Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
  • B22D43/00—Mechanical cleaning, e.g. skimming of molten metals
  • B22D43/001—Retaining slag during pouring molten metal
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
  • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
  • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
  • B22D11/103—Distributing the molten metal, e.g. using runners, floats, distributors

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for slag-poor removal of the
• the invention also relates to a device for retaining the slag when removing the liquid steel from the distributor or the pan by opening the bottom outlet and thus to carry out the method.
• the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a method and an apparatus over which a Mitaustragen slag can be minimized with the liquid steel or even completely prevented, without oxidation or other problems occur.
• the object is achieved according to the method in that the resulting after opening the bottom spouts vortex be interrupted by at least in the region of the respective bottom outlet internals or at least braked.
• the described internals prevent the effects of the vortex by the small distance to the plug or to the bottom outlet and ensure that the laminar flow is converted into a turbulent flow, which is harmless with respect to the entrainment of slag Surprisingly Built-in - without affecting the actual discharge process - the entrainment of slag prevented. Furthermore, an influence of the vortex on the slag layer is prevented by a specific position of the internals. This can be achieved both by a certain angle, almost 90 °, which the internals to the vortex then have, or by special shapes of the fixtures, in particular the edges, which can be arranged in the direction of rotation of the vortex that a breakage of the vortex definitely achieved.
• the object is achieved in that in the region of the bottom outlet over the distributor base or pan bottom upstanding the vortex breaking internals are arranged.
• These internals are assigned to the bottom outlet so that a vortex can not even form or if, only in such a small shape and size, that he can provide no obstruction or no catchment effect on the slag.
• the advantage of the corresponding design of the internals and their arrangement is that they are easy to arrange and replace.
• the internals are usually included in the Stahlbär (which remains as scrap in the pan or the distributor) and then processed with this, so after removing the Stahlbden only the insertion of new internals, so-called vortex breaker or more of such components necessary becomes.
• the great advantage which has already been pointed out earlier, can be seen above all in the fact that with respect to the steel bear a much lesser Steel loss occurs and that especially with each individual melt a larger removal of liquid steel is possible because the remaining steel can be reduced to less than 10%.
• An expedient embodiment of the present invention is in which serving as vortex breaker inserts are plate-shaped and out with a vertical edge to close to the bottom outlet, which internals can extend up to the slag ceiling zoom but not need, so targeted the vortex formation to influence or avoid.
• the plate-shaped vortex breakers are positioned close to the bottom outlet so that they reliably prevent the resulting vortexes.
• the invention further provides that a plate-shaped vortex breaker is provided for each bottom outlet and is arranged at a distance of 10 to 100 mm, preferably 30 mm for stuffing or bottom outlet. It has been found that such a single plate-shaped installation is already applied to distributors normal size prevents the vortex formation, so that the amount of foreign material, which can get into the steel bear, so targeted can be kept low.
• a stopper is usually used, which extends into the bottom outlet in such a way that, by lifting this stopper, leakage of the liquid steel becomes possible. With the lifting and lowering of the plug, the removal amount can be regulated.
• a distributor one, usually two or more such plugs and bottom outlets are provided.
• the plate-shaped vortex breaker a distance of 10 to 100 mm, preferably 30 mm, while placing the plug. Even if small influences of a vortex can still occur with such a small dimensioned distance between plug and vortex breaker, this does not damage the entire method and the target set is reliably achieved.
• a basic must certain distance between the installation and the plug are respected, because it must be moved in the vertical direction and thermal expansion and possible material deposits can lead to gap narrowing.
• a ratio of easy-to-produce, optimal quality vortex breaker is particularly given when the plate-shaped vortex breaker consists of a refractory material, preferably concrete.
• This refractory material also has the advantage that it allows a sufficient life, so for example, a sufficient number of melts before its removal or replacement is necessary.
• the plate-shaped vortex breaker is inserted into the distributor or the pan and in such a way that it is as close as possible to the respective bottom outlet. This is particularly safe to achieve if, as provided according to the invention, the plate-shaped vortex crusher has a can be installed on the distributor floor or pan bottom or a built-in the floor base. The base is usually integrated into the plate-shaped vortex breaker, so that only one operation is required when setting up.
• a particularly useful embodiment of the base is that in which the plate-shaped vortex breaker is L-shaped or T-shaped or wedge-shaped and thus has a against the force of Strudeis securing pedestal.
• the base may be in the L-shaped configuration so that the L is turned away from the direction of rotation of the vortex, so that a tipping over of the plate-shaped vortex breaker is not to be feared even at high load through the vortex.
