EP3576125B1 - Disjoncteur haute tension - Google Patents

Disjoncteur haute tension Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3576125B1
EP3576125B1 EP18175210.6A EP18175210A EP3576125B1 EP 3576125 B1 EP3576125 B1 EP 3576125B1 EP 18175210 A EP18175210 A EP 18175210A EP 3576125 B1 EP3576125 B1 EP 3576125B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit breaker
voltage circuit
channel
tulip
region
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18175210.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3576125A1 (fr
Inventor
Martin Seeger
Bernardo Galletti
Mahesh DHOTRE
Reto Karrer
Rijo-Jude Raphael
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Energy Ltd
Original Assignee
ABB Power Grids Switzerland AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Power Grids Switzerland AG filed Critical ABB Power Grids Switzerland AG
Priority to EP18175210.6A priority Critical patent/EP3576125B1/fr
Priority to CN201910456332.3A priority patent/CN110556262A/zh
Publication of EP3576125A1 publication Critical patent/EP3576125A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3576125B1 publication Critical patent/EP3576125B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/7015Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
    • H01H33/7023Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by an insulating tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle
    • H01H33/703Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by an insulating tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle having special gas flow directing elements, e.g. grooves, extensions
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02Details
    • H01H33/04Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/22Selection of fluids for arc-extinguishing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/901Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/91Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-voltage circuit breaker.
  • High-voltage circuit breakers have been known for a long time. They have two contact elements which are movable relative to one another along a central axis of the high-voltage circuit breaker. Between the two contact elements there is an arc area in which an arc arises when the high-voltage circuit breaker is switched, which arc must be extinguished, for example, using an extinguishing gas.
  • the Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of part of a known high-voltage circuit breaker.
  • This high-voltage circuit breaker 1 has two opposing contact elements 3, 4 which can be moved relative to one another along a central axis 2 of the high-voltage circuit breaker by means of a drive.
  • the contact element 3 is a metallic contact tulip
  • the contact element 4 is a metallic contact pin.
  • An arc region 5 is provided between the two contact pieces 3, 4, in which an arc is formed, for example when the high-voltage circuit breaker is switched off, in which the two contact elements are removed from one another.
  • the high-voltage circuit breaker 1 shown has an essentially cylindrical auxiliary nozzle 6 which at least partially encloses the contact element 3.
  • the inner jacket 6a of the auxiliary nozzle faces the arc region 5.
  • the high-voltage circuit breaker 1 shown has a main nozzle 7 which at least partially encloses the auxiliary nozzle 6.
  • a channel 10 is formed between the auxiliary nozzle 6 and the main nozzle 7 and connects the arc region 5 to a blowing volume 8, in particular a heating volume and / or a blowing piston volume 8.
  • the blowing volume 8 is arranged outside the auxiliary nozzle 6 in the radial direction 9.
  • the channel 10 is angled and has a first channel area 10a and a second channel area 10b.
  • the first channel area 10a opens into the arc area 5 and runs at right angles to the central axis 2, ie in the radial direction 9.
  • the second channel area 10b opens into the blowing volume 8 and runs between the auxiliary nozzle 6 and the main nozzle 7 parallel to the central axis 2, ie in the axial direction 11.
  • An additional channel 13 is formed between the metallic contact tulip 3 and the auxiliary nozzle 6. As a result, a gas flow occurs in the area between the auxiliary nozzle 6 and the metallic contact tulip 3 in the switch-off phases of the high-voltage circuit breaker.
  • a switching device arrangement which has a switching gas intermediate storage device and a flow deflection device projecting into this.
  • the flow deflection device is designed at least in sections as a Venturi nozzle with a take-off opening.
  • this switching device arrangement has arcing contact pieces, an arcing nozzle and an auxiliary nozzle.
  • One of the arcing contact pieces is tubular and has a socket at its end facing the other arcing contact piece.
  • This second arcing contact piece is designed in the shape of a bolt opposite the same, so that it can be moved into the socket of the first arcing contact piece and enables galvanic contact between the two arcing contact pieces.
  • a switching gas outlet channel is formed between the arc steering nozzle and the auxiliary nozzle.
  • the tubular arcing contact piece rests directly on the auxiliary nozzle in its radial outer area.
  • WO 2009/124582 A1 and DE 195 12 652 C1 each disclose a high-voltage circuit breaker according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a high-voltage circuit breaker whose current breaking capacity is improved. This object is achieved by a high-voltage circuit breaker with the features specified in claim 1.
  • the high-voltage circuit breaker specified in claim 1 has: two opposing contact elements that can move relative to one another along a central axis of the high-voltage circuit breaker, an arc area provided between the two contact elements, an auxiliary nozzle which at least partially encloses one of the contact elements, a main nozzle which the auxiliary nozzle at least partially encloses a channel connecting the arc area with a blowing volume, in particular heating volume and / or blowing piston volume, which has a first channel area, the first channel area opening into the arc area and there a stagnation point in the opening area (especially when blowing the arc) forms, and a further channel running between the auxiliary nozzle and a first of the two contact elements, the further channel running between the auxiliary nozzle and the first of the two contact elements being closed at the end and wherein the distance between the stagnation point and a narrowest point of the first contact element is in a range between 5 mm and 20 mm.
  • the distance on the central axis between the stagnation point and the narrowest point of the first contact element is measured.
  • the first contact element encloses a volume and has a minimum cross-sectional area perpendicular to the central axis through the volume, the intersection of the minimum cross-sectional area with the central axis defining the narrowest point of the first contact element.
