EP2016331B1 - Dimmvorrichtung für einen scheinwerfer - Google Patents

Dimmvorrichtung für einen scheinwerfer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2016331B1
EP2016331B1 EP07724661A EP07724661A EP2016331B1 EP 2016331 B1 EP2016331 B1 EP 2016331B1 EP 07724661 A EP07724661 A EP 07724661A EP 07724661 A EP07724661 A EP 07724661A EP 2016331 B1 EP2016331 B1 EP 2016331B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shielding
light
brightness
dimming device
spotlight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP07724661A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2016331A1 (de
Inventor
Erwin Melzner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Arnold and Richter KG
Arnold and Richter Cine Technik GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Arnold and Richter KG
Arnold and Richter Cine Technik GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP2016331A1 publication Critical patent/EP2016331A1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V11/00—Screens not covered by groups F21V1/00, F21V3/00, F21V7/00 or F21V9/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V14/00—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements
    • F21V14/08—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements by movement of the screens or filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V17/00—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages
    • F21V17/02—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages with provision for adjustment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V9/00—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters
    • F21V9/40—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters with provision for controlling spectral properties, e.g. colour, or intensity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V11/00—Screens not covered by groups F21V1/00, F21V3/00, F21V7/00 or F21V9/00
    • F21V11/08—Screens not covered by groups F21V1/00, F21V3/00, F21V7/00 or F21V9/00 using diaphragms containing one or more apertures
    • F21V11/14—Screens not covered by groups F21V1/00, F21V3/00, F21V7/00 or F21V9/00 using diaphragms containing one or more apertures with many small apertures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V21/00—Supporting, suspending, or attaching arrangements for lighting devices; Hand grips
    • F21V21/14—Adjustable mountings
    • F21V21/30—Pivoted housings or frames
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/40—Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use
    • F21W2131/406—Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use for theatres, stages or film studios

Definitions

  • Such a dimming device serves to mechanically dim the brightness of a light field generated by a headlight, to adjust the brightness of the light field and possibly fade, and for this purpose has one or more shielding elements, which are formed, the light emitted by the headlight at least partially shield.
  • Such dimming devices are used in particular in high-performance headlamps, which may be formed, for example, as daylight headlights, or ceramic headlamps to adjust the brightness of the generated light field, and are advantageous, for example, compared to today's known electronic ballasts, which only partially for dimming powerful headlights can be used because they affect the performance of such headlights and change the dimming of a headlight whose color temperature. Therefore, known electronic ballasts only allow dimming in a very limited dimming range or provide no possibility for dimming at all.
  • dimming in a dimming range between 0% (no dimming) and 100% (complete dimming) with homogeneous light distribution in order to be able to reproducibly set a specific light field.
  • a mechanical dimming device in the form of an adjustable Venetian blind for lighting equipment, especially for studio headlights, known in which a number of lamellae is rotatably mounted in a frame.
  • the slats can hereby between a fully closed position of the Venetian blind in which the slats overlap each other with their edge regions to a fully open position in which the slats are aligned perpendicular to the windshield of the headlamp, be adjusted.
  • the brightness of the generated light field can thus be from zero with completely closed slats to almost the full intensity output by the lamp at constant light intensity of the headlight be set with the slats open.
  • the lamella system can be formed either with lamellae arranged parallel or with one another radially, which can be coated with a ceramic coating in order to prevent deformation of the lamellae due to the generated heat, even with powerful headlamps.
  • Venetian blinds allow a continuous dimming of the brightness of the generated light field, but cause irregularities, for example in the form of stripe patterns in the generated light field, which are also dependent on the focus adjustment of the headlamp.
  • the Venetian blinds have support structures in the form of webs or axes for supporting the lamellae and the lamellae are changed in their orientation, but are not removed from the area of the emitted light from the headlamp, is a complete brightening, so a light field with the maximum light intensity generated by the headlight, not possible. If finer fins are used, the fringe patterns in the light field can be reduced, but the maximum adjustable brightness is further reduced due to the larger number of fins required.
  • dimming devices also referred to as stepped density filters and variable density filters
  • shielding elements for example in the form of gray wedges arranged on a glass pane, which are tapered in one direction and thus moved into the region of the emitted light for dimming a headlamp.
