EP1918356B1 - Composition d'huile lubrifiante - Google Patents

Composition d'huile lubrifiante Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1918356B1
EP1918356B1 EP06782833A EP06782833A EP1918356B1 EP 1918356 B1 EP1918356 B1 EP 1918356B1 EP 06782833 A EP06782833 A EP 06782833A EP 06782833 A EP06782833 A EP 06782833A EP 1918356 B1 EP1918356 B1 EP 1918356B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
percent
mass
lubricating oil
composition
component
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP06782833A
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German (de)
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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EP1918356A1 (fr
EP1918356A4 (fr
Inventor
Hitoshi c/o NIPPON OIL CORPORATION KOMATSUBARA
Shigeki c/o Nippon Oil Corporation MATSUI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eneos Corp
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Nippon Oil Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M163/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/14—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/144—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings containing hydroxy groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/14—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/146—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membeered aromatic rings having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/26—Overbased carboxylic acid salts
    • C10M2207/262—Overbased carboxylic acid salts derived from hydroxy substituted aromatic acids, e.g. salicylates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/046—Overbasedsulfonic acid salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
    • C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
    • C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
    • C10M2219/106—Thiadiazoles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
    • C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
    • C10M2219/108—Phenothiazine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/041—Triaryl phosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/042—Metal salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/043—Ammonium or amine salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/047—Thioderivatives not containing metallic elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/049—Phosphite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
    • C10M2229/041—Siloxanes with specific structure containing aliphatic substituents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/52—Base number [TBN]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/74—Noack Volatility
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/76—Reduction of noise, shudder, or vibrations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C10N2040/042—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for automatic transmissions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C10N2040/045—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for continuous variable transmission [CVT]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2060/00—Chemical after-treatment of the constituents of the lubricating composition
    • C10N2060/14—Chemical after-treatment of the constituents of the lubricating composition by boron or a compound containing boron

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to lubricating oil compositions suitable for a transmission equipped with a slip-controlled wet clutch and more specifically to transmission lubricating oil compositions suitable for a continuously variable transmission equipped with a slip-controlled wet clutch and a metal belt, in particular a wet starting clutch, which compositions have excellent anti-wear properties for the metal pulleys and metal belt of the transmission and excellent initial anti-shudder properties and can retain the anti-shudder properties for a long period of time because the compositions contain a specific salicylate detergent.
  • Recent automatic transmissions have been demanded to be light and small and sought to be improved in power transmission capability in connection with the increased power output of the engines with which the transmissions are used in combination. Therefore, lubricating oils used for such transmissions have been required to have enhanced lubricating properties, i.e., properties to prevent wear on the surfaces of bearings and gears.
  • Metal belt type continuously variable transmissions have been also increased in torque transmitted between the metal pulleys and metal belt due to the increased power output of the engines. Therefore, the lubricating oil used for such transmissions have been required to have higher torque capacity and properties to prevent wear between the metal surfaces of the metal pulleys and metal belt.
  • transmission lubricating oil compositions in which a friction modifier, a metallic detergent, an ashless dispersant, and an anti-wear agent are optimally added so as to retain the friction characteristics of a lock-up clutch in a good condition and provide long-lasting initial anti-shudder properties (see Patent Documents 1 to 6 below).
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a transmission lubricating oil composition
  • a transmission lubricating oil composition comprising a specific calcium salicylate, an SP-based extreme pressure additive, a specific succinimide and a boron-containing ashless dispersant, each in a specific amount, which composition exhibits excellent properties such as excellent anti-shudder properties and long-lasting fatigue life.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a continuously variable transmission lubricating oil composition containing an organic acid metal salt with a specific structure, an anti-wear agent, and a boron-containing succinimide, as essential components, which composition has both higher friction coefficient between metals and anti-shudder properties for a slip control mechanism.
  • Patent Document 3 discloses a long-lasting continuously variable transmission lubricating oil composition
  • a long-lasting continuously variable transmission lubricating oil composition comprising calcium salicylate, a phosphorus-containing anti-wear agent, a friction modifier, and a dispersant type viscosity index improver, which composition has both a higher friction coefficient between metals and anti-shudder properties for a slip control mechanism.
  • Patent Document 4 discloses a lubricating oil composition comprising a dithiocarbamate compound, a condensate of a branched fatty acid having 8 to 30 carbon atoms and amine, and an aminic anti-oxidant, which composition has excellent and long-lasting anti-shudder properties.
  • Patent Document 5 discloses an automatic transmission fluid composition comprising calcium sulfonate, phosphorus acid esters and further a sarcosine derivative or a reaction product of a carboxylic acid and amine, which composition has long-lasting anti-shudder properties for a slip lock-up mechanism and long-lasting properties to prevent scratch noise in a belt type continuously variable transmission.
  • Patent Document 6 discloses an automatic transmission fluid composition comprising a specific alkaline earth metal sulfonate in a specific amount, which composition is excellent in oxidation stability as a fluid used for an automatic transmission with a slip control mechanism and has long-lasting anti-shudder properties.
  • Patent Document 7 describes that since the monoalkyl type salicylate detergent inhibits the anti-wear effect of a phosphorus-containing additive, the use of a specific amide compound in combination therewith can enhance anti-wear properties for the valve train of an internal combustion engine.
  • Patent Document 7 does not disclose or even suggest any solution for preventing wear in a transmission with a slip controlled type wet clutch, particularly a continuously variable transmission wherein the metal pulleys contact the metal belt under severe conditions or preventing shudder peculiar to the slip controlled type wet clutch for a long period of time.
  • EP-A-1308496 discloses a lubricating transmission fluid comprising a lubricating base oil, a compound comprising a 5-membered ring containing at least two double-bonded nitrogen atoms, and a hydrocarbon ester of a phosphorous acid.
