EP1826792A1 - Chambre de coupure d'un disjoncteur haute tension avec un volume de chauffage recevant le gaz de soufflage généré par l'arc - Google Patents

Chambre de coupure d'un disjoncteur haute tension avec un volume de chauffage recevant le gaz de soufflage généré par l'arc Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1826792A1
EP1826792A1 EP06405084A EP06405084A EP1826792A1 EP 1826792 A1 EP1826792 A1 EP 1826792A1 EP 06405084 A EP06405084 A EP 06405084A EP 06405084 A EP06405084 A EP 06405084A EP 1826792 A1 EP1826792 A1 EP 1826792A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching chamber
heating volume
chamber according
heating
arc
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06405084A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1826792B1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Dahlquist
Christian Franck
Martin Seeger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Original Assignee
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by ABB Research Ltd Switzerland, ABB Research Ltd Sweden filed Critical ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Priority to DE502006001492T priority Critical patent/DE502006001492D1/de
Priority to AT06405084T priority patent/ATE407442T1/de
Priority to EP06405084A priority patent/EP1826792B1/fr
Priority to CN2007800068816A priority patent/CN101390179B/zh
Priority to JP2008556627A priority patent/JP2009528653A/ja
Priority to PCT/CH2007/000056 priority patent/WO2007098619A1/fr
Publication of EP1826792A1 publication Critical patent/EP1826792A1/fr
Priority to US12/200,379 priority patent/US20080314873A1/en
Publication of EP1826792B1 publication Critical patent/EP1826792B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
    • H01H33/7023—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by an insulating tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/901—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H2033/888—Deflection of hot gasses and arcing products

