EP2054552B1 - Method and device for renewing a ballast bed - Google Patents

Description

Technical field of the invention

The invention relates to a method for the continuous renewal of a track and thresholds freed ballast bedding of a track by removing old ballast and depositing of cleaned ballast or new ballast on the freed from the old ballast substrate, in which method a movable in the direction of excavation device receives the old ballast of the ballast bed continuously the excavated material is conveyed away from the excavated area and possibly fed to a ballast cleaning and at the same time cleaned gravel or new ballast to form a new ballast bed is continuously deposited in the working direction on the freed from the old ballast substrate. In the context of the invention is also an arrangement of equipment for carrying out the method and a trolley.

State of the art

From the EP-A-1 191 147 a method for cleaning ballast of a track is known. A ballast cleaning machine used for this purpose is moved to clean the ballast on the track to be cleaned. With an endless, carried out transversely to the machine longitudinal direction under the locally raised track rotary reamer chain of gravel under the track is continuously removed and fed to a screening plant. The cleaned gravel leaving the screening plant is then thrown back onto the track.

If, at the same time as the ballast cleaning, a track renewal or a new laying of the existing tracks is carried out, the ballast bed will be renewed in a section in which the track has been previously removed. As gravel cleaning progresses, a new or previously removed track section is laid out on the renewed ballast bed, on the one hand, and a piece of track on a not yet renewed ballast bed, on the other hand, is removed.

In a known method of the type mentioned, the old ballast to be renewed ballast bedding with a gravel cleaning machine upstream bucket continuously removed by working in the direction forward machine, cleaned in a sieve on the machine and then immediately behind the bucket elevator on the freed from the old ballast Substrate again applied as cleaned gravel. The overburden is transported for disposal contrary to the working direction in a positioned behind the machine trolley.

The method described above has the disadvantage that the relocation of a previously removed from the old ballast track on the renewed ballast bedding can not be done directly at the same place and the track sections must be set for this reason in each case in a relatively short time with great effort behind the machine , wherein the new laying of the tracks can only take place when the excavation has ended completely and the ballast cleaning machine has moved away from the excavation area. Another disadvantage is the high weight of the known excavating and cleaning machine.

DE 27 33 084 and DE 12 07 415 also show devices for renewing railway ballast.

Presentation of the invention

The invention has for its object to provide a method of the type mentioned above and an arrangement suitable for carrying out the method with which the disadvantages of the methods and devices according to the prior art disadvantages can be avoided. A further object of the invention is to provide a method and an arrangement which are suitable for both normal ballast cleaning and underground excavation with total excavation.

With regard to the method according to the invention, with respect to the method, the removal device is arranged downstream of the chassis of the excavating machine as part of an excavating machine moving in the working direction on the old ballast bed.

In carrying out the inventive method of eroded by the excavator from the ballast gravel as excavated material in the working direction in a provided before the excavator, moved on the old ballast bed first dolly and the cleaned gravel or the new ballast from the first dolly escape the working direction behind the Extraction device promoted and deposited on the freed from the old ballast substrate.

For a ballast cleaning without total excavation, the first transport trolley suitably comprises a ballast cleaning unit and the old ballast conveyed by the excavating unit is cleaned in the ballast cleaning unit, and the cleaned ballast is returned behind the removal unit promoted and deposited on the freed from the old gravel underground.

For underground remediation with total excavation, the first dolly preferably contains Neuchotter and sand separated from each other, and Neuchotter and sand are separated from the first trolley conveyed behind the erosion device and deposited as separate layers on the freed from the old gravel and geotextile or geogrid occupied ground.

In a first preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the first transport vehicle shuttles for loading and / or unloading between the excavating machine and a second transporting carriage positioned on a track ending at the ballast bed to be renewed. During the shuttle of the first trolley in this procedure, the excavator is stationary, i. their excavation power is zero during this time.

In a second preferred embodiment of the inventive method, the first trolley remains stationary in the excavating machine and a third trolley commutes to loading and / or unloading between the first trolley and a positioned on a track to be renewed ballast track track, for the arrival and Removal of materials provided second dolly. In this shuttle operation of a third transport vehicle can be promoted with the excavating machine without interruption with the maximum power.

