechoic chamber is to be used, it is necessary to measure the site attenuation of the new radio anechoic chamber and thus, the new radio anechoic chamber cannot be immediately used. Also in the conventional art, since arithmetic processing needs to be performed on a correction term after actual measurement, it is not necessarily easy to perform measurement of antenna characteristics.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an antenna-characteristic measuring apparatus and an antenna-characteristic measuring method that can measure antenna characteristics using a small radio anechoic chamber without performing arithmetic processing, such as correction.
  • the present invention provides an antenna-characteristic measuring apparatus including a radio anechoic chamber internally provided with a radio wave absorber, a measured antenna placed inside the radio anechoic chamber and to be subjected to measurement, and a measuring antenna positioned inside the radio anechoic chamber and opposite the measured antenna and configured to measure antenna characteristics of the measured antenna.
  • a distance L between the measured antenna and the measuring antenna is set to satisfy the following relationship: D + d 2 2 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ L ⁇ 2 ⁇ D + d 2 ⁇ where D denotes aperture size of the measured antenna, d denotes aperture size of the measuring antenna, and ⁇ denotes wavelength of a measurement frequency.
  • the present invention also provides an antenna-characteristic measuring method in which a measured antenna and a measuring antenna facing each other are placed inside a radio anechoic chamber internally provided with a radio wave absorber, and the measuring antenna is used to measure antenna characteristics of the measured antenna.
  • the antenna-characteristic measuring method includes the steps of setting a distance L between the measured antenna and the measuring antenna to satisfy the following relationship: D + d 2 2 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ L ⁇ 2 ⁇ D + d 2 ⁇ where D denotes aperture size of the measured antenna, d denotes aperture size of the measuring antenna, and ⁇ denotes wavelength of a measurement frequency; and measuring, after the setting step, electromagnetic waves from the measured antenna using the measuring antenna.
  • each of the aperture sizes D and d of each antenna is substantially the same as the wavelength ⁇ of the measurement frequency. Therefore, when the relationship defined in Claims 1 and 2 is satisfied, each of the aperture sizes D and d tends to be smaller than the distance L.
  • the radiation pattern of electromagnetic waves radiated from the measured antenna in the Fresnel region is substantially the same as that in the Fraunhofer region. Therefore, even in the Fresnel region where the distance L between the measured antenna and the measuring antenna is in the range of (D+d) 2 /(2 ⁇ ) to 2(D+d) 2 / ⁇ , antenna characteristics substantially the same as those in the Fraunhofer region where the distance L is greater than 2(D+d) 2 / ⁇ can be measured.
  • the outer dimensions of the radio anechoic chamber can be reduced.
  • the radio anechoic chamber can be made compact and the measurement space can be made small. Additionally, since there is no need to measure the attenuation of the radio anechoic chamber and no need to perform arithmetic processing, such as correction, it is possible to reduce measurement time and improve workability of measurement.
  • a radio anechoic chamber 1 includes a housing 1A composed of, for example, aluminum plates with a thickness of about 1 to 2 mm and a radio wave absorber 1B inside the housing 1A.
  • the radio anechoic chamber 1 has a length of, for example, about 50 to 100 cm in each of the width direction (X direction), length direction (Y direction), and height direction (Z direction).
  • the radio anechoic chamber 1 blocks external electromagnetic waves and prevents reflection of internal electromagnetic waves.
  • a two-axis positioner 2 is disposed inside the radio anechoic chamber 1 and, for example, near the left wall.
  • the two-axis positioner 2 includes a first rotator 2A rotatable about an axis O1 parallel to the height direction and a second rotator 2B disposed on the first rotator 2A and rotatable about an axis 02 parallel to the length (right-and-left) direction.
  • a measured antenna 3 (described below) is attached to a tip of the second rotator 2B.
  • the two-axis positioner 2 causes the measured antenna 3 to rotate about the two axes, the axes O1 and 02, orthogonal to each other, thereby determining the azimuth (direction) of the measured antenna 3.