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a switching chamber of a high voltage switch with a heating volume according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to a switch with such a switching chamber.
  • the switching chamber of the type mentioned allows the switching off of short-circuit currents in the range of 50 and more kA in the voltage range of up to a few hundred kV. It contains an axially symmetrical contact arrangement with two along a axis relative to each other movable arcing contacts, an insulating, a lsolierangesdüse, a heating volume and between the insulating and Isolierangesdüse partially axially guided and an arc zone with the heating volume connecting heating channel.
  • a high-power arc receiving arc zone When switching off a short-circuit current, a high-power arc receiving arc zone is limited when switching off a short-circuit current in the axial direction of the two arcing contacts and in the radial direction of the insulating and the Isolierangesdüse.
  • Hot gas formed by the switching arc is guided by the arc zone via a heating channel into a heating volume coaxial with the contact pieces.
  • the supplied hot gas is mixed with already existing cold gas and performed on approaching the current to be disconnected to a zero crossing as quenching gas for blowing the switching arc in the arc zone.
  • the breaking capacity of a high-voltage switch equipped with this switching chamber which is determined by the dielectric strength of the switching chamber, depends on the density of the extinguishing gas, ie on the pressure and the temperature of the extinguishing gas, from. If hot and cold gas are mixed only incompletely with each other, then, after the zero crossing of the short-circuit current in the heating volume, hot gas bubbles may still be present, which return to the arc zone with the extinguishing gas and may possibly lead to undesirable restrike.
  • a switching chamber of the type mentioned with an axially symmetrical contact arrangement is described in DE 19910166 A1 ,
  • this switching chamber communicates formed during switching off and two arc contacts axially limited arc zone via an axisymmetric heating channel with a formed in the manner of a torus heating volume.
  • the heating channel opens into the heating volume with a section inclined outwards relative to the axis of symmetry. Hot gas formed by a switching arc in the arc zone therefore enters the heating volume with a velocity component guided outwards away from the axis.
  • the object is to provide a switching chamber of the type mentioned in the cold gas and generated when switching off hot gas to form a high quality extinguishing gas are mixed with simple means effectively and so a good breaking performance the switching chamber and a switch equipped with this switching chamber is ensured.
  • an opening into the heating volume portion of the heating channel is inclined inwardly against the axis.
  • inflowing hot gas has an inwardly directed velocity component and is guided along an axially oriented inner wall of the heating volume to a heating volume in the flow direction axially delimiting rear wall.
  • the inward velocity component prevents detachment of the hot gas flow from the inner wall and therefore allows deep penetration of the hot gas into the heating volume in areas near the axis.
  • present in the heating volume existing cool quenching gas to the incoming hot gas only a relatively small flow resistance, so that the speed of the incoming hot gas is not significantly reduced.
  • a vortex formation which promotes the mixing of the hot gas with cool quenching gas therefore only takes place in a relatively large distance from the mouth of the heating channel into the heating volume.
  • the formed vortex Due to the low viscosity of the hot gas, the formed vortex remains largely stable over a comparatively large period of several milliseconds, so that cool gas is obtained over this period at the mouth of the heating channel into the heating volume.
  • a quenching gas flow from the heating volume in the arc zone is then already at the beginning of an arc extinguishing cool quenching gas for blowing the switching arc available.
  • extinguishing gas with good extinguishing properties which is formed by intensive mixing as a result of the long-acting vortex in a remote from the mouth part of the heating volume, it is ensured that short-circuit currents of different levels and duration can be successfully interrupted.
  • the inwardly inclined course of the mouth section enables a reduction of the dimensions of the heating volume in the radial direction.
  • a lsolierwhisdüse delimiting the heating channel on its inner side can be chamfered into the heating volume at the discharge point of the heating channel, so that the inner wall of the heating volume is then formed by a contact carrier of an arc contact of the switching chamber having a small diameter.
  • the outer diameter of the heating volume can therefore be reduced and thus the manufacturing costs of the switching chamber can be reduced.
  • this edge facilitates the detachment of the hot gas flow from the lateral surface and at the same time additionally favors the formation of the vortex on the rear wall of the heating volume.
  • a vortex promoting the mixing of hot gas and cold gas is thus reliably formed downstream of the edge, which leads to an extinguishing gas of good quality even in the case of low-power switching arcs.
