Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
  • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
  • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
  • H01H33/7023—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by an insulating tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
  • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
  • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
  • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
  • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
  • H01H33/7061—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by use of special mounting means
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
  • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
  • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
  • H01H33/7076—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by the use of special materials

Definitions

• the invention relates to the field of high-power switch technology. It relates to a high-performance switch according to the preamble of claim 1.
• a high-performance switch which has a contact tulip as arcing contact piece, which forms a flat contact for guiding a short-circuit current with a current-carrying element.
• a tube made of burn-resistant material is provided which is intended to protect the interior of the contact tulip from hot gas, wherein the gas is heated by an electric arc on the arc contact piece arc and flows through the contact tulip and beyond the current-carrying element , If no adequate protection is provided, such a hot gas stream can remove material from the current-carrying element and / or the contact tulip, which can lead to a degradation of the electrical contact between the contact tulip and the current-carrying element. Increasing contact resistance and even interruption of contact may result.
• the tube of erosion-resistant material is screwed into the current-carrying element and has in the part in which it is disposed within the contact tulip, an outer diameter which is greater than the inner diameter of the contact tulip at the respective location.
• the gas flow available cross-sectional area decreases greatly. If this cross-sectional area remains approximately constant in order to keep similar outflow rates, (for the same, the short-circuit current available cross-sections) a larger contact tulip and a larger current-carrying element must be provided, so that a larger overall high-performance switch is the result.
• a compact, ie small outer dimensions exhibiting high-performance switch is to be created, which has a low, not by hot gas-induced contact degradation with increasing electrical resistance between an arcing contact piece and a short-circuit current from the arcing contact piece dissipating current-carrying element.
• the high-performance switch according to the invention with an axis, by means of which an axial coordinate parallel to the axis and a radial coordinate perpendicular thereto are defined, has an arcing contact piece, a current-carrying element and a burn-off protection element.
• Arc contact piece has an opening for guiding a substantially axial flow of a gas heated by an optionally on the arcing contact piece heated gas.
• a flowing during a burning time of the arc through the arcing contact piece and the current-carrying element short-circuit current, it forms a surface contact with the current-carrying element.
• the current-carrying element is substantially shielded from the flow near the planar contact.
• the current-carrying element has an axial region in which a radial inner dimension of the
• the radial outer dimension of the high-power switch can be kept very small.
• the high-performance switch is characterized in that the current-carrying element has an axial (that is, defined by its axial extent) region, at its end facing the flat contact, a radial inner dimension of the current-carrying element is smaller than at the flat contact opposite end.
• the flat contact facing the end of the area directly on the flat contact or near the surface contact.
• the invention makes it possible to simultaneously realize a large-area contact between arcing contact piece and current-carrying element (with correspondingly low contact resistance) and protection against hot-gas-induced contact degradation (on the large-area contact).
• a very compact design of the high-performance switch and a long service life are made possible in this way.
• the current-carrying element be chamfered, preferably already from the surface contact with the arcing contact piece.
• the axial region is advantageously arranged on the side facing away from the arcing contact piece of the flat contact.
• the axial region is arranged near the arcing contact piece.
• the current-carrying element and the erosion protection element are designed substantially rotationally symmetrical.
• the entire high-power switch is designed substantially rotationally symmetrical.
• the radial outer dimension of the erosion protection element is the outer diameter
• a radial outer dimension of the Abbrandtikiatas and the radial inner dimension of the current-carrying element in the axial region are adapted to each other. This allows a compact Construction of the switch.
• the erosion protection element is fitted in the current-carrying element.
• the erosion protection element is axially extended up to the arcing contact piece.
• the erosion protection element may be extended to the arcing contact piece (so that the arcing contact piece and erosion protection element touch one another) or beyond (until there is an area in which the erosion protection element and the arcing contact piece overlap axially).
