EP1934002A1 - Noyaux et procede de production de noyaux - Google Patents

Noyaux et procede de production de noyaux

Info

Publication number
EP1934002A1
EP1934002A1 EP06793909A EP06793909A EP1934002A1 EP 1934002 A1 EP1934002 A1 EP 1934002A1 EP 06793909 A EP06793909 A EP 06793909A EP 06793909 A EP06793909 A EP 06793909A EP 1934002 A1 EP1934002 A1 EP 1934002A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cores
water
core material
soluble
bar
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06793909A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1934002B1 (fr
Inventor
Dieter Käfer
Gudrun Schiller
Gisbert Schulze
Dr. Peter Stingl
Roland Werner
Horst Walter Rockenschaub
Reinhold Georg Gschwandtner
Thomas Pabel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ceramtec GmbH
Original Assignee
Ceramtec GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ceramtec GmbH filed Critical Ceramtec GmbH
Publication of EP1934002A1 publication Critical patent/EP1934002A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1934002B1 publication Critical patent/EP1934002B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
    • B22C9/105—Salt cores
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
    • B22C1/16—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
    • B22C1/18—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of inorganic agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/12—Treating moulds or cores, e.g. drying, hardening
    • B22C9/123—Gas-hardening

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to cores and to a process for the production of cores for use as cavity placeholders in the production of metallic and non-metallic moldings from water-completely soluble and therefore residue-free removable from the moldings materials by core shooting.
  • the cores must remain dimensionally stable when the material is introduced into the mold, during casting or injection, and after solidification of the material, they can easily be removed from the intended cavity.
  • cores are required in large numbers, for example, in series production in foundries, it is necessary to be able to produce the cores in constant quality as quickly as possible in the shortest possible time. If special demands are placed on the surface and contour accuracy of the cavities of the workpieces, the surface of the cores must be particularly smooth and contour-accurate and the cores must be able to be removed completely free of residue from the cavities of the workpieces. Residues of conventional cores containing non-dissolvable components, such as quartz sand, can result in damage to surfaces to be refined or cause the failure of an aggregate, for example, if sand residues in the pump housing of an injection pump lead to plugging of an injection nozzle.
  • non-dissolvable components such as quartz sand
  • the cores according to the invention consist of a molding material and optionally substances which influence the properties and quality of the cores, such as fillers, binders, additives and catalysts. All of these substances, as well as the substances that result from possible reactions, form the core material.
  • This core material is completely soluble in water and can thus be removed without residue from the cavities of the workpieces after shaping.
  • the nuclei do not disintegrate into insoluble constituents after dissolution of the binder, but all substances dissolve completely. All compositions of the core materials can be processed by core shooting as a molding process.
  • the cores of the invention have the advantage that they are composed of substances that do not pollute the environment when handled properly, neither in their preparation, nor during the casting process. When they are removed from the workpieces, there are no residues that require special disposal.
  • the substances can be recovered by suitable processes from the liquid phase, for example the salt by spray drying or evaporation.
  • the cores according to the invention can be produced using conventional core shooters.
  • the complexity of the geometry of the cores determines the core shooting parameters as well as the design and design of the tool for making the cores and shooting head of the core shooter.
  • the core shooting allows due to the transport of the claimed core materials by the compression means, the compressed gas, the production of very complicated cores built with great contour accuracy at the Surface and homogeneous structure with uniform density and strength.
  • Suitable molding materials are the chlorides of alkali and alkaline earth elements such as in particular sodium chloride, potassium chloride and magnesium chloride, the water-soluble sulfates and nitrates of alkali and alkaline earth elements such as in particular potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, and water-soluble ammonium salts such as ammonium sulfate in particular.
  • These substances can be used individually or as a mixture, as far as they do not react with each other and thus adversely affect the desired properties, because the molding material should undergo no material conversion in the core production, which adversely affects its solubility.
  • all easily soluble salts are suitable whose decomposition or melting point is above the temperature of the liquid metal, the melt, or the injected plastic.
  • the molding materials comparable to sand, easy and easy to divide into the desired grain sizes or grain classes.
  • the chosen particle size distribution influences in particular the surface properties of the cores. The smaller the grain size, the smoother the surface.
  • the highest possible degree of spatial filling is sought, which can be achieved by mixing different salts and optionally the additional substances with different distribution curves, for example by a bi- or trimodal grain distribution of the mixture.
  • grain sizes in the range of 0.01 mm to 2 mm are selected, preferably as Gaussian distribution, depending on the material, desired surface quality and contour accuracy of the workpiece to be cast or molded from plastic.
  • Water-soluble fillers can replace part of the molding material so far, up to 30% by weight, so as not to adversely affect density and strength.
  • the grain size of the filler is suitably adjusted to the particle size or the particle size distribution of the molding material.
  • binder is added to the molding material before the core shooting. All binders are possible which, after the curing process, are completely water-soluble, which thoroughly wet the molding material and optionally the fillers and wherein the mixture of these materials can be shaped into cores by means of core shooting. Silicate binders are generally suitable if they are water-soluble. It is also possible to use the water-soluble alkali metal and ammonium phosphates or monoaluminum phosphate binders. Binders of soluble water glass are preferred. The amount added depends on the water glass module, 1 to 5, and is, depending on the wetting behavior, between 0.5 wt .-% and 15 wt .-%.
  • the properties of a mixture of molding material, optionally filler and binder can be influenced by the targeted addition of additives. It is also a prerequisite here that these additives or the reaction products of these additives can also be completely and without residue removed from the cavity of a workpiece by dissolution in water.
