EP1910462A2 - Stabilisierte hdk suspensionen zur verstärkung von reaktivharzen - Google Patents
Stabilisierte hdk suspensionen zur verstärkung von reaktivharzenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1910462A2 EP1910462A2 EP06764044A EP06764044A EP1910462A2 EP 1910462 A2 EP1910462 A2 EP 1910462A2 EP 06764044 A EP06764044 A EP 06764044A EP 06764044 A EP06764044 A EP 06764044A EP 1910462 A2 EP1910462 A2 EP 1910462A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- groups
- polymer
- suspension
- particulate
- particulate thickener
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 title description 31
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 title description 31
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 172
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 143
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 139
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 71
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical group OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000005372 silanol group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000013466 adhesive and sealant Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000005373 siloxane group Chemical group [SiH2](O*)* 0.000 claims description 8
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001244 carboxylic acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006884 silylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004469 siloxy group Chemical group [SiH3]O* 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SCPYDCQAZCOKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanol Chemical compound [SiH3]O SCPYDCQAZCOKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- KERLBDCVDCDIGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-amino-2-sulfanylprop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C(=C(C(=O)O)S)N KERLBDCVDCDIGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- SNGZPPWZOFOOHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminosulfanylcarbonyl aminosulfanylformate Chemical compound NSC(=O)OC(=O)SN SNGZPPWZOFOOHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000591 gum Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- -1 iron oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 95
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 33
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 28
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 26
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 19
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 19
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 17
- LCFVJGUPQDGYKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=C(OCC2OC2)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C(C=C1)=CC=C1OCC1CO1 LCFVJGUPQDGYKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 229920013730 reactive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 14
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229910002011 hydrophilic fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 9
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 8
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical class C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 7
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 7
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 6
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 6
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- GKJKFGJKZVODEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-oxo-10-piperidin-1-yloxydecanoic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)ON1CCCCC1 GKJKFGJKZVODEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical group [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000005250 alkyl acrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000004103 aminoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000027455 binding Effects 0.000 description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Substances [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical class CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical class CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003586 protic polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012763 reinforcing filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000235 small-angle X-ray scattering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001374 small-angle light scattering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001998 small-angle neutron scattering Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YXRKNIZYMIXSAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-diisocyanatohexane Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O.O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O.O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O YXRKNIZYMIXSAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PVXVWWANJIWJOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-N-ethylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound CCNC(C)CC1=CC=C2OCOC2=C1 PVXVWWANJIWJOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyraldehyde Chemical compound CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QMMZSJPSPRTHGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N MDEA Natural products CC(C)CCCCC=CCC=CC(O)=O QMMZSJPSPRTHGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 3
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000005624 silicic acid group Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000010215 titanium dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 3
- OTCWVYFQGYOYJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-o-methyl 10-o-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) decanedioate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)N(C)C(C)(C)C1 OTCWVYFQGYOYJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- KUBDPQJOLOUJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)oxirane;4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenol Chemical compound ClCC1CO1.C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KUBDPQJOLOUJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminophenol Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propionic aldehyde Chemical compound CCC=O NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001079 Thiokol (polymer) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920004482 WACKER® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002296 dynamic light scattering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006332 epoxy adhesive Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001002 functional polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxal Chemical compound O=CC=O LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 2
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013008 moisture curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000399 optical microscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003961 organosilicon compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005375 organosiloxane group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006294 polydialkylsiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical group CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940116351 sebacate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanamine Chemical compound [SiH3]N FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013467 silicone adhesive and sealant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- MUTGBJKUEZFXGO-OLQVQODUSA-N (3as,7ar)-3a,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1CCC[C@@H]2C(=O)OC(=O)[C@@H]21 MUTGBJKUEZFXGO-OLQVQODUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002818 (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGZQGDTEZPERC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCC(C(O)=O)CC1 PXGZQGDTEZPERC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DMYOHQBLOZMDLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(2-hydroxy-3-piperidin-1-ylpropoxy)phenyl]-3-phenylpropan-1-one Chemical compound C1CCCCN1CC(O)COC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)CCC1=CC=CC=C1 DMYOHQBLOZMDLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YXOBAAZAEIZQCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-oxo-10-(1,2,2,3,3-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl)oxydecanoic acid Chemical compound CN1CCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O)C(C)(C)C1(C)C YXOBAAZAEIZQCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- PTBDIHRZYDMNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)C(O)=O PTBDIHRZYDMNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHTGRDDBCWWKQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,2-dihydroxyethoxy)ethane-1,1-diol Chemical compound OC(O)COCC(O)O DHTGRDDBCWWKQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STMDPCBYJCIZOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-dinitroanilino)-4-methylpentanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C(O)=O)NC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O STMDPCBYJCIZOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTVWZWFKMIUSGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CC(C)(O)CO BTVWZWFKMIUSGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZKQGGPNIFCLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-dimethylhexane-2,2-diol Chemical compound CCCC(C)(C)C(C)(O)O VYZKQGGPNIFCLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNSFRPWPOGYVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCO GNSFRPWPOGYVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCN SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBRVSVVVWCFQMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 YBRVSVVVWCFQMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWIVYGKSHSJHEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-amino-3,5-diethylphenyl)methyl]-2,6-diethylaniline Chemical compound CCC1=C(N)C(CC)=CC(CC=2C=C(CC)C(N)=C(CC)C=2)=C1 NWIVYGKSHSJHEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GZVHEAJQGPRDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 GZVHEAJQGPRDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RREANTFLPGEWEN-MBLPBCRHSA-N 7-[4-[[(3z)-3-[4-amino-5-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl]pyrimidin-2-yl]imino-5-fluoro-2-oxoindol-1-yl]methyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid Chemical class COC1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC(CC=2C(=NC(\N=C/3C4=CC(F)=CC=C4N(CN4CCN(CC4)C=4C(=CC=5C(=O)C(C(O)=O)=CN(C=5C=4)C4CC4)F)C\3=O)=NC=2)N)=C1 RREANTFLPGEWEN-MBLPBCRHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LHFIAMMRYGQCJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl 7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane-4-carboxylate Chemical class C1CC2OC2CC1C(=O)OC1CC2OC2CC1 LHFIAMMRYGQCJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910018512 Al—OH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014033 C-OH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001561902 Chaetodon citrinellus Species 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910014570 C—OH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical class [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013032 Hydrocarbon resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001730 Moisture cure polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical class CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane-1,5-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCO ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000034 Plastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052774 Proactinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020175 SiOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004279 X-ray Guinier Methods 0.000 description 1
- YIMQCDZDWXUDCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1CCC(CO)CC1 YIMQCDZDWXUDCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N acetaldehyde Chemical compound [14CH]([14CH3])=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M acrylate group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)[O-] NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000007259 addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005233 alkylalcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005263 alkylenediamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001414 amino alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-OUBTZVSYSA-N aminoformaldehyde Chemical compound N[13CH]=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920013822 aminosilicone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XXLJGBGJDROPKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony;oxotin Chemical class [Sb].[Sn]=O XXLJGBGJDROPKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005975 antitumor immune response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical class [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical class [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000012216 bentonite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002981 blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QHIWVLPBUQWDMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl prop-2-enoate;methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.COC(=O)C(C)=C.CCCCOC(=O)C=C QHIWVLPBUQWDMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012241 calcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001728 carbonyl compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001734 carboxylic acid salts Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003636 chemical group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000001912 cyanamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001925 cycloalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GGSUCNLOZRCGPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylaniline Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 GGSUCNLOZRCGPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010685 fatty oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ANSXAPJVJOKRDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-f][2]benzofuran-1,3,5,7-tetrone Chemical compound C1=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=CC2=C1C(=O)OC2=O ANSXAPJVJOKRDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940083124 ganglion-blocking antiadrenergic secondary and tertiary amines Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 1
- 229940015043 glyoxal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNCPIMCVTKXXOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C LNCPIMCVTKXXOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006270 hydrocarbon resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004850 liquid epoxy resins (LERs) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002738 metalloids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUDCDMMNYVJLEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-(3-amino-4,5-dibromo-6-iminoxanthen-9-yl)benzoate;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C1=C2C=CC(=N)C(Br)=C2OC2=C(Br)C(N)=CC=C21 MUDCDMMNYVJLEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LAQFLZHBVPULPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(phenyl)silicon Chemical compound C[Si]C1=CC=CC=C1 LAQFLZHBVPULPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009149 molecular binding Effects 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WHIVNJATOVLWBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butan-2-ylidenehydroxylamine Chemical class CCC(C)=NO WHIVNJATOVLWBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012454 non-polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002843 nonmetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001225 nuclear magnetic resonance method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000269 nucleophilic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OTLDLKLSNZMTTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octahydro-1h-4,7-methanoindene-1,5-diyldimethanol Chemical compound C1C2C3C(CO)CCC3C1C(CO)C2 OTLDLKLSNZMTTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RPQRDASANLAFCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxiran-2-ylmethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical class C=CC(=O)OCC1CO1 RPQRDASANLAFCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical class [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001290 polyvinyl ester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002459 porosimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- ANBFRLKBEIFNQU-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;octadecanoate Chemical class [K+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O ANBFRLKBEIFNQU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylenediamine Chemical class CC(N)CN AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012713 reactive precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006254 rheological additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006120 scratch resistant coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920005573 silicon-containing polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003707 silyl modified polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015096 spirit Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001370 static light scattering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006557 surface reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydropyridine hydrochloride Natural products C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003585 thioureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004627 transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003918 triazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic anhydride Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- NUKNNYBZEVDMPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(piperazin-1-ylmethyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CN1CCNCC1 NUKNNYBZEVDMPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UOKUUKOEIMCYAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxysilylmethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)COC(=O)C(C)=C UOKUUKOEIMCYAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004417 unsaturated alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003673 urethanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric aldehyde Natural products CCCCC=O HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014692 zinc oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Zn+2] RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/08—Ingredients agglomerated by treatment with a binding agent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/61—Polysiloxanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/62—Polymers of compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08G18/6216—Polymers of alpha-beta ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids or of derivatives thereof
- C08G18/625—Polymers of alpha-beta ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids; hydrolyzed polymers of esters of these acids
- C08G18/6254—Polymers of alpha-beta ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids and of esters of these acids containing hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/77—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates having heteroatoms in addition to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate nitrogen and oxygen or sulfur
- C08G18/78—Nitrogen
- C08G18/79—Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/791—Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates containing isocyanurate groups
- C08G18/792—Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates containing isocyanurate groups formed by oligomerisation of aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic isocyanates or isothiocyanates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
- C08G59/50—Amines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/16—Solid spheres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/43—Thickening agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
- C09D7/62—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic modified by treatment with other compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
- C08K9/06—Ingredients treated with organic substances with silicon-containing compounds
Definitions
- the invention relates to a suspension and products made therefrom.