• the stability is optimal because the impinging vortex from the liquid steel can not affect the plate-shaped base.
• the flank connecting the bottom side and the vertical edge describes an arc, the vertical edge arranged close enough to the stopper insertable into the bottom outlet is.
• the vertical flank ie the plug, there is the danger of swirling formation, which can be safely braked and interrupted by this particular design.
• Swirl breaker is to be regarded as the embodiment in which the vertical flank is wedge-shaped, which means that it reaches with a sharp edge close to the stopper and due to its angle to the stopper an additional breaking action occurs.
• Another training option is that in which the plate-shaped vortex breaker has a perpendicular to the base widening and / or the stopper approaching edge.
• the vertical flank is thus bent slightly in the lower part, so as to specifically adapt to the shape of the plug and to ensure that the distance remains the same in each case up to the area of the bottom outlet between vortex breaker and stopper.
• At the bottom outlet of the pan is worked with sliders and arranged within the pan each slider sand.
• the arranged in the bottom outlet fittings are positioned in a crown assembly and equipped with several vertical components of different heights. This crown assembly has just in the pan the advantage that it is also taken to the lying or arranged in the middle region of the crown slider sand, the vortex effect is specifically counteracted so that a non-dangerous residual vortex can get into the bottom wells well.
• the distributor base associated foot of the whirlpool breaker is equipped with a molded pin and the distributor base has a correspondingly formed recess.
• the distributor base has a correspondingly formed recess.
• adhesives so as to secure the state. With appropriate dimensioning this is not even required, in which case only necessary the replacement of the rest of the swirl crusher must be pulled out of the distributor floor in order to replace it with a new base or swirl crusher.
• the distributor of the distributor base is composed of paving stones made of refractory bricks.
• the invention provides that the distributor base is composed of footstones, wherein the one or more arranged in the vicinity of the bottom outlet footstones have a recess.
• the replacement in particular the insertion of the pin is facilitated in the recess, because it is provided according to the invention that the pin wedge-shaped and the recess are formed correspondingly.
• the various flanks of the pin can all be uniformly wedge-shaped or else run differently or only a few of the flanks correspondingly oblique. The advantage is not only the easier insertion, but of course also the extraction and replacement of the pin and thus the entire vortex breaker.
• a further embodiment of the base provides that the base has one or more pins designed as a cylinder.
• Such a relatively simple form is easy to produce as a pin and assigned to the base of the whirlpool breaker. Since the vortex breaker is usually made of refractory concrete, such a pin can be made equal in the manufacture of the entire vortex breaker with. But it is particularly advantageous that such a pin designed as a cylinder is easy to insert into the corresponding recess in the distributor tray or pan bottom, so that the assembly is facilitated, especially when working with special mortar or other adhesive to unintentional withdrawal of the To prevent pin from the recess safe. At the same time it is also safe and easily possible, a corresponding recess in the corresponding portion of the
• the insertion of the pin in the associated recess is particularly easier when using appropriate special mortar, if the pin is designed as a hollow cylinder, because then too much into the recess introduced special mortar easily into the interior of the Hollow cylinder pushes in without causing problems. An always safe state of the entire whirlpool breaker is to be guaranteed.
• the pin is designed as a pyramid or truncated cone fixed to the base on the stirrup crusher. Even such components can be easily manufactured and assigned to the lower edge of the vortex breaker or produce with the entire vortex crusher. Such training is particularly useful when with the
• the pin designed as a cylinder or hollow cylinder at the free end has an outwardly projecting rim whose outer diameter is below the diameter of the recess. After insertion of the pin in the recess thus special mortar is given into this filling gap, so that thus an always secure fit of the entire vortex breaker is guaranteed. With an appropriate training at the same time twisting the entire baffle breaker is avoided with the necessary security, and it is always possible to provide two such cylinders, so that even the twisting of the baffle breaker is excluded.
• the invention provides that the ring towards the free end of the pin has inwardly extending or crowned flanks or an arrowhead resulting is formed. The wreath is quasi sharpened, so that both the insertion, as well as the setting on the bottom of the recess is facilitated.
• the downwardly projecting pin When transporting the corresponding vortex breaker, the downwardly projecting pin must be secured accordingly to avoid damage or even splitting off. For this reason, it may be expedient that the pin is designed as both sides sharpened bolt and that in the distributor or pan bottom and in the vortex breaker correspondingly formed recesses or holes are provided. This makes it possible to transport the pin or pin separately and, for example, first in the recess in the pan bottom or in the
• the invention is characterized in particular by the provision of a method and a device by means of which it is possible to reliably prevent the inclusion of the slag blanket in the liquid phase when the liquid steel is removed during the steel production from the distributor and also from the ladle. This is not achieved by accepting disadvantages, such as temperature loss, but by the fact that are installed on the pan bottom or the distribution tray twisting breakers in the form of plate-like fittings that make shutting down the residual steel in particular in the distributor to well below 10% possible.
