EP0255564B1 - Machine for replacing or renewing the rails and sleepers of an existing track - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A travelling machine for the continuous replacement or renewal of a laid track consisting of rails and sleepers comprising an elongate, bridge-like machine frame which is monted at either end on on-track undercarriages and which consists of two frame section spreadable against one another by vertically and horizontally acting, hydraulic pivoting and locking drives and interconnected by a frame coupling in the region of an intermediate on-track undercarriage vertically displaceable by the spreading effect the two undercarriages for lifting and spreading the old rails, for taking up the old sleepers, for grading the trackless part of the ballast bed, for laying the new sleepers on the graded bed and for spreading and laying the new rails on the new sleepers, characterized in that the ballast grading unit is formed by an endless ballast clearing and grading chain (31) which is designed to grade and, at the same time, trim only that layer or surface (30) of ballast remains after lifting to the rails (3) and in that a ballast conveyor system (42) associated at its receiving end (46) with the ballast clearing and grading chain (31) is arranged on the rear frame section (14) - in the working direction - of the bridge-like machine frame (10) equipped with the rear on-track undercarriage (9), the ballast conveyor system (42) being associated at its discharge end with a ballast distributing unit (43, 56, 67) designed for the measured introduction of the ballast taken up at the ends of the newly laid sleepers behind the rear on-track undercarriage of the rear frame section (14).

Description

The invention relates to a mobile machine for the continuous replacement or renewal of a track consisting of rails and sleepers, with an elongated bridge-shaped machine frame, which is mounted on the end of each on rail bogies and which consists of two frame parts that can be expanded against one another by means of hydraulic pivoting and blocking drives which are effective in vertical and horizontal directions consists of an intermediate rail undercarriage - adjustable in height due to the expansion effect - via a frame joint, as well as with devices arranged between the two undercarriages for lifting and spreading the rail, for picking up the old sleepers, for leveling the trackless bedding area, for laying the new sleepers on the leveled bedding and for spreading and laying the new rails on the new sleepers.

It is - according to AT-PS 316 614 by the same applicant - a mobile system for the continuous renewal of the rails and sleepers of a track with simultaneous cleaning of the ballast bed by means of several working vehicles combined to form a track renewal train. The front-facing work vehicle in the working direction, designed to bridge the track gap, is made up of three parts Gravel is provided. On the front part of the machine there is an old sleeper pick-up device and on the rear part a new sleeper storage device with corresponding devices for transporting the sleepers. On the rear, second working vehicle, devices are provided for fastening the newly laid rails to the sleepers, as well as a hopper for emptying the cleaned ballast, which can also be designed as a ballast reservoir. A ballast conveyor belt for transporting the cleaned ballast into the sleeper compartments of the newly laid track is arranged between the cleaning screen and the hopper. This known system from the applicant has proven itself as the first track renewal train formed from connected vehicles for a continuously progressing renewal of the entire track - i.e. both the replacement of the sleepers and the rails as well as the cleaning of the ballast bed. A track laid with this system is generally not yet sufficiently precise and permanent to be able to drive on it at a higher speed. After working through, this track is brought into a more precise position with a track leveling and straightening machine in a further work step and fixed in this position by stuffing the sleepers. This known system is very extensive due to the many work vehicles and in particular has a large overall length, which on the other hand, in particular due to the caterpillar vehicles, the previously made formation during excavation of the entire ballast bed is at least partially impaired in level accuracy depending on the load and speed. As a result, the sleepers are not always laid exactly, which means that the rail fastening is also not always quick and trouble-free. Another disadvantage is that the ballast is supplied on the newly installed sleepers in an area in which the rails are not yet completely on the new sleepers, whereby the individual gravel grains both an accurate sleeper and rail laying as well as the further Attachment of the rails with the sleepers can be a hindrance.

According to AT-PS 377 551 by the same applicant, Est is also known to use a conveyor or clearing chain for picking up and leveling the ballast for ballast bed cleaning machines, which chain is used to increase the removal and conveying capacity with a bent end region of the chain guide Longitudinal tracks are formed. Such ballast clearing and leveling chains have chain links which are pivotally or rotatably connected to one another at their respective connecting joint about two mutually perpendicular axes, and in the bent end region of the chain guide longitudinal track guide elements are provided for the longitudinal guidance of the chain over the region of its spatial direction change are. With this type of ballast clearing and leveling chains, a particularly good leveling effect can be achieved due to the chain guide or machining, which is approximately parallel to the track level, with a level of ballast bed surface that is already very precise being achieved as a result.