- Pyrogenic silica exhibits high space filling and strong interparticle interaction, and generates in liquid
- active fillers which are also particulate thickeners, such as with fumed silica necessary.
- the object of the invention is to improve the state of the art and in particular to provide flowable systems with at the same time a high proportion of conventional "thickening agents" which also serves as reinforcing filler.
- Thickeners are bound in the suspension, in which case binding strong physical bonds and chemical bonds encloses, and so the use of finely divided particles, which are also particulate thickener, for reinforcing reactive resins such as adhesives,
- Coating materials and printing inks by the use of stabilized suspensions according to the invention, such as dispersions, of particulate thickener is made possible.
- particulate thickeners such as precipitated silica and fumed silica, fumed aluminas and titanium dioxides, as reinforcing fillers at a high degree of filling and thus high reinforcing effect and at the same low viscosity, and thus cost-effective handling and good and easy processing of the suspensions of the invention are used.
- An object of the invention is a suspension, characterized in that it contains at least 3% by weight, preferably at least 6% by weight, more preferably at least 12% by weight, more preferably at least 15, most preferably at least 18% by weight, most preferably at least 24% by weight of particulate
- Thickener containing at least one polymer of an amount of at least 5 weight percent, preferably at least 10 weight percent, more preferably at least 20 weight percent, most preferably at least 33 weight percent, more preferably at least 50 weight percent, based on the pure particulate thickener mass without polymer, to this particulate thickener is bound in the suspension, and that optionally at least one further polymer or more polymers is also present in the suspension freely, that the relative viscosity ⁇ re i ⁇ / ⁇ 0 , where ⁇ and T
- the determination of the amount of particulate thickener bound polymer in the suspension can be accomplished, for example, by filtration of the particulate thickener with fine filters, ultrafine filters with and without pressure, for example by pressure nutsche and submicron fine filters.
- the filtrate is preferably washed several times with a suitable solvent, preferably 3 times, more preferably 5 times.
- a suitable solvent is one such that the bound polymer would dissolve well in the unbound state.
- the filter cake is washed until the wash liquor has less than 1 percent by weight polymer based on the particulate thickener used in the analysis run.
- Suitable methods for determining polymer bound to inorganic particulate thickener are elemental analysis for carbon content, nitrogen content, silicon content, nuclear magnetic resonance methods such as 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, 15 N-NMR, 29 Si-NMR, and infrared analysis in the different variants such as FTIR, DRIFT, ATIR.
- o is defined as the ratio of the viscosity ⁇ of the suspension according to the invention contains particulate thickener and the viscosity T
- the particulate thickeners according to the invention are preferably particulate thickeners which are solid at room temperature and under the pressure of the surrounding atmosphere, ie between 900 and 1100 hPa.
- the particulate thickeners according to the invention are preferably insoluble or sparingly soluble in water or in other solvents which can be used to prepare the suspension according to the invention.
- the particulate thickeners according to the invention preferably have a solubility, in water at pH 7.33 and an electrolyte background of 0.11 mol / l and a temperature of 37 0 C, of less than 0.1 g / l, more preferably of less than 0, 05 g / l, at, at the pressure of the surrounding atmosphere, ie between 900 and 1100 hPa.
- the particulate thickeners used according to the invention preferably have a molecular weight of greater than 10,000 g / mol, more preferably a molecular weight of from 50,000 to 100,000,000 g / mol, in particular from 100,000 to 10,000,000 g / mol, in each case preferably measured by means of static light scattering.
- the particulate thickeners used according to the invention preferably have a carbon content of less than 50
- the particulate thickeners according to the invention preferably have a Mohs hardness equal to or greater than 1. Particularly preferably, the particulate thickeners have a Mohs hardness greater than 4, very particularly preferably greater than 5, on.
- organosilicon resins such as silicone resins such as methyl silicone resins, for example consisting of units of the formula [(CH 3) SiC> 3/2] or Phenylsilikon
- Main group such as aluminas, oxides of IV.
- Main group such as silicas, germanium, and the main group, such as antimony oxides, or antimony tin oxides and, for example, oxides of the transition group metals, such as titanium (IV) dioxides, such as zirconium (IV) oxides, such as zinc oxides such as iron oxides, for example, such as ferrous oxides, ferric oxides such as magnetites, ferrites, and oxides of lanthanides such as cerium (IV) oxides; and any mixtures of these oxides, such as silica-alumina mixed oxides of arbitrary composition, preferably containing 20 to 100 weight percent of silica, such as silica-iron (III) oxide mixed oxides of arbitrary composition, preferably having a content of 20 to 100 Weight percent of silica, such as silica-titanium (IV) oxide mixed oxides of any composition, preferably containing 20 to 100 weight percent silica; and insoluble or sparingly soluble ionic
- Preferred particulate thickeners according to the invention are metal oxides having BET specific surface areas of greater than 10 m 2 / g, such as metal oxides prepared by precipitation processes, such as metal oxides produced in high-temperature processes, such as pyrogenic metal oxides produced in flame processes, such as metal oxides produced in plasma processes, as produced in hot-wall reactors Metal oxides and metal oxides produced by laser processes.
- Silica particles, silica particles, aluminum oxide particles, titanium dioxide particles, zirconium dioxide particles, metal carbonates, and plastic particles are preferred as particulate thickeners.
- metal carbonates are preferably precipitated barium carbonates or precipitated calcium carbonates, for example those modified with carboxylic acids and carboxylic acid salts, such as sodium or potassium stearates.
- particulate thickeners to silicas having BET specific surface areas of greater than 10 m 2 / g, more preferably synthetic silicas, such as wet-chemically prepared silicas, such as, for example
- Silica sols and silica gels and precipitated silicas such as pyrogenic silicas produced by flame processes, such as silicon dioxides produced in plasma processes, such as silicon dioxides prepared in hot wall reactors, such as silicon dioxides produced in laser processes
- Fumed silica is preferably prepared at preferred temperatures above 1000 ° C.
- Particulate thickening agents in the suspension may also be selected from any mixtures of the particulate thickeners listed above.
- particulate thickening agents have an average diameter of less than 100 .mu.m.
- the particulate thickeners used according to the invention preferably have an average diameter of greater than 1 nm, preferably from 1 nm to 100 .mu.m, particularly preferably from 10 nm to 10 .mu.m, in particular from 10 nm to 1000 nm.
- the particulate thickeners preferably have an average primary particle particle size d PP of 0.5 to 1000 nm, preferably 5 to 100 nm, more preferably 5 to 50 nm.
- d PP average primary particle particle size
- SAXS small angle X-ray scattering
- SANS small angle neutron scattering
- SALS small angle light scattering
- the total distribution width of all primary particles over all aggregates is preferably greater than 2, more preferably greater than 3, very particularly preferably greater than 5, based on the mean Primary particle diameter of all primary particles.
- the internal distribution width of the primary particles in an aggregate is less than 5, preferably less than 3, more preferably less than 2, most preferably less than 1.5, wherein the internal distribution width represents the ratio between the largest and smallest primary particle diameter in an aggregate.
- the particulate thickeners preferably have an average secondary structure or aggregate particle size d Ag gr of 50 to 5000 nm, preferably 100 to 500 nm, measured as the hydrodynamic diameter.
- Suitable measurement methods for this purpose are, for example, dynamic light scattering or photocorrelation spectroscopy or quasi-elastic light scattering.
- concentrations greater than 0.01% by weight of particulate thickener this measurement can be corrected for multiple scatter by measuring in backscatter, for example at 170 ° to 175 °, or by cross-correlation.
- Further examples of aggregate particle size measurement methods are small-angle X-ray scattering
- SAXS Small Angle Neutron Scattering
- SANS Small Angle Neutron Scattering
- SALS Small Angle Light Scattering
- the total width of all aggregates distribution is greater than 2, more preferably greater than 3, most preferably greater than 5, based on the average aggregate diameter of all aggregates.
- the quotient of the 97.5% total transit value to the 2.5% total pass value of the total distribution width of all aggregate diameters of all aggregates is preferably greater than 2, particularly preferably greater than 3, very particularly preferably greater than 5, very particularly preferably greater than 10.
- the particulate thickening agents preferably have an average tertiary or agglomerate particle size d Ag gi of greater than 100 nm, measured as a geometric diameter. Suitable measurement methods for this purpose are, for example, laser light diffraction or sieving methods.
- the particulate thickeners preferably have a specific surface area of from 1 to 1000 m.sup.2 / g, preferably from 10 to 500 m.sup.2 / g, very particularly preferably from 25 to 350 m.sup.2 / g.
- the BET surface is measured by known methods, preferably in accordance with German industrial standard DIN 66131 and DIN 66132.
- the BET specific surface area of the particulate thickeners is 10-150 m 2 / g, more preferably 30-80 m 2 / g.
- the particulate thickening agents have a fractal dimension of the surface D s of preferably less than or equal to 2.3, preferably less than or equal to 2.1, more preferably from 1.95 to 2.05, the fractal dimension of the surface D s here defined as: Particle surface is proportional to the particle radius R high D s .
- the particulate thickening agents preferably have a fractal dimension of the mass D m of preferably less than or equal to 2.8, preferably equal to or less than 2.5, particularly preferably 1.9 to 2.2.
- the fractal dimension of the mass D m is defined as: Particle mass is proportional to the particle radius R high D m .
- hydrophilic pyrogenic silicas which are freshly prepared and, for example, come directly from the flame, those which have cooled, those which deacidify and are cleaned, those that are stored intermediately or already packaged commercially. It is also possible to use hydrophobized or silylated silicas, for example commercial ones.
- Mixtures of different silicas may be used, e.g. Mixtures of silicic acids of different BET surface area, or mixtures of silicas with different degree of hydrophobing or Silyliergrad.
- the particulate thickeners are hydrophobic particulate thickeners.
- the particulate thickeners are preferably surface-modified
- Metal oxides wherein the surface-modified metal oxides are preferably silylated organosilicon-modified metal oxides, very particularly preferably surface-modified, preferably silylated, organosilicon-compound-modified, fumed silica.
- particulate thickeners which are surface-modified organofunctionally.
- particulate thickeners which are organofunctionally surface-modified with organosilicon compounds
- particulate thickeners which have been prepared according to EP-A-896 029, EP-A-1302444, EP-A-1304332 and EP-A-1473296.
- additional densification processes may be used during the silylation or hydrophobization process be used as compression by suction of the air or gas content by suitable vacuum methods, such as compaction by mechanical methods, such as press rolls, ball mills, edge mills, screw compressors and briquetting.