  • the measured antenna 3 is attached to a tip of the second rotator 2B of the two-axis positioner 2.
  • the first and second rotators 2A and 2B cause the measured antenna 3 to rotate about the two axes, the axes O1 and 02.
  • the measured antenna 3 is an object whose antenna characteristics are to be measured. Examples of the measured antenna 3 include various antennas for mobile phones, mobile terminals, and the like.
  • the measured antenna 3 has an aperture size D of, for example, about 1 to 20 cm.
  • the aperture size D is assumed to be the overall length of the whip antenna and mobile phone.
  • the aperture size D is assumed to be the overall length of the mobile phone.
  • a measuring antenna 4 is disposed inside the radio anechoic chamber 1 and, for example, near the right wall.
  • the measuring antenna 4 is attached to an antenna positioner 5 and positioned opposite the measured antenna 3 in the length (horizontal) direction.
  • the measuring antenna 4 is a small biconical antenna with an element length of, for example, about 15 cm. Therefore, an aperture size d of the measuring antenna 4 is equivalent to the element length.
  • the antenna positioner 5 is disposed through the right wall of the radio anechoic chamber 1.
  • the antenna positioner 5 is capable of moving forward and backward laterally along the axis 02.
  • the measuring antenna 4 is attached to a tip of the antenna positioner 5.
  • a distance L between the measured antenna 3 and the measuring antenna 4 is set to a value satisfying the relationship of Expression 1 below.
  • the distance L indicates a distance between a rotation center Pa (position at which the axes O1 and O2 intersect) and a reference point Pb (center position of the biconical antenna).
  • ⁇ denotes wavelength of a signal (electromagnetic wave) at a measurement frequency.
  • the aperture sizes D and d, wavelength ⁇ , and distance L are all in the same units (e.g., cm).
  • the measuring antenna 4 is connected via an attenuator 6 to a network analyzer 7 (described below).
  • the network analyzer 7 is connected to the measured antenna 3 via a high-frequency cable 7A while connected to the measuring antenna 4 via a high-frequency cable 7B and the attenuator 6.
  • the network analyzer 7 uses the measuring antenna 4 to receive electromagnetic waves transmitted from the measured antenna 3 and measures received power Pr.
  • the network analyzer 7 repeats this measurement while gradually changing an azimuth angle ⁇ and an elevation angle ⁇ of the measured antenna 3 using the two-axis positioner 2.
  • the network analyzer 7 measures the antenna characteristics, such as antenna radiation efficiency and the like, of the measured antenna 3.
  • the antenna-characteristic measuring apparatus is configured as described above. Next, a method for measuring antenna characteristics using the antenna-characteristic measuring apparatus will be described.
  • the measured antenna 3 is attached to the two-axis positioner 2, which is then placed inside the radio anechoic chamber 1.
  • the distance L between the rotation center Pa of the two-axis positioner 2 and the reference point Pb of the small biconical antenna is adjusted to be equal to the shortest distance Lmin or to be within about 10% (e.g., several cm) of the shortest distance Lmin and slightly greater than the shortest distance Lmin.
  • the measuring antenna 4 is positioned at a fixed point.
  • the first and second rotators 2A and 2B of the two-axis positioner 2 are operated such that the measured antenna 3 is fixed at a position where both the azimuth angle ⁇ and the elevation angle ⁇ are 0°.
  • the network analyzer 7 uses the measuring antenna 4 to receive electromagnetic waves transmitted from the measured antenna 3 and measures the received power Pr(0°, 0°).
  • the first rotator 2A of the two-axis positioner 2 is operated to increase the azimuth angle ⁇ of the measured antenna 3 by 10°, and then, the received power Pr(10°, 0°) is measured. This operation is repeated while the azimuth angle ⁇ is in the range of 0° to 360°.
  • the second rotator 2B of the two-axis positioner 2 is operated to increase the elevation angle ⁇ of the measured antenna 3 by 10°.