It is - according to AT-PS 353 816 by the same applicant - a further mobile device for the continuous laying or receiving sleepers of a track with or without cleaning the ballast bed is known, in which several continuously movable work vehicles are combined to form a track renewal train. The work vehicle, which is at the rear in the working direction and is intended for bridging the track construction gap, comprises both the devices for receiving the old sleepers and depositing the new sleepers, which are transported in and out in the same direction, namely in the working direction, and between the two undercarriages This work vehicle arranged devices for lifting and spreading the old rails and spreading and laying the new rails on the new sleepers. Furthermore, an endless ballast clearing and leveling chain is provided on the machine frame within the conversion gap in the area of an auxiliary undercarriage or a height-adjustable caterpillar undercarriage for leveling and simultaneous lateral displacement of the ballast surface remaining when the sleepers are lifted, which according to a preferred embodiment a cleaning screen is assigned. A ballast distribution chute is also connected to the discharge side for throwing off the ballast ballast. The ballast clearing and leveling chain is formed by a chain guide cross track and two chain guide longitudinal tracks and can be adjusted or used with its transverse run directly in front of the caterpillar chain via a hydraulic cylinder-piston drive attached to the machine frame. The relatively large overall length of this system is just as disadvantageous as is the fact that the track surface that has already been produced by the ballast clearing and leveling chain changes or disrupts the position of the ballast surface, so that the new sleepers that are deposited afterwards are not always accurately laid can. In addition, the recorded ballast is also distributed directly to the deposited new sleepers via the ballast distribution device, which makes the subsequent placement of the new rails by gravel gravel and the like more difficult again, so that the subsequent fastening between rails and sleepers takes place with this relatively imprecise location and the intervening gravel is not always feasible.

It is now - according to AT-PS 351 o69 by the same applicant - a mobile device for the continuous replacement or renewal of a track consisting of rails and sleepers known, which is characterized in particular by the fact that the provided in the area of the conversion machine or the main conversion part by a continuous and at the end only on elongated bridge-shaped support frames, which consists of two, via vertical and horizontal hydraulic pivoting and bocking drives effective against each other expandable frame parts. These two frame parts are connected to one another or adjustable with respect to one another in the area of an intermediate rail undercarriage which is height-adjustable due to the spreading action and which is provided for transfer journeys, and can be supported by a leveling plow arrangement arranged in front of the intermediate undercarriage in the conversion gap. Between the two trolleys, the devices for lifting and spreading the old rails, for receiving the old sleepers, for leveling the trackless bedding area, the aforementioned leveling plow arrangement, for laying the new sleepers on the leveled bedding and for laying the new rails on the new sleepers are provided. With this training, the same applicant has for the first time succeeded in creating a compact machine with a relatively short overall length, which has arranged essentially the same devices which are required for changing or renewing the rails and sleepers of a track. This plant basically allows a much more precise laying of the new sleepers on the manufactured, by the action of caterpillar tracks or the like through the planting arrangement. gravel subgrade no longer disadvantageously changeable. The disadvantage here is, however, that the excess ballast accumulated by the plow arrangement on the side areas of the ballast bed remains in the course of this method, and these ballast accumulations are relatively different in scope and position in relation to the stimulus area of the newly laid sleepers depending on the existing ballast conditions. This can also lead to disruptions in the precise placement of the sleepers, and in addition this ballast in the area of the flanks must also be profiled or removed again by its own machines. The described plow arrangement of the aforementioned mobile device only has the task of leveling, compacting and profiling the ballast bed. For example, with different heights transverse to the ballast bed, so that parallel ballast banks are created on the track axis, on which the new sleepers are laid. In order to be able to produce a perfect track with this mobile device, this device must in any case be followed by other machines, for example ballast bed side plows or ballast distributing devices and machines with devices for fastening the new rails, so that only afterwards can the track be driven at a higher speed is.

Finally, it is furthermore - as advertisement in the journal "Railway Gazette Intemational" February 1985, pages 12 _0/121 - a formation rehabilitation facility in connection with a stuffing. Lifting and straightening unit from the same applicant for the continuous removal of the old ballast ballast and the introduction of a new sand and ballast layer. In this system, the central main machine, located above the conversion gap, also has a machine frame, which is supported at the ends on rail bogies, which consists of two frame parts which are articulated and have a height-adjustable intermediate rail bogie in the area of this joint. In this system, an endless ballast clearing and leveling chain is provided in the area in front of this intermediate rail undercarriage, which has a chain guide cross track and two chain guide longitudinal tracks and with which the entire bedding material is excavated and transported away via a conveyor. A compressor for compacting the earth level is arranged downstream of the transverse run of this ballast clearing and leveling chain. This system includes further work vehicles and facilities for the introduction of a gravel-sand mixture onto the exposed earth level as well as facilities for the further introduction of new ballast onto the gravel-sand mixture and finally a tamping and track lifting unit to the same in the same Work in a continuous way to stuff the new ballast below the sleepers. This system has proven itself in practice, but of course requires particularly powerful transport facilities for the sand and Gravel. The sleepers and rails are not renewed here, but a relatively shorter overall length has resulted from the use of the two frame parts of the machine frame, which are connected to one another in an articulated manner, in this system, which is particularly large in length.

The object of the invention is to provide a mobile machine for the continuous replacement or renewal of the rails and sleepers of a laid track of the type described above, with which a more precise and faster laying or replacement process can be achieved and which by the two against each other expandable frame parts and the arrangement of the height-adjustable intermediate rail undercarriage achievable advantages should also be retained with regard to the solid and compact shorter construction, in order to create a much more stable and more accurate ballast bed support after the replacement of the rails and the sleepers.

The object of the invention is now achieved with the mobile machine described at the outset in that the ballast leveling device is formed by an endless ballast clearing and leveling chain provided for leveling and simultaneous milling only of the uneven ballast layer or surface provided when the sleepers are lifted off and that on the rear in relation to the working direction, equipped with the rear rail chassis frame part of the bridge-shaped machine frame is arranged with its receiving end of the ballast clearing and leveling chain ballast conveyor device, which is assigned with its discharge end a ballast distribution device which is used for the distributed introduction of the gravel is formed in the area of the ends of the newly laid sleepers behind the rear rail undercarriage of the rear frame part.