• the erosion protection element may also be axially extended (only) up to the axial extent of the arcing contact piece (so that the areas of the axial extent of arcing contact piece and erosion protection element contact each other without overlapping).
• the erosion protection element has a more erosion-resistant material than the current-carrying element near the surface contact.
• at least the hot gas flow side facing the Abbrandtikides of such erosion-resistant material preferably, the whole erosion protection element is made of such a material. Near the surface contact is that part of the
• a radial inner dimension of the erosion protection element is substantially equal to a radial inner dimension of the arcing contact element.
• Particularly advantageous are (within Manufacturing tolerances), the radial inner dimension of the current-carrying element and the radial outer dimension of Abbrandtikettis in the axial region of equal size.
• a radial inner dimension of the burn-off protection element is substantially the same size as a radial inner dimension of the arcing contact piece.
• a high-performance switch can have a discharge pipe for guiding the hot gas flow.
• the outflow tube serves to guide a flow of a gas heated by an arc which may be located on the arcing contact piece.
• the Abbrandtikelement is connected to the outlet pipe with great advantage.
• the outflow pipe and the erosion protection element are integrally formed. This facilitates the manufacture and assembly of the
• the burn-off protection element is advantageously integrated in the outflow pipe.
• the current-carrying element is firmly connected to an auxiliary nozzle surrounding the arcing contact piece.
• the current-carrying element serves to support or hold an insulating nozzle arrangement (comprising at least one main nozzle and at least one auxiliary nozzle), or the current-carrying element is firmly connected or integrally formed with such a support or holder.
• the surface contact is advantageously aligned substantially radially. At least the surface contact does not extend exclusively along the horizontal coordinate.
• the current-carrying element and / or the arcing contact piece can be provided with a coating for reducing the contact resistance on a surface contributing to the planar contact, preferably (in each case) over the entire areal surface contact.
• a coating can be, for example, a silver plating.
• a nominal current contact system is provided in addition to the arcing contact piece. This carries a rated current in the closed switch state, while after the rated current contact piece separation, the current commutates to an arcing contact system comprising the arcing contact piece. After the separation of the arcing contact system, an arc to be extinguished, the short-circuit current carrying arc is ignited. It is also possible that the arcing contact together with another arcing contact forms a rated current contact system.
• a high-performance switch is typically designed to carry short-circuit currents between 2 kA and 80 kA at nominal voltages between 10 kV and over 1000 kV, preferably between 30 kV and 550 kV.
• Fig. 1 shows a large section of an inventive
• Fig. 1 shows schematically and cut a section of an inventive high power switch in the open switching state.
• the high-power switch is substantially rotationally symmetrical with a rotation axis A, through which an axial coordinate designated by z and a radial coordinate designated by r is defined.
• a nominal current contact system 9 consisting of two rated current contacts 9 was first opened, see FIG in that a current flowing through the switch commutates on an arc contact piece system consisting of two arcing contact pieces 1, 1 b. After separating the two arcing contact pieces 1, 1 b burns between them an arc 5, and a short-circuit current I, symbolized by thin open arrows, flows through the two arcing contact pieces 1, 1 b.
• the arc contact piece 1 is formed as a contact tulip with a plurality of contact fingers and has an opening 6.
• a provided in the switch extinguishing gas 4, for example SF ⁇ , is heated by the arc 5 and forms, optionally together with further gaseous material, a gas flow 4 (symbolized by thick open arrows), which flows through the opening 6.
• the short-circuit current I flows through a radially oriented flat contact F at the end of the contact tulip 1 in a current-carrying element 2 and from there to the terminals of the switch.
• a burn-off protection element 3a is provided, which is formed integrally here together with an outflow tube 3.
• the current-carrying element 2 is generally made of a less erosion-resistant (heat-resistant) material (for example, aluminum or copper) than the erosion protection element 3a, which may be made of steel or a carbon fiber composite material, for example.
• the arcing contact piece 1 can be made, for example, from copper, steel or tungsten-copper.
• the entire bottom surface of the arcing contact piece 1 serves as a contact surface F to the current-carrying element 2, and from there the current-carrying element 2 is protected from the gas flow 4 by the erosion protection element 3 a.
• suitable materials can be dispensed with additional protection of the arcing contact piece 1 from burning, so that the erosion protection element 3a only the contact surface F and the contact surface near part of the current-carrying element 2 must protect from hot gas.
• the contact tulip 1 can, as shown in Fig. 1, in the