  • the present invention has an object to provide a lubricating oil composition suitable for a continuously variable transmission with a slip-controlled wet clutch, metal pulleys and a metal belt, particularly such a transmission with a slip-controlled starting clutch, which composition has excellent anti-wear properties for the metal pulley and metal belt and initial anti-shudder properties and can retain the anti-shudder properties for a long period of time.
  • the present invention was accomplished on the basis of the finding that the above object was able to be achieved using a specific salicylate detergent, a specific nitrogen compound and a specific phosphorus-containing anti-wear agent in combination.
  • the present invention provides a lubricating oil composition suitable for a transmission with a slip-controlled wet clutch, comprising:
  • the invention is also directed to the use of said lubricating oil composition for a continuously variable transmission with metal pulleys and a metal belt.
  • the invention provides a method of lubricating a continuously variable transmission with metal pulleys and a metal belt and/or a slip-controlled wet clutch, said method comprising the use of said lubricating oil composition.
  • the lubricating base oil of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention may be a mineral base oil or a synthetic base oil.
  • the mineral oil include those which can be produced by subjecting a lubricating oil fraction produced by vacuum-distilling an atmospheric distillation bottom oil resulting from atmospheric distillation of a crude oil, to any one or more treatments selected from solvent deasphalting, solvent extraction, hydrocracking, solvent dewaxing, and hydrorefining; wax-isomerized mineral oils; and those produced by isomerizing GTL WAX (Gas to Liquid Wax).
  • Examples of the synthetic lubricating base oil include polybutenes and hydrogenated compounds thereof; poly-a -olefins such as 1-octene oligomer and 1-decene oligomer, and hydrogenated compounds thereof; diesters such as ditridecyl glutarate, di-2-ethylhexyl adipate, diisodecyl adipate, ditridecyl adipate and di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate; polyol esters such as neopentyl glycol ester, trimethylolpropane caprylate, trimethylolpropane pelargonate, pentaerythritol-2-ethylhexanoate and pentaerythritol pelargonate; aromatic synthetic oils such as alkylnaphthalenes, alkylbenzenes, and aromatic esters; and mixtures of the foregoing.
  • the base oil used in the present invention may be one or more of the mineral base oils or synthetic base oils or a mixed oil of one or more of the mineral base oils and one or more of the synthetic base oils.
  • the lubricating base oil is preferably so adjusted that the kinematic viscosity at 100°C is preferably from 2 to 8 mm 2 /s, more preferably from 2.5 to 6 mm 2 /s, particularly preferably from 3 to 4.5 mm 2 /s.
  • a base oil with a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of greater than 8 mm 2 /s is not preferable because the resulting lubricating oil composition would be poor in low temperature viscosity characteristics while a base oil with a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of less than 2 mm 2 /s is not also preferable because the resulting lubricating oil composition would be poor in lubricity due to its insufficient oil film formation at lubricating sites and large in evaporation loss of the lubricating base oil.
  • the sulfur content in the lubricating base oil is preferably 0.1 percent by mass or less, more preferably 0.05 percent by mass or less, more preferably 0.01 percent by mass or less.
  • the evaporation loss of the lubricating base oil is preferably from 10 to 50 percent by mass, more preferably from 20 to 40 percent by mass, particularly preferably from 22 to 35 percent by mass.
  • the use of a lubricating base oil with a NOACK evaporation loss adjusted within the above ranges renders it possible to achieve both low temperature characteristics and anti-wear properties.
  • the term "NOACK evaporation loss” used herein denotes an evaporation loss measured in accordance with CEC L-40-T-87.
  • the lubricating base oil is preferably a mixture of a base oil with a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of 1.5 to 3.5 mm 2 /s, preferably 2 to 3.2 mm 2 /s, more preferably 2.5 to 3 mm 2 /s, a sulfur content of 0.05 percent by mass or less, preferably 0.01 percent by mass or less, more preferably 0.005 percent by mass or less and a NOACK evaporation loss of 20 to 80 percent by mass, preferably 30 to 65 percent by mass, more preferably 30 to 55 percent by mass and a base oil with a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of 3.5 to 6 mm 2 /s, preferably 3.8 to 4.5 mm 2 /s, more preferably 3.9 to 4.5 mm 2 /s, a sulfur content of 0.05 percent by mass or less, preferably 0.01 percent by mass or less, more preferably 0.005 percent by mass or less, and a NOACK evaporation loss of 5 to 20 percent
  • the above-described mixed base oil may contain a base oil with a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of 6 mm 2 /s or greater, preferably 10 to 35 mm 2 /s, a sulfur content of 0.05 to 1 percent by mass, preferably 0.1 to 0.7 percent by mass, more preferably 0.2 to 0.6 percent by mass, and a NOACK evaporation loss of 10 percent by mass or less, preferably 5 percent by mass or less, more preferably 3 percent by mass or less, in a small amount, for example 5 to 30 percent by mass.
  • a component specifically defined as Component (A) in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is an alkylsalicylic acid metal salt, wherein the component ratio of the monoalkylsalicylic acid metal salt is from 85 to 100 percent by mole, the component ratio of the dialkylsalicylic acid metal salt is from 0 to 15 percent by mole and the component ratio of the 3-alkylsalicylic acid metal salt is from 40 to 100 percent by mole.
  • monoalkylsalicylic acid metal salt denotes an alkylsalicylic acid metal salt having one alkyl group, such as a 3-alkylsalicylic acid metal salt, a 4-alkylsalicylic acid metal salt, and a 5-alkylsalicylic acid metal salt.
  • the component ratio of the monoalkylsalicylic acid metal salt is from 85 to 100 percent by mole, preferably from 88 to 98 percent by mole, more preferably from 90 to 95 percent by mole, on the basis of 100 percent by mole of the alkylsalicylic acid metal salt.