A mobile machine designed according to the invention has the advantage, in addition to a particularly compact and short construction, of enabling the sleepers and rails of a track to be replaced in a particularly precise manner, since when leveling and simultaneous milling, only the ballast layer remaining when the sleepers are lifted off can be picked up and transported backwards against the working direction in the same operation or thrown back onto the newly laid sleepers. Since the thrown-off of this ballast in relation to the working direction now takes place behind the rear rail undercarriage of the rear frame part and there are no further loads in front of this area by caterpillar tracks and the like, the precise ballast bed surface once created is no longer adversely changed, so that overall a more precise and faster and in particular more economical replacement of the sleepers and rails of a track can be achieved. There is also the additional advantage that - due to the new sleepers laid on the precisely manufactured ballast surface and the new rails resting on them and the weight of the rear rail undercarriage with the machine frame supported on them - targeted pre-compaction - before the ballast is dropped is achievable. Furthermore, no gravel parts or grains can get unwanted below the sleepers or between the sleepers and the rails, which often give rise to malfunctions and inaccurate working methods. Within the scope of the invention, the ballast transported backwards via the conveying device can be thrown off directly behind the rear rail undercarriage of the rear frame part or can be transported further backwards, for example over other vehicles. Even other vehicles attached to the machine, due to the weight of these vehicles via their rail carriages - before the ballast is dropped - further pre-compaction via the rails through the sleepers.

According to an advantageous further development of the invention, the clearing and leveling chain, which is provided with a chain guide cross track and two chain guide longitudinal tracks and is endlessly rotatable via a drive, is arranged in the area in front of the intermediate rail running gear in the working direction and with its transverse tower Height-adjustable via a hydraulic cylinder-piston drive attached to the front frame part in the working direction, the longitudinal chain guide tracks preferably being designed with a bent end region. With the use of a ballast clearing and leveling chain designed in this way, since furthermore only the ballast remaining when the sleepers are lifted off is taken up, a ballast surface that is continuously accurate in the direction transverse to the track and in the longitudinal direction of the track is created. The design of the chain itself in cross section can be kept smaller, since no total excavation of the ballast is required. It is particularly advantageous when using a ballast clearing and leveling chain, as is used in newer ballast bed cleaning machines and whose chain guide longitudinal tracks are designed with a bent end area, that a particularly good and improved leveling effect can be achieved, which results in an even better quality of the level. Gravel surface results.

A further embodiment of the invention consists in that the clearing and leveling chain, preferably in the area of its chain guide cross track, is assigned a height-adjustable leveling and compacting device which is of the same length and is preferably articulated to it. With this design, a pre-compaction can be practically achieved with the subordinate leveling and compacting device in the same work step, as a result of which an even more compact, precise ballast bed surface can be achieved as a rich and compact underlay for storing the new sleepers.

According to another advantageous feature arrangement is the ballast distribution device with controllable outlet openings or chutes - to the ballast outlet in relation to the working direction behind the rear rail chassis - formed. Due to the special arrangement of the outlet openings of the ballast distributing device, the free areas before the ends of the sleepers up to the lateral end of excavation of the ballast clearing and leveling chain can be completely filled with ballast in the same operation, so that sufficient ballast at these points in the same machine with this machine according to the invention Work step can be placed in order to ensure adequate compression or tamping of the sleepers when subsequently using tamping and compaction machines.

According to a particularly expedient embodiment of the invention, the ballast conveyor device is formed by an endless ballast longitudinal conveyor belt extending over the entire length of the second rear frame part, the receiving end of which is assigned directly to the upper end region of the clearing and leveling chain and the discharge end of which is above the ballast distribution Device is arranged. With this measure, a particularly simple bridging between ballast pick-up and ballast distribution is created, the advantageous space conditions of the two mutually spreadable frame parts having an even greater effect, in particular, through the arrangement of the ballast conveyor device in the upper end region of the second rear frame part.

According to a further, particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the ballast distributing device is connected to a ballast accumulator or is designed as a ballast accumulator, in which case the distributed ballast is distributed in the area behind the rail running gear in addition to the two lateral ones, preferably also by short transverse Continuous belts formed ballast outlets are provided one or more middle ballast outlets. Through the "storage" arrangement or training, a particularly advantageous adaptation to the given track and ballast conditions can be achieved in the same work step, with practically continuous metered ballast of the track grate lying on the previously leveled ballast bed, depending on the ballast requirement. In addition to the two lateral ballast outlets, which are also formed, for example, by short transverse endless conveyor belts, the ballast storage can expediently be used to drop ballast distributed over one or more ballast outlets, leaving these areas with sufficient ballast for the subsequent use of tamping units and / or flank compressors.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the ballast distributing device is provided on the machine frame above the rear rail undercarriage on the rear frame part immediately in front of an operator's cabin arranged thereon. This arrangement has the advantage that the distributed ballast delivery - but also the quality of the ballast surface produced - can be monitored and controlled in a targeted manner from the cabin. The arrangement of the ballast distributing device directly above the rear rail undercarriage has the advantage of being directly behind the rear rail undercarriage, since in this area, due to the weight loading of the rail undercarriage, no gravel grains can get inadvertently between the rail and threshold or sleepers and the ballast surface produced during the ballast distribution process .

