EP1760743A1 - Disjoncteur à vide avec un contact mobile monté en rotation - Google Patents

Disjoncteur à vide avec un contact mobile monté en rotation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1760743A1
EP1760743A1 EP05405516A EP05405516A EP1760743A1 EP 1760743 A1 EP1760743 A1 EP 1760743A1 EP 05405516 A EP05405516 A EP 05405516A EP 05405516 A EP05405516 A EP 05405516A EP 1760743 A1 EP1760743 A1 EP 1760743A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rod
switch according
bellows
chamber
thread
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05405516A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christian Schacherer
Felix Rager
Kaveh Niayesh
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Original Assignee
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Research Ltd Switzerland, ABB Research Ltd Sweden filed Critical ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Priority to EP05405516A priority Critical patent/EP1760743A1/fr
Publication of EP1760743A1 publication Critical patent/EP1760743A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66238—Specific bellows details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/18—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with subsequent sliding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66238—Specific bellows details
    • H01H2033/66246—Details relating to the guiding of the contact rod in vacuum switch belows
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/001—Means for preventing or breaking contact-welding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a circuit breaker according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such operating under vacuum switch is preferably used in medium voltage networks with rated voltages up to about 72 kV and is used to turn on and off a variety of alternating currents, in particular the switching of load currents all imaginable impedances as well as short-circuit and overcurrents.
  • this switch should also cover switching cases enumerated by the authorities responsible for the energy industry in examination regulations.
  • Such regulations include, for example, the switching of capacitive currents, such as those occurring when charging or discharging a capacitor bank.
  • switching surges generated by flashbacks may occur in such switching operations, which may possibly lead to failure of a component or even the entire medium-voltage network as lightning strikes.
  • a switch of the type mentioned is described in DE 198 46 435 A1 ,
  • This switch has a arranged in a vacuum chamber switching point and a vacuum-tight out of the chamber and guided along an axis displaceable rod.
  • This rod is part of a transmission, which generates a thrust movement generated by a drive of the switch on a Chamber-side end of the rod rigidly held arc electrode of the switching point transfers.
  • the object is to provide a circuit breaker of the type mentioned, which can turn off largely free of recirculation.
  • the two arc electrodes are mounted so as to be rotatable relative to one another about an axis.
  • the mutually facing, dielectrically particularly heavily loaded surfaces of both arc electrodes are therefore not only removed from each other along the axis when turned off, but at the same time also rotated away from each other.
  • any inhomogeneities which may be present at off-axis areas of the electrode surfaces and which are caused on switching on as a result of pre-ignition and subsequent melting, welding and break-up processes are therefore not only separated from one another in the axial direction but also transversely to the axis. Therefore, such inhomogeneities can no longer significantly reduce the dielectric strength of the switch after erasing the switching arc.
  • the rotation of the two arc electrodes relative to each other can be achieved by simple means in that a rod which holds one of these two electrodes rigidly rotatably mounted. If this rod part of a screw gear, the rotational movement can be easily synchronized with a required for separating or merging the arc electrodes thrust movement.
  • the rod has two axially spaced, cylindrical sections.
  • a thread of a fixedly held screw joint is formed in the chamber-side end of the rod facing first portion.
  • the drive-side end of the rod facing the second portion of the rod has a rotatable element of a drive axially displaceable rotary joint.
  • the thread of the screw joint is designed as a coarse thread.
  • the rotation angle is kept low at a large feed.
  • a bellows is held on the chamber housing, which is fixed vacuum-tight between the coarse thread and the chamber-side end of the rod.
  • the bellows is only rotated by a relatively small angle because of the steep thread and the bellows is loaded accordingly only with low torsional forces.
  • the bellows is advantageously designed in such a way and to choose the pitch of the helical thread so that a torque applied to the bellows during a switching operation does not exceed a recordable by the bellows allowable limit.
  • the number of wrinkles is chosen as large as possible to achieve a large angle of rotation with low torsional load, in any case greater than a switch according to the prior art.
  • reference numeral 10 designates a cathode electrode as the cathode and numeral 20 an arc electrode acting as an anode of a switching point loaded with an alternating voltage of, for example, 70 kV and 50 Hz.
  • the inhomogeneities 30 and 31 are impressed into the opposing electrode surfaces. These inhomogeneities can form when a capacitive current is switched on.