  • the component ratio of the alkylsalicylic acid metal salt other than the monoalkylsalicylic acid metal salt, such as dialkylsalicylic acid metal salts is from 0 to 15 percent by mole, preferably from 2 to 12 percent by mole, more preferably from 5 to 10 percent by mole.
  • the component ratio of the 3-alkylsalicylic acid metal salt is from 40 to 100 percent by mole, preferably from 45 to 80 percent by mole, more preferably from 50 to 60 percent by mole, on the basis of 100 percent by mole of the alkylsalicylic acid metal salt.
  • the total component ratio of the 4-alkylsalicyclic acid metal salt and 5-alkylsalicylic acid metal salt corresponds to the component ratio of the alkylsalicylic acid metal salt excluding the 3-alkylsalicylic acid metal salt and dialkylsalicylic acid metal salt and is from 0 to 60 percent by mole, preferably from 20 to 50 percent by mole, more preferably from 30 to 45 percent by mole, on the basis of 100 percent by mole of the alkylsalicylic acid metal salt.
  • Inclusion of a slight amount of a dialkylsalicylic acid metal salt renders it possible to produce a composition having both anti-wear properties and low temperature characteristics.
  • the component ratio of the 3-alkylsalicylate of 40 percent by mole or more renders it possible to reduce relatively the component ratio of the 5-alkylsalicylic acid metal salt and thus enhance the oil solubility of the resulting composition.
  • alkyl group of the alkylsalicylic acid metal salt constituting Component (A) examples include alkyl groups having 10 to 40, preferably 10 to 19 or 20 to 30, more preferably 14 to 18 or 20 to 26, particularly preferably 14 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • alkyl groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms include those such as decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl, heneicosyl, docosyl, tricosyl, tetracosyl, pentacosyl, hexacosyl, heptacosyl, octacosyl, nonacosyl, and triacontyl groups.
  • These alkyl groups may be straight-chain or branched and primary and secondary alkyl groups. However, secondary alkyl groups are preferable because a salicylic acid metal salt satisfying the above-described requirements for Component (A) can be produced easily.
  • Examples of the metal of the alkylsalicylic acid metal salt include alkali metals such as sodium and potassium, and alkaline earth metals such as calcium and magnesium.
  • the metal is preferably calcium or magnesium, particularly preferably calcium.
  • an alkylsalicylic acid containing a monoalkylsalicylic acid as the main component is produced by alkylating 1 mole of a phenol using 1 mole or more of an olefin having 10 to 40 carbon atoms, such as a polymer or copolymer of ethylene, propylene, or butene, preferably a straight-chain ⁇ -olefin such as an ethylene polymer, and then carboxylating the alkylated phenol using carbon dioxide gas, or alternatively by alkylating 1 mole of salicylic acid using 1 mole or more of such an olefin preferably such a straight-chain ⁇ -olefin.
  • the alkylsalicylic acid is then reacted with a metal base such as an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide or converted to an alkali metal salt such as sodium salt or potassium salt, which alkali metal salt may be further substituted with an alkaline earth metal.
  • a metal base such as an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide
  • an alkali metal salt such as sodium salt or potassium salt
  • alkali metal salt may be further substituted with an alkaline earth metal.
  • the reaction ratio of the phenol or salicylic acid to the olefin is adjusted to preferably 1:1 to 1.15 (molar ratio), more preferably 1:1.05 to 1.1 (molar ratio) because the component ratio of the monoalkylsalicylic acid metal salt to dialkylsalicylic acid metal salt is easily adjusted to the desired ratio required for component (A) specified in the present invention.
  • a straight-chain ⁇ -olefin is used as the olefin because the component ratio of the 3-alkylsalicylic acid metal salt, 5-alkylsalicylic acid metal salt, or the like is easily adjusted to the desired ratio as required for Component (A), and an alkylsalicylic acid metal salt having a secondary alkyl group which is preferable in the present invention can be obtained as the main component.
  • a branched olefin as the above-mentioned olefin is not preferable because only the 5-alkylsalicylic acid metal salt is easily produced, but it is necessary to improve the oil solubility by mixing the 3-alkylsalicylic acid metal salt so as to produce Component (A) with the structure specified by the present invention, making the process variable.
  • Component (A) used in the present invention also includes basic salts produced by heating an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salicylate (neutral salt) produced as described above, together with an excess amount of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt or an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal base (hydroxide or oxide of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal) in the presence of water; and overbased salts produced by reacting such a neutral salt with a base such as a hydroxide of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal in the presence of carbonic acid gas and/or boric acid or borate.
  • neutral salt an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salicylate
  • an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal base hydrooxide or oxide of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal
  • a solvent aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as hexane, aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as xylene, and light lubricating base oil. It is preferred to use a solvent whose metal content is within the range of 1.0 to 20 percent by mass, preferably 2.0 to 16 percent by mass.
  • Component (A) used in the present invention are alkylsalicylic acid metal salts, the component ratios of which monoalkylsalicylic acid metal salt and dialkylsalicylic acid metal salt are from 85 to 95 percent by mole and from 5 to 15 percent by mole respectively, and 3-alkylsalicylic acid metal salt, and both 4-alkylsalicylic acid metal salt and 5-alkylsalicylic acid metal salt are from 50 to 60 percent by mole and from 35 to 45 percent by mole respectively, because the resulting lubricating oil composition will be excellent in initial anti-shudder properties.
  • the alkyl group referred herein is particularly preferably a secondary alkyl group.
  • the base number of Component (A) used in the present invention is usually from 0 to 500 mgKOH/g, preferably from 20 to 450 mgKOH/g, particularly preferably from 100 to 300 mgKOH/g.
  • base number used herein denotes a base number measured by the perchloric acid potentiometric titration method in accordance with section 7 of JIS K2501 "Petroleum products and lubricants-Determination of neutralization number".