  • the gray wedges are positioned with their narrow regions in the region of the light and, for setting a low brightness, the gray wedges with their broad region are displaced into the emitted light in order to achieve weak or otherwise strong shielding of the light .
  • Such shielding elements may be formed, for example, as rectangular plates displaceable relative to a headlight or as circular elements rotatable relative to the headlight, the brightness being adjusted by a change in position of the shielding element relative to the headlight.
  • a continuously changing gray distribution can also be provided on such screening elements.
  • a disadvantage of such dimming devices is that the shielding element used at least twice wide and high - preferably for setting a clean light distribution in the light field even many times greater - as the light exit opening of the headlamp must be formed.
  • a dimming device in which two perforated grids are used to adjust the brightness of a light field generated by a headlight, which are moved to regulate the brightness of the light field relative to each other. In this way, a continuous adjustment of the brightness of the light field is possible, but the brightness is regulated only in a very small area and can not be completely darkened.
  • the US 4,037,097 relates to a film changer for a lighting system for replacing filters or mechanical dimming disks, which has a multi-pane housing and a mechanical pivoting device. By the pivoting device, the films are folded in the desired manner in front of the light field of a headlight or removed from the light field.
  • the EP 0 017 210 A discloses a headlamp having in a headlamp housing an arrangement for holding a lens and a diaphragm holding device.
  • the panels can be moved from the outside via handles and adjusted in their position.
  • the EP 1 331 437 A finally discloses a light emitter, which, however, has no means for variable shielding and dimming.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a dimming device and a headlamp with a dimming device available that allow adjustment of the brightness of a generated light field in a wide range with minimal influence on the light distribution in the light field and compact design.
  • the dimming device thus has a plurality of shielding elements, which are formed in the form of structured masks, which, in order to regulate the brightness of the generated light field, are brought into the region of the light emitted by the headlight or removed from the region of the light.
  • the introduction of a mask in the light emitted by the headlight or the removal of the mask from the radiated light thereby allows a gradual adjustment of the brightness of the light field by the light either at least partially shielded by the mask or, if the mask is not in the range radiated light is unchanged.
  • the adjustment of the brightness is not brought about by a change in the cross-section of the mask, for example during a pivoting of lamellae, but in that the mask is either completely inserted into the incident light in order to influence the light, or completely removed from the area of the light to let the light pass unchanged.
  • the dimming device has a plurality of different shielding elements, each of which forms different masks for adjusting the brightness levels of the generated light field. By overlaying the different shielding elements different brightness levels of the generated light field can then be set, wherein each shielding element is described by a shielding factor, which is determined by the Area ratio of opaque areas of the mask is determined to the entire surface of the mask and thus indicates the ratio of shielded light to the total incident on the mask light.
  • the basic idea here is that by overlaying different masks in a digital manner different levels of brightness can be set.
  • the shielding caused by the shielding elements can then be varied in an incremental manner, this variation is done stepwise by adding or removing one or more shielding elements.
  • the set by the combination and superposition of the shielding shield for adjusting the brightness of the light field can be described here by a total shielding of the superimposed shielding, resulting from the addition of the shielding factors of the individual shielding. This applies if the opaque areas provided in the different shielding elements completely differ in their arrangement, so that when the shielding elements are superimposed, the opaque areas of the individual shielding elements do not overlap. If the individual shielding elements are designed so that overlapping with other shielding elements results in an overlap between the opaque areas, then this must be taken into account accordingly in the calculation of the total shielding factor.
  • the shielding elements By overlaying the shielding elements, different levels of brightness can then be set, wherein the shielding elements can be designed so that the shielding in a linear manner, for example with brightness levels with a brightness of 0% -10% -... 100% of the maximum brightness of the Headlights generated light, can be changed. It is also conceivable to design the shielding elements in such a way that a non-linear gradation, for example a graduated graduation that reflects the brightness perception of the eye, is possible.
  • the shielding of the dimming device are designed so that it comes to a complete shielding of the radiated light from the headlamp, when all the shielding elements of the dimming device are arranged in the region of the light emitted by the headlamp.