  • a high-voltage circuit breaker designed in this way has the advantage that even when using a (very) small distance between the stagnation point and the narrowest point of the first contact element, a (very) steep pressure profile can be formed which is largely independent of the shape or shape. Design of the auxiliary nozzle is. Consequently, almost no change in the pressure profile occurs even in the event of wear and thus a surface change or a burn-off of the auxiliary nozzle.
  • a small acceleration path the length of which, according to the invention, is in the range between 5 mm and 20 mm, leads together with a tulip channel closed at the end (or further channel closed at the end) to improve the current breaking capacity of the high-voltage circuit breaker.
  • this current disconnection capacity is further improved in that the tulip slots present in the contact element designed as a contact tulip are also made as small as possible, in particular less than or equal to 1 mm or less than or equal to 0.8 mm or less than or equal to 0.6 mm .
  • the Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional representation of part of a high-voltage circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • This high-voltage circuit breaker 1 has two opposing contact elements 3, 4 which can be moved relative to one another along a central axis 2 of the high-voltage circuit breaker by means of a drive.
  • the contact element 3 is a metallic contact tulip
  • the contact element 4 is a metallic contact pin.
  • the said contact tulip has tulip fingers and from the Figure 2 not visible, provided between the tulip fingers tulip slits, which allow a deformation of the tulip fingers for receiving the contact pin 4.
  • the high-voltage circuit breaker 1 shown has a cylindrically designed auxiliary nozzle 6 which at least partially encloses the contact element 3 designed as a contact tulip.
  • the area of the inner jacket 6a of the auxiliary nozzle 6 located in the arc area 5 faces the arc area 5.
  • the inner jacket 6c of the auxiliary nozzle 6, which is adjacent to the radial outer jacket 3b of the contact element 3, extends (essentially) in the axial direction 11.
  • a tulip channel 13 is formed which, according to the invention, in its in of the Figure 2 has a closure point 13a on the left-hand end region and in its other end region it encompasses the tulip fingers at a distance or partially envelops the tulip fingers or adjoins the tulip fingers.
  • the tulip slits present in the contact tulip 3, which allow the fingers of the contact tulip to be deformed are also dimensioned small, preferably smaller than or equal to 1 mm.
  • This effect is further improved if the tulip slits are chosen to be smaller than or equal to 0.8 mm.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment consists in choosing the tulip slits smaller than or equal to 0.6 mm.
  • the high-voltage circuit breaker 1 shown has a main nozzle 7 which at least partially encloses the auxiliary nozzle 6.
  • the part of the inner jacket 7a of the main nozzle 7 that is in the arc region faces the arc region 5.
  • a channel 10 (also called a heating channel 10) is formed between the auxiliary nozzle 6 and the main nozzle 7 and connects the arc region 5 with a blowing volume 8, in particular a heating volume 8 and / or a blowing piston volume 8.
  • This blowing volume is arranged outside the auxiliary nozzle 6 in the radial direction 9.
  • the channel 10 is typically angled and has a first channel area 10a and a second channel area 10b.
  • the first channel area 10a runs at right angles or almost at right angles to the central axis 2 of the high-voltage circuit breaker, ie (essentially) in the radial direction 9.
  • the second channel area 10b runs between the auxiliary nozzle 6 and the main nozzle 7 parallel or almost parallel to the central axis 2 , ie (essentially) in the axial direction 11.
  • a stagnation point 12 is shown, which is located on the central axis 2.
  • the flow velocity of the gas is zero when the arc is blown (essentially) in a radial direction by the extinguishing gas flowing back through the heating channel 10 from the blowing volume 8, in particular from the heating volume 8 and / or blowing piston volume 8.
  • This stagnation point 12 is present at an axial position on the central axis of the high-voltage circuit breaker 1, which lies between an end region 7b of the main nozzle 7 delimiting the channel region 10a and an end region 6b of the auxiliary nozzle 6 delimiting the channel region 10a on its other side.
  • the axial position of said end portion 7b of the main nozzle 7 is illustrated with a dashed line denoted by the letter g.
  • the axial position of said end region 6b of auxiliary nozzle 6 (or the axial end surface 6b of auxiliary nozzle 6 delimiting channel region 10a) is illustrated with a dashed line denoted by the letter f.
  • the narrowest point (throat) of the contact tulip 3 illustrated with a dashed line, which is denoted by the letter e.
  • the stagnation point 12 is arranged in the axial area at the confluence of the first channel area 10a into the arc area 5, i.e. in the axial area between the dashed lines f and g.
  • the Mach1 plane is located in supersonic flow conditions.
  • the distance L1 of the stagnation point 12 from the narrowest point of the contact tulip 3 is selected to be very small and lies in a range between 5 mm and 20 mm. This range is chosen so that on the one hand the axial acceleration distance is not too short to to avoid the creation of turbulence on the arc jacket and that, on the other hand, the axial acceleration path is long enough to ensure the rise in the pressure profile.
  • a preferred embodiment consists in choosing the distance L1 of the stagnation point 12 from the narrowest point of the contact tulip 3 to be greater than 8 mm.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment consists in choosing the distance L1 of the stagnation point 12 from the narrowest point of the contact tulip 3 to be greater than 10 mm.
  • a preferred embodiment consists in choosing the distance L1 of the stagnation point 12 from the narrowest point of the contact tulip to be less than 18 mm.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment consists in choosing the distance L1 of the stagnation point 12 from the narrowest point of the contact tulip to be less than 16 mm, in particular that the distance L1 of the stagnation point 12 from the narrowest point of the contact tulip is selected in the range of 12 mm to 16 mm .
  • the gas flow through the tulip channel prevented by the closing of the tulip channel 13 at the end ensures that the Mach1 plane (in the event of an arc load) can only be positioned in the area of the narrowest point of the contact tulip 3 and not, for example, in the area of the narrowest point of the auxiliary nozzle 6.