  • a further improvement of the leadership of the hot gas flow and thus also the dielectric properties of the quenching gas is achieved in that the sharp edge is arranged on a projecting in the manner of a nose into the heating volume ring.
  • the advantageous effects of the inclined heating channel are largely retained if the mouth section has at least two partial channels extending in the direction of inclination and arranged offset from one another in the circumferential direction. This is especially true when the sub-channels each have a running in the manner of a banana cross-sectional profile.
  • the flow rate of the hot gas can also be kept constant while maintaining an inwardly directed velocity component in the entire mouth section. The likelihood of undesirable premature vortex formation in the heating channel due to flow inhomogeneities is thus reduced.
  • the mouth section is formed as a hollow truncated cone tapering in the direction of inclination, then the constant cross section in the mouth section is achieved in that the inner surface of the hollow Truncated cone is more inclined than the lateral surface.
  • Such a sizing of the heating volume favors the formation and stabilization of the vortex in a portion of the heating volume downstream of the orifice.
  • the heating volume is designed in the manner of a torus and has a predominantly rectangular cross-section in the circumferential direction, then it is advantageous for the formation and stabilization of the hot gas vortex and thus also for the quality of the extinguishing gas obtained by mixing hot and cold gas the ratio of the length of the torus in the axial direction to the height of the torus in the radial direction is between 1 and 3.
  • the switching chamber of a high-voltage circuit breaker illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 contains a housing 1 filled with a compressed insulating gas, for example based on sulfur hexafluoride, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon dioxide or mixtures of these gases, for example air, for example air and largely axially symmetrical
  • a compressed insulating gas for example based on sulfur hexafluoride, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon dioxide or mixtures of these gases, for example air, for example air and largely axially symmetrical
  • a compressed insulating gas for example based on sulfur hexafluoride, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon dioxide or mixtures of these gases, for example air, for example air and largely axially symmetrical
  • a compressed insulating gas for example based on sulfur hexafluoride, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon dioxide or mixtures of these gases, for example air, for example air and largely axially symmetrical
  • the arcing contact 4 does not necessarily have to be fixed, it can also
  • the two arcing contacts 3, 4 are coaxially covered by an insulating nozzle 6 and a heating volume 7 for storing quenching gas.
  • the heating volume 7 is designed in the manner of a torus with a rectangular cross-section in the circumferential direction. With a switch designed for nominal voltages of typically 200 to 300 kV and for a nominal short-circuit breaking current of typically 50 to 70 kA, the heating volume 7 can generally accommodate approximately 1 to 2 liters of pressurized extinguishing gas.
  • the left end of the arcing contact 4 is inserted in an electrically conductive manner in the right end of the tubular arc contact 3.
  • the two arc contacts 3, 4 separate from each other and this forms a footing on the two ends of the arcing contacts arc 8, which - as can be seen - burns in an arc zone 9.
  • the arc zone 9 is axially bounded by the two arc contacts 3, 4 and axially by the insulating nozzle 6 and an insulating auxiliary nozzle 11.
  • the arc zone 9 communicates with a heating channel 10.
  • the heating channel 10 is partially axially guided between the insulating nozzle 6 and the insulating auxiliary nozzle 11 and opens into the heating volume 7 with an inwardly inclined portion 5 against the axis 5.
  • the angle of inclination is ⁇ .
  • the insulating auxiliary nozzle 11 comprises the free end of the arcing contact 3 formed by contact fingers in the circumferential direction.
  • the pressure in the arc zone 9 is generally greater than in the heating volume 7.
  • the heating channel 10 then leads from the arc 8 formed hot gas in the heating volume 7. Leaves the heating effect of the arc 8 as it approaches the zero crossing of the current , so there is a flow reversal. Gas stored in the heating volume 7 flows as quenching gas via the heating channel 10 into the arc zone 9 and there blows the arc 8 at least until it is extinguished in the current zero crossing.
  • the quality of the extinguishing gas stored in the heating volume 7 for arc blowing and thus also the breaking capacity of the switching chamber depend on the gas density determined by the pressure and temperature of the extinguishing gas. Pressure and temperature are determined primarily by the current intensity and duration of the switching arc, but also by the shape and volume of the heating volume 7. While the size of the heating volume 7 only affects the pressure build-up, the shape of the heating volume affects the gas mixing and thus the quenching gas temperature , However, the quality of the extinguishing gas also depends substantially on the flow behavior of the hot gas on the way from the arc zone 9 into the heating volume 7.