  • the overlap Shielding elements such that the light is completely shielded and there is a complete darkening of the set light field.
  • the shielding elements representing the masks are structured in such a way that they each have regularly arranged opaque or light-transmitting and light-transmissive regions, by means of which the light striking a shielding element is partially shielded.
  • Each mask may in this case have a lattice-like or grid-like structure which is formed by the regularly arranged opaque and light-permeable regions.
  • the fundamental here is that a finely formed structure of the mask, for example in the form of a fine grid or grid, a homogeneous effect on the light and thus causes a homogeneous light field.
  • the shield element forming the mask in this context may also be structured irregularly, in the form of structures distributed unevenly over the shielding element. It is crucial here that each shielding element is structured in such a way that the generated light field set by superposition of the shielding elements is dimmed in a desired manner and is sufficiently homogeneous.
  • the shielding element instead of a lattice-like mask, to form the shielding element as a gray, light-transmissive disk having a uniform gray scale, which thus has no structuring but a uniform gray value.
  • the set shielding factor does not result from an addition, but rather from the multiplication of the individual shielding factors. A complete darkening of the light field is, if only partial gray slices are provided, then not possible.
  • the dimming device can have both shielding elements designed as gray panes and shielding elements in the form of structured masks, which can then be combined with one another to adjust the brightness.
  • the set shielding factor then results from the addition of the shielding factors of the structured masks multiplied by the shielding factor of the gray disks.
  • one or more different color elements can still be provided, which are introduced for coloring in the light generated by the headlight. By means of such color elements then color effects can be made or the color temperature can be corrected.
  • the dimming device is designed as a separate unit arranged in a housing which, in order to influence the light emitted by a headlight, for example in the region of a light exit opening of the headlamp through which the light generated by the headlamp leaves the headlamp can be.
  • the dimming device thus represents a separate module, which is detachable from the headlight and can be operated with different headlights.
  • the dimming device is integrated in a headlight, so that the dimming device is not a separate unit and the shielding elements are introduced within the headlight in the light generated by the headlight to adjust the brightness of the generated light field.
  • the one or more shielding elements of the dimming device are displaceably mounted or pivotable about a pivot axis in the dimming device.
  • the shielding are then brought by moving in the area of the light emitted by the headlight or removed from it.
  • pivotable mounting of the shielding is conceivable to arrange the pivot axis either perpendicular or parallel to the propagation direction of the light, so that the shielding elements for adjusting the brightness either - like folding doors of a headlight - from the left, right, up or down into the range of light be pivoted or in a plane extending parallel to a light exit opening of the headlamp level.
  • a drive device is then provided for displacing or pivoting the one or more shielding elements, which moves the shielding elements into the region of the light emitted by the headlight or removes them from the region of the light emitted by the headlight depending on the brightness to be set.
  • the brightness of the generated light field can be varied stepwise by means of the dimming device by the desired shielding factor and thus the desired brightness level being set by combining the shielding elements.
  • the set to be adjusted combination of the pivoted in the radiated light shielding depends on the desired brightness of the light field, which results from the superposition of the individual shielding and the shielding factor set thereby.
  • the drive device can be designed electromechanically and, for example, have an electric motor, by means of which the shielding elements moves into the light or be removed from the light.
  • the electric motor can optionally cooperate with a gear and be connected for example via a drive belt, a toothed belt or a propeller shaft with the shielding.
  • the drive device may alternatively also have bistable electromagnets for adjusting the shielding elements, wherein in each case an electromagnet acts on a shielding elements and - depending on the state of the electromagnet - introduces the shielding element in the light or removed from the light.
  • the drive device may moreover comprise an electronic control unit or cooperate with an external electronic control unit by means of which a shielding factor predetermined by a user is converted into a combination of shielding elements to be used.
  • the electronic control unit may in this case be designed so that it stores a set state and automatically restores, for example, after a power failure.
  • the electronic control unit can furthermore be coupled to a bus system, in particular using the standard DMX512 or CAN standards in systems for film and studio lighting, and via the bus system to a lighting console, so that a user uses the lighting console to adjust the brightness of the headlight can adjust. In this context, a user can then also be enabled to read out the respectively set brightness and to query the operating state of the dimming device.