  • the content of Component (A) in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably from 0.005 to 0.5 percent by mass, more preferably from 0.01 to 0.2 percent by mass, more preferably from 0.02 to 0.1 percent by mass, particularly preferably from 0.02 to 0.05 percent by mass in terms of metal on the basis of the total mass of the composition in view of anti-wear properties, initial anti-shudder properties and retainability thereof.
  • Component (A) in a relatively less amount is better.
  • Component (B) used in the present invention is a nitrogen compound represented by formula (1):
  • R 1 is a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 30, preferably 6 to 24, more preferably 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • R 2 is hydrogen or a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably hydrogen or a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • the letters "a” and "b” each denote an integer of 1, 2 or 3, preferably 1 or 2, more preferably both denote an integer of 2.
  • straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms for R 1 include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl, heneicosyl, docosyl, tricosyl, tetracosyl, pentacosyl, hexacosyl, heptacosyl, octacosyl, nonacosyl, and triacontyl groups (these alkyl groups may be straight-chain or branched
  • R 1 is an alkyl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms
  • R 2 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms
  • a and b are each 1 or 2 and particularly preferred that R 1 and R 2 are each an alkyl group having 6 to 12, more preferably 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and both a and b are 2.
  • Examples of preferred nitrogen compounds represented by formula (1) include 2,5-bis(alkylthio)-1,3,4-thiadiazole having a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms; 2,5-bis(alkyldithio)-1,3,4-thiadiazole having a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms; 2-(alkylthio)-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole having a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms; 2-(alkyldithio)-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole having a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof.
  • particularly preferred are 2,5-bis(alkyldithio)-1,3,4-thiadiazoles.
  • the content of the nitrogen compound represented by formula (1) in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably from 0.005 to 0.5 percent by mass, more preferably from 0.01 to 0.2 percent by mass, more preferably from 0.02 to 0.15 percent by mass, particularly preferably from 0.03 to 0.14 percent by mass on the basis of the total mass of the composition.
  • the content of the nitrogen compound within the foregoing ranges makes it easy to retain anti-wear properties and anti-shudder properties for a long period of time.
  • Component (C) used in the present invention is a phosphorus-containing anti-wear agent represented by formula (2) below or salts thereof:
  • X 1 , X 2 and X 3 are each oxygen
  • two of R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are independently a hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms
  • one of R 3 , R 4 and R 5 is hydrogen.
  • hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 30 carbon atoms for R 3 to R 5 include alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkyl-substituted cycloalkyl, aryl, alkyl-substituted aryl, and arylalkyl groups.
  • alkyl group examples include those, which may be straight-chain or branched, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl and octadecyl groups.
  • Examples of the cycloalkyl group include those having 5 to 7 carbon atoms, such as cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and cycloheptyl groups.
  • Examples of the alkylcycloalkyl group include those, of which the alkyl group may bond to any position of the cycloalkyl group, having 6 to 11 carbon atoms, such as methylcyclopentyl, dimethylcyclopentyl, methylethylcyclopentyl, diethylcyclopentyl, methylcyclohexyl, dimethylcyclohexyl, methylethylcyclohexyl, diethylcyclohexyl, methylcycloheptyl, dimethylcycloheptyl, methylethylcycloheptyl and diethylcycloheptyl groups.
  • alkenyl group examples include those which may be straight-chain or branched and the position of which the double bond may vary, such as butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, heptenyl, octenyl, nonenyl, decenyl, undecenyl, dodecenyl, tridecenyl, tetradecenyl, pentadecenyl, hexadecenyl, heptadecenyl, and octadecenyl groups.
  • Examples of the aryl group include phenyl and naphtyl groups.
  • Examples of the alkylaryl group include those of which the alkyl group may be straight-chain or branched and bond to any position of the aryl group, having 7 to 18 carbon groups, such as tolyl, xylyl, ethylphenyl, propylphenyl, butylphenyl, pentylphenyl, hexylphenyl, heptylphenyl, octylphenyl, nonylphenyl, decylphenyl, undecylphenyl, and dodecylphenyl groups.
  • arylalkyl group examples include those of which the alkyl group may be straight-chain or branched, having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, such as benzyl, phenylethyl, phenylpropyl, phenylbutyl, phenylpentyl and phenylhexyl groups.
  • the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms for R 3 to R 5 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms or aryl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkyl group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkyl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • Examples of salts of phosphorus compounds represented by formula (2) include salts produced by allowing a phosphorus compound to react with a nitrogen compound such as ammonia, an amine compound having in its molecules only a hydrocarbon group or a hydroxyl group-containing hydrocarbon group, having 1 to 18, preferably 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyleneoxide adduct of such an amine compound, or a metal base such as a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, a metal carbonate and a metal chloride and neutralize the whole or part of the remaining acid hydrogen.
  • a nitrogen compound such as ammonia
  • a metal base such as a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, a metal carbonate and a metal chloride and neutralize the whole or part of the remaining acid hydrogen
  • nitrogen compound examples include ammonia; alkyl-or alkenyl-amines, of which the alkyl or alkenyl group may be straight-chain or branched, such as monomethylamine, monoethylamine, monopropylamine, monobutylamine, monopentylamine, monohexylamine, monoheptylamine, monooctylamine, monolaurylamine, monostearylamine, monooleylaminedimethylamine, methylethylamine, diethylamine, methylpropylamine, ethylpropylamine, dipropylamine, methylbutylamine, ethylbutylamine, propylbutylamine, dibutylamine, dipentylamine, dihexylamine, diheptylamine and dioctylamine; alkanolamines, of which the alkanol group may be straight-chain or branched, such as monomethanolamine, monoethanolamine, monoethanolamine
  • metals of the above-mentioned metal bases include alkali metals such as lithium, sodium, potassium, and cesium, alkaline earth metals such as calcium, magnesium, and barium, and heavy metals such as zinc, copper, iron, lead, nickel, silver, manganese, and molybdenum.