• FIG. 1 shows a simplified process diagram
• FIG. 3 shows a distributor in partial section
• Figure 4 shows a vortex breaker in side view and L-shaped
• Figure 6 shows a simplified representation of a plug with associated vortex breaker
• Figure 7 front views of a vortex breaker
• Figure 10 is a baffle crusher with a cylindrical pin
• Figure 11 is a hollow cylindrical pin
• Figure 12 is formed as a truncated pyramid pin
• Figure 13 is formed as a truncated cone
• Figure 14 is a pin with lower protruding edge
• Figure 15 is a sharpened edge according to Figure 14
• Figure 16 a pin with differently shaped edge
• Figure 17 a pin in the form of a double-sided used
• FIG. 18 shows the bolt with upper and lower edge and FIG. 19 shows a pin fixed by special mortar
• FIG. 1 shows a simplified process diagram of steel production.
• the pig iron 2 with not shown in detail scrap Blown to crude steel.
• a slag layer 3 which threatens to run out of the tapping opening 4 during the indicated tilting of the converter 1, is formed above the liquid phase. Therefore, the tapping openings 4 are nowadays closed with a stopper, which initially ensures during the tapping process that the slag layer 3 runs over the tapping channel before the liquid crude steel then dissolves the stopper and then enters the ladle 6 as indicated.
• the next treatment process wherein above the steel bath 7 a slag ceiling 8 is applied, which receives the released during the treatment of the steel bath 7 substances from the liquid steel.
• slider sand 11 is arranged, which ensures the sealing of the perforated stone, so that when opening the slider or the bottom outlet 10, first of all, the slider sand 11 passes through the shadow tube 9 in the manifold 12.
• Slag blanket 14 is arranged on the steel bath 13 in order to be able to absorb the released substances or to thermally isolate them and to enable the absorption of oxidic constituents.
• FIG. 2 shows a plan view of such a manifold 12, the inlet 17 and the bottom outlets 15, 16, 16 'are recognizable, which can be opened and closed individually or jointly as already mentioned, so as to serve the continuous casting plant 18.
• FIG. 3 shows a partial view of a distributor 12, wherein it can be seen that the plugs 23 are associated with the inserts 21, 22 designated as 20, 21 and 20, 22, acting as vortex breakers. These swirl breakers 20, equipped with a base 26, break the swirl created during the opening and pulling up of the plug 23 so that slag from the area of the slag ceiling 14 is no longer drawn into the bottom outlet 15, 16 as before. In general, a vortex breaker 20, as shown in the left part of Figure 3 is sufficient.
• Vortex crushers 20, 21 and 20, 22 have a height of 250 or 300 mm, are about 50 mm thick and made of refractory material, preferably concrete.
• the special shape of the base 26 makes it easy to set up these internals 21, 22 on the distributor plate 24 close to the Bodenauscollectn 15, 16, ie it requires no special installations, since the L-shaped base 26 according to Figure 4 or the T-shaped Foot 26 of Figure 5 or a non-illustrated mounting wedge are sufficient to break the vortex effectively, without the risk that the vortex breaker 20 itself falls over or is moved.
• the so-formed vortex breaker 20 are z. B. the bottom outlet
• This vortex breaker 20 is also easy to turn off on the pan bottom 25 to develop the vortex braking effect.
• FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 show that the vertical brake part 28 of the whirl breaker 20 does not necessarily have to be rectangular in shape as in FIG. 3, but the embodiment according to FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 where a type of shark fin shape is particularly suitable is particularly suitable. While the vertical flank 30 and the bottom flank 29 are straight, the connecting flank 31 is arcuate, wherein it has the same width as shown in FIG the vertical flank 30, while Figure 6 teaches that it is really sharpened shark-fin-shaped upwards.
• the bottom edge 29 goes to Figure 4, 5, and 6 in the base 26, so that both parts represent a structural unit.
• the gap 32 between the vertical brake member 28 and the plug 23 is kept so small that the vortex is broken off.
• the front side 35 facing the plug 23 has a wedge shape or, according to the right-hand illustration of FIG. 7, a sharp edge 33 is provided in the direction of the direction of rotation of the vortex, so as to be able to break the vortex in a targeted manner.