  • the switch is provided, for example, in a medium-voltage network for switching a capacitor battery, and the width of a separating gap 40 delimited by the two arc electrodes 10, 20 is reduced, then an arc can be pre-ignited in the separating gap.
  • the hereby briefly flowing, very large capacitive charging or discharging currents can melt the surfaces of the arc electrodes 10, 20.
  • the electrodes can then be welded, which, when the switch is opened, causes the welding points to tear apart to form the inhomogeneities 30, 31.
  • Each inhomogeneity 30, 31 generally consists of a localized, uneven surface area.
  • the inhomogeneity 31 has an uneven surface area produced by arc craters and metal splashes. These uneven, inhomogeneous areas of the electrode surfaces reduce the dielectric strength of the circuit breaker, so that, when switched off, breakdown of the dielectrically heavily loaded separating gap 40 may occur. Such a breakdown, when switched off in the form of flashbacks or short-duration fault discharges (NSDDs), may result in an undesirably high electrical load on the network or on one or more components of the network.
  • NDDs short-duration fault discharges
  • a strong electric field forms between the inhomogeneities 30, 31, in which an energy flow 50 flowing in the direction of the arrow prevails.
  • the energy flow is fed by thermal electrodes, which emerge at the arc electrode 10 connected as cathode, preferably in the region of inhomogeneity 30, into the separating gap 40 and are accelerated to the electrode 20 connected as anode.
  • the energy flow is heated
  • electron bombardment areas of the anode surface which are formed by the inhomogeneity 31. Since these areas are uneven and largely contain thermally insulated parts such as metal splashes and arc craters, only little heat can be extracted from these areas. It is now possible for thermal electrons to form in these regions and to enter the dielectric strongly loaded gap 40. This can lead to unwanted flashback at power off.
  • the two arc electrodes 10, 20 are arranged in a vacuum chamber 70.
  • the vacuum chamber has a housing formed by a tubular insulator 71 and two arranged on the two end faces of the insulator 71 metal plates 72, 73 housing.
  • the two arc electrodes 10, 20 are arranged on the axis 60, which corresponds to the tube axis of the insulator.
  • the electrodes 10 resp. 20 are respectively at the end of an electrically conductive rod 11, respectively. 12, which are aligned along the axis 60, attached.
  • the rod 21 carrying the arc electrode 20 is fixedly held on the plate 73. A vacuum-tight led out of the housing end of this rod 21 is connected to a power connector 22 of the switch.
  • the electric arc electrode 10 holding rod 11 is guided axially movable through an opening of the plate 72.
  • a projecting into the vacuum chamber 70 bellows 74 whose upper end is fixed to the rod 11 and whose lower end in the region of the edge of the opening to the plate 72, the vacuum tightness of the chamber 70 is ensured.
  • the guided from the vacuum chamber 70 end of the rod 11 is non-positively connected to an axially displaceable (in the direction of the apparent from Figure 3 double arrow) Part A of a drive.
  • the rod 11 is arranged so that it is rotatable about the axis 60 at a switching operation by a predetermined angle of at most 180 °. This is achieved in that the rod 11 is formed as a rotatable and displaceable part of a screw gear 80.
  • the rod 11 therefore has two axially spaced, cylindrical sections. In the chamber-side end of the rod 11 facing first portion, a thread 81 of a fixedly held screw joint 82 is formed. Since the thread must turn at most by 180 °, generally only by a few degrees, it is sufficient if the thread has at least one steep thread with a pitch angle of typically more than 60 °.
  • a rotatable element 83 of a rotary joint 84 which is axially displaceable by the drive is formed.
  • a fixed part 85 of the screw gear 80 cooperating with the thread 81 counter-thread 86 is formed in a fixed part 85 of the screw gear 80 cooperating with the thread 81 counter-thread 86 .
  • the part 85 forms a sliding bearing 88 of the screw drive 80 with a sliding body 87 held on the displaceable part A of the drive.
  • a sliding body and current transfer function annular body 12 which is generally a plain bearing and contains elastically deformable contact rings in the radial direction. This ring body establishes the current transition between a current terminal 13 of the switch connected to the fixed part 85 and the rod 11 and thus of the arc electrode 10.
  • the thread 81 of the screw joint 82 is obviously formed as a coarse thread. On the one hand, self-locking of the screw drive 80 is avoided, and on the other hand, the angle of rotation is limited during switching so as to keep torsional forces occurring on the bellows 74 low.
  • the bellows 74 is designed in such a way and the pitch of the helical thread is selected so that a torque applied to the bellows during a switching operation does not exceed a permissible limit value that can be absorbed by the bellows.
  • the number of folds with typically 10 to 20 folds is greater than in a switch according to the prior art is selected at a predetermined by the geometry of the switch ratio of length to diameter of the bellows.
  • An increase in the torsional strength of the bellows 74 can be achieved, for example, by axially aligned reinforcing elements formed from longitudinal ribs and / or fibers.