  • alkaline earth metals such as calcium and magnesium, and zinc.
  • One or more Components (C) may be arbitrary blended in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention.
  • Component (C) is preferably one compound or a mixture of two or more compounds, selected from phosphorus acid diesters having an alkyl group having 4 to 8 carbon atoms.
  • the content of Component (C) in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is usually from 0.01 to 5 percent by mass on the basis of the total mass of the composition, but is preferably from 0.001 to 0.1 percent by mass, more preferably from 0.005 to 0.08 percent by mass, more preferably from 0.01 to 0.06 percent by mass, particularly preferably from 0.02 to 0.05 percent by mass in terms of phosphorus.
  • Component (C) contained in the above ranges renders it possible to produce a composition which is excellent in anti-wear properties and initial anti-shudder properties and can easily retain the anti-shudder properties for a long period of time.
  • the mass ratio ((M)/(P)) is preferably from 0.1 to 250, more preferably from 0.5 to 50, more preferably from 0.8 to 5, particularly preferably from 1 to 3.
  • the mass ratio ((B)/(P)) of the content of Component (B) to the content of Component (C) defined by the phosphorus element concentration (P), on the basis of the total mass of the composition is preferably from 0.1 to 250, more preferably from 0.5 to 50, more preferably from 1 to 10, particularly preferably from 1.5 to 5.
  • the mass ratio of each of Components (A) and (B) to the content of Component (C) defined by the phosphorus element concentration (P) within the above-described ranges renders it possible to produce a composition which is excellent in anti-wear properties and initial anti-shudder properties and can easily retain the anti-shudder properties for a long period of time.
  • Components (A), (B) and (C) in combination for the lubricating oil composition of the present invention renders it possible to produce a composition which is excellent in anti-wear properties and initial anti-shudder properties and can easily maintain the anti-shudder properties for a long period of time.
  • conventional lubricating oil additives may be added to the lubricating oil composition of the present invention.
  • additives examples include metallic detergents other than Component (A), ashless dispersants, friction modifiers, anti-oxidants, extreme pressure additives, anti-wear agents, viscosity index improvers, rust inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors, pour point depressants, rubber swelling agents, anti-foaming agents, and dyes. These additives may be used alone or in combination.
  • metallic detergents other than Component (A) examples include salicylate detergents other than Component (A), sulfonate detergents, and phenate detergents.
  • Examples of salicylate detergents other than Component (A) include alkylsalicylic acid metal salts and/or (overbased) basic salts thereof, wherein the component ratio of the dialkylsalicylic acid metal salt having two alkyl groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms is 15 percent by mole or more; dialkylsalicylic acid metal salts having an alkyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms and an alkyl group having 10 to 40 carbon atoms and/or (overbased) basic salts thereof; and alkylsalicylic acid metal salts and/or (overbased) basic metal salts thereof, wherein the component ratio of the 3-alkylsalicylic acid metal salt is less than 40 percent by mole.
  • the metal include alkali metals and alkaline earth metals.
  • sulfonate detergents include alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts, particularly preferably magnesium and/or calcium salts, of alkyl aromatic sulfonic acids, produced by sulfonating an alkyl aromatic compound having a molecular weight of 100 to 1,500, preferably 200 to 700.
  • alkyl aromatic sulfonic acids include petroleum sulfonic acids and synthetic sulfonic acids.
  • the petroleum sulfonic acids may be those produced by sulfonating an alkyl aromatic compound contained in the lubricant fraction of a mineral oil or may be mahogany acid by-produced upon production of white oil.
  • the synthetic sulfonic acids may be those produced by sulfonating an alkyl benzene having a straight-chain or branched alkyl group, produced as a by-product from a plant for producing an alkyl benzene used as the raw material of a detergent or produced by alkylating polyolefin to benzene, or those produced by sulfonating dinonylnaphthalene.
  • the sulfonating agent may be a fuming sulfuric acid or sulfuric acid.
  • phenate detergents include alkaline earth metal salts, particularly magnesium salts and/or calcium salts, of an alkylphenolsulfide produced by reacting an alkylphenol having at least one straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 4 to 30, preferably 6 to 18 carbon atoms with sulfur or a Mannich reaction product of an alkylphenol produced by reacting such an alkylphenol with formaldehyde.
  • the base number of metallic detergents other than Component (A) is usually from 0 to 500 mgKOH/g, preferably from 20 to 450 mgKOH/g.
  • a metallic detergent other than Component (A) When a metallic detergent other than Component (A) is used, it is particularly preferably used in combination with one or more compounds selected from calcium sulfonate detergents and magnesium sulfonate detergents, each having a base number of 0 to 500 mgKOH/g, preferably 100 to 400 mgKOH/g.
  • the use of these sulfonate detergents in combination renders it possible to produce a composition which has excellent and highly well-balanced anti-wear properties, anti-shudder properties and retainability thereof.
  • the content of the metallic detergent other than Component (A) in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is usually from 0.01 to 5 percent by mass, preferably from 0.05 to 1 percent by mass, particularly preferably from 0.1 to 0.5 percent by mass, on the basis of the total mass of the composition.
  • the ashless dispersant which may be used in the present invention may be any compound that is used as an ashless dispersant for a lubricating oil.
  • the ashless dispersant include nitrogen-containing compounds such as succinimides, benzylamines and polyamines, each having in their molecules at least one alkyl or alkenyl group having 40 to 400, preferably 60 to 350 carbon atoms, and derivatives or modified products thereof.
  • the alkyl or alkenyl group having 40 to 400 carbon atoms may be straight-chain or branched and is preferably a branched alkyl or alkenyl group derived from an oligomer of an olefin such as propylene, 1-butene, or isobutylene, or a cooligomer of ethylene and propylene.