- deagglomeration processes may additionally be employed during the silylation or hydrophobization process, such as pin mills or refining devices.
- the tap density can be determined according to DIN EN ISO 787-11. Particular preference is given to particulate thickeners having tamping densities according to DIN EN ISO 787-11 of tapped densities greater than 60 g / l, particularly preferably greater than 120 g / l, very particularly preferably greater than 250 g / l, in particular greater than 500 g / l.
- particulate thickening agents form the aggregates of a porosity> 0.5, especially> 0.8, in particular> 0.9, in particular> 0.95.
- particulate thickeners are nanoparticles.
- the particulate thickener and particle-bound polymer in the liquid preferably form a colloidal suspension.
- Colloidal suspension of particulate thickeners means in this case that the transparency of the suspension, measured as a continuous light, ie unabsorbed light, is not less than 50%, preferably less than 25%, more preferably less than 10% than that of the particle-free liquid or crosslinked mass ,
- the particulate thickening agents are preferably distributed colloidally in the suspension.
- the colloidal distribution of the particulate thickening agents in the suspension is indicated by a high transparency of the suspension.
- the transparency is preferably greater than 50%, preferably greater than 75%, particularly preferably greater than 90%, based on the suspension or liquid not containing particulate thickener or crosslinked mass prepared therefrom.
- particulate thickener is mixed in the monomer, oligomer, polymer or resin and dispersed and thereby dispersed and suspended, preferably under the action of shear energy, such as mechanical or ultrasonic shear, for example, are used for predispersion and also for main dispersion dissolver.
- shear energy such as mechanical or ultrasonic shear, for example.
- the dispersing effect of the dissolver is determined by the differential speed between the disk surface and
- the settings of the slots in the stator can be adapted to the task.
- Manufacturer is for example the company Y-ray.
- For the dispersion for example: 3 rolls, in particular for the production of pasty, printing inks; Ball mills, which are used with steel and ceramic balls (20 -30mm diameter) in certain proportions to the material to be ground and agitator ball mills.
- Description of a stirred ball mill In a grinding pot, which is filled with sand or grinding beads, a stirring shaft rotates with grinding discs. The ground material is pumped from below or even in horizontal mills from the end face through the grinding pot, for example.
- the grinding media used are generally sand, hard glass balls and preferably ceramic grinding beads of 0.1 to 3.0 mm.
- the millbase viscosity is these aggregates typically at a viscosity of 0.5 to 4 Pa * s at 25 0 C.
- ultrasound-based dispersing for example, ultrasonic tips, sonolators, ultrasound cells with one or more ultrasonic transducers or one or more Sonotrodes or one or more ultrasonic horns, which can be operated discontinuously or continuously in flow, used.
- Particularly preferred dispersing aggregates such as HIGH PRESSURE HOMOGENIZER and WET JET MILLS offer the possibility of an increased
- dispersing aggregates which are introduced into the dispersant by vigorous shaking, such as Red Devil or Speedmixer Engerie, or Planetary mixers or planetary dissolvers, or for example for systems with high viscosity, for example over 10 Pa * s at 25 0 C, roll mills, kneaders, internal mixers, extruders, such as single extruder, twin screw extruder, preferably according to the invention is a combination of one or more methods , and thereby the particulate thickener is dispersed and suspended.
- the dispersion, oligomer, polymer or resin described above preferably "in situ”, chemisorptively binds to particulate thickener, ie achieves a chemical reaction between oligomer, polymer or resin and particulate thickener, or physico-reactive oligomer, polymer or resin bonded to particulate thickener.
- the suspension of the particulate thickener in the liquid is stable.
- stable means that, after a time greater than 100 hours, sedimentation of the particulate thickening agents of less than 10%, preferably less than 5%, particularly preferably less than 1%, of the total mass of particulate thickener occurs.
- Stable means, according to another method of measurement, that no gelling, no stability or no strain occurs.
- No gelling can be determined by fluidity, even at rest and without external shear.
- No stability, ie flowability means that even at low shear stress, the viscous fraction, the loss modulus G "of the viscoelastic suspension, is greater than the elastic fraction, the storage modulus G 'of the Viscoelastic suspension is preferably measured at a shear stress less than 1 Pa or at a deformation less than 1 percent.
- o, less than 100, preferably less than 50, more preferably less than 10, most preferably 5, more preferably less than 3, outstanding preferably less than 2 and the relative viscosity ⁇ re i ⁇ / ⁇ o with a storage of at least one week, preferably of at least 4 weeks, more preferably of at least 3 months, most preferably of at least 6 months, more preferably of at least 12 months, at a temperature of 4O 0 C by less than a factor of 10, preferably by less than a factor of 10, preferably by less than a factor of 5, more preferably by less than a factor of 2.5, even more preferably by less than a factor of 1.5.
- the liquid phase is a flowable material having a viscosity of 0.1 to 100,000 Pas
- the liquid phase may preferably contain solvents, such as inert and reactive, nonpolar and polar, protic and non-protic solvents.
- Solvents may in pure form have a viscosity of less than 100 mPas at 25 0 C, preferably less than 10 mPas, more preferably less than 2 mPas.
- reactive solvents are preferably reactive diluents, such as monostyrene; such as monoacrylates, such as alkyl acrylates, for example methyl acrylate, such as alkyl alkyl acrylates, such as methyl methacrylate, or Hexyl methacrylate, or oligoalkyl alkyl acrylates, or glycidyl ethers, such as allyl glycidyl ether.
- monostyrene such as monoacrylates, such as alkyl acrylates, for example methyl acrylate, such as alkyl alkyl acrylates, such as methyl methacrylate, or Hexyl methacrylate, or oligoalkyl alkyl acrylates, or glycidyl ethers, such as allyl glycidyl ether.
- inert and non-polar solvents are preferably aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as cyclic, linear and branched saturated hydrocarbons, such as hexanes, such as n-hexane, or cyclohexane, or deans, such as n-decane, and cyclic, linear and branched unsaturated hydrocarbons, such as hexene, and are aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene or xylene, and mixtures of hydrocarbons such as gasoline, such as mineral spirits, such as higher boiling hydrocarbons.
- aliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclic, linear and branched saturated hydrocarbons, such as hexanes, such as n-hexane, or cyclohexane, or deans, such as n-decane
- cyclic, linear and branched unsaturated hydrocarbons such as hexene
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluen
- protic solvents is water.
- protic solvents are preferably alcohols, such as alkyl alcohols, such as methanol, such as ethanol, such as propanols, such as n-propanol and isopropanol, such as butanols.
- alkyl alcohols such as methanol, such as ethanol
- propanols such as n-propanol and isopropanol, such as butanols.
- polar and non-protic solvents are preferably ketones, such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, ethers, such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, and amides, such as dimethylformamide.
- the liquid phase may preferably contain polymers, oligomers, and resins, individually or as any mixtures.
- the liquid phase may contain a plurality of polymers, a plurality of oligomers, and a plurality of resins, individually or as any mixtures.
- Polymer is a compound made up of greater than 3 subunits of a monomer.
- Polymers, oligomers, and resins preferably have a molecular weight of 100 to 10,000,000 mol / g, especially preferably 500-50,000 mol / g, most preferably 500-5,000 mol / g.
- Polymers, oligomers, and resins may preferably be linear, cyclic, or branched, or mixtures of polymers.
- polymers are preferably organosilicon compounds, such as organo (poly) silanes, organo (poly) siloxanes, such as dialkylpolysiloxanes, for example polydimethylsiloxanes, and copolymers thereof, such as polydimethylsiloxane-polyurethane copolymers, obtainable as reaction products of ⁇ , G0-amino-terminated polydimethylsiloxanes and Alkylisocyanaten (available from Wacker-Chemie GmbH under the name Geniomer ® ), such as
- Organo (poly) silazanes and organo (poly) silicarbanes such as Organo (poly) silazanes and organo (poly) silicarbanes; Polyolefins such as polyethylenes and polypropylenes, for example, substituted polylefins such as silyl-terminated polyisobutylenes; Polyurethanes, polyols, such as hydroxyl-containing polyesters, hydroxy-containing polyether, methyldimethoxysilylpropyl-terminated
- Polypropylene glycols available, for example, as "MS polymers” from the company Kaneka Corp. Japan
- polyisocyanates such as aliphatic and aromatic polyisocyanates
- isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymers prepared by reacting polyols with polyisocyanates in excess and their silyated derivatives (eg available under the name DESMOSEAL® from Bayer AG, Germany);
- (poly) epoxy compounds such as bisphenol A and bisphenol F based epoxides, compounds containing monomeric, oligomeric and polymeric glycidoxy functions, such as diglycidyl ethers based on Bisphenol A and bisphenol F, epoxy novolac precursors and resins, epoxyalkyd resins, epoxy acrylates, aliphatic epoxides such as linear alkylene bisglycidyl ethers and cycloaliphatic glycidyl ethers, such as 3,4-epoxycyclohexy
- polymers are preferably film-forming polymers.
- film-forming polymers are physical drying paint binders, such as e.g. Polyvinyl chloride and its copolymers, polyacrylates and their copolymers, polyvinyl acetates and polyvinyl butyrals and their copolymers, bitumen, hydrocarbon resins; Chlorinated rubbers, cyclic rubber, polyurethanes, epoxy resins, epoxy resins-polyester.
- Preferred according to the invention are reactive polymers, reactive oligomers, and reactive resins.
- Preferred examples are reactive polymers, prepolymers, reactive precursors, polymers which can be used as binders, for example for paints and varnishes, adhesives and sealants, or for elastomers and plastic plastics, and which interact with themselves or with the particulate thickeners , react or network.
- Preferred reactive polymers are resin and hardener systems, such as those used for the preparation of resins and elastomers, such as for epoxy resins and elastomers, for polyurethane resins and elastomers, for silicone resins and elastomers, and for acrylates, such as for polyolefins. as for
- Polycarbonates as for polysulfones, as for polysulfides, and as for polyamides.
- polymers and reactive polymers are preferably organic polymers, such as polymers, such as poly (meth) acrylates, such as polyvinyl esters, such as polyvinyl alcohols, such as
- Polyvinyl acetals such as polyvinyl chloride, such as polyfluorinated polyethylenes, with monomeric starting components such as methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, ethylhexyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, acrylic acid, styrene.
- polymers and reactive polymers are preferably organic polymers, such as polycondensation resins, such as oil-free saturated polyesters and oil-modified polyester resins, such as fatty oils, short-, medium- and long-oil alkyd resins,
- modified alkyd resins such as styrene-modified alkyd resins, acrylic acid ester-modified alkyd resins, silicone-modified alkyd resins, urethane-modified alkyd resins, epoxy resin-modified alkyd resins such as oxidatively drying
- Paint binders such as short. Medium and long oil alkyd resins, oil cakes, and combinations thereof, and polyesters.