A suitable for carrying out the inventive method Arrangement comprises an excavating machine which can be moved on the old ballast bed in the working direction and has an excavating machine arranged downstream of the running gear of the excavating machine, at least one transporting carriage for loading and / or unloading with / from materials resulting from the renewal of a ballast bed, optionally a ballast and sand spreading machine, as well as subsidies for the transport of materials required for renewal of a ballast bed.

The removal device of the excavating machine and a ballast silo provided for depositing ballast are preferably arranged on a pivoting arm, which is pivotable about a vertical axis of rotation and a horizontal pitch axis.

The removal device is preferably a screw conveyor. This shows a lower noise compared to other excavation systems, has a compact design, is efficient and has a good efficiency. Another preferred removal device is an impeller.

For a ballast cleaning without total excavation includes one of the trolley preferably a ballast cleaning unit.

For a subsurface restoration with total excavation, the trolleys preferably have a first loading level for the intermediate storage of excavated material and a second, arranged above the first loading level second loading level for the intermediate storage of gravel and / or sand and the second loading level is for the transport of gravel and / or sand for the purpose of lowering the center of gravity of the trolley lowered and to enlarge the Interim storage of excavated material provided loading volume can be raised above the first loading level.

The loading surfaces of the trolley are preferably designed as conveyor belts.

The ballast and sand distribution machine preferably comprises a pivotable about a vertical axis of rotation and a horizontal pitch axis pivoting arm and the pivot arm are provided for the disposal of sand and gravel silos. At its lower end, the silos are preferably equipped with a compressor.

The intended for driving on the gravel bedding and on tracks machinery and vehicles, in particular the excavating machine, the ballast and Sandverteilmaschine and the trolley, are conveniently equipped with a reversible crawler chassis and a rail chassis.

Short description of the drawing

Fig. 1

eine Seitenansicht einer Aushubmaschine;

Fig. 2

ein Mess- und Steuerkonzept für die Aushubmaschine von Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

eine Seitenansicht einer Schotterreinigungsanordnung mit der Aushubmaschine von Fig. 1 und einem Transportwägen;

Fig. 4-6

einen Shuttlebetrieb der Anordnung von Fig. 3;

Fig. 7

eine Seitenansicht der Aushubmaschine von Fig. 1 in Kombination mit einem Schotter- und Sandverteilmaschine;

Fig. 8

eine Seitenansicht auf die Anordnung von Fig. 7 in Kombination mit einem Transportwagen;

Fig. 9

einen Schnitt durch den Transportwagen von Fig. 8 nach deren Linie I/I im Transportbetrieb;

Fig. 10

den Schnitt von Fig. 9 durch den Transportwagen im Arbeitsbetrieb;

Fig. 11

einen Shuttle-Betrieb mit der Anordnung von Fig. 8.

Further advantages Features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments and from the drawing; this shows schematically in

Fig. 1

a side view of a lifting machine;

Fig. 2

a measuring and control concept for the excavating machine of Fig. 1 ;

Fig. 3

a side view of a ballast cleaning arrangement with the excavating machine of Fig. 1 and a transport weighing;

Fig. 4-6

a shuttle operation of the arrangement of Fig. 3 ;

Fig. 7

a side view of the excavating machine of Fig. 1 in combination with a ballast and sand distribution machine;

Fig. 8

a side view of the arrangement of Fig. 7 in combination with a transport cart;

Fig. 9

a section through the trolley of Fig. 8 according to their line I / I in transport mode;

Fig. 10

the cut of Fig. 9 through the trolley in working mode;

Fig. 11

a shuttle operation with the arrangement of Fig. 8 ,

Description of exemplary embodiments

An in Fig. 1 Excavation machine 10 shown has a movable base 12 with a crawler track 14 for locomotion on a ballast bed and a rail chassis 16 for locomotion on tracks. From the mobile pedestal 12 extends perpendicular to an imaginary support plane of the chassis 14, 16 a Schwenkturm 18 with a vertical pivot axis z. On Schwenkturm 18, a pivot arm 20 is rotatably supported about the pivot axis z.