  • the received power Pr( ⁇ , ⁇ ) is measured while the azimuth angle ⁇ is changed in 10° steps in the range of 0° to 360° again.
  • the above-described operation is repeated while the azimuth angle ⁇ is in the range of 0° to 360° and the elevation angle ⁇ is in the range of 0° to 180° and thus, the received power Pr( ⁇ , ⁇ ) at the azimuth angle ⁇ and elevation angle ⁇ is measured.
  • the received power Pr( ⁇ , ⁇ ) is spherically integrated with respect to the entire space, and radiated power Prad from the measured antenna 3 is calculated on the basis of Expression 3 below:
  • an antenna characteristic (antenna radiation efficiency ⁇ t) in the Fresnel region is measured.
  • the distance L is set to a value L1 satisfying the relationship of Expression 1.
  • the measuring method described above is used to measure the antenna radiation efficiency ⁇ t.
  • the aperture size D of the measured antenna 3 is assumed to be 18 cm, which is the overall length of the mobile phone.
  • the aperture size d of the measuring antenna 4 is 15 cm, which is the element length of a small biconical antenna.
  • a plurality of frequencies in the range of 1.7 to 2.0 GHz are used as measurement frequencies for the measurement.
  • the shortest distance Lmin satisfying the relationship of Expression 1 depends on the measurement frequency (wavelength ⁇ ). That is, as the measurement frequency becomes higher, the shortest distance Lmin becomes longer. Therefore, if the shortest distance Lmin is determined for a signal having a frequency higher than all measurement frequencies and the distance L is set to this shortest distance Lmin, the distance L (L1) satisfies the relationship of Expression 1 for all measurement frequencies.
  • the shortest distance Lmin is about 39.5 cm. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the distance L1 between the measured antenna 3 and the measuring antenna 4 is set to 40 cm. Thus, the distance L1 satisfies the relationship of Expression 1 for all measurement frequencies (1.7 to 2.0 GHz).
  • an antenna characteristic (antenna radiation efficiency ⁇ t') in the Fraunhofer region (far field) is measured.
  • the distance L is set to a value L2 greater than values satisfying the relationship of Expression 1.
  • the measuring method described above is used to measure the antenna radiation efficiency ⁇ t'.
  • the measured antenna 3 and the measuring antenna 4 used in the comparative example are the same as those used in the present embodiment. That is, in the comparative example, the values (aperture sizes D and d, wavelength ⁇ ) other than the value L2 are the same as those in the present embodiment.
  • the distance L is set to the value L2 greater than values satisfying the relationship of Expression 1.
  • a longest distance Lmax satisfying the relationship of Expression 1 depends on the measurement frequency (wavelength ⁇ ). That is, as the measurement frequency becomes higher, the longest distance Lmax becomes longer. Therefore, if the longest distance Lmax is determined for a signal having a frequency higher than all measurement frequencies and the distance L is set to this longest distance Lmax, the distance L is greater than values satisfying the relationship of Expression 1 for all measurement frequencies.
  • the longest distance Lmax is about 157 cm. Therefore, in the comparative example, the distance L2 between the measured antenna 3 and the measuring antenna 4 is set to 170 cm. Thus, the distance L2 is greater than values satisfying the relationship of Expression 1 for all measurement frequencies (1.7 to 2.0 GHz).
  • a deviation between measurement results of the two cases (present embodiment and comparative example) described above is examined and shown in Fig. 3 .
  • the graph of Fig. 3 shows that the deviation between the two cases is in the range of ⁇ 1.0 dB. Therefore, as in the case of the present embodiment, even if the distance L between the measured antenna 3 and the measuring antenna 4 is set to a value satisfying the relationship of Expression 1, a measurement result substantially the same as that in the far field where the distance L is longer than values satisfying the relationship of Expression 1 can be obtained.
