EP1801250B1 - Migrationsarme Bauteile aus Kupferlegierung für Medien oder Trinkwasser führender Gewerke - Google Patents

Migrationsarme Bauteile aus Kupferlegierung für Medien oder Trinkwasser führender Gewerke Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1801250B1
EP1801250B1 EP05028153.4A EP05028153A EP1801250B1 EP 1801250 B1 EP1801250 B1 EP 1801250B1 EP 05028153 A EP05028153 A EP 05028153A EP 1801250 B1 EP1801250 B1 EP 1801250B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
use according
components
cold
drinking water
copper alloy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP05028153.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1801250A1 (de
Inventor
Winfried Reif
Dirk Opalla
Katrin Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Viega Technology GmbH and Co KG
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Viega Technology GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
Application filed by Viega Technology GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Viega Technology GmbH and Co KG
Priority to PL05028153T priority Critical patent/PL1801250T3/pl
Priority to ES05028153.4T priority patent/ES2651345T3/es
Priority to EP05028153.4A priority patent/EP1801250B1/de
Priority to US11/644,928 priority patent/US20070158004A1/en
Priority to JP2006345330A priority patent/JP5330645B2/ja
Publication of EP1801250A1 publication Critical patent/EP1801250A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1801250B1 publication Critical patent/EP1801250B1/de
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
    • B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
    • B21C23/08—Making wire, bars, tubes
    • B21C23/085—Making tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/08—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a use of a component for media or drinking water leading trades.
  • Metallic materials for the production of components for media or drinking water leading trades such as fittings, fittings, pipes, compression connectors, roof gutters or gutters are subject, especially if the trades are provided for the drinking water supply, special requirements.
  • the corrosion resistance of the metallic material should be mentioned here, since the components in contact with drinking water, for example, should not corrode even after many years of use.
  • the metals used should show a low migration tendency of metal ions into the medium, ie the amount of metal ions released to the medium should be very low.
  • health-endangering metal ions such as lead or nickel ions, are problematic.
  • the copper alloy used of the components should not only be easy and economical to cast, but the cast components should also be easily machined. Since the components are cast and then often machined mechanically machined, the components should in particular a good Have machinability. Furthermore, the manufactured components would have to withstand the usual mechanical stresses.
  • high-copper-containing non-ferrous metal alloys such as bronze or gunmetal
  • bronze or gunmetal are used today for producing the media-carrying components of, for example, gas or drinking water pipes.
  • main alloying components in addition to copper about 1.5 to 11 wt .-% tin and 1 to 9 wt .-% zinc.
  • lead and nickel may also be contained in a gunmetal alloy.
  • the gunmetal alloy CuSn5Zn5Pb5 contains between 4 to 6 wt .-% tin, zinc and lead at a nickel content of up to 2.0 wt .-% and a phosphorus content of up to 0.1 wt .-% , although this material is characterized by good castability and good corrosion resistance.
  • the problem is that lead and nickel ions are released from the gunmetal alloy by migration into the medium, in particular into the drinking water. It is therefore to be expected that in the future lower limit values for the release of metal ions, in particular lead and nickel, to the drinking water can no longer be met by the previously commonly used gunmetal alloys.
  • EP-1 045 041 are already lead-free components of media, especially drinking water, leading trades known which consist of a copper alloy with up to 79 wt .-% copper, 2 to 4 wt .-% silicon and the remainder zinc.
  • those from the mentioned European Patent application known components are in need of improvement in terms of their corrosion resistance.
  • the known components media leading trades consisting of a lead-free copper alloy and consisting of previously used gunmetal alloys also have the disadvantage that they are mechanically deformable only with great effort. For example, cold and / or hot forming are only very limited or not possible. Therefore, the components were usually cast and then machined to the final product mechanically. This results in relatively high costs for the production of corresponding components for media-leading trades, since on the one hand the yields are limited system-related in the casting process mostly used. On the other hand, the work steps used so far offer little potential for rationalization or automation.
  • German patent DE 103 08 778 B3 proposes a copper alloy which in addition to the main alloying constituents copper, zinc and silicon up to 2 wt .-% tin, 0.3 wt .-% iron, cobalt, nickel and manganese and up to 0.5 wt .-% silver, aluminum , Arsenic, antimony, magnesium, titanium and zirconium permits.
  • the present invention the object of the invention to propose the use of components for media or drinking water leading trades, which are more corrosion resistant, can be produced in a simple and economical manner and a low migration of metal ions in the medium, such as lead and nickel ions in the drinking water, exhibit.