- polymers and reactive polymers are preferably organic polymers such as chemically or reactively drying Paint binders, such as polyurethanes, such as 1-component and 2-component polyurethanes, such as epoxy resin system, such as 2-component epoxy resin systems, such as epoxies, which are crosslinked with amines, and those which are crosslinked with isocyanates.
- Paint binders such as polyurethanes, such as 1-component and 2-component polyurethanes, such as epoxy resin system, such as 2-component epoxy resin systems, such as epoxies, which are crosslinked with amines, and those which are crosslinked with isocyanates.
- polymers and reactive polymers are preferably silicon-containing polymers, such as polysiloxanes, such as polyorganosiloxanes, such as linear or cyclic dialkylsiloxanes having an average number of dialkylsiloxy units greater than 3.
- the dialkylsiloxanes are preferably dimethylsiloxanes.
- linear polydimethylsiloxanes having the following end groups: trimethylsiloxy-, dimethylhydroxysiloxy-, dimethylchlorosiloxy-, methyldichlorosiloxy-, dimethylmethoxysiloxy-, methyldimethoxysiloxy-, dimethylethoxysiloxy-, methyldiethoxysiloxy-,
- the abovementioned polydimethylsiloxanes preferably have a viscosity at 25 ° C. of from 20 to 10,000,000 mPas, more preferably from 100,000 mPas to 10,000,000 mPas, very particularly preferably from 1,000,000 to 10,000,000 mPas.
- organosiloxanes are preferred.
- Silicone resins in particular those which contain, as the alkyl group R are methyl groups (CH 3) which is particularly preferred are those which contain the R3SiO ⁇ / 2 and SiO 4/2 ⁇ units or those RSiC> 3/2 and optionally R2SiC> Contain 2/2 ⁇ units, wherein R is hydrogen or saturated or unsaturated optionally substituted hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R is hydrogen or saturated or unsaturated optionally substituted hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the organosiloxanes may each be a single species as well as a mixture of at least two species act such substances.
- polymers are preferably silicone oils, such as organofunctional silicone oils, particularly preferably aminoalkyl-functional polysiloxanes, polymethylsiloxanes and
- Polydimethylsiloxanes are silicone resins, particularly preferably organofunctional silicone resins, particularly preferably aminoalkyl-functional silicone resins.
- Preferred examples are silicone copolymers, and hybrid systems containing organopolysiloxanes and silicon atom-free polymers.
- Preferred examples of the present invention are thermoplastic silicone elastomers characterized by .alpha.,. Omega.-terminal termination with 3-aminoalkyldialkylsiloxy radicals such as 3-aminopropyldimethylsiloxy radicals and a degree of
- thermoplastic silicone elastomers preferably have a siloxane content of greater than 80 percent by weight, preferably greater than 90 percent by weight, and are preferably solid at 25 ° C. and have a viscosity of from 10,000 to 100,000 Pas at a temperature of HO 0 C.
- polydimethylsiloxanes are preferably polymers for the preparation of silicone rubbers, such as polymers for the preparation of 1-component or 2-component
- a catalyst such as platinum, palladium or ruthenium
- Examples of condensable groups siloxane is organopolysiloxane, preferably containing units of the formulas SiO 4/2 , R3SiO 1/2 , R2SiO 2/2 and RSiO 372 , wherein R is hydrogen or saturated or unsaturated optionally substituted hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms is.
- Example of silicone resins are preferably those which consist of RSiC> 3/2, RsSiOi / 2 and SiC> a 4/2 units wherein R is hydrogen or saturated or unsaturated optionally substituted hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, in any combination preferably with molecular weights of 100 to 20,000 grams per mole, and a viscosity of 50 to
- silicone resins 50000 mPas at a temperature of 25 ° C. or, if the silicone resins are solids, at a viscosity of the 0.1 to 50% strength by weight solution of the silicone resins in an inert solvent, such as toluene, tetrahydrofuran, methyl ethyl ketone or isobutylene glycol.
- an inert solvent such as toluene, tetrahydrofuran, methyl ethyl ketone or isobutylene glycol.
- Preferred examples are methyl silicone resins and phenyl silicone resins and methyl phenyl silicone resins.
- reactive polymers according to the invention are preferably silane-terminated, silane-functional and organosilane-modified polymers, such as Polymers containing mono-, di- and tri-alkoxysilane radicals, terminal, or linked in the chain.
- silane-terminated polymers prepared via the reaction of aminoalkylalkoxysilane and mono-, di- and / or polyisocyanates, or by copolymerization of
- Methacryloxyalkylsilanes and acrylates or alkylacrylates also with mixed copolymerization with other olefins, such as styrenes, such as monostyrene, alkoxysilane-functional polyols prepared by hand, or by reaction of alkoxysilanes with polyols, such as polyacrylate polyols,
- Polyester polyols or polyether polyols as used for the production of polyurethanes.
- the silane termination of polyacrylate polyols can be carried out by copolymerization with methacryloxy-functional alkoxysilanes, such as 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane or preferably with 1-methacryloxymethyltrimethoxysilane.
- silane termination of polyisocyanates can be carried out by reaction with amino-functional alkoxysilanes, such as 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane or preferably with 1-piperazinomethyltrimethoxysilane.
- amino-functional alkoxysilanes such as 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane or preferably with 1-piperazinomethyltrimethoxysilane.
- reactive polymers which are preferred according to the invention are preferably epoxy-functional or glycidoxy-functional monomers, oligomers or polymers, such as epoxide resins, such as diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A, cycloaliphatic epoxides, as used, for example, for producing epoxy adhesives, composites, glass-fiber-reinforced epoxides. Plastics and epoxy surface coatings are used.
- epoxides are preferably epoxy resins, such as liquid, semi-solid, solid epoxy resins, epoxy resins consisting for example of binders, bisphenol A and / or bisphenol F and phenol novolak glycidyl ether, cresol novolak glycidyl ether, cycloaliphatic glycidyl compounds and epoxidized cycloolefins and hardeners based on aliphatic amines, such as polyfunctional amines based on
- Polyetherpolyamines alkylenediamines, such as propylenediamines, or cycloaliphatic amines, polyaminoamides, Mannich bases, epoxide adducts, mercaptans, acid anhydrides.
- epoxy compounds are preferably cycloaliphatic epoxides, and alkylene bisglycidyl ethers, such as
- Bisphenol A based di-glycidyl ethers such as
- n preferably from 0 to 10, particularly preferably 0 to 5
- epoxy novolac resins such as those of the formula
- bifunctional epoxy compounds such as cycloaliphatic epoxy compounds
- reactive polymers which are preferred according to the invention are preferably amino-functional polymers, oligomers or monomers, such as polyalkylene oxides, which are amino-functional, such as Jeffamine, as used, for example, for producing elastic and semi-elastic epoxy adhesives, composites, glass-fiber-reinforced epoxy resins. Plastics and epoxy surface coatings used as a hardener.
- reactive polymers are preferably amino group-containing monomers, oligomers, polymers and resins, such as hardeners for epoxy systems or hardeners for polyurethane systems, or hardeners for moisture-curing 1-component silicone adhesives and sealants, or leveling and flow aids, For example, be used as additives in coating systems, or mixtures thereof.
- polymers are preferably unsaturated polyester resins derived from di-, tri-, and mono- or polyfunctional carboxylic acids and their anhydrides, such as phthalic anhydride, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, tetrahydroxophthalic anhydride, hexahydroxoterephthalic acid, adipic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid , Decanedicarboxylic acid, dimerized fatty acids, trimellitic anhydride, pyromellitic anhydride, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, dimethylolpropionic acid and mono- or polyhydric alcohols, such as polyols, such as ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, diethylene glycol, 1, 4- Butanediol, 1, 6-hexaned
- Benzoguanamine consist of amino compounds such as aromatic amines, carboxylic acid amides, cyanamides, guanamines, guanediamines, ureas, sulfonamines, Sulfurylamiden, thioureas, triazines (melamine resins),
- Urethanes and carbonyl compounds such as, acetaldehyde, acetone,
- polymers and reactive polymers according to the invention are preferably polyaddition resins such as polyurethanes, such as, for example, 2-component polyurethanes, 1-component polyurethanes, 1-component moisture-curing polyurethanes obtained from prepolymers such as polyisocyanates, prepared from base products such as aromatic diisocyanates such as toluene diisocyanate, methylene diphenyl diisocyanate, xylene diisocyanate, aliphatic diisocyanates such as hexamethylene diisocyanate or hexyl diisocyanate, cycloaliphatic diisocyanates, and the isomeric mixtures of the respective diisocyanates listed, blocked or protected polyisocyanates based on typical blocking agents such as malonic esters and acetoacetic esters, secondary amines, Butanone oximes, phenols, caprolactams, alcohols.
- polyurethanes such as, for example,
- the suspension preferably contains at least one polymer which is physisorptively bound to one or more particulate thickening agents.
- the polymers may be physisorptive via preferably van der Waals forces, such as London's fluctuating dipoles or dispersion energy, Debye dipoles, Keesoms-induced dipoles, hydrogen bonds, or hydrogen bonds, especially between -OH, -NH, - SH, -CO, -F, -Cl groups on the one hand, and -OH, -NH, -SH groups on the other, as well as coordinative, ionic, and ionic Lewis acid-base bonds, Brönsted acid-base bonds, and interactions between electrophilic and nucleophilic groups bound.
- van der Waals forces such as London's fluctuating dipoles or dispersion energy, Debye dipoles, Keesoms-induced dipoles, hydrogen bonds, or hydrogen bonds, especially between -OH, -NH, - SH, -CO, -F, -Cl groups on the one hand, and -OH, -NH, -SH groups on the other, as well as co
- polymers attached to particulate thickener preferably contain carboxyl groups which may be end-capped and / or pendant in the polymer, preferred examples being polyesters preferably containing such carboxyl groups conjugated to unsaturated olefinic groups, further preferred examples Polymers containing oxygen ether atoms that exhibit nucleophilicity or weak basicity.
- the suspension preferably contains basic oxygen atoms bound to particulate thickener.
- polymers for this are polyalkylene oxides, polyols, polyesters.
- Preferred examples are polyesters, for example those which can be crosslinked with melamine.
- Further preferred examples of polymers are polyols, such as polyester polyols, polyacrylate polyols, polyalkylene oxide polyols, as are used, for example, for the preparation of 1- and 2-component polyurethanes.