On the pivot arm 20 is an inclined in the direction x and with the imaginary support plane of the chassis 14, 16 an acute angle enclosing screw conveyor 22 set. On its rear side, the screw conveyor 22 is surrounded by a blade 23 with a compressor 25. The dozer blade 23 rests with its lower edge on the excavated planum. At the free end of the pivot arm 20 is a ballast silo 26 having a arranged at the bottom end of the compressor 28th

The excavating machine 10 is equipped with conveyor belts 30, 32, 36. Their function will be discussed in more detail below. A drive and power unit 40 is used, inter alia, the locomotion of the excavating machine 10, the implementation of pivotal movements of the pivot arm 20 about the pivot axes z, y and the drive 24 of the screw conveyor 22nd

The excavating machine 10 rests with its crawler track 14 on a ballast bed 41 made of old ballast 42. When the excavating machine 10 is moved in the working direction x, the old ballast 42 is continuously conveyed by the screw conveyor 22 onto the conveyor belt 30 fixed to the swivel arm 20 and from there further onto the conveyor belt 32 fixedly mounted on the mobile pedestal. To the same extent as the removal of old ballast 42 on the screw conveyor 22 and the two conveyor belts 30, 32, the supply of purified ballast or Neuschotter 44 via the conveyor belt 34 in a arranged on the conveyor belt 36 silo 38. From the conveyor belt 36 falls the cleaned Gravel or Neuschotter 44 into the ballast silo 26 and is continuously deposited on the excavation planum 47 of the substructure .46 and compressed via the compressor 28 to the desired ballast planum 45 of the ballast bed 43.

From the in Fig. 2 shown measurement and control concept for the in Fig. 1 illustrated excavating machine 10 are the pivoting movements carried out by the pivot arm 20 and thus by the screw conveyor 22 and the ballast silo 26. A pivotal movement of the pivot arm 20 about the vertical pivot axis z leads to a horizontal pivotal movement of the screw conveyor 22 and the ballast silo 26 over the entire width of the ballast bed 41, 43 to be removed or newly built. Conveyor 22 and the height of Lower edge of the ballast silo 26 with respect to a reference value is effected by a corresponding pivoting movement of the pivot arm 20 about a right angle to the pivot axis z arranged horizontal pitch axis y by means of a lifting cylinder 39th

Excavation depth and excavation width are each measured with a protractor 118 for the rotation angle of the vertical pivot axis z and a protractor 120 for the rotation angle of the horizontal pitch axis y and fed to a computer unit 122. On the basis of the inputs via a keyboard 124, the computer unit 122 specifies the height and transverse positions for the excavation planum 47 and the ballast planum 45. Construction site data such. As the construction site geometry, the excavation depth, the excavation-transverse position, the gravel planum height and the gravel-Planumsquerlage "offline", ie before the start of work, recorded and stored on a disk 126.

The measurement and control concept is designed for at least three different automation levels, so that problems with the electronics can be switched back to the simpler level. In the event of a computer failure, work with a manual or emergency control can still be continued by direct control of the hydraulic valves. The following control commands can be sent to the excavating machine via a remote control: feed, excavation width, material flow, various interventions in the automatic control, such as, for example, Stop, start, etc.

As in Fig. 3 shown, carried the removal of the excavation of old ballast 42 of the excavating machine 10 via the conveyor belt 32 to a first trolley 48, of which cleaned ballast 44 is fed via the conveyor belt 34 to the silo 38 and via the conveyor belt 36 to the ballast silo 26.

The first transport carriage 48 is equipped both with a crawler track 50 and with a rail carriage 52. The feeding of the excavation of old ballast 42 takes place via a cleaning unit 54 arranged in the interior of the car in the region of one of the ends of the car, from which the cleaned ballast 44 is returned via the conveyor belt 34. The residual material, consisting of undersize and oversize, remains as overburden 49 in serving as an intermediate storage first trolley 48 and is conveyed over a the car floor spanning conveyor belt 56 away from the cleaning unit 54 against the far end of the car.