  • the dimming device via the electronic control unit with an electronic ballast and to make a control and fine adjustment of the headlight on the electronic ballast.
  • the coarse adjustment of the brightness is performed by the dimming device, while the fine adjustment is performed by the electronic ballast, so that practically a stepless control of the headlamp is possible.
  • a shielding factor of 45% can be set by the shielding and then fine-tuned by the electronic ballast by means of an additional shielding of 2% to a value of 47%.
  • the electronic control unit can also be provided with a sensor for detecting the brightness of the adjusted light field, the signal of which is used to automatically regulate and stabilize the brightness of the light field, or a recording device, in particular a camera, which specifies desired values for the brightness to be set. interact.
  • the dimming device can also be connectable to an actuating rod, by means of which a user can adjust the brightness of the dimming device in a mechanical manner.
  • an actuating rod by means of which a user can adjust the brightness of the dimming device in a mechanical manner.
  • Such operating rods are particularly useful when the dimming device is connected to a mounted on a rig headlights at a high altitude above the ground, and are provided by default to adjust the tilt and tilt of headlights.
  • the actuating rod can then, for example, using a so-called actuating bell, at the same time cooperate with the dimming device and serve to adjust the brightness of the headlamp.
  • the one or more shielding elements of the dimming device can be advantageously designed as a metallic mask whose opaque areas are formed by metallic surfaces.
  • the metallic surfaces may in this case be formed, for example, by a steel sheet or by aluminum deposited on a glass pane. It is also conceivable here to provide the shielding elements with a ceramic coating in order to increase the heat resistance of the shielding elements.
  • the metallic mask is punched, stamped, drawn, lasered, cast or sprayed, in particular, the production of the mask by means of a laser can be done inexpensively and precisely.
  • the shielding elements can also be designed as printed discs.
  • shielding elements In principle, rigid glass or plastic disks, but also flexible films, can be used for the shielding elements. Through the use of films in this case a particularly space-saving design of the dimming device is made possible by it can be provided to roll the films when they are not used, and roll out to shield in the light area.
  • shielding elements designed as foils can, for example, also be arranged below the headlight parallel to the headlight housing, in order then to be moved around a headlight edge in the region of the light exit opening of the headlight for shielding.
  • the object is also achieved by a headlamp with the features of claim 26.
  • the headlight in this case has a dimming device of the type described above.
  • Fig. 1A and Fig. 1B show a headlamp 1, which has a lamp 17 which is arranged together with a reflector 18 in a headlight housing 16 and in cooperation with the reflector 18 generates light LS and radiates through a light exit opening 11 of the headlight 1, to in this way To form light field L, L '.
  • the light LS is radiated substantially conically from the headlight 1, the light cone comprising the light LS being defined by the so-called half-beam angle, which describes the scattering angle formed by the light cone.
  • the headlight 1 can in particular represent a studio headlight for film or theater and be designed as a high-performance headlight, in particular ceramic or daylight headlights.
  • a bracket 18 is pivotally mounted, via which the headlight 1 can be attached to a rig, a tripod or other fixture.
  • the invention relates in particular to high-power headlamps which operate with a power in the kW range and which are not readily dimmable by means of electronic ballasts. For this reason, such dimmers conventionally used mechanical dimming devices by means of which the brightness of the light field L, L 'generated by the headlight 1 is adjustable by shielding in the area of the light exit opening 11 of the headlamp are arranged and in this way the brightness of the emitted light LF of the headlight 1 influence.
  • An essential quality feature of the light field L, L 'generated by the headlight 1 is the homogeneity of the light distribution, ie the uniform brightness in the region of the light field L, L'.
  • Conventional dimming device for example in the form of Venetian blinds, which are used for mechanical dimming of the generated light field L, L 'have the disadvantage that they, caused by the formation of the lamellae, generate stripes and thus the homogeneity of the adjusted light field L, L adversely affect. This problem is solved by the below-described, from the idea of the invention making dimmer device using instead of fins fine mesh structured or formed as gray discs shielding solved.
  • a dimming device 2 is arranged in the region of the light exit opening 11 of the headlamp 1 and connected to the headlamp 1 via retaining claws 12, 13, 14 which are arranged in the region of the light exit opening 11 on the headlight housing 16 or an annular lens housing enclosing the light exit opening 11.