A further embodiment of the invention consists in that above the ballast distributing device, at least partially for optional forwarding of the ballast picked up, a deflection member and another endless longitudinal conveyor belt projecting upwards beyond the cabin, preferably laterally pivotable and displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the track, is arranged. This can ensure that if there is too much gravel picked up, it can be transported away to the cabin and the further longitudinal conveyor belt. However, this also has the advantage that, when this additional endless longitudinal conveyor belt is designed with a drive for both directions of conveyance, even additional ballast can be supplied to the ballast store, since the upper ballast layer remaining after the old sleepers have been removed is often only relatively small there is little gravel.

According to a particularly advantageous and preferred embodiment of the invention, the machine frame is connected to a vehicle equipped with rail bogies, which between the two rail bogies with devices for fastening the new rails and in the area or above the front or rear rail bogies of this vehicle with a ballast distribution device with lateral and optionally also middle ballast outlets, and is equipped with endless conveyor belts arranged in the upper region of the vehicle machine frame to form a conveyor belt line. With a machine designed in this way, the actual replacement work in relation to the sleepers and rails as well as the immediately subsequent work for fastening the rails to the sleepers can be carried out in a particularly economical and precise manner practically in one operation and in a continuous work sequence. In addition to the rapid and precise method of operation that can be achieved, the advantage is achieved that enough ballast can already be fed between the sleepers and in particular in the stimulating area of the sleepers in the same operation in order to finish the subsequent use of leveling track tamping and straightening machines or also with flank compacting units of the track in the exact target position. With this design, the advantage is also achieved that separate underfloor cabins for fastening the rails with the new sleepers to the vehicle machine frame with conveyor belts for the transport of the individual fasteners - for a quick and accurate implementation of this track construction work - can be provided. This also increases the overall performance. Within the scope of the invention there is also the possibility of providing only one ballast distribution device, which is advantageously designed as a storage device, which, as described, is advantageously arranged in the area or above the rear rail chassis of this further vehicle becomes.

Advantageously, also within the scope of the invention, if the above-described further vehicle is arranged above the ballast distributing device of the vehicle arranged downstream in the working direction, a deflection member and an endless longitudinal conveyor belt, preferably laterally pivotable and preferably displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the track, can be arranged, at least partially, for optional forwarding of the ballast that has been picked up, as a result of which too much ballast taken up can be removed in a simple manner, for example via downstream ballast silos and the like.

According to a further advantageous feature arrangement, the front of the frame part, which is equipped with a front rail running gear in relation to the working direction, is articulated with its end on a preceding transport work vehicle, the front rail running gear, which can also be lifted off the rail level by the spreading action and the spreading effect lies in the end area of the front frame part in front of this joint bearing point. Through this design, the entire longitudinal rail area, which is limited by the devices for lifting and spreading the old or new rails - due to the rail carriages arranged at the ends in each case - is further extended in its longitudinal extent, which on the one hand advantageously also includes very heavy rails less deflection, but can be used with a sufficiently large increase for the replacement process. On the other hand, the space available within the two rail bogies that delimit this longitudinal rail area, i.e. improved between the rearmost rail undercarriage arranged on the rear frame part and the rear rail undercarriage of the preceding work vehicle, for example for trouble-free working of the various devices.

Finally, according to a further feature of the invention, the front frame part is connected to the plateau of the transport work vehicle via a bridge for the arrangement of a crane carriageway for moving a gantry crane for the transport of the old and new sleepers. This measure ensures simple and rapid transport of the old and new sleepers, or the front frame part provided with the front rail running gear is practically extended in its entire longitudinal extent or raised by the spreading effect. As a result, this expanded area can be used advantageously for the replacement process or the arrangement of the various devices.

The invention is described below with reference to a preferred embodiment shown in the drawing with several variants.

• Fig.1 einen in Bezug zur Arbeitsrichtung vorderen Teil einer durch die Fig.1 und 2 dargestellten fahrbaren Maschine zum kontinuierlichen Auswechseln der Schienen und Schwellen eines Gleises mit einer Vorrichutng zur Aufnahme der Altschwellen in Seitenansicht,
• Fig.2 den hinteren Teil der Maschine in Seitenansicht mit einer Schotterräum- und Planierkette, einer Schotterförder-Einrichtung, einem Zwischen-Schienenfahrwerk und einer Neuschwellen-Ablegevorrichtung sowie einer Schotterverteil-Vorrichtung,
• Fig.3 einen Querschnitt nach Linie 111-111 der Fig.2 in vergrößertem Maßstab mit der Schotterverteil-Vorrichtung und der Schotterförder-Einrichtung und
• Fig.4 eine weitere erfindungsgemäße Ausführung - teilsweise in Abänderung zu den Fig.1 und 2 - mit einem der Maschine in Arbeitungsrichtung nachgeordneten Fahrzeug mit Vorrichtungen zum Befestigen der Neuschienen und einer dieser Vorrichtungen nachgeordneten Schotterverteil-Vorrichtung, sowie einer weiteren, schematisch angedeuteten Ausführungsvariante mit einer den Schienen-Befestigungsvorrichtungen in Arbeitsrichtung vorgeordneten Schotterverteil-Vorrichtung.