As soon as the first transport carriage 48 is filled with overburden 49 ( Fig. 4 ), the excavation is interrupted and the first trolley 48 travels on the ballast bed 41 from old ballast 42 to a parked at a free track end 57 second trolley 58 back. Via the conveyor belt 56 spanning the floor of the car and a further conveyor belt 60 adjoining this, the overburden 49 is reloaded from the first transport trolley 48 into the waiting second transport trolley 58 ( Fig. 5 ). The emptied first trolley 48 then moves back to the excavating machine 10.

At the in Fig. 6 shown variant of the transport of overburden 49 from first trolley 48 is a third. Trolley 62, which corresponds to a first trolley 48 without cleaning unit 54, but with conveyor bottom 56, used as a shuttle between the remaining in the excavating machine 10 first trolley 48 and the second trolley 58. In this shuttle operation, the excavating machine 10 can promote without interruption with the maximum power.

In the Fig. 7 The arrangement shown is used when the ballast bed 41 completely removed from old ballast 42 in the context of a total excavation and a new ballast bed with a base 64 of geotextile or a geogrid, a first layer 66 of sand 67 and a second layer 68 of Neuschotter 44 are constructed got to.

An excavating machine 10 'used for this purpose is essentially identical in its basic construction to that in FIG Fig. 1 shown excavating machine 10, but has no ballast silo 26. Next, a second conveyor belt 35 is arranged with upstream silo 37 for the transport of sand 67 parallel to the conveyor belt 36 with upstream silo 38 for the transport of Neuschotter 44.

In the working direction x of the excavating machine 10 'downstream is a sand and ballast distribution machine 70, which is in its basic structure substantially identical to the excavating machine 10'.

The sand and ballast distribution machine 70 has a movable base 72 with a crawler track 74 and a rail gear 76. From the mobile pedestal 72 protrudes perpendicular to an imaginary support plane of the trolleys 74, 76 a Schwenkturm 78 with a vertical pivot axis z. At Schwenkturm 78 is a pivot arm 80 to the vertical Swivel axis z rotatably mounted.

On the swivel arm 80, a ballast silo 82 and a sand silo 84 are arranged one behind the other and offset from one another, the sand silo 84 being further away from the pivot tower 78 than the ballast silo 82. The pivot tower 78 also has two silos 86, 88, each with one of the silos 86, 88 on the sandbox 84 and the ballast silo 82 leading conveyor belts 90, 92 set. In the area of their bottom ends, the sandbox 84 and the ballast silo 82 are equipped with compressors 85 and 83, respectively.

The sand and ballast distribution machine 70 rests with its tracked chassis 74 of a newly constructed ballast bed from a base made of geotextile or geogrid 64, a first layer 66 of sand 67 and a second layer 68 of new ballast 44.

How out Fig. 8 can be seen, the excavating machine 10 'in the working direction x upstream of a first trolley 94 for sand and gravel supply. The first dolly 94 for sand and gravel supply is equipped with both a crawler track 96 and a rail chassis 98. The first transport carriage 94 has a carriage floor 100 with a first conveyor belt 101 spanning this for temporary storage of excavated material from old gravel 42 and an intermediate floor 102 arranged above the carriage floor 100 in the form of two conveyor belts 104, 106 guided parallel to one another in the carriage longitudinal direction for the intermediate storage of sand 67 and Neuschotter 44 on. The intermediate bottom 102 is adjustable via hydraulic cylinder 108 in height. During the crossing by rail from a gravel and sand loading place to one Workplace, the intermediate bottom 102 is lowered in order to keep the center of gravity S as low as possible ( Fig. 9 ). In operation, the intermediate bottom 102 is raised to provide the largest possible intermediate storage space for the excavated material ( Fig. 10 ). The feeding of the excavation of old ballast 42 is carried out by the excavating machine 10 'on the conveyor belt 32 on the car floor 100 or on the car floor 100 lying conveyor belt 101. The supply of sand 67 and Neuschotter from the intermediate floor 102 of the first transport vehicle 94 for sand and Ballast distribution machine 70 via other conveyor belts 110, 112 in the conveyor belts 35, 36 upstream silos 37, 38th

The sand and ballast distribution machine 70, the excavating machine 10 'and the first transport carriage 94 for sand and ballast supply are moved synchronously and at the same speed in the working direction x during the working operation.