  • these additives may be: wetting agents, additives which influence the consistency of the mixture, lubricants, deagglomerating additives, gelling agents, additives which alter the thermophysical properties of the core, for example the thermal conductivity, additives which adhere the metal / plastic to the Cores prevent additions that lead to better homogenization and miscibility, additives that increase shelf life, additives that prevent premature curing, additives that prevent the formation of moisture and condensation during casting and additives that accelerate the curing process.
  • these additives are known to those skilled in the art of making conventional cores. Their added quantity depends on the type and composition of the molding material.
  • the composition of the core material it may be necessary to use matched catalysts to initiate and accelerate the hardening process so that the cores have the required strength after core shooting.
  • the gas influencing the core material in particular for hardening and drying the cores, can be blown into the still closed form after firing.
  • the pressure may be lower than when shooting the cores and be up to about 5 bar.
  • thermal aftertreatment of the cores at temperatures that can be up to 500 0 C.
  • thermal Treatment already during shaping in the mold by heating it to a temperature matched to the core material.
  • the core material is composed of the molding material and the binder and the additives such as fillers, additives and catalysts, if necessary. All substances can be homogeneously mixed with known mixing units.
  • the amount of binder and additive additives to be added depends on the purpose of the cores and determines the surface quality as well as the density and strength of the cores.
  • the processing of the core materials can be carried out separately from the core shooting process, where appropriate, suitable protective measures must be provided to prevent agglomeration and premature curing.
  • suitable protective measures For example, depending on the composition of the core material, treatment, transport and storage can also take place under protective gas.
  • Substances which alter the properties of the other materials of the core material are advantageously fed directly into the core shooter.
  • the mixing then takes place in the gas stream, which transports the other substances into the mold.
  • the core material is injected into the mold at pressures between 1 bar and 10 bar, matched to the composition of the core material or to the filling and flowability of the mass.
  • the filling pressure is dependent on the particle size distribution or the grain size and grain shape. Fine-grained salts generally require higher shooting pressures.
  • the surface quality of the cores according to the invention can be adjusted so that no size must be used. If, nevertheless, a surface treatment with a size is intended, the size should also be completely water-soluble.
  • the sizing may be applied in the usual manner by dipping, spraying, brushing or brushing.
  • NaCI cores are particularly suitable for light metal casting, for example for cast aluminum alloys, in which the cores are exposed to temperatures below 800 ° C.
  • NaCl is used in the particle size range of 0.063 mm to 2 mm, preferably in the Gaussian distribution, where the distribution can be multimodal.
  • Particularly suitable as the binder is water glass, the amount added being determined by the waterglass modulus, 1 to 5, and being between 0.5 and 15% by weight. Other water-soluble silicate compounds are also preferably used.
  • the temperature of the mold is tuned to the composition of the core materials in a temperature range from room temperature to 500 ° C.
  • the hardening of the cores can be done by gassing, for example with CO 2 , and / or by the action of temperature.
  • the cores have a density of 0.9 g / cm 3 to 1.8 g / cm 3 , a 3-point bending strength of 100 N / cm 2 to 750 N / cm after core shooting, depending on their composition and a possible heat treatment 2 and a surface quality Ra, depending on the grain size, between 5 microns and 200 microns.
  • the cores are storable. After casting the workpieces, the cores are removed from the cavities by complete dissolution in water residue.
  • Cores of NaCl having a mean particle size D50 of 0.7 mm with 5% by weight of water glass of module 4 were produced. NaCl and water glass were homogeneously mixed in a conventional mixer and filled into a core shooter. The core material was compressed with air at a pressure of 4 bar shot in the form. The mold was at room temperature. After firing, fumigation was carried out to cure with CO 2 .
  • K 2 SO 4 cores are particularly suitable for copper-based materials, brass and bronze, where the cores are exposed to higher temperatures than aluminum casting.
  • K 2 SO 4 can also be used in the particle size range of 0.063 mm to 2 mm, preferably in the Gaussian distribution and optionally multimodal.
  • Waterglass is also particularly suitable as a binder, the amount added being determined by the waterglass modulus, 1 to 5, and being between 1 and 10% by weight.
  • Other water-soluble silicate compounds are also preferably used.
  • the temperature of the mold is tuned to the composition of the core materials in a temperature range from room temperature to 500 ° C.
  • the hardening of the cores can be done by gassing and / or by the action of temperature.
  • the cores have a density of 0.8 g / cm 3 to 1.6 g / cm 3 , a 3-point bending strength of 80 N / cm 2 to 600 N / cm after core shooting, depending on their composition and any heat treatment 2 and a surface quality Ra, depending on the grain size, between 10 microns and 250 microns.
  • the cores are storable. After casting the workpieces, the cores are removed from the cavities by complete dissolution in water residue.
  • Cores of K 2 SO 4 with a particle size D 50 of 0.85 mm with 8% by weight of water glass of modulus 2.5 were produced.
  • K 2 SO 4 and water glass were in one homogeneously mixed and filled into a core shooter.
  • the core material was shot with air at a pressure of 4 bar into the mold.
  • the mold had a temperature of 180 ° C. After firing, gassing was carried out with CO 2 .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des noyaux qui, lors de la coulée de pièces métalliques ou de l'extrusion de pièces en matière plastique, sont utilisés dans un moule, en vue de maintenir libres les espaces creux ménagés dans les pièces, lors du remplissage des moules par le matériau, lesdits noyaux devant répondre à de hautes exigences quant à leur stabilité de forme et leur facilité d'enlèvement desdits espaces creux. L'invention est, en conséquence, caractérisée en ce que le matériau du noyau peut être complètement solubilisé dans l'eau et peut être retiré des corps moulés au moyen d'eau, exempt de résidus, et en ce que les noyaux peuvent être fabriqués au moyen de sels sous forme non liquide et de matières d'addition, suivant le procédé de tirage des noyaux et sous pression, tout en se conformant à la composition du matériau du noyau.
EP06793909.0A 2005-09-30 2006-09-29 Noyaux et procédé de production de noyaux Active EP1934002B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005047416 2005-09-30
DE102006018481 2006-04-19
PCT/EP2006/066882 WO2007036563A1 (fr) 2005-09-30 2006-09-29 Noyaux et procede de production de noyaux