- physisorptively bound to particulate thickener polymers are coating additives and flow control agents, for example, polyalkylene oxide-modified polydialkylsiloxanes, particularly preferred
- Polydimethylsiloxanes Preferred examples are ⁇ , G0 terminal, or chain, or linear or branched, or copolymers, or block or block copolymers, propylene group bonded, polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide modified polydimethylsiloxanes, wherein one C atom of the propylene group on Si atom of the siloxane and another C atom of the propylene group is bonded to an O atom of the polyalkylene oxide.
- the polyalkylene oxide-modified polydialkylsiloxanes have a viscosity at 25 0 C of 100 to 100,000 mPas, particularly preferably from 500 to 5,000 mPas, and are used in amounts based on the particulate thickeners of preferably 0.1 to 10 weight percent, more preferably from 0 , 5 to 2.5 weight percent used.
- the suspension preferably contains greater than 3% by weight, preferably greater than 12% by weight, more preferably greater than 15% by weight and most preferably greater than 18% by weight of particulate thickener, preferably fumed silica with a BET specific surface area greater than 150 m 2 / g. If the particulate thickener contains a fumed silica having a BET specific surface area of less than 150 m 2 / g, then the suspension contains greater than 20 percent by weight, more preferably greater than 30
- the relative viscosity ⁇ re i is less than 100, preferably less than 50, particularly preferably less than 10, very particularly preferably less than 5, in particular preferably less than 3 and outstandingly preferably less than 2.
- the suspension preferably contains at least one polymer chemisorptively bound to one or more particulate thickening agents.
- the suspension contains at least one polymer which is chemisorptively bound to said particulate thickener, said particulate thickener being provided by partial or total surface modification with surface groups which chemically react with the polymer.
- the suspension contains at least one polymer which is chemisorptively bound to this particulate thickener, this particulate thickener being provided with organofunctional siloxy groups by partial or complete silylation, prepared for example according to EP-A-896 029, EP-A-1302444, EP-A-1304332, and EP-A-1473296, and which chemically react with the polymer.
- the polymers On the surface of the particulate thickener, the polymers may be bound chemisorptively via at least one bond per polymer molecule, preferably bound over several bonds per polymer molecule.
- the suspension contains various polymers which are preferably bound to one or more particulate thickening agents chemisorptive and physisorptive, or else as a mixture of these types of binding.
- Polymer bound to particulate thickener can be prepared by surface modification of particulate thickener with polymer.
- the polymer bound to the particulate thickener may preferably be prepared by "in situ" surface modification of a particulate thickener with a polymer.
- "In situ" surface modification of particulate thickener with polymer means that particulate thickener is dispersed in polymer, or polymer mixture or in polymer solvent mixture and thereby or during dispersion or after dispersion, the polymer is bound to particulate thickener, chemically or physically
- the chemical or physical distinction is given by the binding energy of a single molecular binding site: below 70 kcal per mole there is a physical bond, above 70 kcal per mole there is chemical bonding.
- the polymer is preferably bound in the suspension to particulate thickener by high shear energy dispersing according to the invention, as described above
- high shear energy Preparation of the suspension according to the invention under the action of high shear energy, of optionally reactive particulate thickeners which may contain, for example, reactive organofunctional siloxy or alkylsiloxy groups, for example prepared according to EP-A-896 029, EP-A-1302444, EP-A- 1304332, and EP-A-1473296 in optionally reactive polymers, for example as described above under reactive polymers.
- Thickener greater than 10 parts of polymer, preferably greater than 20 parts, more preferably greater than 50 parts, most preferably greater than 100 parts of polymer bound.
- the suspension preferably contains at least one polymer chemisorptively bound to these particulate thickeners, this particulate thickener preferably epoxy groups, amino groups, mercapto groups, acrylate groups, isocyanate groups, protected isocyanate group, carboxylic anhydride groups or Carbinol groups which react chemically with the polymer.
- this particulate thickener preferably epoxy groups, amino groups, mercapto groups, acrylate groups, isocyanate groups, protected isocyanate group, carboxylic anhydride groups or Carbinol groups which react chemically with the polymer.
- the respective chemical groups may be present alone or in any mixtures with each other.
- suspension according to the invention is preferably epoxy-functionalized particulate thickener, preferably silica, more preferably fumed silica, in amino-containing monomers, oligomers, polymers and resins, such as hardeners for epoxy systems, or hardeners for polyurethane systems , or harder for moisture-crosslinking 1-component silicone adhesives and sealants, or leveling and flow aids in coating systems, for example as additives, or mixtures thereof, is suspended, as above and, according to the invention, a chemical reaction, preferably "in situ", of the primary (-NH 2 ) or secondary (-NH) amino group of the polymer with the surface-bound epoxy groups of the particulate thickener takes place.
- a chemical reaction preferably "in situ" of the primary (-NH 2 ) or secondary (-NH) amino group of the polymer with the surface-bound epoxy groups of the particulate thickener takes place.
- the particulate thickener preferably fumed silica
- the particulate thickener is preferably epoxy-functional surface-functionalized metal oxide or silica, preferably pyrogenic silica prepared, for example, in EP-A-896,029, EP-A-1302444, EP-A-1304332 and EP-A-1473296.
- the suspension according to the invention preferably comprises particulate thickening agents, such as preferably metal oxides, preferably silica, particularly preferably fumed silica, which are fully or partially surface-functionalized with epoxy groups, ie only 10-90%, preferably 25-75% of the surface and surface silanol groups with epoxy groups. Silane are implemented.
- particulate thickening agents such as preferably metal oxides, preferably silica, particularly preferably fumed silica, which are fully or partially surface-functionalized with epoxy groups, ie only 10-90%, preferably 25-75% of the surface and surface silanol groups with epoxy groups. Silane are implemented.
- the suspension according to the invention preferably contains at least 3% by weight, preferably from 3 to 50, particularly preferably from 3 to 25, in particular preferably from 10 to 20% by weight of particulate thickener, preferably pyrogenic silica.
- the dispersing of the particulate thickener, preferably fumed silica can be carried out in the presence of a solvent, in a ratio of 0.1 to 10 to the system polymer and particulate thickener;
- the dispersion can also be carried out without solvent, for sealing and adhesive systems preferred without solvent, for coating systems preferably with solvent.
- the suspension according to the invention preferably contains greater than 5, preferably greater than 10, particularly preferably greater than 15 and very preferably greater than 18 percent by weight of particulate thickener, preferably metal oxide, more preferably silica, most preferably fumed silica which functionalises epoxy groups and has a BET specific surface area greater than 150 m 2 / g.
- the suspension according to the invention contains, based on amino-containing polymers, greater than 10, preferably greater than 15, particularly preferably greater than 25 and very particularly preferably greater than 35 percent by weight of a particulate thickener, preferably metal oxide, particularly preferably silica, very particularly preferably fumed silica which surface-functionalizes epoxy groups and has a BET specific surface area smaller than 150 m 2 / g.
- a particulate thickener preferably metal oxide, particularly preferably silica, very particularly preferably fumed silica which surface-functionalizes epoxy groups and has a BET specific surface area smaller than 150 m 2 / g.
- the particulate thickeners which can be isolated from the suspension according to the invention preferably fumed silica, preferably have a carbon content of greater than 2, preferably from 3 to 50 and more preferably from 5 to 50 percent by weight.
- the isolatable from the suspension of the invention particulate thickener preferably fumed silica, have a content of preferably extractable by means of tetrahydrofuran components of greater than 5, preferably 5 to 100 and particularly preferably from 10 to 50 weight percent.
- the suspension preferably contains at least one polymer which contains epoxy groups and preferably the particulate thickener contains amino groups, mercapto groups, carboxylic anhydride groups and carbinol groups, where the respective group may be present alone or in any desired mixtures which chemisorptively bind the polymer.
- the suspensions preferably contain particulate thickening agent, preferably with
- Amino groups preferably aminoalkyl groups
- this particulate thickener partially or completely, preferably in "in-situ” processes, epoxy-functional or glycidoxy-functional monomers, oligomers or polymers, such as epoxy resins, are reacted
- Example according to the invention by reacting silica-functionalized, preferably fumed silica functionalized with amino groups, in an epoxy-functional monomer, oligomer, polymer or resin and dispersed as described above to prepare the suspension according to the invention, preferably under the action of high shear energy such described above, or by combination of one or more of the methods described above, and thereby dispersed and suspended, and according to the invention, preferably "in situ", a chemical reaction of the epoxy groups of the epoxy monomer as described above, Oligomer, polymer or resin with the amino groups of the particulate thickener, preferably fumed silica, so for example one of the typical epoxy-amine crosslinking reactions.
- the particulate thickeners preferably fumed silica, preferably contain from 1 to 50% by weight, particularly preferably from 1 to 20% by weight, particularly preferably from 5 to 15% by weight surface-bound amino groups, such as aminoalkylsiloxy groups, such as primary, -NH 2, and secondary, -NH, amino groups.
- surface-bound amino groups such as aminoalkylsiloxy groups, such as primary, -NH 2, and secondary, -NH, amino groups.
- the suspension contains greater than 3 percent by weight, preferably from 3 to
- particulate thickener preferably fumed silica.
- the dispersing of the particulate thickener, preferably fumed silica can be done in the presence of a solvent, in a ratio of 0.1 to 10 to the bulk polymers and particulate thickeners;
- the dispersion can also be carried out without solvent, for sealing and adhesive systems preferably without solvent, for coating systems preferably with solvent.
- suspensions preferably contain particulate thickener which has silanol groups and siloxane groups and to which monomers, oligomers or polymers, such as polyols, such as acrylate polyols, such as polyester polyols, such as polyether polyols, can be bound physisorptively.
- the suspension contains greater than 3 percent by weight, preferably from 3 to 50, particularly preferably from 3 to 25 percent by weight, in particular preferably from 10 to 20
- Weight percent particulate thickener preferably fumed silica.
- the dispersing of the particulate thickener preferably fumed silica, can be carried out in the presence of a
- Solvent in the ratio 0.1 to 10 to the mass of polymers and particulate thickeners;
- the dispersion can also be carried out without solvent, for sealing and adhesive systems preferably without solvent, for coating systems preferably with solvent.
- the suspension preferably contains at least one polymer containing isocyanate groups and wherein the particulate thickener silanol, siloxane, amino, and carbinol groups, wherein the respective group may be present alone or in any mixtures with each other, chemisorptive with the polymer tie.
- suspensions preferably contain particulate thickener which is preferred with amino groups Aminoalkyl weakness is functionalized and to this particulate thickener, partially or completely, preferably in "in-situ” processes, isocyanate-functional or protected isocyanate-functional monomers, oligomers or polymers, such as isocyanate-functional polymers, the
- Preparation of 1- and 2-component polyurethanes are reacted.