Once the first dolly 94 of sand 67 and Neuschotter 44 unloaded and loaded at the same time with old ballast 42, the excavation is interrupted and the car 94 travels on the ballast 41 from old gravel 42 to a parked at a free track end 57 second transport vehicle 114 to the sand - and ballast feeder back. About the car floor 100 forming conveyor belt 101 and an adjoining this further conveyor belt 103, the excavation of old ballast 42 from the first trolley 94 is reloaded into the ready second trolley 114. At the same time sand 67 and Neuschotter 44 is reloaded from the second trolley 114 in the first trolley 94. The freshly loaded with sand 67 and Neuschotter 44 first dolly 94 then moves back to the excavator 10 'back.

At the in Fig. 11 shown variant of the transport away from excavation in the and the supply of sand and Neuschotter from the first trolley 94 for sand and gravel supply a third trolley 116 is used as a shuttle between the now in the excavating machine 10 'remaining first trolley 94 and the second trolley 114 , In this shuttle operation, the excavating machine 10 'can promote the maximum power without interruption.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

excavating machine

12

mobile pedestal

14

crawler track

16

track undercarriage

18

swivel tower

20

swivel arm

22

screw conveyor

23

Planierschild

24

Drive from 22

25

compressor

26

Ballast

28

compressor

30

conveyor belt

32

conveyor belt

34

conveyor belt

35

conveyor belt

36

conveyor belt

37

Silo an35

38

Silo at 36

39

Lifting cylinder on 20

40

Drive and power unit

41

Ballast bedding from old gravel

42

old ballast

43

Ballast bed of cleaned gravel or new ballast

44

cleaned gravel or new ballast

45

Gravel subgrade

46

substructure

47

Excavation Planum

48

first dolly

49

tailings

50

crawler track

52

track undercarriage

54

cleaning unit

56

Conveyor belt as bottom of 48

57

free end of track

58

second dolly

60

Conveyor belt at 48

62

third transport cart

64

Base made of geotextile or geogrid

66

Layer of sand

67

sand

68

Neuchotter layer 44

70

Gravel and sand distribution machine

72

mobile pedestal

74

crawler track

76

track undercarriage

78

swivel tower

80

swivel arm

82

Ballast

84

sand silo

86

silo

88

silo

90

conveyor belt

92

conveyor belt

94

first dolly

96

crawler track

98

track undercarriage

100

car floor

101

conveyor belt

102

false floor

103

conveyor belt

104

conveyor belt

106

conveyor belt

108

hydraulic cylinders

110

conveyor belt

112

conveyor belt

114

second dolly

116

third transport cart

118

Protractor for the rotation angle of z

120

Protractor for the rotation angle of y

122

computer unit

124

keyboard

126

diskette

x

working direction

s

main emphasis

y

pitch axis

z

vertical axis

Claims (12)