Show it:

• 1 shows a part of a front of a mobile machine represented by FIGS. 1 and 2 for the continuous replacement of the rails and sleepers of a track with a device for receiving the old sleepers in a side view,
• 2 the rear part of the machine in a side view with a ballast clearing and leveling chain, a ballast conveyor device, an intermediate rail carriage and a new sleeper laying device and a ballast distribution device,
• 3 shows a cross section along line 111-111 of FIG. 2 on an enlarged scale with the ballast distribution device and the ballast conveying device and
• 4 shows a further embodiment according to the invention - partly in a modification to FIGS. 1 and 2 - with a vehicle downstream of the machine in the working direction with devices for fastening the new rails and a ballast distribution device downstream of these devices, as well as a further, schematically indicated embodiment variant with a ballast distributing device upstream of the rail fastening devices in the working direction.

1 to 3, the mobile machine 1 is for continuous dismantling of an old track 4 formed from rails 2 and cross sleepers 3 made of wood and for simultaneous relocation of a new rails 5 and new cross sleepers 6 track 7 made of concrete. The machine 1 has an elongated, bridge-shaped machine frame 1o, which is mounted on the rail carriages 8 and 9 at the ends. This consists of two frame parts 13 and 14 that can be expanded against each other via hydraulic swiveling and blocking drives 11 and 12 that are effective in the vertical and horizontal directions, which in the area of an intermediate rail undercarriage 15 that can be adjusted or raised by the spreading effect and can be lifted off the rail level Frame joint 16 are interconnected. The front end of the front frame part 13 in the working direction according to arrow 17 is mounted on an upstream work vehicle 18 via a joint 19, whereby the rail chassis 8 connected to the front frame part 13 also lifts above the rail level by the spreading action of the pivoting and blocking drives 11 and 12 - or lowerable. The front frame part 13 is here with the plateau 20 of the other work vehicle 18 via a bridge 21 for the arrangement of a crane drive track 22 for moving a portal crane 23 connected. The portal crane 23 is connected to height-adjustable sleeper gripping and rotating devices 24 for the further transport of the old and new sleepers. Conveyors 25, 26 for the removal of the wooden sleepers 3 or the transport of the concrete sleepers 6 to and from the gantry crane 23 are also arranged on the frame part 13 of the machine frame 10, and also devices 27 for lifting and spreading the old and new rails 2 and 5. At the right end of the drawing of the front machine part shown in FIG. 1, a device 28 for lifting the old sleepers 3 can be seen.

As can be seen in FIG. 2, a ballast leveling device 29 is arranged for leveling the trackless bedding area on the machine frame 1o, which - provided for leveling and simultaneous milling - only the ballast layer or surface 3o remaining when the wooden sleepers 3 are lifted off - endless ballast clearing and leveling chain 31 is formed. The clearing and leveling chain 31, which is provided with a chain guide cross track 32 and two chain guide longitudinal tracks 33 and is endlessly rotatable via a drive 34 for leveling and hoisting the ballast, is in the working area in front of the intermediate rail carriage 15 - for processing over the whole Width of the ballast bed arranged. The clearing and leveling chain 31 can be adjusted in height and on the side with its transverse strand via hydraulic cylinder-piston drives 35 attached to the front frame part 13 in the working direction, with the chain guide longitudinal tracks 33 in particular being designed with a bent end region 36. The chain links 37 of the clearing and leveling chain 31 are - for this purpose - as indicated by dashed lines in Fig. 2 and 3, pivotally connected to each other at their respective connecting joint about two mutually perpendicular axes 38 and 39 respectively. In the bent end region 36 there are guide elements for guiding the chain over the region of its change of direction. As a result of this design, the bent end region 36 of the clearing and leveling chain 31 is held or guided with its chain guide approximately parallel to the track level and a significantly improved precise and permanent ballast surface 4o is achieved during processing. The broaching and leveling chain 31 is also assigned a height-adjustable leveling and compacting device 41, which is expediently formed in the area of its chain guide transverse track 32, transversely to the track in the same length, and is connected to it in an articulated manner.

As FIG. 2 shows, in relation to the working direction rear frame part 14 of the bridge-shaped machine frame 1o equipped with the rear rail running gear 9, a ballast conveyor device 42 is arranged, which with its receiving end of the ballast clearing and leveling chain 31 and with its discharge end a ballast distribution Device 43 is assigned. The ballast distribution device 43, which is arranged on the machine frame 1o and is provided for the distributed introduction of the ballast picked up by the ballast clearing and leveling chain 31 in the region of the ends of the newly laid concrete sleepers 6, is here with adjustable outlet openings 44 - for the ballast outlet in relation to the working direction behind the rear rail chassis 9 - trained. The ballast conveyor device 42 is expediently formed by an endless ballast longitudinal conveyor belt 45 which extends over the entire length of the second rear frame part 14, the receiving end 46 of which directly at the upper end region of the ballast-promoting clearing and leveling chain 31 and its discharge end above the ballast distributing device 43 is arranged. The ballast distribution device 43 is designed in particular as ballast storage, which is expediently provided with central ballast outlets 47 in addition to the two adjustable ballast outlet openings 44 in the area behind the rear rail running gear 9 for the distributed delivery of the ballast which has been picked up and transported by the longitudinal conveyor belt 45 . The ballast distributing device 43 itself is provided in the rear area on the rear frame part 14 of the machine frame 10 above the rear rail chassis 9 and directly in front of an operator's cab 48 arranged on this frame part 14.