- This can be done, for example, according to the invention by mixing and dispersing silica-functionalized silicic acid, preferably fumed silica functionalized with aminoalkyl groups, into an isocyanate-functional monomer, oligomer, polymer or resin, preferably under the action of high shear energy as described above, or a combination by one or more of the methods described above, and thereby dispersed and suspended, and according to the invention, preferably "in situ", a chemical reaction of the isocyanate groups of the isocyanate monomer, oligomer, polymer or resin as described above with the Amino groups of the particulate thickener, preferably fumed silica prepared according to EP-A-1304332 takes place, that is, for example, a typical isocyanate-amine or urethane crosslinking reactions.
- the particulate thickeners preferably fumed silica, preferably contain from 1 to 50% by weight, particularly preferably from 1 to 20% by weight, more preferably from 5 to 15% by weight surface-bound amino groups, such as aminoalkylsiloxy groups, such as primary -NH 2, and secondary, -NH, amino groups , Particular preference is given to particulate thickeners, preferably metal oxides, particularly preferably pyrogenic silica, which are partially surface-functionalized with amino groups, ie only 10-90%, preferably 25-75% of the surfaces, preferably surface silanol groups, are reacted with aminosilane.
- the suspension contains from 3 to 50 percent by weight particularly preferably from 3 to 25% by weight, in particular preferably from 10 to 20% by weight, of particulate thickening agents, preferably pyrogenic silica.
- particulate thickening agents preferably pyrogenic silica.
- the dispersing of the particulate thickener, preferably fumed silica, can be carried out in the presence of a
- Solvent in the ratio 0.1 to 10 to the mass of polymers and particulate thickeners;
- the dispersion can also be carried out without solvent, for sealing and adhesive systems preferably without solvent, for coating systems preferably with solvent.
- the suspension preferably contains at least one polymer which preferably contains amino groups and a particulate thickener which has silanol groups, carbinol groups and carboxylic acid groups, it being possible for the respective groups to be present alone or in any mixtures which bind the polymer in a physisorptive manner.
- Preferred according to the invention is a suspension which contains particulate thickening agents, which preferably carries acidic groups, such as acidic metal, metalloid and
- Non-metal hydroxide groups such as -OH groups, such as B-OH, P-OH, Al-OH, Si-OH, Ge-OH, Zr-OH groups, particularly preferably silanol groups (Si-OH) of the silica surface, particularly preferably silanol groups of the fumed silica surface , and containing on the surface of particulate thickener polymers having basic groups, such as amines, such as primary, secondary and tertiary amines, such as polymers bearing amino groups, such as primary, secondary or tertiary amines, such as alkylene di-, tri- and Polyamines, such as amino group-containing polyalkylene oxides, such as Jeffamine, or aliphatic or arylaliphatic polyamines and polyamidiamines, aminosiloxanes, such as linear and branched aminosiloxanes, such as liquid and solid aminosiloxanes, such as aminosiloxane polymers or resins, for example polydimethyls
- Particularly preferred according to the invention are primary, secondary and tertiary amino alcohols and their esters with mono-, di- and polycarboxylic acids.
- Preferred examples of amino alcohols are cyclic amino alcohols such as piperidine alcohols such as 4-piperidine alcohols.
- Preferred examples of carboxylic acids are dicarboxylic acid having 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferably 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
- piperidinyl sebacates such as, for example, piperdinylesterified O, G0-dicarboxylic acids, particularly preferably bis-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidinyl-sebacate or methyl-1,2,2,6,6 Pentamethyl-4-piperidinyl-sebacate), and mixtures thereof, which are used as liquid light stabilizers (HALS: hindered-amine light stabilizer)).
- HALS hindered-amine light stabilizer
- a suspension which contains particulate thickening agents, particularly preferably fumed silica, preferably those containing SiOH groups, and basic polymer containing basic particulate thickeners, such as aminopolysiloxane, such as polydimethylsiloxanes having terminal or in the chain bonded to an Si atom
- Alkylamino groups such as 2-amino-ethyl-3-amino-propyl groups, 3-amino-propyl or 1-amino-methyl groups, having a viscosity at 25 0 C of 500-5000 mPas and an amine value of 0.5 to 10.
- the invention preferably contains the suspension, at least one polymer containing carboxylic acid groups and particulate thickener having the amino groups, wherein the respective group alone or in any mixtures be present together, which bind the polymer physisorptive.
- the suspension preferably contains particulate thickeners which contain basic groups and polymers which are bonded to particulate thickeners and contain acidic groups.
- An inventively particularly preferred example of particulate thickeners containing basic groups are here preferably metal oxides, preferably silicic acids, particularly preferably fumed silica which are partially surface-functionalized with aminoalkylsiloxy groups, ie those in which 10 to 90%, preferably 25-75% of the total surface are silylated , preferably those in which 10 to 90%, preferably 25-75%, of the surface silanol groups of the untreated silica are substituted with aminoalkylsiloxy groups.
- Preferred examples are particulate thickeners, such as, preferably, metal oxides, such as silicic acids, preferably pyrogenic silicas functionalized with aminoalkyl groups, prepared as described in EP-A-896 029, EP-A-1302444, EP-A-1304332, and EP-A- 1473296 described.
- metal oxides such as silicic acids, preferably pyrogenic silicas functionalized with aminoalkyl groups
- a preferred example of acidic group-containing polymer according to the invention are preferably polymers which contain acidic carboxyl groups (-COOH) terminally and laterally or only laterally or only terminally, such as polyacrylates, such as polyalkylalkylacrylates, such as polyesters, or weakly acidic hydroxyl groups (-OH).
- polyacrylates such as polyalkylalkylacrylates, such as polyesters, or weakly acidic hydroxyl groups (-OH).
- carbinol (-C-OH) groups in alcohols and polyols, such as polyesters, especially those with measurable amounts of free carboxylic acid groups (-COOH) groups, such as those polymers such as for the preparation of 1-component and 2-component polyurethanes for Surfaces- Coatings, adhesives and sealants, glass fiber reinforced plastics are used, in particular those having an acid number according to DIN 53402 or ISO 3682 greater than 1 ml / g, preferably greater than 5 ml / g, more preferably greater than 10 ml / g, most preferably greater than 20 ml / g, more preferably greater than 50 ml / g.
- suspensions contain greater than 1 percent by weight of carboxyl-containing polymer having an acid number greater than 1 ml / g and greater than 5 weight percent, preferably greater than 10 weight percent, more preferably greater than 15 weight percent and most preferably greater than 18 weight percent of a particulate thickener surface-functionalized with aminoalkylsiloxy groups , such as preferably metal oxides, preferably silica, particularly preferably fumed silica, for example prepared according to EP-A-1304332, with a specific surface area of greater than 150 m 2 / g according to BET.
- the suspension according to the invention particularly preferably contains 25% by weight and very particularly preferably more than 35% by weight of a fumed silica having a specific surface area of less than 150 m 2 / g according to BET.
- a preferred example of a suspension according to the invention is preferably polysiloxane, preferably polyalkylsiloxane, more preferably polydimethylsiloxane containing particulate thickener, preferably fumed silica, with polysiloxane, preferably polyalkylsiloxane, especially preferably polydimethylsiloxane grafted.
- polysiloxane preferably polyalkylsiloxane, more preferably polydimethylsiloxane containing particulate thickener, preferably fumed silica
- polysiloxane preferably polyalkylsiloxane, especially preferably polydimethylsiloxane grafted.
- This is preferably done by Aufpolykondensieren or grafting of polydimethylsiloxane on pyrogenic KIESELS ⁇ URE, this can be done by basic, for example with amines or ammonia, catalysis. This can be done, for example, by thermal
- temperatures of greater than 15O 0 C preferably greater than 200 0 C, required at reaction times greater than 5 hours or preferably at temperatures greater than 25O 0 C, more preferably greater than 300 0 C at reaction times of less than 1 hour.
- a minimum reaction time of reaction time of less than 15 minutes should not fall below and a maximum temperature of greater than 400 0 C, preferably not greater than 35O 0 C should not be exceeded.
- Another preferred chemical reaction can be achieved oxidatively at temperatures greater than 100 0 C and oxygen content of greater than 1 percent by volume; a favorable for process reasons preferred variant is the mechano-chemically induced reaction at temperatures greater than -4O 0 C and average shear rates greater than 1000 s "1 and local shear rates greater than 10000 s " 1 .
- This can be done by suspending and dispersing the silicic acid with high shear aggregates which introduce globally and locally very high shear energies into the suspension, such as mixing turbines, such as high speed kneaders or rolls such as 2 rolls, preferably with a friction greater than 1.01 or so 3-roll.
- Suspensions exhibiting a fluidity and a soft mass, at a degree of filling of the suspension of up to 50 weight percent of particulate thickener.
- the particulate thickener preferably fumed silica, a content of polydimethylsiloxane of greater than 10, preferably greater than 25, more preferably greater than 33, more preferably greater than 50 weight percent, measured over the carbon content of greater than 3.3, preferably greater than 8, more preferably greater 11, more preferably larger 50 weight percent.
- This can preferably be determined for the purpose of analysis by extraction / dissolution and sedimentation with decanting or dissolving and separating centrifuging, and then measuring the isolated particulate thickener, preferably pyrogenic silica on carbon content, for example by elemental analysis.
- Coating material, adhesive and sealant may preferably be produced, at least using the suspension according to the invention.
- synthetic or natural rubber or rubber at least using the suspension according to the invention can be prepared.
- Suspensions according to the invention can be used for the preparation of preferably coating materials, preferably for scratch-resistant coating materials and coating materials with improved surface mechanics, for the production of adhesives and sealants, preferably for high-strength and impact-resistant adhesives and sealants.
- particulate thickeners such as precipitated silica and fumed silica, pyrogenic
- Suspensions according to the invention can be used preferably for the preparation of coating materials, adhesives and sealants with a high loading of particulate matter Thickener at the same time low viscosity and thus excellent processability can be used.
- the suspensions according to the invention can preferably be used for the preparation of peroxide crosslinked or addition-crosslinked silicone rubbers of high degree of filling with pyrogenic silica and high strength, high modulus, high notch strength and high elasticity of the crosslinked compositions while excellent processing properties such as flowability of the uncrosslinked compositions.
- the suspensions according to the invention can preferably be used to produce high-strength and / or elastic coatings, epoxy-based adhesives and sealants, with high strength, high modulus, high energy fracture and high impact strength, using epoxies as binders and using Jeffamines, polymeric amines, aliphatic Amines and aromatic amines as a hardener, are used.
- the suspensions according to the invention can preferably be used for producing high-hardness and / or elastic surface coatings from 2-component POLYURETHANES, using polyols as binders and isocyanates as hardeners, wherein surface coatings with high gloss, low surface abrasion and high transparency coupled with excellent scratch resistance with gloss losses less than 50% and high chemical resistance.