  • An alkyl or alkenyl group having fewer than 40 carbon atoms would result in a compound with less dissolubility in a lubricating base oil while an alkyl or alkenyl group having more than 400 carbon atoms would cause the resulting composition to be poor in low-temperature fluidity.
  • the derivatives or modified products of nitrogen-containing compounds exemplified as an example of ashless dispersants include an acid-modified compound produced by allowing any of the above-described nitrogen-containing compounds to react with a monocarboxylic acid having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, such as fatty acid or a polycarboxylic acid having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, such as oxalic acid, phthalic acid, trimellitic acid, and pyromellitic acid, so as to neutralize or amidize the whole or part of the remaining amino and/or imino groups; a boron-modified compound produced by allowing any of the above-described nitrogen-containing compounds to react with boric acid so as to neutralize or amidize the whole or part of the remaining amino and/or imino groups; a phosphorus-modified compound produced by allowing any of the above-described nitrogen-containing compounds to react with phosphoric or phosphorous acid; a sulfur-modified compound produced by allowing any of the above-described nitrogen
  • the lubricating oil composition of the present invention may contain any one compound or two or more compounds, selected from the above-exemplified ashless dispersants in an any amount.
  • the content is usually from 0.1 to 10 percent by mass, on the basis of the total mass of the composition.
  • the lubricating oil composition of the present invention contains preferably a boron-free ashless dispersant and/or a boron-containing ashless dispersant, which are preferably succinimide type ashless dispersants.
  • the content of a boron-free ashless dispersant and/or a boron-containing ashless dispersant is preferably from 0.1 to 10 percent by mass, more preferably from 3 to 6 percent by mass, on the basis of the total mass of the lubricating oil composition.
  • the boron-free ashless dispersant is contained in an amount of preferably 10 percent by mass or less, more preferably 1 to 6 percent by mass, particularly preferably 2 to 4 percent by mass while the boron-containing ashless dispersant is contained in an amount of preferably 6 percent by mass or less, more preferably 0.01 to 4 percent by mass, particularly preferably 0.5 to 2 percent by mass.
  • the mass ratio of the content of the boron-containing ashless dispersant to the total amount of the boron-containing ashless dispersant and the boron-free ashless dispersant is preferably from 0.1 to 1, more preferably from 0.15 to 0.5, particularly preferably from 0.2 to 0.3. Inclusion of a boron-containing ashless dispersant can enhance anti-wear properties and renders it easy to produce a composition having anti-shudder properties and retainability thereof that are excellent in a well-balanced manner and shifting characteristics.
  • the friction modifier which may be used in the present invention may be any compound that is usually used as a friction modifier for a lubricating oil.
  • Specific examples include amine-, imide-, amide-, and fatty acid-type friction modifiers, each having in their molecules at least one alkyl or alkenyl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, particularly a straight-chain alkyl or alkenyl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.
  • amine-type friction modifiers include those such as straight-chain or branched, preferably straight-chain aliphatic monoamines, alkanolamines, and aliphatic polyamines, each having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and alkyleneoxide adducts of these aliphatic amines.
  • imide-type friction modifiers include succinimide-type friction modifiers such as mono and/or bis succinimides having one or two straight-chain or branched, preferably branched hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30, preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms, and succinimide-modified compounds produced by allowing such succinimides to react with one or more compounds selected from boric acid, phosphoric acid, a carboxylic acid having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and sulfur-containing compounds.
  • succinimide-type friction modifiers such as mono and/or bis succinimides having one or two straight-chain or branched, preferably branched hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30, preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms
  • succinimide-modified compounds produced by allowing such succinimides to react with one or more compounds selected from boric acid, phosphoric acid, a carboxylic acid having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and sulfur-containing compounds.
  • amide-type friction modifiers include fatty acid amide-type friction modifiers such as amides of straight-chain or branched, preferably straight-chain fatty acids having 7 to 31 carbon atoms and ammonia, aliphatic monoamines, or aliphatic polyamines.
  • fatty acid-type friction modifiers include straight-chain or branched, preferably straight-chain fatty acids, fatty acid esters of such fatty acids and aliphatic monohydric alcohols or aliphatic polyhydric alcohols, fatty acid metal salts such as alkaline earth metal salts of such fatty acids (magnesium and calcium salts) and zinc salts of such fatty acids.
  • the above-described imide-type friction modifiers in particular succinimide-type friction modifiers not only can enhance the friction coefficient of a wet clutch and thus improve power transmission efficiency but also are effective in significantly improving the anti-shudder durability.
  • the lubricating oil composition of the present invention contains such an aliphatic amine-type friction modifier and/or a fatty acid-type friction modifier.
  • the mass ratio is preferably from 1:5 to 5:1, more preferably from 1:3 to 3:1, particularly preferably from 1:2 to 2:1 because more excellent shifting characteristics can be attained.
  • the lubricating oil composition of the present invention may contain any one compound or two or more compounds selected from the above-exemplified friction modifiers in an any amount.
  • the content is usually from 0.01 to 5.0 percent by mass, preferably from 0.03 to 3.0 percent by mass, on the basis of the total mass of the composition.
  • the anti-oxidant which may be used in the present invention may be any anti-oxidant that is usually used in a lubricating oil, such as phenolic or aminic compounds.
  • anti-oxidants include alkylphenols such as 2-6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol; bisphenols such as methylene-4,4-bisphenol(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol); naphthylamines such as phenyl- ⁇ -naphthylamine; dialkyldiphenylamines; esters of (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)fatty acid (propionic acid) with a monohydric or polyhydric alcohol such as methanol, octadecanol, 1, 6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, thiodiethylene glycol, triethylene glycol and pentaerythritol; phenothiazines; organic metal anti-oxidants such as molybdenum, copper, and zinc; and mixtures thereof.