As can also be seen in FIG. 2, a device 49 for laying the new concrete sleepers 6 on the leveled ballast bed surface 4o is provided on the rear frame part 14 immediately behind the intermediate rail undercarriage 15, following a sleeper turning device indicated in dashed lines. At the two frame parts 13 and 14 of the machine frame 1 ₀ are further arranged devices 27 and 5o for lifting and spreading the old rails 2 and for spreading and laying the new rails 5 Both the already dissolved from the wood sleepers 3 old rails 2 as the not yet with the new concrete sleepers 6 connected new rails 5 are in the area of the two rail carriages 8 and 9 limited track construction gap by this - formed from height and side-adjustable rail guides gene - devices 27 and 5o in terms of height and laterally spread apart. The ballast clearing and leveling chain 31 can also be raised and lowered within the area of these spread old and new rails 2 and 5 onto the ballast bed previously exposed by the sleepers via the hydraulic cylinder-piston drive 35. As can be seen from the right-hand part of FIG. 2, a deflection member 51 is provided above the ballast distribution device 43 designed as ballast storage for selectively forwarding the ballast transported by the endless longitudinal conveyor belt 45 to a further endless longitudinal conveyor belt 52 protruding beyond the operator cabin 48 . This longitudinal conveyor belt 52 can be swiveled laterally, in order to drop the ballast onto a ballast silo that can be moved on the siding and is advantageously - as indicated by dashed lines - telescopically retractable in order, if necessary, as with full li not shown in the drawing, to be extended via the cabin 48 in order to supply the ballast to a ballast transport vehicle attached to the machine or to a leveling track tamping and straightening machine connected to the machine 1, which is designed with a ballast distribution device.

The further embodiment variant of the mobile machine 1 according to the invention shown in FIG. 4 - for the continuous replacement of the rails 2 and sleepers 3 of the track 4 - relates to further configurations following the end of the right machine area shown in FIG. 2. This machine end area shown on the left in FIG. 4 is designed within the scope of the invention either with the ballast distribution device 43 shown in dashed lines and already described or without this device. The corresponding parts shown are given the same reference numerals as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2. The machine 1 comprises a vehicle 55 connected to the machine frame 1 with the frame part 14 and the operator cabin 48 arranged at the end thereof, with rail carriages 53, 54. The vehicle 55 has, above the rear running gear 54 in relation to the working direction according to arrow 17, a ballast distributing device 56, which is preferably essentially of the same type and is also designed as a ballast accumulator, as described in FIG. 2, which also has lateral and middle ballast outlets 57 , 58 is equipped. Above the ballast distributing device 56 there is also a deflecting member 59 for selectively forwarding the picked up ballast of the ballast transported from the longitudinal conveyor belt 52 via further longitudinal conveyor belts 6o, 61 arranged on the vehicle 55 to another longitudinal conveyor belt 63 projecting over a cabin 62. The longitudinal conveyor belt is also laterally pivotable and telescopically retractable in the longitudinal direction of the track. Devices 64 for fastening the installed new rails 5 with the concrete sleepers 6 are provided between the two rail carriages 53 and 54 of the vehicle 55. These devices 64 are on the underside of the vehicle machine frame 65 of the vehicle 55 as in the machine longitudinal direction one behind the other and in the cross-track direction in pairs arranged under the two rails 5 of the track 7 underfloor cabins 66 for receiving these height and length-adjustable rail fastening devices 64 - for fastening the Rail fastening means or elements on the concrete sleepers 6 - provided. The longitudinal conveyor belts 60 and 61 of the vehicle 55 arranged and fastened above the vehicle machine frame 65 form, with the longitudinal conveyor belt 45 arranged above the ballast distributing device 43 or the cabin 48 on the frame part 14, a ballast conveyor belt line, via which ballast to the connected vehicle 55 arranged ballast distributing device 56 or via the deflection member 59 on the side pivotable longitudinal conveyor belt can be fed. Within the scope of the invention, of course, only one ballast distributor device, which is designed as a storage device, can be arranged, so that the left part, which is shown in FIG. 4 or in FIG. 2 as the right end part of the machine, is not a ballast distributor device has arranged, but only a longitudinal conveyor belt 45, which bridges the distance between the rear undercarriage 9 and the front undercarriage 53 of the vehicle 55 in order to feed the picked up ballast only to the ballast distribution device 56 assigned to the vehicle 55.

As can be seen in FIG. 4 on the left-hand part of the vehicle 55 in heavily dashed lines, within the scope of the invention, instead of the described ballast distributing device 56 or 43, a ballast distributing device 67 which is also expediently connected to a larger ballast storage device and which has lateral and if necessary, middle ballast outlets are provided - also directly behind the front rail undercarriage 53 in the working direction or in front of the rail fastening devices 64. The ballast storage or this ballast distribution device 67 can expediently be continuously supplied with ballast from the longitudinal conveyor belt 60. In the context of the invention, the lateral ballast outlets can also be formed by two short endless conveyor belts running transversely to the track. This further variant of the arrangement of the ballast distribution device is advantageous, for example, when replacing rails and sleepers, where a particularly large amount of ballast is produced. In addition, this vehicle 55, which is equipped with its own travel drive 68, can also advantageously be used as an independently movable machine in other conversion methods.