  • the axial position of the stagnation point 12 lies - as already explained above - in the axial area between the two boundary lines f and g, which characterize the width of the first channel area 10a.
  • the selected short distance L1 between the stagnation point 12 and the narrowest point of the first contact element enables the already mentioned steep increase in the pressure profile, which is almost independent of the shape of the auxiliary nozzle 6. As a result, almost no change in the pressure profile occurs even if the auxiliary nozzle 6 is worn. Furthermore, the selected short distance L1, which is in the range between 5 mm and 20 mm, leads to an improved current-breaking capacity of the high-voltage circuit breaker 1.
  • a network interface for connecting a high-voltage circuit breaker 1 according to the invention to a data network.
  • the high-voltage circuit breaker can be connected to the data network via the network interface in order to execute a command received from the data network and / or to transmit information to the data network.
  • switch-on and switch-off commands can be transmitted to the high-voltage circuit breaker in this way and / or status information can be transmitted from the high-voltage circuit breaker 1 to the data network.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Disjoncteur haute tension (1), comprenant
    - deux éléments de contact (3, 4) opposés l'un à l'autre, mobiles l'un par rapport à l'autre le long d'une ligne médiane (2) du disjoncteur haute tension,
    - une zone d'arc électrique (5) prévue entre les deux éléments de contact,
    - une buse auxiliaire (6) entourant au moins partiellement l'un des éléments de contact (3),
    - une buse principale (7) entourant au moins partiellement la buse auxiliaire,
    - un passage (10) reliant la zone d'arc électrique à un volume de soufflage (8) et qui présente une première zone de passage (10a), la première zone de passage (10a) débouchant sur la zone d'arc électrique (5) et y formant un point de stagnation (12) dans la zone d'embouchure, et
    - un passage supplémentaire (13) s'étendant entre la buse auxiliaire (6) et un premier des deux éléments de contact (3),
    le passage supplémentaire (13) s'étendant entre la buse auxiliaire (6) et le premier des deux éléments de contact (3) étant fermé côté extrémité,
    caractérisé en ce que la distance (L1), mesurée en direction de la ligne médiane (2), entre le point de stagnation (12) et un endroit le plus étroit du premier élément de contact (3), se situe dans la plage entre 5 mm et 20 mm.
  2. Disjoncteur haute tension (1) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le premier élément de contact est une tulipe de contact (3) et le deuxième élément de contact est une fiche de contact (4), et le passage supplémentaire (13) est un passage de tulipe.
  3. Disjoncteur haute tension (1) selon la revendication 2, dans lequel le passage de tulipe (13) est fermé au niveau d'un point de fermeture (13a) côté extrémité, et dans son autre zone d'extrémité, il est adjacent à des doigts de tulipe entre lesquels des fentes de tulipe sont prévues.
  4. Disjoncteur haute tension (1) selon la revendication 3, dans lequel les fentes de tulipe sont respectivement inférieures ou égales à 1 mm.
  5. Disjoncteur haute tension (1) selon la revendication 3, dans lequel les fentes de tulipe sont respectivement inférieures inférieures ou égales à 0,8 mm.
  6. Disjoncteur haute tension (1) selon la revendication 3, dans lequel les fentes de tulipe sont respectivement inférieures ou égales à 0,6 mm.
  7. Disjoncteur haute tension (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel au niveau de l'endroit le plus étroit du premier élément de contact (3), en particulier dans une zone de section transversale de l'endroit le plus étroit, un niveau Mach 1 est formé par des conditions d'écoulement supersoniques.
  8. Disjoncteur haute tension (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la distance (L1) entre le point de stagnation (12) et l'endroit le plus étroit du premier élément de contact est supérieure à 8 mm.
  9. Disjoncteur haute tension (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la distance (L1) entre le point de stagnation (12) et l'endroit le plus étroit du premier élément de contact est supérieure à 10 mm.
  10. Disjoncteur haute tension (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la distance (L1) entre le point de stagnation (12) et l'endroit le plus étroit du premier élément de contact est inférieure à 18 mm.
  11. Disjoncteur haute tension (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la distance (L1) entre le point de stagnation (12) et l'endroit le plus étroit du premier élément de contact est inférieure à 16 mm.
  12. Disjoncteur haute tension (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le passage (10) reliant la zone d'arc électrique (5) au volume de soufflage (8) est réalisé de manière coudée, et présente la première zone de passage (10a) et une deuxième zone de passage (10b), la première zone de passage (10a) s'étendant de manière perpendiculaire ou substantiellement perpendiculaire à la ligne médiane (2), et la deuxième zone de passage (10b) débouchant sur le volume de soufflage (8) et s'étendant entre la buse auxiliaire (6) et la buse principale (7) en parallèle ou substantiellement en parallèle à la ligne médiane (2).
  13. Disjoncteur haute tension (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le point de stagnation (12) se trouve en une position axiale sur la ligne médiane (2) du disjoncteur haute tension (1), qui est située entre une zone d'extrémité (7b), délimitant la première zone de passage (10a), de la buse principale (7) et une zone d'extrémité (6b), délimitant la première zone de passage (10a) sur l'autre côté de celle-ci, de la buse auxiliaire (6).
  14. Disjoncteur haute tension (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la distance (L1) sur la ligne médiane (2) est mesurée entre le point de stagnation (12) et l'endroit le plus étroit du premier élément de contact (3), en particulier que le premier élément de contact (3) entoure un volume et présente une superficie de la section minimale, perpendiculaire à la ligne médiane (2), à travers le volume, le point d'intersection de la superficie de la section minimale avec la ligne médiane (2) définissant l'endroit le plus étroit du premier élément de contact (3).
  15. Disjoncteur haute tension (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le volume de soufflage (8) est un volume de chauffage (8) ou un volume de piston de soufflage (8) ou un volume de chauffage (8) et de piston de soufflage (8) combiné.
EP18175210.6A 2018-05-30 2018-05-30 Disjoncteur haute tension Active EP3576125B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18175210.6A EP3576125B1 (fr) 2018-05-30 2018-05-30 Disjoncteur haute tension
CN201910456332.3A CN110556262A (zh) 2018-05-30 2019-05-29 高压断路器