• FIGS. 8 and 9 show an embodiment in which a part of the whirl breaker (20) can be inserted into the distributor base (24) and also the ladle bottom (25).
• FIG. 8 clarifies that the lower edge (42) of this vortex breaker (20) has an integrally formed pin (41) which can be inserted into a correspondingly corresponding recess (50) in the distributor base (24).
• the pin (41) has wedge-shaped flanks (43, 44) and straight flanks (45, 46). But it is also conceivable that all flanks are wedge-shaped, depending on the purpose for which the pin (41) and the whirl breaker (20) is provided.
• the spigot bottom (47) can be hollowed out, as indicated in the lower part in FIG. 8, in order to prescribe the possibility of accumulation and targeted joining, possibly with a special mortar (45) introduced therein.
• FIG. 8 shows the construction of a distributor base (24) or else of a pan bottom (25), which is composed of a large number of base stones (51, 52, 53).
• a distributor base (24) or else of a pan bottom (25) which is composed of a large number of base stones (51, 52, 53).
• one of the footstones (51) is provided with a recess (50), so that here the whirlpool breaker (20) can be positioned accordingly.
• opposite of the bottom outlet (15) once again such a foot stone (51) is present, if, for example, on both sides or just a plurality of such Vorudelbrecher (20) must be arranged or should.
• Pan bottom 24, 25 associated stand 26 of the vortex breaker formed as a cylindrical pin 41.
• This pin 41 is associated with the lower edge 42 of the whirl breaker 20.
• This pin 41, d. H. the cylinder 56 is formed corresponding to the recess 50 in the distributor base 24 or vice versa. It is ensured in any case that the pin 41 in the form of the cylinder 56 can be easily and quickly inserted into the recess 50.
• the lower edge 42 of the whirl breaker 20 can be assigned two cylinders 56, 56 'in order to reliably exclude twisting when the whirl breaker in the liquid steel is affected by the rotating steel.
• a hollow cylinder 57 is provided as a pin 41, a truncated pyramid according to FIG. 12 and a truncated cone according to FIG. All of these differently shaped pins 41 are associated with their base 58 of the lower edge 42 of the whirl breaker 20 or they "grow" out of this lower edge 42. This means that they can be cast in a single operation or similar shaped.
• Figures 14, 15 and 16 show the lower free end 59 of the pin 41 and here the cylinder 56, which has a ring 60 at the free end 59.
• This ring 60 protrudes correspondingly far beyond the outer jacket of the cylinder 57, so that when inserted into the recess 50, a corresponding gap results, which is referred to as Bendspalt 61.
• FIG. 19 shows the same with reference to FIG. 19, wherein it can be seen that in this way the entire cylinder 56 or the entire journal 41 can be securely "concreted" in the recess 50 by means of, for example, special mortar 55.
• the rim 60 is chamfered endwise on the flanks 62 according to FIG. 15 or is rounded off according to FIG. 16 or designed as an arrowhead 63.
• the cylinder 56 is additionally or only provided with a plastic sheath, with this plastic being a specific one
• the plastic sheath is indicated at 67, but not specified, how thick this coating is.
• the filling gap designated here by 61 can also be filled in total with the material forming the casing made of plastic 67, this plastic then having the advantage that it shrinks or volatilizes to the extent that it fulfills the function of Feststellers here in this case does not continue to take over.
• FIG. 18 shows an embodiment in which the bolt 65 shown in FIG. 17 is provided on both sides with a rim 60, 68.
• the bolt 65 can be removed both from the recess 50 as from the bore 66, in which case only a part of the whirl breaker 20 is present as a rule. Since the entire bolt 65 is disposed within the bore 66 and the recess 50 is protected, in the embodiment shown, the possibility exists to increase the life of the entire vortex breaking unit. With the help of such a pin 65 or pin 41, it is possible to facilitate the assembly significantly to hedge the transport and so overall to produce much cheaper.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
• Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
• Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
• Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
• Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
• Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Publications (2)

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• 2006
  • 2006-03-28 PL PL06722688T patent/PL1866111T3/pl unknown
  • 2006-03-28 DE DE502006004518T patent/DE502006004518D1/de active Active
  • 2006-03-28 WO PCT/DE2006/000536 patent/WO2006102870A2/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2006-03-28 EP EP06722688A patent/EP1866111B1/fr active Active
  • 2006-03-28 EA EA200702103A patent/EA012381B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2006-03-28 AT AT06722688T patent/ATE439201T1/de active

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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