The mode of operation of the machine 1 designed according to the invention is described in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3.

When the machine 1 continues to drive forward, the old wooden sleepers 3 are lifted out of the ballast bed in the area of the device 28 for receiving the old sleepers 3 and transported to the front end region of the frame part 13 provided with the crane carriageway via the conveyor device 25. In this area, the wooden sleepers 3 are gripped by the sleeper gripping and rotating device 24 and deposited on the corresponding pallets by the gantry crane 23. During the entire continuous rail and sleeper conversion process, the machine frame 10 is supported with its front frame part 13 via the joint 19 on the upstream work vehicle 18. At the same time, the two frame parts 13 and 14 of the machine frame 1 are spread apart by changing the length of the blocking drive 12 and, if necessary, are laterally spread apart by the blocking drive 11, for example in curves. Both the front rail undercarriage 8 and the intermediate rail undercarriage are raised above the level of the track. The old and the new rails 2, 5 are spread apart in the area of the devices 28 and 49 by the lifting and spreading devices 27 and 50 so that the sleepers can be raised or lowered between the rails. The upper, uneven ballast layer 3o is taken up by the clearing and leveling chain 31 and is deposited on the endless ballast conveyor belt 45. The conveyor 26 transports the concrete sleepers 6, which have been rotated by the sleeper gripping and rotating device 24 in the machine longitudinal direction for transport through the clearing and leveling chain 31, to the new sleeper storage device 49. From this, the sleepers 6 are moved to the leveled and leveled at the preselected sleeper spacing deposited by the leveling and compacting device 41 pre-compacted ballast bed. The various work processes are closely observed by operators located in the work cabins shown in the drawing and, if necessary, controlled.

Next, the new rails 5 are placed on the base plates of the new concrete sleepers 6, reducing their transverse distance from one another, so that the rail carriage 9 of the frame part 14 is already running on the newly laid track 7. The ballast grating lying freely on the ballast bed is carried out immediately behind the running gear 9 by opening the flaps of the lateral or middle outlet openings 44 and 47 of the ballast distributing device 43 as required and as required - see FIG. 3. The ballast flowing out falls in the area of the sleeper supports on both sides of the rails 5 into the sleeper intermediate compartments. the arrangement of the ballast outlets of the ballast distributing device 43 is made in such a way that the operator, by opening the respective flaps of these controllable outlet openings 44 and 47, leaves the immediate vicinity along the rails 5 in order to subsequently fasten the rails 5 to the sleepers 6 to avoid disruptive ballast accumulation in these areas. The ballast discharge is controlled by the worker located in the cabin 48. This can make a rapid change in the amount of ballast, if necessary, under precise observation of the backfill areas, or actuate the deflection element 51 to forward the ballast via the longitudinal conveyor belt 52 even when the ballast storage is full. The ballast transported by the ballast conveyor belt 45 is wholly or only partially transported to the downstream conveyor belt 52. The flat gravel surface 4o produced after the old sleepers 3 were lifted off by the use of the clearing and leveling chain 31, which was leveled even further in the course of the same work passage through the leveling and compacting device 41 and was also pre-compacted, both in the longitudinal extent and also absolutely flat in the transverse area and forms an excellent basis for laying the new sleepers 6, so that they can be laid very precisely in terms of height and direction. This precise laying process also gives the rails 5 subsequently laid on these new concrete sleepers 6 a full and solid support, so that the rail carriage 9 can already be moved there very quietly and with an almost flowing forward speed.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the machine 1 travels with its rear rail undercarriage 9 and with the two rail undercarriages 53 and 54 of the downstream vehicle 55 in a continuous manner in the working direction according to arrow 17. During this continuous work travel, the workers located in the front underfloor cabins lay down Various fastening elements, such as clamping plates, tension wires and sleeper screws in the intended position on the base plate of the sleepers 6. The fastening elements are practically automatically supplied via the endless conveyor belts indicated in the drawing. With the help of the rail fastening devices 64 located in the rear one or two underfloor cabins 66, the sleeper screws are then tightened according to a preselected torque, whereby the rails 5 are properly and completely connected to the new sleepers 6 to form a track structure lying on the leveled gravel surface 4o. After or before the rails 5 are fastened to the sleepers 6, in the same manner as already described, the sleepers are ballasted via the ballast distributing device 67 or 56 via the lateral and middle ballast outlets 57 and 58 by the worker located in the cabin 62 . Also in this embodiment or further embodiment variants, the ballast transported over the adjustable longitudinal conveyor belt 52 arranged on the frame part 14 and over the further longitudinal conveyor belts 6o and 61 - which form a conveyor belt road - up to the one arranged on the vehicle 55 above the rear chassis 54 and likewise ballast distributing device designed as a ballast store are supplied. If there is less ballast requirement or if the ballast is too large, the ballast is again accumulated in the ballast store or, alternatively, transported away via the longitudinal conveyor belt 63 by actuating the deflection member 59. In the variant with the arrangement of the ballast distributing device 56 behind the rear running gear 54, the operator in the cabin 62 does not have to pay so much attention to a release of the areas along the two rail tracks 5 in the area of the sleepers 6 during the distribution process, since the rails 5 with the sleepers have already been properly fastened. A track created according to the machine 1 according to the invention according to FIGS. 1 to 3 and corresponding to the design according to FIG. 4 with the connected vehicle 55 can be processed immediately afterwards with a leveling tamping and leveling machine.