- example 1 2-component POLYURETHANES, using polyols as binders and isocyanates as hardeners, wherein surface coatings with high gloss, low surface abrasion and high transparency coupled with excellent scratch resistance with gloss losses less than 50% and high chemical resistance.
- hydrophilic fumed silica having a BET specific surface area of 50 m 2 / g, obtainable from Wacker-Chemie GmbH, D, under the name HDK® D05 are added in portions while stirring with a dissolver. Subsequently, this approach is pulped by a bead mill to a grindometer value at the resolution limit of the grindometer test of about 0 to 5 microns. The content of fumed silica is 13.4 percent by weight based on the solids.
- Example 2 The procedure is as in Example 1, but instead of hydrophilic fumed silica having a BET specific surface area of 50 m 2 / g, available from Wacker-Chemie GmbH, D under the name HDK ® D05 is hydrophilic fumed silica with a BET specific surface area of 150 m 2 / g, available from Wacker-Chemie GmbH, D, under the name HDK® V15.
- Table 1 Examples 1 to 5 absolute viscosity [mPas].
- Tinuvin ® 292 a liquid universal light stabilizer (HALS: hindered amine light stabilizer)
- HALS hinder
- Example 7 From the batch of Example 7 elevators at dry film thicknesses of 35 .mu.m mounted on glass with the doctor, after storage and drying for 30 minutes at room temperature and cured by storage and curing for 30 minutes at a temperature of 130 0 C in a convection oven. After subsequent storage for 24 hours at room temperature, these films are measured according to ASTM D1003 in transmission.
- the high clarity of the paint body shows the good and homogeneous colloidal distribution of fumed silica. It will measure an excellent glossy lacquer surface that confirms the excellent low viscosity and leveling properties of the clearcoat.
- the scratch resistance of the paint surface of the cured paint film according to Example 8 is determined using a Scheuer test device according to Peter-Dahn.
- a scouring fleece Scotch Brite® 2297 / scouring agent 3M Scotch-Brite CF-HP S-SFN (soft) with an area of 45 x 45 mm with a weight of 1000 g is weighted.
- the paint samples are scratched with a total of 40 strokes.
- the gloss of the coating is measured with a gloss meter Microgloss 20 ° from Byk.
- the loss of gloss compared to the initial value is determined
- piperidinyl sebacates a mixture of 75% by weight of bis-1,2,3,6,6 Pentamethyl-4-piperidinyl sebacate and 25 weight percent methyl-1,2,2, 6, 6-pentamethyl-4-piperidinyl sebacate
- Ciba Specialty Chemicals CH under the trade name Tinuvin ® 292 (a liquid universal light stabilizer (HALS: hindered amine light stabilizer)), and 1.0 g of 1 percent
- Dizinndibutyldilaurat solution in 98 percent butyl acetate, and 0.7 g of a nonionic surfactant based on polyethylene oxide-modified polydimethylsiloxane with a density of 1.04 kg / 1, available under the trade name BYK ® 331 available from Byk-Chemie, D, as a 10 percent solution in 98 percent butyl acetate, and with 10.1 g of the hydroxyl group-containing acrylate resin described above and with 3.0 g of a solvent mixture of SolvessolOO to 98 percent butyl acetate 70 to 30 completed.
- This total batch of the binder component is 100 to 18.5 with a polyisocyanate of the type HDI trimer as a hardener, with a molecular weight of 505 g / mol, an NCO content of 22% based on solids, with a solids content of 100 percent by weight and a viscosity of 2000 mPas mixed.
- Example 10 absolute viscosity [mPas] viscous: absolute viscosity at 25 0 CD: shear rate in [l / s]
- the scratch resistance of the paint surface of the cured paint film according to Example 11 is determined using a Scheuer test device according to Peter-Dahn.
- a scouring fleece Scotch Brite® 2297 / scouring agent 3M Scotch-Brite CF-HP S-SFN (soft) with an area of 45 x 45 mm with a weight of 1000 g is weighted.
- the paint samples are scratched with a total of 40 strokes.
- the gloss of the coating is measured with a gloss meter Microgloss 20 ° from Byk.
- the loss of gloss compared to the initial value is determined
- Wacker-Chemie GmbH, D which has a content of aminopropyldimethylsiloxy groups of 0.09 mol / g and for example, in accordance to EP-a-1304332 can be prepared, and has a carbon content of 5 weight percent and a nitrogen content of 1 weight percent, both determined by elemental analysis, (based on a hydrophilic fumed silica having a specific surface area of 300 m 2 / g HDK available from Wacker-Chemie GmbH D, under the trade name HDK® T30), incorporated, incorporated and dispersed with a dissolver Turbotest 33 / 300P, Rayneri.
- the silica is metered into the liquid phase gradually, first with a number of revolutions of the mixer of 500 revolutions per minute, then for a few minutes at a higher number of revolutions of 3300 per minute, ie about a peripheral
- Circulation speed of the disc of 11 m / s dispersed before further silica is added When all the silica is incorporated and dispersed, it is dispersed at one revolution to 3300 per minute for 1 hour.
- By dispersing the fumed silica of the composition may come to 60 and 8O 0 C to heating up.
- the dispersing quality is monitored with a grindometer to a value close to 0 ⁇ m, with optical microscopy, and with viscosity measurements.
- the mixture is then finally degassed in a vacuum reactor, for 30 minutes and at one hour at a temperature of 8O 0 C, with slow stirring.
- the silicic acid contained in the suspension is dissolved by dissolving 2.5 g of the epoxy resin-and-silica suspension according to Example 13, 14 and 15 in 50 ml of tetrahydrofuran and then centrifuging in a laboratory centrifuge at 5000 Separated revolutions per minute and the sediment was washed by taking up five times in tetrahydrofuran and centrifuging free, unbound epoxy resin, cleaned and separated from the unbound epoxy resin, dried and analyzed.
- This so isolated from the suspension silica has a carbon content of 41 weight percent, as well as a mass loss in the thermogravimetry to 55O 0 C under air of 42 weight percent.
- the silica is gradually added to the liquid phase, first with a number of revolutions of the mixer of 500 revolutions per minute, then for a few minutes at a higher number of revolutions of 3300 per minute, ie about a peripheral peripheral speed of the disc of 11 m / s dispersed before adding more silica.
- a number of revolutions of the mixer 500 revolutions per minute
- a higher number of revolutions of 3300 per minute ie about a peripheral peripheral speed of the disc of 11 m / s dispersed before adding more silica.
- RPM dispersed at 3300 per minute for 1 hour By dispersing the fumed silica of the composition may come to 60 and 8O 0 C to heating up. The dispersing quality is monitored with a grindometer to a value close to 0 ⁇ m, with optical microscopy, and with viscosity measurements. The mixture is then finally degassed in a vacuum reactor, for 30 minutes and at one hour at a temperature of 8O 0 C, with slow stirring.
- Example 17 The silicic acid contained in the suspension is separated by dissolving 2.5 g of the epoxy resin and silica suspension according to Example 16 and 17 in 50 ml of tetrahydrofuran and subsequent centrifuging in a laboratory centrifuge at 5000 revolutions per minute and the sediment by five times
- MDEA Diethylaniline
- Mn 310 g / mol
- MDEA Diethylaniline
- the ratio of DGEBA to MDEA is 71.17 to 28.83.
- the crosslinking is implemented in a programmable oven: 4 hours at 135 0 C, followed by aftercrosslinking for 4 hours at 19O 0 C.
- crosslinked masses with fumed silica HDK ® H30RA show a significantly increased strength and impact resistance compared to compositions without fumed silica.
- Example 16, 17 are crosslinked with DGEBA Dow DER330.
- DGEBA is heated to 50 0 C, then liquefied and mixed in the compositions from examples 16 and 17, and the mixture placed into a mold.
- the ratio of DGEBA Dow DER330 to Jeffamine D2000 ® is hereby 27.67 to 72.33.
- the crosslinking is implemented in a programmable oven: 4 hours at 120 0 C, followed by a post-crosslinking for 4 hours at 15O 0 C.
- crosslinked masses with fumed silica HDK ® T30 show a significantly increased strength and elasticity compared to compositions without fumed silica.
- Wacker one aminoalkyl-modified fumed silica available under the trade name HDK ® H30RA from Wacker-Chemie GmbH, D, which has a content of aminopropyldimethylsiloxy groups of 0.09
- Mol / g and can be prepared, for example, according to EP-A-1304332, having a carbon content of 5% by weight and a nitrogen content of 1% by weight, both determined by elemental analysis (based on a hydrophilic fumed silica having a specific gravity)
- the silicic acid contained in the suspension is separated by dissolving 2.5 g of the epoxy resin-and-silica suspension in 50 ml of tetrahydrofuran and then centrifuging in a laboratory centrifuge at 5000 revolutions per minute and the sediment by taking up in tetrahydrofuran five times and centrifuging free , unbound epoxy resin, cleaned and separated from the unbound epoxy resin, dried and analyzed.