  • the dimming device 2 has a housing 25, in which a passage opening 21 is arranged for the light LS emitted by the headlight 1, wherein the light exit opening 11 of the headlamp 1 and the passage opening 21 of the Dimming device 2 are arranged flush with each other and thus the light emitted from the light exit opening 11 light LS completely passes into the region of the passage opening 21 and this happens.
  • the light emitted by the headlight 1 LS thus leaves the headlight through the light exit opening 11, penetrates through the passage opening 21 of the dimming device 2 and generates a corresponding light field L, L '.
  • the dimming device 2 is designed and provided to adjust the brightness of the light field L, L 'generated by the headlight 1 and thus to dim in the desired manner.
  • An embodiment of the dimming device 2 according to the invention is shown in FIG Fig. 2 shown, which shows a partial sectional view of the dimming device 2 in the plane of the passage opening 21.
  • the dimming device 2 has a plurality of shielding elements 22, which are mounted pivotably about a pivot axis 24 in the dimming device 2.
  • a drive device 23 is provided, by means of which the shielding elements 22 from a lower position in the dimming device 2, in which they are not arranged in the region of the passage opening 21 and thus not in the region of the passage LS 21 passing light LS of the headlamp 1 are, in a pivoting direction S in an upper position can be pivoted to cover in this upper position, the passage opening 21 so that the radiated from the headlight 1 and the passage opening 21 passing light passes through the shield 22 and through in the region of the passage opening 21 arranged shielding 22 is at least partially shielded.
  • the drive device 23 may in this case be designed, for example, as an electric motor with or without a gear, which acts via a shaft on the shielding elements 22 and moves them. It is also conceivable that the drive device 23 has bistable electromagnets instead of the electric motor, which, depending on the switching state, pivot the shielding elements 22 into the upper or lower position, the shielding elements 22 being biased by springs in order to assist pivoting in one direction can.
  • the drive device 23 can have an electronic control unit or interact with an external electronic control unit that converts a user input for the brightness level to be set into a suitable combination of shielding elements 22 and thus controls the dimming device 2.
  • the shielding elements 22 may in this case have a lattice-like or grid-like structure, the shield being adjustable by the individual shielding elements being dimensioned on the basis of the area ratio of the opaque areas to the light-permeable areas of the shielding elements 22.
  • the shielding elements can be designed differently, so that different shielding can be set stepwise by superposition of the individual shielding elements.
  • the shield that can be set by the individual shielding elements and their combination can be characterized by a shielding factor that results for each individual shielding element 22 from the area ratio of opaque to the entire surface of the shielding element 22.
  • the entire set shielding factor of a combination of shielding elements 22 is then determined by the superposition of the individual shielding elements 22. If the shielding opaque areas of the individual shielding elements 22 do not overlap when the shielding elements 22 overlap, the overall shielding factor results from the addition of the shielding factors of the individual shielding elements. If, on the other hand, the opaque ones of the individual shielding elements overlap at least partially, the surface portion of the overlapping areas must be subtracted when adding the individual shielding factors when determining the total shielding factor.
  • the shielding elements 22 are formed as gray panes with a uniform gray scale value.
  • the shielding factor does not result, as in the case of the structured panes, by an addition, but rather by a multiplication of the shielding factors of the individual shielding elements 22.
  • a combined use of both structured shielding elements 22 and gray panes is also conceivable
  • the total shielding factor then results from the addition of the shielding factors of the structured shielding elements 22 and subsequent multiplication with the shielding factors of the shielding elements 22 designed as gray disks.
  • Fig. 3A to 3D show four different shielding elements 22A to 22D, each having a screened, regularly distributed structure which is formed by light-transmissive regions 221 and opaque regions 220.
  • the respective shielding achievable by a shielding element 22A to 22D in this case can be described by the shielding factor of the individual shielding elements 22A to 22D, which indicates the area ratio of opaque areas 220 to the total area of a shielding element 22A to 22D irradiated by the light LS of the headlamp 1, and thus represents the proportion of the shielded by the shield 22A to 22D light.