Landscapes

  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
EP05405516A 2005-09-02 2005-09-02 Disjoncteur à vide avec un contact mobile monté en rotation Withdrawn EP1760743A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05405516A EP1760743A1 (fr) 2005-09-02 2005-09-02 Disjoncteur à vide avec un contact mobile monté en rotation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05405516A EP1760743A1 (fr) 2005-09-02 2005-09-02 Disjoncteur à vide avec un contact mobile monté en rotation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1760743A1 true EP1760743A1 (fr) 2007-03-07

Family

ID=35871252

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05405516A Withdrawn EP1760743A1 (fr) 2005-09-02 2005-09-02 Disjoncteur à vide avec un contact mobile monté en rotation

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1760743A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2073234A1 (fr) 2007-12-20 2009-06-24 ABB Technology AG Interrupteur de vide
WO2014108558A1 (fr) * 2013-01-14 2014-07-17 Alstom Technology Ltd Sectionneur a contact d'arc rotatif
FR3003078A1 (fr) * 2013-03-07 2014-09-12 Alstom Technology Ltd Disjoncteur ht avec dispositif de regeneration des contacts electriques en bout
CN108594152A (zh) * 2018-07-19 2018-09-28 北京丹华正齐电力技术有限公司 一种双向可控的弧光发生器

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE594282C (de) * 1934-03-14 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Vakuumschalter
US4983793A (en) * 1988-08-06 1991-01-08 Sachsenwerk Aktiengesellschaft Switch chamber for a vacuum switch
US5394128A (en) * 1991-03-28 1995-02-28 Kilovac Corporation DC vacuum relay device
DE19846435A1 (de) 1998-10-08 2000-04-13 Abb Patent Gmbh Kontaktanordnung für eine Vakuumkammer
US20030173336A1 (en) * 2000-08-28 2003-09-18 Thursesson Per Olof Circuit breaker

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE594282C (de) * 1934-03-14 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Vakuumschalter
US4983793A (en) * 1988-08-06 1991-01-08 Sachsenwerk Aktiengesellschaft Switch chamber for a vacuum switch
US5394128A (en) * 1991-03-28 1995-02-28 Kilovac Corporation DC vacuum relay device
DE19846435A1 (de) 1998-10-08 2000-04-13 Abb Patent Gmbh Kontaktanordnung für eine Vakuumkammer
US20030173336A1 (en) * 2000-08-28 2003-09-18 Thursesson Per Olof Circuit breaker

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2073234A1 (fr) 2007-12-20 2009-06-24 ABB Technology AG Interrupteur de vide
WO2014108558A1 (fr) * 2013-01-14 2014-07-17 Alstom Technology Ltd Sectionneur a contact d'arc rotatif
FR3001081A1 (fr) * 2013-01-14 2014-07-18 Alstom Technology Ltd Sectionneur a contact d'arc rotatif
CN104919557A (zh) * 2013-01-14 2015-09-16 阿尔斯通技术有限公司 具有旋转电弧触头的断路器
CN104919557B (zh) * 2013-01-14 2017-09-01 通用电气技术有限公司 具有旋转电弧触头的断路器
FR3003078A1 (fr) * 2013-03-07 2014-09-12 Alstom Technology Ltd Disjoncteur ht avec dispositif de regeneration des contacts electriques en bout
CN108594152A (zh) * 2018-07-19 2018-09-28 北京丹华正齐电力技术有限公司 一种双向可控的弧光发生器

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