  • the mouth portion 12 inclined inwardly into the heating chamber 7 receives the indicated by a double arrow 13 hot gas an inwardly directed velocity component and is guided along a tubular contact carrier 14 of the arcing contact 3 to a heating volume in the flow direction axially limiting the rear wall 15.
  • the inward velocity component prevents detachment of the hot gas flow 13 from the contact carrier 14, which forms the axially aligned inner wall of the heating volume 7, and thus allows deep penetration of the hot gas flow 13 into the heating volume in areas near the axis.
  • a mixing of the hot gas 13 with cold gas 16 promoting swirling therefore takes place only far from the junction of the heating channel 10 in the heating volume 7 away.
  • a hot gas vortex 17 formed during the turbulence remains largely stable over a comparatively large period of several milliseconds, so that over this Period at the mouth of the heating channel into the heating volume of cold gas 18 is maintained.
  • the cold gas 18 As a particularly high-quality quenching gas for blowing the switching arc available. Also, a later-acting portion of the extinguishing gas, which was formed by intensive mixing of the hot gas vortex 17 in the rear part of the heating volume 7 with the cold gas 16 is of high quality and thus ensures that short-circuit currents of different levels and duration can be successfully interrupted.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ can be up to 45 °. At larger angles, the hot gas flow tends to prematurely detach from the contact carrier 14.
  • a well-trained axial guidance of the hot gas 13 into the interior of the heating volume 7 at the same time kept small outside diameter of the heating volume is achieved with inclination angles ⁇ , which are between 10 ° and 30 °.
  • the mouth portion 12 is designed in the manner of a tapered in the direction of inclination, hollow truncated cone.
  • the hollow truncated cone can be formed by conically tapering the Isolierwhisdüse 11 to form an inner surface 19 of the hollow truncated cone acting conical surface molding a acting as a lateral surface 20 of the truncated cone conical surface in the insulating nozzle 11 and subsequent setting of Isolieragisdüse 11 on the contact carrier 14 and the insulating nozzle 6 at the marked with the reference numeral 21 outer wall of the heating volume 7 can be achieved.
  • the heating channel 10 has over its entire length largely constant cross-section.
  • the flow rate of the hot gas is therefore largely constant in the entire heating channel, in particular in the mouth section 12.
  • the probability of undesirable premature vortex formation in the heating channel 10 due to flow inhomogeneities is kept so low.
  • the constant cross section in the mouth section 12 is achieved in that the surface 19 is inclined more than the surface 20.
  • the lateral surface 20 is limited at the transition from the mouth portion 12 into the heating volume 7 of a trained as a ring, sharp edge 22.
  • This edge facilitates the detachment of the hot gas flow 13 from the lateral surface 20 and therefore favors the formation of the vortex 17 only at the rear wall 15 of the heating volume.
  • the radius of the edge 22 is typically 0.1 to 1 mm.
  • the edge 22 is arranged on a projecting into the heating volume in the manner of a ring 23 ring.
  • the ring 23 provides improved guidance of the hot gas flow 13 in the mouth region.
  • the mouth portion 12 may also be shaped differently. It can be seen from FIGS. 3 and 4 that the mouth section can have partial channels 12 '(FIG. 3) and 12 "(FIG. 4) offset in the circumferential direction, which, as shown in FIG. 3, has an approximately circular cross-section or as shown in FIG .4 can be seen in the form of a banana executed cross-sectional profile.
  • the ratio of the length of the torus in the axial direction to the height of the torus in the radial volume is between 1 and 3 in the radial direction.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
EP06405084A 2006-02-28 2006-02-28 Chambre de coupure d'un disjoncteur haute tension avec un volume de chauffage recevant le gaz de soufflage généré par l'arc Active EP1826792B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE502006001492T DE502006001492D1 (de) 2006-02-28 2006-02-28 Schaltkammer eines Hochspannungsschalters mit einem Heizvolumen zur Aufnahme von schaltlichtbogenerzeugtem Löschgas
AT06405084T ATE407442T1 (de) 2006-02-28 2006-02-28 Schaltkammer eines hochspannungsschalters mit einem heizvolumen zur aufnahme von schaltlichtbogenerzeugtem löschgas
EP06405084A EP1826792B1 (fr) 2006-02-28 2006-02-28 Chambre de coupure d'un disjoncteur haute tension avec un volume de chauffage recevant le gaz de soufflage généré par l'arc
JP2008556627A JP2009528653A (ja) 2006-02-28 2007-02-06 スイッチング・アークにより作り出されるクエンチング・ガスを保持するための加熱ボリュームを有する高電圧スイッチのためのスイッチング・チャンバ
CN2007800068816A CN101390179B (zh) 2006-02-28 2007-02-06 高压开关的具有用于容纳由切换电弧产生的灭弧气体的加热容积的灭弧室
PCT/CH2007/000056 WO2007098619A1 (fr) 2006-02-28 2007-02-06 Chambre de commutation pour commutateur a haute tension a volume chauffe pour reprise d'un gaz d'extinction produit par l'arc electrique de commutation
US12/200,379 US20080314873A1 (en) 2006-02-28 2008-08-28 Switching chamber for a high-voltage switch having a heating volume for holding quenching gas produced by switching arcs