- This so isolated from the suspension silica has a carbon content of 41 weight percent, as well as a mass loss in the thermogravimetry to 55O 0 C under air of 42 weight percent. This corresponds to an average reaction of 1.7 moles of amino-hydrogen groups of the Silica HDK ® H30RA with one mole of the epoxy groups of the epoxy resin.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005035442A DE102005035442A1 (de) | 2005-07-28 | 2005-07-28 | Stabilisierte HDK-Suspensionen zur Verstärkung von Reaktivharzen |
| PCT/EP2006/063842 WO2007012547A2 (de) | 2005-07-28 | 2006-07-04 | Stabilisierte hdk suspensionen zur verstärkung von reaktivharzen |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1910462A2 true EP1910462A2 (de) | 2008-04-16 |
Family
ID=36954771
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP06764044A Withdrawn EP1910462A2 (de) | 2005-07-28 | 2006-07-04 | Stabilisierte hdk suspensionen zur verstärkung von reaktivharzen |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8071666B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1910462A2 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP5269592B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR101013929B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN101233182B (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102005035442A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2007012547A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (30)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007025435A1 (de) * | 2007-05-31 | 2008-12-04 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Kleb- und Dichtstoffsysteme |
| DE102008000499A1 (de) | 2008-03-04 | 2009-09-10 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Kieselsäure sowie Epoxidharze |
| DE102008020441A1 (de) * | 2008-04-23 | 2009-10-29 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Klebstoff |
| JP5143684B2 (ja) * | 2008-09-19 | 2013-02-13 | 三井化学株式会社 | 有機無機ハイブリッド材料、並びにそれを含有する組成物および添加剤 |
| DE102008044396A1 (de) * | 2008-12-05 | 2010-06-10 | Wacker Chemie Ag | Hochhydrophobe Beschichtungen |
| CA2785650C (en) * | 2009-12-29 | 2018-01-09 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Polyurethane nanocomposites |
| US20110226699A1 (en) * | 2010-03-22 | 2011-09-22 | Edward Rosenberg | Nanoporous Silica Polyamine Composites with Surface-Bound Zirconium (IV) and Methods of Use |
| CN101857790A (zh) * | 2010-06-08 | 2010-10-13 | 武汉市科达云石护理材料有限公司 | 一种专用有色石材勾缝胶 |
| WO2012041821A1 (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2012-04-05 | Solvay Specialty Polymers Italy S.P.A. | A composite polymerization initiator and polymer brush composite obtained therefrom |
| WO2012065828A1 (de) * | 2010-11-18 | 2012-05-24 | Basf Coatings Gmbh | Polyurethan-beschichtungsmittel, daraus hergestellte mehrschichtlackierungen mit matter oberfläche sowie verfahren zur herstellung der mehrschichtlackierungen |
| EP2497857A1 (de) * | 2011-03-05 | 2012-09-12 | Huntsman Textile Effects (Germany) GmbH | Textile Flächengebilde mit reduzierter Geruchsentwicklung |
| US20140072815A1 (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2014-03-13 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Curable film-forming compositions demonstrating burnish resistance and low gloss |
| US9969900B2 (en) | 2012-09-12 | 2018-05-15 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Methods of improving burnish resistance using curable film-forming compositions demonstrating burnish resistance and low gloss |
| CN102942834B (zh) * | 2012-11-09 | 2016-01-20 | 太原科技大学 | 一种防腐蚀用涂料的制备方法 |
| US11686094B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2023-06-27 | Holcim Technology Ltd | Bonding adhesive and adhered roofing systems prepared using the same |
| EP3161058B1 (de) * | 2014-06-24 | 2017-11-22 | BYK-Chemie GmbH | Acrylat-systeme mit latenter verdickungsneigung |
| US9988404B2 (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2018-06-05 | Momentive Performance Materials Inc. | Ester-modified organosilicon-based surfactants, methods of making same and applications containing the same |
| US10683452B2 (en) | 2017-09-11 | 2020-06-16 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Nanosilica dispersion for thermally insulating packer fluid |
| US10577526B2 (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2020-03-03 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Loss circulation material composition having an acidic nanoparticle based dispersion and polyamine |
| US10316238B2 (en) | 2017-09-11 | 2019-06-11 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Nanosilica dispersion for thermally insulating packer fluid |
| US10233380B1 (en) | 2017-09-11 | 2019-03-19 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Well treatment fluid having an acidic nanoparticle based dispersion and a polyamine |
| US11279865B2 (en) | 2017-09-11 | 2022-03-22 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Well treatment fluid having an acidic nanoparticle based dispersion, an epoxy resin, and a polyamine |
| DE102017124047A1 (de) * | 2017-10-16 | 2019-04-18 | Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems | Zusammensetzung zur Verwendung in additiven Fertigungsprozessen |
| JP2020027296A (ja) * | 2018-08-14 | 2020-02-20 | キヤノン株式会社 | 光学部材および光学機器 |
| WO2021154897A1 (en) * | 2020-01-28 | 2021-08-05 | Quadratic 3D, Inc. | Photohardenable compositions including an upconverting component and methods |
| CN115298780B (zh) * | 2020-03-27 | 2025-08-01 | 日本贵弥功株式会社 | 电解电容器 |
| KR102229134B1 (ko) * | 2020-08-18 | 2021-03-19 | (주)승신건설 | 탄성 및 내충격성이 우수한 보강용 폴리우레탄 조성물 및 이로 형성된 코팅층을 포함하는 건축 및 토목 자재 |
| WO2022239708A1 (ja) * | 2021-05-13 | 2022-11-17 | デンカ株式会社 | 凝集を低減したシリカ粉末、及び樹脂組成物、並びに半導体封止材 |
| CN114106285A (zh) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-01 | 烟台金桥优尼科新材料科技有限公司 | 一种多重自交联型水性杂化树脂及其制备方法与应用 |
| WO2025098829A1 (en) * | 2023-11-08 | 2025-05-15 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Process for manufacturing metal oxides and/or metalloid oxides |
Family Cites Families (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3131148A (en) * | 1961-01-13 | 1964-04-28 | Monsanto Chemicals | Thickened compositions |
| JPS6025045B2 (ja) * | 1980-03-19 | 1985-06-15 | 製鉄化学工業株式会社 | 塩水吸収能のすぐれたアクリル酸重合体の製造方法 |
| US4554018A (en) | 1984-02-01 | 1985-11-19 | Allied Colloids Limited | Production of polymeric thickeners and their use in printing |
| JPH01299862A (ja) * | 1988-05-27 | 1989-12-04 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | 半導体封止用エポキシ樹脂組成物 |
| JP2994937B2 (ja) * | 1993-11-09 | 1999-12-27 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 有機ポリマー複合無機微粒子の製造方法 |
| DE4419234A1 (de) | 1994-06-01 | 1995-12-07 | Wacker Chemie Gmbh | Verfahren zur Silylierung von anorganischen Oxiden |
| DE19516253A1 (de) | 1995-04-26 | 1996-10-31 | Grace Gmbh | Mattierungsmittel auf Basis von aggregiertem Siliciumdioxid mit verbesserter Effizienz |
| US5965299A (en) * | 1997-06-23 | 1999-10-12 | North Carolina State University | Composite electrolyte containing surface modified fumed silica |
| US6599631B2 (en) * | 2001-01-26 | 2003-07-29 | Nanogram Corporation | Polymer-inorganic particle composites |
| DE19733157A1 (de) | 1997-07-31 | 1999-02-04 | Wacker Chemie Gmbh | Vernetzbare, in Wasser redispergierbare Pulverzusammensetzung |
| US6433056B1 (en) * | 1997-10-17 | 2002-08-13 | Hercules Incorporated | Fluidized polymer suspension of hydrophobically modified poly(acetal- or ketal-polyether) polyurethane and polyacrylate |
| US6197100B1 (en) * | 1998-12-04 | 2001-03-06 | Hercules Incorporated | Dispersible water soluble polymers |
| JP2000327527A (ja) * | 1999-03-18 | 2000-11-28 | Shiseido Co Ltd | 固型油中水型乳化化粧料 |
| JP3606307B2 (ja) * | 1999-04-22 | 2005-01-05 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | 水性ボールペン液栓用組成物 |
| AU782594B2 (en) * | 2000-11-21 | 2005-08-11 | Rohm And Haas Company | Polymer-pigment composites |
| DE10111791A1 (de) * | 2001-03-12 | 2002-09-26 | Borchers Gmbh | Pulverförmige Verdickungsmittel-Zubereitungen auf Polyurethanbasis und ihre Verwendung zur Verdickung wässriger Systeme |
| DE10145162A1 (de) | 2001-09-13 | 2003-04-10 | Wacker Chemie Gmbh | Kieselsäure mit geringem Gehalt an Kieselsäure-Silanolgruppen |
| DE10151478C1 (de) | 2001-10-18 | 2003-03-13 | Wacker Chemie Gmbh | Mit Aminogruppen oberflächenmodifizierte Feststoffe, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung |
| US7776604B2 (en) * | 2003-04-01 | 2010-08-17 | Cabot Corporation | Methods of selecting and developing a particulate material |
| DE10319937A1 (de) * | 2003-05-02 | 2004-12-02 | Wacker-Chemie Gmbh | Organofunktionelle oberflächenmodifizierte Metalloxide |
-
2005
- 2005-07-28 DE DE102005035442A patent/DE102005035442A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-07-04 JP JP2008523293A patent/JP5269592B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-07-04 CN CN2006800276388A patent/CN101233182B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-07-04 US US11/997,038 patent/US8071666B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-07-04 WO PCT/EP2006/063842 patent/WO2007012547A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2006-07-04 EP EP06764044A patent/EP1910462A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-07-04 KR KR1020087004970A patent/KR101013929B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2007012547A2 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR101013929B1 (ko) | 2011-02-14 |
| DE102005035442A1 (de) | 2007-05-16 |
| JP5269592B2 (ja) | 2013-08-21 |
| CN101233182A (zh) | 2008-07-30 |
| US20080207842A1 (en) | 2008-08-28 |
| CN101233182B (zh) | 2011-02-16 |
| WO2007012547A2 (de) | 2007-02-01 |
| KR20080039953A (ko) | 2008-05-07 |
| JP2009503166A (ja) | 2009-01-29 |
| US8071666B2 (en) | 2011-12-06 |
| WO2007012547A3 (de) | 2007-05-31 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP1910462A2 (de) | Stabilisierte hdk suspensionen zur verstärkung von reaktivharzen | |
| EP1690902B1 (de) | Oberflächenmodifizierte Nanopartikel, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihrer Verwendung | |
| EP2049603B1 (de) | Mit polysiloxan oberflächenmodifizierte partikel und herstellungsverfahren | |
| KR101999346B1 (ko) | 습윤분산제, 그 제조 방법 및 용도 | |
| EP2035487B1 (de) | Polyhydroxyfunktionelle polysiloxane, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung | |
| DE102008044396A1 (de) | Hochhydrophobe Beschichtungen | |
| EP1831301B1 (de) | Reaktive kieselsäuresuspensionen | |
| EP1448724B1 (de) | Beschichtungsmasse enthaltend nanopartikel, verwendung der beschichtungsmasse und verfahren zur herstellung von beschichtungen | |
| Zhou et al. | Effect of 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane on polycarbonate based waterborne polyurethane transparent coatings | |
| Lee et al. | Waterborne polyurethane nanocomposites having shape memory effects | |
| DE102004022400A1 (de) | Feuchtigkeitsvernetzbare alkoxysilyfunktionelle Partikel enthaltende Zusammensetzung | |
| EP1611141A1 (de) | Organosilylfunktionalisierte partikel und deren herstellung | |
| DE102007030285A1 (de) | Oberflächenmodifizierte Partikel und Herstellungsverfahren | |
| CN101522821B (zh) | 用聚硅氧烷表面改性的颗粒和其生产方法 | |
| DE4140793C1 (de) | ||
| Akın et al. | Mechanical and thermal properties of fumed silica‐incorporated silane‐terminated urethane/epoxy‐interpenetrating polymer network nanocomposites | |
| Jincheng et al. | Preparation and characterization of novel organic montmorillonite-reinforced blocked polyurethane nanocomposites | |
| DE10331788A1 (de) | Wässrige Polymerdispersionen mit kovalent gebundenen oligomeren polyhedralen Silizium-Sauerstoffclustereinheiten |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20080122 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20080513 |
|
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB |
|
| GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
| INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20130424 |
|
| GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
| GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
| INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20140103 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20140514 |