1. A method for the continuous renewal of a ballast bed (41) of a track from which the rails and sleepers have been removed, by carrying away old ballast (42) and depositing cleaned ballast or new ballast (44) on the substrate (46) from which the old ballast (42) has been removed, in which method a removal device (22) which can travel in the working direction (x) continuously picks up the old ballast (42) of the ballast bed (41), the excavated material is conveyed away from the excavation region and possibly passed on for ballast cleaning and at the same time cleaned ballast or new ballast (44) is continuously deposited in the working direction (x) on the substrate (46) from which the old ballast (42) has been removed, to form a new ballast bed (43),
   wherein
   the removal device (22), as part of an excavating machine (10, 10') traveling in the working direction (x) on the old ballast bed (41), is arranged downstream of the running gear (14, 16) of the excavating machine (10, 10'),
   characterized in that
   the old ballast (42), which is carried away by the removal device (22) from the ballast bed (41), is conveyed as excavated material in the working direction (x) into a first transport carriage (48), which is provided before the excavating machine (10, 10') and can travel on the old ballast bed (41), and the cleaned ballast or the new ballast (44) is conveyed from the first transport carriage (48) counter to the working direction (x) after the removal device (22) and deposited onto the substrate (46) from which the old ballast (42) has been removed,
   in that the first transport carriage (48, 94) oscillates, for loading and/or unloading, between the excavating machine (10, 10') and a second transport carriage (58, 114) which is positioned on a track (57) ending at the ballast bed (41) to be removed and provided for the supply and removal of materials or
   in that the first transport carriage (48, 94) remains stationary at the excavating machine (10, 10') and a third transport carriage (62, 116) oscillates, for loading and/or unloading, between the first transport carriage (48, 94) and a second transport carriage (58, 114) which is positioned on a track (57) ending at the ballast bed (41) to be removed and provided for the supply and removal of materials.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the first transport carriage (48) comprises a ballast cleaning unit (54) and the old ballast (42), which is conveyed from the removal device (22), is cleaned in the ballast cleaning unit (54) and the cleaned ballast (44) is conveyed back after the removal device (22) and deposited onto the substrate (46) from which the old ballast (42) has been removed and which is covered by an underlay (64) made of geotextile or geogrid.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first transport carriage (94) contains new ballast (44) and sand (67) separately from each other and new ballast (44) and sand (67) are conveyed from the first transport carriage (94) separately after the removal device (22) and deposited as separate layers (66, 68) onto the substrate (46) from which the old ballast (42) has been removed.
4. An arrangement for carrying out the method as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized by an excavating machine (10, 10') which can travel on the old ballast bed (41) in the working direction (x) and has a removal device (22) which is arranged downstream of the running gear (14, 16) of the excavating machine (10, 10'), at least one transport carriage (48, 94) for loading and/or unloading with/of materials which are produced/required during renewal of a ballast bed (41), optionally a ballast and sand distributing machine (70), and also conveying means for transporting the materials which are produced/required during renewal of a ballast bed (41).
5. The arrangement as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the removal device (22) of the excavating machine (10, 10') and a ballast silo (26) provided for the depositing of ballast (44) are arranged on a swivel arm (20) which can swivel about a vertical axis of rotation (z) and a horizontal pitch axis (y).
6. The arrangement as claimed in claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the removal device (22) is a feed screw or an impeller wheel.
7. The arrangement as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that one of the transport carriages (48) comprises a ballast cleaning unit (54).
8. The arrangement as claimed in one of the claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the transport carriage (92, 114, 116) has a first loading plane (100) for the interim storage of excavated material and a second loading plane (102) arranged above the first loading plane (100) for the interim storage of new ballast (44) and/or sand (67) and the second loading plane (102) for the supply of new ballast (44) and/or sand (67) can be lowered for the purposes of lowering the center of gravity (S) of the transport carriage (94, 114, 116) and can be raised above the first loading plane (100) for increasing the size of the loading volume which is provided for the interim storage of excavated material.
9. The arrangement as claimed in one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the loading surfaces (100, 102) of the transport carriages (48, 94, 114, 116) are embodied as conveyor belts (56, 101, 104, 106).
10. The arrangement as claimed in one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that the ballast and sand distributing machine (70) comprises a swivel arm (80) which can swivel about a vertical axis of rotation (z) and a horizontal pitch axis (y) and two silos (82, 84), which are provided for the depositing of sand (67) and new ballast (44), are arranged on the swivel arm (80).
11. The arrangement as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that the silos (82, 84) are equipped at their lower end with a compressor (83, 85).
12. The arrangement as claimed in one of claims 4 to 11, characterized in that the machines and vehicles which are provided for traveling on the ballast bed (41, 43) and on tracks (57), in particular the excavating machine (10, 10'), the ballast and sand distributing machine (70) and the transport carriages (48, 58, 62, 94, 114, 116), are equipped with an alternately usable tracked running gear (14, 50, 74, 96) and a rail running gear (16, 52, 76, 98).

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