  • the first shielding element 22A according to FIG Fig. 4A has a shielding factor of 1/16, due to the area ratio of the opaque areas 220 on the entire area of 1/16 and the resulting shielding of the light LS incident on the shielding element 22A by the opaque areas 220.
  • the shielding members 22B, 22C, 22D have shielding factors of 1/8 (shielding member 22B), 1/4 (shielding member 22C), and 1/2 (shielding member 22D), respectively.
  • the opaque surfaces 220 of the individual shielding elements 22A to 22D are arranged such that, when the shielding elements 22A to 22D are superposed on one another, ie when the individual shielding elements 22A are arranged one above the other in the region of the passage opening 21 of the dimming device 2, the opaque ones Areas 220 of the shielding elements 22A to 22D do not overlap, so that the shielding factors of the individual shielding elements 22A to 22D add together when superimposed. If, for example, the shielding element 22A and the shielding element 22B simultaneously in the region of the passage opening 21 according to Fig.
  • the total set shielding factor is 3/8, according to the addition of the shielding factors of the shielding 22A, 22B. If all the shielding elements 22A to 22D are superimposed, that is to say brought into the region of the passage opening 21, then the shielding factor is 15/16, corresponding to the value of the maximum settable darkening. In the embodiment of the shielding elements 22A to 22D according to FIG Fig. 3A to 3D Thus, at maximum darkening, light LS is still transmitted through the shielding elements 22A to 22D, so that the brightness of the adjusted light field L, L 'corresponds to a value of 1/16 of the maximum brightness.
  • shielding factor 1 completely opaque and, when it is pivoted into the passage opening 21, a complete darkening of the headlamp 1 causes.
  • the shielding elements 22A to 22D are arranged such that the shielding factors of the individual shielding elements 22A to 22D are linked to each other over multiples of the factor.
  • the shielding factor of the shield 22B the double shielding of the shield 22A.
  • the shielding factor of the first shielding element is 1/16, that of the second shielding element is 1/8 etc.
  • the shielding elements must be adapted in terms of their shielding factors or it is an additional shielding provided.
  • the shielding elements 22A to 22D according to Fig. 3A to 3D in this case correspond to that in the table according to Fig. 4A case with four shielding elements (see row 4 of the table according to Fig. 4A ).
  • FIG. 4A and Fig. 4B illustrated embodiments can be set by superposition of the shielding the brightness of the light field L, L 'between a maximum and a minimum value, wherein the maximum value of the brightness of the maximum emitted by the headlamp 1 light LS (corresponding to a shield 0) and the minimum value of a Darkening by superposition of all shielding elements used (corresponding to a shield with the highest adjustable shielding factor, see column 4 in Fig. 4A and 4B ) corresponds.
  • the brightness of the light field L, L ' can thus be changed in an incremental manner by a brightness level determined by the shielding factor.
  • the shielding elements are such that the maximum adjustable darkening is not complete (corresponding to the maximum adjustable shielding factor according to column 4), so that a residual component of the light LS can pass through the shielding elements even if all the shielding elements used are superimposed. It is advantageous here that the largest possible number of brightness levels can be set for a number of shielding elements used. In particular, in the in Fig. 4A when using more than two shielding elements compared to the case of Fig. 4B at the same incremental brightness level (see column 3) one less shielding element is required.
  • N describes the number of shielding elements used
  • Z the number of adjustable states. This applies to the case of Fig. 4A , in which at maximum darkening a residual portion of the light LS is transmitted, thus no complete darkening is adjustable.
  • the shielding factors of the individual shielding elements corresponding to Fig. 3A to 3D are set by the structuring of the shielding, are in each case in the columns 5 to 10 in Fig. 4A indicated for different numbers of shielding elements used.
  • the shielding elements are designed so that when superimposing all the shielding elements, the light field is completely darkened, the brightness of the light field L, L 'thus assumes the value zero (corresponding to the maximum shielding factor of 1 according to column 4).
  • the number of adjustable states that is to say the number of brightness levels
  • N again describes the number of shielding elements used
  • Z the number of adjustable states.
  • the shielding factors of the individual shielding elements are again in each case in the columns 5 to 10 in FIG Fig. 4B indicated for different numbers of shielding elements used.