Claims (13)

1. A travelling machine for the continuous replacement or renewal of a laid track consisting of rails and sleepers comprising an elongate, bridge-like machine frame which is mounted at either end on on-track undercarriages and which consists of two frame sections spreadable against one another by vertically and horizontally acting, hydraulic pivoting and locking drives and interconnected by a frame coupling in the region of an intermediate on-track undercarriage vertically displaceable by the spreading effect and further comprising units arranged between the two undercarriages for lifting and spreading the old rails, for taking up the old sleepers, for grading the trackless part of the ballast bed, for laying the new sleepers on the graded bed and for spreading and laying the new rails on the new sleepers, characterized in that the ballast grading unit is formed by an endless ballast clearing and grading chain (31) which is desigend to grade and, at the same time, trim only that layer or surface (30) of ballast remains after lifting of the rails (3) and in that a ballast conveyor system (42) associated at its receiving end (46) with the ballast clearing and grading chain (31) is arranged on the rear frame section (14) - in the working direction - of the bridge-like machine frame (10) equipped with the rear on-track undercarriage (9), the ballast conveyor system (42) being associated at its discharge end with a ballast distributing unit (43, 56, 67) designed for the measured introduction of the ballast taken up at the ends of the newly laid sleepers behind the rear on-track undercarriage of the rear frame section (14).

2. A machine as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that the clearing and grading chain (31), which is provided with one transverse chain guide track and two longitudinal chain guide tracks for grading and elevating the ballast and which is designed to circulated endlessly under the power of a drive (34), is arranged in the region preceding the intermediate on-track undercarriage (15) in the working direction and, through its transverse flight, is vertically displaceable by a hydraulic cylinder-and-piston drive (35) fixed to the front frame section (13) in the working direction, the longitudinal chain guide tracks (33) preferably having downwardly angled ends (36).

3. A machine as claimed in Claim 2, characterized in that a vertically displaceable grading and consolidating unit (41) of the same length transversely of the track is associated with and preferably connected pivotally to the clearing and grading chain, preferably in the region of its transverse chain guide track (32).

4. A machine as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the ballast distributing unit (43, 56) is provided with variable outlet openings (44) or chutes for the discharge of ballast behind the rear on-track undercarriage (9, 53, 54) in the working direction.

5. A machine as claimed in Claim 4, characterized in that the ballast conveyor system (42) is formed by an endless longitudinal ballast conveyor belt (45) which extends over the entire length of the second rear frame section (14) and of which the receiving end (46) is directly associated with the upper end of the clearing and grading chain (31) while its discharge end is arranged above the ballast distributing unit (43).

6. A machine as claimed in Claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the ballast distributing unit (43, 56) is connected to or is formed by a ballast silo, one or more central ballast outlets (47, 58) being provided in addition to the two lateral ballast outlets (44, 57), preferably also formed by short transverse endless conveyor belts, for the measured discharge of the ballast taken up behind the rear on-track undercarriage (9, 54).

7. A machine as claimed in any of Claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the ballast distributing unit (43, 56) is provided on the machine frame (10, 65) over the rear on-track undercarriage (9, 54) on the rear frame section (14) immediately in front of an operator's cabin (48, 62) arranged thereon.

8. A machine as claimed in any on of Claims 4 to 7, characterized in that a deflector (51, 59) and another endless longitudinal conveyor belt (52, 63), which is preferably is laterally pivotal and displaceable longitudinally of the track, projecting beyond the cabin (48, 62), are arranged above the ballast distributing unit (43, 56) at least partly for further transporting the ballast taken up as required.

9. A machine as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a vehicle (55) is fitted with on-track undercarriages (53, 54) is connected to the machine frame (10), being provided between the two on-track undercarriages with units (64) for fastening the new rails and, in the region of or rather above its front or rear on-track undercarriage (53, 54), with a ballast distributing unit (67, 56) having lateral and, optionally, also central ballast outlets (57, 58) and with endless conveyor belts (60, 61) arranged in the upper part of the vehicel frame (65) for forming a conveyor line (Fig. 4).

10. A machine as claimed in Claim 9, characterized in that a deflector (59) and an endless, preferably laterally pivotal longitudinal conveyor belt (63) preferably displaceable longitudinally of the track is arranged above the ballast distributing unit (56) of the vehicle (55) following the machine (1) in the working direction at least partly for further transporting the ballast taken up as required.

11. A machine as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the front frame section (13) in the working direction, which is fitted with the one front undercarriage (8), is pivotally mounted at its end on a preceding transporting work vehicle (18), the front on-track undercarriage (8) designed to be lifted beyond the rails by the spreading effect of the pivoting and locking drives (11, 12) being situated in front of this pivotal mounting at the end of the front frame section (13).

12. A machine as claimed in Claim 11, characterized in that the front frame section (13) is connected to the platform of the transporting work vehicle (18) by a bridge (21) for the installation of a crane track (22) for a gantry crane (23) for transporting the old and new sleepers (3, 6).

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