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06405084A EP1826792B1 (fr) 2006-02-28 2006-02-28 Chambre de coupure d'un disjoncteur haute tension avec un volume de chauffage recevant le gaz de soufflage généré par l'arc

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1826792A1 true EP1826792A1 (fr) 2007-08-29
EP1826792B1 EP1826792B1 (fr) 2008-09-03

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ID=36636668

Family Applications (1)

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EP06405084A Active EP1826792B1 (fr) 2006-02-28 2006-02-28 Chambre de coupure d'un disjoncteur haute tension avec un volume de chauffage recevant le gaz de soufflage généré par l'arc

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20080314873A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1826792B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2009528653A (fr)
CN (1) CN101390179B (fr)
AT (1) ATE407442T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE502006001492D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007098619A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012139916A1 (fr) * 2011-04-11 2012-10-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Appareil de commutation électrique
WO2016124175A1 (fr) * 2015-02-04 2016-08-11 Rwth Aachen Disjoncteur
WO2018015436A1 (fr) * 2016-07-21 2018-01-25 Abb Schweiz Ag Dispositif de commutation haute tension isolé au gaz avec buse principale améliorée

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DE102009009451A1 (de) 2009-02-13 2010-08-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schaltgeräteanordnung mit einer Schaltstrecke
DE102010020979A1 (de) * 2010-05-12 2011-11-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Druckgas-Leistungsschalter
FR2962847B1 (fr) * 2010-07-16 2012-08-17 Areva T & D Sas Appareillage de chambre de coupure pour deux electrodes de contact confinees
EP2662877B1 (fr) * 2011-01-07 2019-09-25 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Appareil de commutation
RU2013144196A (ru) 2011-03-02 2015-04-10 Франклин Фьюэлинг Системз, Инк. Система отслеживания плотности газа
CA2865094C (fr) 2012-02-20 2020-07-21 Franklin Fueling Systems, Inc. Systeme de surveillance d'humidite
CN104488058B (zh) * 2012-04-11 2017-09-12 Abb技术有限公司 断路器
AU2013347028B2 (en) * 2012-11-13 2017-05-18 Hitachi Energy Ltd Contact system
CN105359242B (zh) * 2013-07-19 2017-08-18 株式会社日立制作所 气体断路器
KR101667638B1 (ko) * 2014-10-06 2016-10-19 엘에스산전 주식회사 가스차단기
JP2016131061A (ja) * 2015-01-13 2016-07-21 株式会社日立製作所 パッファ形ガス遮断器
EP3407370B1 (fr) * 2017-05-24 2020-04-01 General Electric Technology GmbH Interrupteur à gaz comprimé comprenant une chambre de stockage de gaz optimisée
EP3503151B1 (fr) * 2017-12-20 2022-04-13 Hitachi Energy Switzerland AG Disjoncteur et procédé de réalisation d'une opération de coupure du courant
EP3576125B1 (fr) * 2018-05-30 2021-02-17 ABB Power Grids Switzerland AG Disjoncteur haute tension
EP4246548A1 (fr) * 2022-03-15 2023-09-20 Hitachi Energy Switzerland AG Unité d'interrupteur pour dispositif haute ou moyenne tension isolé au gaz et dispositif haute ou moyenne tension isolé au gaz

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DE19936987C1 (de) * 1999-07-30 2001-01-25 Siemens Ag Hochspannungsschalter mit Lichtbogenkontakten und einer Elektrode

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012139916A1 (fr) * 2011-04-11 2012-10-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Appareil de commutation électrique
WO2016124175A1 (fr) * 2015-02-04 2016-08-11 Rwth Aachen Disjoncteur
WO2018015436A1 (fr) * 2016-07-21 2018-01-25 Abb Schweiz Ag Dispositif de commutation haute tension isolé au gaz avec buse principale améliorée
KR20190031307A (ko) * 2016-07-21 2019-03-25 에이비비 슈바이쯔 아게 개선된 메인 노즐을 갖는 가스 절연 고전압 스위칭 디바이스
US10699862B2 (en) 2016-07-21 2020-06-30 Abb Power Grids Switzerland Ag Gas-insulated high-voltage switching device with improved main nozzle
KR102519246B1 (ko) 2016-07-21 2023-04-06 히타치 에너지 스위처랜드 아게 개선된 메인 노즐을 갖는 가스 절연 고전압 스위칭 디바이스

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE407442T1 (de) 2008-09-15
CN101390179B (zh) 2011-12-14
DE502006001492D1 (de) 2008-10-16
JP2009528653A (ja) 2009-08-06
US20080314873A1 (en) 2008-12-25
CN101390179A (zh) 2009-03-18
EP1826792B1 (fr) 2008-09-03
WO2007098619A1 (fr) 2007-09-07

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