  • the shielding elements shown have the special feature that the shielding element 22A 'is integrated with the shielding elements 22B' to 22D ', in that the latticed structure of the shielding element 22A' is also realized in the shielding elements 22B 'to 22D'.
  • the shielding element 22A ' is used only for setting the second brightness level, corresponding to a shielding factor of 1/8.
  • the maximum adjustable darkening when the shielding elements 22B '- 22D' are combined corresponds to a shielding factor of 1, so that no light LS can reach the superimposed shielding elements 22B '- 22D' at maximum darkening and the brightness of the generated light field L, L 'thus becomes zero is.
  • the shielding 22A 'to 22D' can be made in a simple manner by structuring a sheet with a laser.
  • the prerequisite for this is that all shielding elements 22A 'to 22D' have a lattice-like structure, which is realized in the shielding elements 22A 'to 22D' in that the lattice of the shielding element 22A 'is also formed in the other shielding elements 22B' to 22D '.
  • Figs. 5A-5D any.
  • the dimming device 2 is independent of the half-beam angle of the light emitted by the headlight 1 LS, since the dimming device 2 acts only on the brightness of the generated light field L, L '.
  • the shielding elements When forming the shielding elements, it may be advantageous not to make the shielding factor homogeneous over a shielding element, but to vary the shielding factor over the shielding element.
  • this can adversely affect the generated light field, in particular to parasitic patterns in the light field or to a shadow come in the central area of the light field.
  • This problem can be solved by adapting the shielding elements according to their position in the optical path of the light by widening them in their respective outer regions, ie in the outer regions of each shielding element remote from the center.
  • the widening is to be selected to be larger for the rear shielding elements, that is, lastly from the light, than for the front shielding elements.
  • a shielding element which is arranged further back in the light cone, must be formed further in terms of both its structure and in its total area corresponding to the larger irradiated area than a shielding element located further forward, closer to the lamp.
  • the structures of the shielding elements are then slightly offset relative to one another according to the conical propagation of the light and in each case expanded outwards.
  • a significant advantage of the presented dimming device 2 is that a gradual adjustment of the brightness of the generated light field L, L 'in a wide range with a simple construction and small footprint of the dimmer device 2 is made possible in a mechanical manner.
  • the incremental size of the adjustable brightness levels is how it looks Fig. 4A and 4B can be seen, depending on the number of shielding elements used and the smaller, the more shielding elements are used.
  • the shielding elements 22A-22D, 22A'-22D ', 22 may in this case be formed in particular by a metallic mask, wherein the mask may be formed, for example, by a stainless steel sheet or a glass pane coated with aluminum and advantageously by simple laser and laser machining cost-effective manner is produced.
  • the structuring of the mask is advantageously chosen so that the processing with a laser is readily possible forms that are difficult or impossible to produce with a laser, thus be avoided.
  • the structuring of the mask, as in Fig. 3A - 3D and Figs. 5A-5D represented by using square or rectangular shapes, so that round shapes that are difficult to produce with a laser are avoided.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
EP07724661A 2006-04-28 2007-04-23 Dimmvorrichtung für einen scheinwerfer Active EP2016331B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202006007227U DE202006007227U1 (de) 2006-04-28 2006-04-28 Dimmvorrichtung für einen Scheinwerfer
PCT/EP2007/003732 WO2007124922A1 (de) 2006-04-28 2007-04-23 Dimmvorrichtung für einen scheinwerfer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2016331A1 EP2016331A1 (de) 2009-01-21
EP2016331B1 true EP2016331B1 (de) 2010-05-19

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US (1) US7862208B2 (ja)
EP (1) EP2016331B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP5138674B2 (ja)
DE (2) DE202006007227U1 (ja)
WO (1) WO2007124922A1 (ja)

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JP2009535760A (ja) 2009-10-01
DE202006007227U1 (de) 2006-07-20
US20090073696A1 (en) 2009-03-19
WO2007124922A1 (de) 2007-11-08
EP2016331A1 (de) 2009-01-21
JP5138674B2 (ja) 2013-02-06
US7862208B2 (en) 2011-01-04
DE502007003863D1 (de) 2010-07-01

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