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18175210.6A EP3576125B1 (fr) 2018-05-30 2018-05-30 Disjoncteur haute tension

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3576125A1 EP3576125A1 (fr) 2019-12-04
EP3576125B1 true EP3576125B1 (fr) 2021-02-17

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18175210.6A Active EP3576125B1 (fr) 2018-05-30 2018-05-30 Disjoncteur haute tension

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3576125B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN110556262A (fr)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19512652C1 (de) * 1995-04-05 1996-10-31 Aeg Energietechnik Gmbh Leistungsschalter
EP1826792B1 (fr) * 2006-02-28 2008-09-03 ABB Research Ltd Chambre de coupure d'un disjoncteur haute tension avec un volume de chauffage recevant le gaz de soufflage généré par l'arc
DE502007006438D1 (de) * 2007-10-16 2011-03-17 Abb Research Ltd Einem von einem überstromventil gesteuerten entlastungskanal
WO2009124582A1 (fr) * 2008-04-07 2009-10-15 Abb Research Ltd Disjoncteur haute tension à isolation gazeuse
DE102009009450A1 (de) 2009-02-13 2010-08-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schaltgeräteanordnung
WO2015028264A2 (fr) * 2013-08-28 2015-03-05 Abb Technology Ag Disjoncteur haute tension à isolation gazeuse

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3576125A1 (fr) 2019-12-04
CN110556262A (zh) 2019-12-10

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