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1934002A1 true EP1934002A1 (fr) 2008-06-25
EP1934002B1 EP1934002B1 (fr) 2019-07-31

Family

ID=37487718

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06793909.0A Active EP1934002B1 (fr) 2005-09-30 2006-09-29 Noyaux et procédé de production de noyaux

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20090250587A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1934002B1 (fr)
JP (2) JP4950998B2 (fr)
KR (2) KR101580775B1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0616623B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007036563A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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EP2190933B1 (fr) * 2007-07-13 2019-09-18 Advanced Ceramics Manufacturing, LLC Mandrins a base d'agregats destines a la production de pieces composites et procedes de production de pieces composites
BRPI0915997A2 (pt) * 2008-07-18 2019-04-09 Ceram Gmbh núcleo à base de sal e método para sua produção
WO2010133596A2 (fr) * 2009-05-18 2010-11-25 Ceramtec Ag Noyaux a base de sel dotés d'une surface traitée
KR20120125235A (ko) * 2009-11-06 2012-11-14 에밀 뮬러 게엠베하 염-계열 코어, 그의 제조 방법 및 그의 용도
MX339426B (es) * 2010-06-02 2016-05-25 Emil Muller Gmbh Nucleos de sal estabilizados por infiltrado.
DE102012203800B3 (de) * 2012-03-12 2013-05-29 Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Kolbens mit einem Kühlkanal, sowie danach hergestellter Kolben
SI24501A (sl) * 2013-10-21 2015-04-30 Rc Simit, D.O.O. Vezivo za kompaktiranje sipkega materiala in postopek uporabe veziva
DE102015209762A1 (de) * 2015-05-28 2016-12-01 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Herstellung von SMC-Hohlbauteilen
CN107884258B (zh) * 2017-11-24 2021-07-20 四川共享铸造有限公司 一种模具
JP2021098212A (ja) 2019-12-23 2021-07-01 トヨタ自動車株式会社 塩中子の製造方法

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JPS4937175B1 (fr) * 1969-12-16 1974-10-07
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20080058446A (ko) 2008-06-25
BRPI0616623A2 (pt) 2011-08-23
EP1934002B1 (fr) 2019-07-31
BRPI0616623B1 (pt) 2018-05-15
JP2009509768A (ja) 2009-03-12
JP2012030289A (ja) 2012-02-16
KR101580775B1 (ko) 2015-12-30
KR101492786B1 (ko) 2015-02-12
KR20140072149A (ko) 2014-06-12
WO2007036563A1 (fr) 2007-04-05
US20090250587A1 (en) 2009-10-08
JP5412492B2 (ja) 2014-02-12
JP4950998B2 (ja) 2012-06-13

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