  • alkylphenols such as 2-6-di-tert-butyl-4
  • One or more of these compounds may be blended in any amount in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention.
  • the content of the anti-oxidants is usually from 0.01 to 5.0 percent by mass, on the basis of the total amount of the composition.
  • a phenolic anti-oxidant and/or an aminic anti-oxidant it is preferred to use a phenolic anti-oxidant and/or an aminic anti-oxidant and particularly preferred to use a phenolic anti-oxidant and an aminic anti-oxidant in combination because anti-shudder properties can be easily retain for a long period of time.
  • the mass ratio therebetween is preferably from 1:5 to 10:1, more preferably from 1:1 to 8:1, more preferably from 2:1 to 6:1.
  • the extreme pressure additive which may be used in the present invention may be any compound that is used as an extreme pressure additive for a lubricating oil.
  • the extreme pressure additive include sulfuric compounds such as dithiocarbamates, disulfides, sulfurized olefins, and sulfurized fats and oils.
  • sulfuric compounds such as dithiocarbamates, disulfides, sulfurized olefins, and sulfurized fats and oils.
  • One or more of these compounds may be blended in any amount in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention. However, the content is usually from 0.01 to 5.0 percent by mass, on the basis of the total mass of the composition.
  • viscosity index improvers include non-dispersant type viscosity index improvers such as polymers or copolymers of one or more monomers selected from various methacrylic acid esters or hydrogenated compounds thereof; and dispersant type viscosity index improvers such as copolymers of various methacrylic acid esters further containing nitrogen compounds.
  • viscosity index improvers include non-dispersant- or dispersant-type ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymers of which the ⁇ -olefin may be propylene, 1-butene, or 1-pentene, or a hydrogenated compound thereof; polyisobutylenes or hydrogenated compounds thereof; styrene-diene hydrogenated copolymers; styrene-maleic anhydride ester copolymers; and polyalkylstyrenes.
  • the number-average molecular weight of the non-dispersant or dispersant type polymethacrylate is from 5,000 to 150,000, preferably from 5,000 to 35,000.
  • the number-average molecular weight of polyisobutylenes or hydrogenated compounds thereof is from 800 to 5,000, preferably from 1,000 to 4,000.
  • the number-average molecular weight of ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymers or hydrogenated compounds thereof is from 800 to 150, 000, preferably from 3,000 to 12,000.
  • One or more compounds selected from these viscosity index improvers may be blended in any amount in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention.
  • the content of the viscosity index improver is usually from 0.1 to 20.0 percent by mass, on the basis of the total amount of the composition.
  • rust inhibitors include alkenyl succinic acids, alkenyl succinic acid esters, polyhydric alcohol esters, petroleum sulfonates, and dinonylnaphthalene sulfonates.
  • corrosion inhibitors examples include benzotriazole-, tolyltriazole-, and imidazole-type compounds.
  • pour point depressants examples include polymethacrylate conforming with a lubricating base oil to be used.
  • rubber swelling agents include aromatic- or ester-type rubber swelling agents.
  • anti-foaming agents examples include silicones such as dimethylsilicone and fluorosilicone.
  • the contents of these additives are optional, the content of the corrosion inhibitor is from 0.005 to 0.2 percent by mass, the content of anti-foaming agent is from 0.0005 to 0.01 percent by mass, and the content of the other additives is from 0.005 to 10 percent by mass, on the basis of the total amount of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention.
  • the kinematic viscosity at 100°C of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is usually from 2 to 25 mm 2 /s, preferably from 3 to 8 mm 2 /s, more preferably from 4 to 7 mm 2 /s, more preferably from 5 to 6 mm 2 /s.
  • the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is a lubricating oil composition which has excellent anti-wear properties for metal pulleys and metal belts and initial anti-shudder properties and can retain the anti-shudder properties for a long period of time, thus suitable for a continuously variable transmission with a slip-controlled wet clutch and a metal belt, particularly a wet starting clutch. Further, the lubricating oil composition is suitably used as a lubricating oil that is required to be improved in anti-wear properties and improve the characteristics of a wet clutch, specifically used for the automatic or manual transmission and the differential gears, of automobiles, construction machines and agricultural machines.
  • the lubricating oil composition can be used as gear oils for industrial uses; lubricating oils for the gasoline engines, diesel engines or gas engines of automobiles such as two- and four-wheeled vehicles, power generators, and ships; turbine oils; and compressor oils.
  • Monoalkyl-type salicylate detergents are excellent in initial anti-shudder properties but inhibit the anti-wear effect of a phosphorus-containing additive and fail to retain anti-shudder properties for a slip-controlled wet clutch.
  • the combination of Component (A) with Components (B) and (C) according to the present invention renders it possible to inhibit wear in a continuously variable transmission wherein the metal pulleys and metal belt contact each other under severe conditions and prevent shudder peculiar to a slip-controlled wet clutch.
  • Lubricating oil compositions of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 set forth in Table 1 were prepared to evaluate (1) initial anti-shudder properties, (2) retainability of the anti-shudder properties, and (3) anti-wear properties, as described below. The results are also set forth in table 1.
  • the ratio of base oils was on the basis of the total base oil mass, and the amount of each additive was on the basis of the total mass of the composition.
  • ⁇ /dV is an index that if it is positive and larger it indicates excellent initial anti-shudder properties while if it is negative it indicates that anti-shudder properties are extremely poor.
  • a four ball wear scar diameter resulting from the use of each composition was measured in accordance with ASTM-D4172. The smaller the scar diameter, the composition is more excellent in anti-wear properties.
  • each of the compositions of Examples 1 to 6 indicated a positive and larger d ⁇ /dV value that is a reference of initial anti-shudder properties and was remarkable in the retainability thereof. It is also confirmed that these compositions formed a scar the diameter of which was 0.50 mm or smaller and were also excellent in anti-wear properties.