• the inner diameter d2 of the current-carrying element 2 increases continuously.
• the outer diameter of the erosion protection element 3a increases.
• the inner diameter of the Abbrandtikettis 3a is in an axial region 2b (or at least close to the contact surface F) equal to the inner diameter dl of the arcing contact piece 1 near the contact surface F.
• the current-carrying element 2 still has the function of holding an insulating auxiliary nozzle 7 and, via a metallic tube (which also carries one of the rated current contact pieces 9), an insulating main nozzle 8. Both arcing contact pieces 1, 1 b or only one of the two can be designed to be movable.
• the arcing contact piece 1, the outflow pipe 3, the current-carrying element 2, the insulating nozzle arrangement 7, 8 and the rated current contact 9 arranged on the insulating nozzle side can be firmly connected to one another.
• Embodiments of the area near the surface contact F as they are possible in a high-performance switch according to FIG. 1 or in another switch with an arcing contact piece 1, a current-carrying element 2 and a burn-off protection element 3a.
• Fig. 2 shows the embodiment of Fig. 1, wherein the thread is shown more clearly.
• the illustration is somewhat idealized, since due to manufacturing tolerances some surfaces may have a small spacing from one another. In connection with Fig. 3, this problem is discussed.
• the contact piece 1 can also be pressed into the latter instead of being connected to the current-carrying element 2 by means of a thread.
• This is an example of a positive connection.
• the bevel of Abbrandstoffides 3a may be formed less strong than the bevel of the current-carrying element 2, as shown in Fig. 3.
• the contact tulip 1 may also have a bevel, as a result of which manufacturing tolerance-related fitting problems of the burn-up protection element 3a are prevented.
• a stump-shaped end of the erosion protection element 3a can also be provided.
• FIG. 4 shows a further exemplary realization of how a contact pressure leading to a low contact resistance can be achieved at the contact surface 6.
• the arcing contact piece 1 is pressed by means of a union nut 10 or a flange 10 against the current-carrying element.
• FIG. 4 shows that the burn-off protection element 3 a can also be arranged separately from the outflow pipe 3.
• Fig. 5 shows that it is also possible to provide a plurality of bevels of the current-carrying element 2 and / or erosion protection element 3a.
• FIG. 6 shows that it is also possible to provide the erosion protection element 3a extended with respect to the axial coordinate beyond the extent of the arcing contact piece 1.
• FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment in which the burn-off protection element 3 a is arranged separately from the outflow pipe 3.
• a stepwise (here in one step, but there are also two, the or more steps conceivable) enlargement of the inner diameter d2 of the current-carrying element 2 can be provided.
• Receive Fig. 7 den Switch is only up to the axis of symmetry A, half the inner diameter, as d2 / 2, indicated.
• FIG. 8 shows an embodiment in which the erosion protection element 3a and the current-carrying element 2, starting from the flat contact F and in the direction predetermined by the coordinate z, initially have a constant outside or inside diameter and then a bevelled area in the direction of larger radial coordinates , As a result, improved burn-up resistance is ensured at the expense of a slightly reduced contact surface F.
• FIG. 9 is similar to that in FIG. 8, but shows that the surface contact F does not necessarily have to be substantially radially aligned. It can enclose a non-zero angle tx with an axis running along the coordinate r.
• the angle ex may, as shown in Fig. 9, be negative, but also positive angles a are possible.
• the inner diameter d3 of the erosion protection element 3a is slightly smaller than the inner diameter d1 of the arcing contact piece 1.
• the erosion protection element 3a extends from the side of the contact surface F, to which predominantly adjoins the current-carrying element 3, except for the side of the contact surface F, to which predominantly the arcing contact piece 1 adjoins.
• An improved protection against erosion at the contact surface F is achieved.
• a snap mechanism is realized by the formation of Abbrandtikelement 3a and current-carrying element 2 in the region 2a, which serves the mutual attachment of the two parts together.
• Inner diameter d3 Radial inner dimension of the erosion protection element, inner diameter

Landscapes

• Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
• Circuit Breakers (AREA)
• Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=34932422

Family Applications (2)

Family Applications Before (1)

Country Status (7)

Families Citing this family (8)

Family Cites Families (10)

• 2004
  • 2004-12-23 EP EP04405796A patent/EP1675144A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
• 2005
  • 2005-12-14 WO PCT/CH2005/000747 patent/WO2006066426A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2005-12-14 DE DE502005009053T patent/DE502005009053D1/de active Active
  • 2005-12-14 EP EP05812736A patent/EP1831906B1/fr active Active
  • 2005-12-14 JP JP2007547137A patent/JP2008525945A/ja not_active Withdrawn
  • 2005-12-14 CN CN2005800439713A patent/CN101288141B/zh active Active
  • 2005-12-14 AT AT05812736T patent/ATE458258T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2007
  • 2007-06-18 US US11/812,315 patent/US7595461B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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