  • each of the aperture sizes D and d of each antenna is substantially the same as the wavelength ⁇ of the measurement frequency. Therefore, when the relationship of Expression 1 is satisfied, each of the aperture sizes D and d tends to be smaller than the distance L.
  • the radiation pattern of electromagnetic waves radiated from the measured antenna 3 in the Fresnel region is substantially the same as that in the Fraunhofer region. Therefore, even in the Fresnel region where the distance L between the measured antenna 3 and the measuring antenna 4 is short, antenna characteristics substantially the same as those in the Fraunhofer region where the distance L is long can be measured.
  • the distance L between the measured antenna 3 and the measuring antenna 4 needs to be set to a value greater than that in the Rayleigh region, smaller than that in the Fraunhofer region, and satisfying the relationship of Expression 1.
  • antenna characteristics substantially the same as those in the Fraunhofer region (far field) can be measured.
  • the outer dimensions of the radio anechoic chamber 1 can be reduced and the length of each side of the radio anechoic chamber 1 can be reduced to 100 cm or less.
  • the radio anechoic chamber 1 can be made compact and the measurement space can be made small. Additionally, since there is no need to measure the attenuation of the radio anechoic chamber 1 and no need to perform arithmetic processing, such as correction, it is possible to reduce measurement time and improve workability of measurement.
  • a whip antenna for a mobile phone may be used as the measured antenna 3 in the embodiment described above
  • a whip antenna for a mobile phone or other types of antennas may be used.
  • a biconical antenna is used as the measuring antenna 4 in the embodiment described above, other types of antennas may be used.
  • the radio anechoic chamber 1 has a quadrangular cylindrical shape (cubic shape) in the embodiment described above, the radio anechoic chamber 1 may have any shape, such as a circular cylindrical shape, a polygonal cylindrical shape, or a spherical shape, as long as the radio anechoic chamber 1 defines a space that can accommodate the measured antenna 3 and the measuring antenna 4.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Monitoring And Testing Of Transmission In General (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
EP07792540A 2006-09-28 2007-08-15 Appareil et procédé de détermination de caractéristiques d'antenne Withdrawn EP2068159A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2006264899 2006-09-28
PCT/JP2007/065906 WO2008038470A1 (fr) 2006-09-28 2007-08-15 Appareil et procédé de détermination de caractéristiques d'antenne

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EP2068159A1 true EP2068159A1 (fr) 2009-06-10

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EP07792540A Withdrawn EP2068159A1 (fr) 2006-09-28 2007-08-15 Appareil et procédé de détermination de caractéristiques d'antenne

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US8228247B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2068159A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4957726B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20090049063A (fr)
CN (1) CN101512352B (fr)
TW (1) TWI390217B (fr)
WO (1) WO2008038470A1 (fr)

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US8547284B2 (en) 2009-12-07 2013-10-01 Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute Apparatus and method for detecting radiated power
EP3358360A1 (fr) * 2017-02-03 2018-08-08 Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG Système et procédé d'essai par rapport à une région de champ lointain

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JP6309831B2 (ja) * 2014-06-10 2018-04-11 株式会社東芝 無線装置
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8547284B2 (en) 2009-12-07 2013-10-01 Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute Apparatus and method for detecting radiated power
EP3358360A1 (fr) * 2017-02-03 2018-08-08 Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG Système et procédé d'essai par rapport à une région de champ lointain
CN108390730A (zh) * 2017-02-03 2018-08-10 罗德施瓦兹两合股份有限公司 用于相对于远场区域进行测试的系统和方法
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TW200815766A (en) 2008-04-01
US20090219217A1 (en) 2009-09-03
CN101512352A (zh) 2009-08-19
WO2008038470A1 (fr) 2008-04-03
CN101512352B (zh) 2012-12-05
JP4957726B2 (ja) 2012-06-20
US8228247B2 (en) 2012-07-24
TWI390217B (zh) 2013-03-21
KR20090049063A (ko) 2009-05-15
JPWO2008038470A1 (ja) 2010-01-28

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