  • the compositions (Comparative Examples 1 to 3) not containing any of Components (A) to (C) are significantly poor in initial anti-shudder properties or anti-wear properties.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une composition d'huile lubrifiante qui présente des propriétés excellentes de prévention de l'abrasion d'une poulie métallique ou d'une courroie métallique et de prévention de la secousse initiale, qui peut exercer cette propriété de prévention de la secousse pendant une période prolongée et qui peut être utilisée dans une transmission à variation continue avec un embrayage à coulisse à huile et une courroie métallique. L'invention concerne une composition d'huile lubrifiante comprenant (A) des sels métalliques de l'acide alkylsalicylique composés de 85 à 100 % en moles d'un sel métallique de l'acide monoalkylsalicylique, de 0 à 15 % en moles d'un sel métallique de l'acide dialkylsalicylique et de 40 à 100 % en moles d'un sel métallique de l'acide 3-alkylsalicylique, chaque pourcentage étant basé sur la quantité totale de la composition, et/ou un de leurs sels (per)basiques ; (B) un composé azoté spécifique et (C) un agent anti-abrasion contenant du phosphore dans une huile de base lubrifiante.

Claims (8)

  1. Composition d'huile lubrifiante convenant pour une transmission avec un embrayage à huile avec glissement commandé, comprenant:
    une huile de base lubrifiante;
    (A) un sel métallique d'acide alkylsalicylique, dans lequel la proportion constitutive du sel métallique d'acide monoalkylsalicylique est de 85 à 100 % en moles, la proportion constitutive du sel métallique d'acide dialkylsalicylique est de 0 à 15 % en moles, et la proportion constitutive du sel métallique d'acide 3-alkylsalicylique est de 40 à 100 % en moles ;
    (B) un composé azoté représenté par la formule (1) suivante:
    Figure imgb0009
     dans laquelle R1 est un groupe alkyle à chaîne droite ou ramifiée ayant de 1 à 30 atomes de carbone, R2 est l'hydrogène ou un groupe alkyle à chaîne droite ou ramifiée ayant de 1 à 24 atomes de carbone, et chacun de a et b est indépendamment l'entier 1, 2 ou 3 ; et
    (C) un agent anti-usure qui est un composé phosphoré représenté par la formule (2) suivante:
    Figure imgb0010
     dans laquelle chacun de X1, X2 et X3 est l'oxygène, deux de R3 R4 et R5 sont indépendamment un groupe hydrocarboné ayant de 1 à 30 atomes de carbone, et l'un de R3, R4 et R5 est l'hydrogène.
  2. Composition d'huile lubrifiante selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre un modificateur de coefficient de frottement.
  3. Composition d'huile lubrifiante selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le composant (C) est présent en une quantité de 0,001 à 0,1 % en masse en termes de phosphore sur la base de la masse totale de la composition.
  4. Composition d'huile lubrifiante selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le composant (C) est présent en une quantité de 0,005 à 0,08 % en masse en termes de phosphore sur la base de la masse totale de la composition.
  5. Composition d'huile lubrifiante selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le rapport en masse (M/P) de la teneur en composant (A), définie par la concentration de métal élémentaire (M), sur la teneur en composant (C), définie par la concentration de phosphore élémentaire (P), sur la base de la masse totale de la composition, est de 0,8 à 5.
  6. Composition d'huile lubrifiante selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le rapport en masse (M/P) de la teneur en composant (A), définie par la concentration de métal élémentaire (M), sur la teneur en composant (C), définie par la concentration de phosphore élémentaire (P), sur la base de la masse totale de la composition, est de 1 à 3.
  7. Utilisation de la composition d'huile lubrifiante de l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6 pour une transmission à variation continue avec des poulies métalliques et une courroie métallique.
  8. Procédé de lubrification d'une transmission à variation continue avec des poulies métalliques et une courroie métallique et/ou d'un embrayage à huile avec glissement commandé, ledit procédé comprenant l'utilisation de la composition d'huile lubrifiante de l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6.
EP06782833A 2005-08-15 2006-08-14 Composition d'huile lubrifiante Active EP1918356B1 (fr)

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PCT/JP2006/316274 WO2007021014A1 (fr) 2005-08-15 2006-08-14 Composition d'huile lubrifiante

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JP5922449B2 (ja) * 2012-03-14 2016-05-24 出光興産株式会社 潤滑油組成物
CN104995169A (zh) * 2013-03-06 2015-10-21 吉坤日矿日石能源株式会社 摩擦调节剂和润滑油组合物
JP6425712B2 (ja) * 2013-05-14 2018-11-21 ザ ルブリゾル コーポレイションＴｈｅ Ｌｕｂｒｉｚｏｌ Ｃｏｒｐｏｒａｔｉｏｎ 潤滑組成物および変速機を潤滑する方法
JP2015151490A (ja) 2014-02-17 2015-08-24 出光興産株式会社 潤滑油組成物
US9499765B2 (en) 2015-03-23 2016-11-22 Chevron Japan Ltd. Lubricating oil compositions for construction machines
JP2018119059A (ja) * 2017-01-25 2018-08-02 出光興産株式会社 変速機用潤滑油組成物、変速機の潤滑方法及び変速機
CN110785478B (zh) * 2017-06-30 2022-08-09 雪佛龙奥伦耐有限责任公司 润滑油镁清净剂及其制造和使用方法
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CN101283079B (zh) 2013-02-06
EP1918356A1 (fr) 2008-05-07
CN101283079A (zh) 2008-10-08
US20080139424A1 (en) 2008-06-12
JP2007051178A (ja) 2007-03-01
JP5030402B2 (ja) 2012-09-19
EP1918356A4 (fr) 2008-12-31
WO2007021014A1 (fr) 2007-02-22

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