  • the above-mentioned object is achieved according to a first teaching of the present invention by the use of a component made by a process in which a billet or a rod of a copper alloy is continuously cast, the copper alloy having the following alloy constituents in wt .-% : 2 % ⁇ Si ⁇ 4 . 5 % . 1 % ⁇ Zn ⁇ 17 % . 0 . 05 % ⁇ Mn ⁇ 2 % . unavoidable accompanying elements in total max. 0.5% by weight, preferably in total max. 0.3 wt .-%, balance copper and the billet or bar is subjected to at least one cold and / or hot forming for the production of the component.
  • the components according to the invention not only have particularly good migration values and high corrosion resistance to drinking water, but also possess the required mechanical properties for their use in media leading trades. Due to the hot and cold forming, the microstructure of the components according to the invention is much denser than that of the previously cast and subsequently machined components. This additionally results in an improvement of the migration behavior and the corrosion resistance.
  • the manufacturing cost of the components for media or drinking water leading trades can also be effectively reduced with the method according to the invention, since the previously used methods, namely the casting and subsequent, machining, such as milling, drilling or turning, due to low automation possibilities and the higher reject rates during casting are significantly more cost-intensive. It is also conceivable, of course, instead of continuous casting to use other possible casting methods for the production of the billet or rod, the continuous casting is considered at high volumes as the more economical casting process.
  • the silicon content of 2% by weight to 4.5% by weight of the copper alloy used according to the invention ensures an overall very good migration behavior, in particular of any lead and nickel impurities present in the copper alloy in the drinking water.
  • the Si content also affects the mechanical strength of the copper alloy. First, at an Si content of less than 2% by weight, the migration-inhibiting property of silicon is weakened. Although the strength of the copper alloy increases at silicon contents greater than 4.5% by weight, the ductility of the copper alloy is then too low, in particular with regard to the later mechanical formability.
  • the zinc content is limited to a maximum of 15 wt .-%.
  • a minimum content of 1% by weight of zinc guarantees a minimum of machinability of the components, as long as these have to be machined additionally.
  • a manganese content of at least 0.05% by weight improves the microstructure of the components according to the invention to a finer microstructure and positively influences the solidification behavior of the copper alloy during casting.
  • the upper limit of 2 wt .-% manganese also takes into account that manganese in the drinking water migrated and permissible limits are not exceeded.
  • the fine structure of the copper alloy of the components also causes an improved cold or hot workability of the cast ingots or bars.
  • grain refining materials of the copper alloy used to improve by a finer structure, the forming properties during the manufacture of the components or to reduce variations in mechanical properties of the manufactured components As grain refining material, for example, the addition of small amounts of boron, for example, 0.001 to 0.5 wt .-%, into consideration. However, other grain refining materials may be used to improve the microstructure.
  • the copper alloy used additionally has the following content of the alloying constituent zinc in% by weight: 5 % ⁇ Zn ⁇ 15 % ,
  • machinability decreases due to the reduction in the Zn content, but the formability of the components decreases with increasing Zn content, a good compromise between formability and machinability is achieved according to the invention with a Zn content of 5% by weight to 15% by weight achieved achieved components.
  • the components according to the invention can therefore not only be subjected to cold and / or hot forming, but also be machined.
  • a compromise between good strength and at the same time sufficient elongation values in combination with good migration values of the manufactured components is, according to a next embodiment, achieved in that the copper alloy for silicon has the following alloy content in wt .-%: 2 . 8th % ⁇ Si ⁇ 4 % ,
  • the alloying constituent Mn has the following fraction in% by weight: 0 . 2 % ⁇ Mn ⁇ 0 . 6 % ,
  • the migration of nickel and / or lead ions into the drinking water can be avoided by that the copper alloy used according to the invention contains no nickel and / or lead.
  • the corrosion resistance can be increased by the fact that the copper alloy used has a copper content of at least 80%.
  • a thick-walled tube or a solid rod is produced from the billet or bar using extrusion, semi-finished products for cold and / or hot forming can be provided in a simple manner.
  • the thick-walled tube is then cold drawn, so that dimensionally stable tubes can be made available with a few process steps by this simple method.
  • the tube produced in this way also has a higher structural density than, for example, cast and machined tubes, since cold forming, as well as hot forming, leads to significant densification of the structure and a reduction in the porosity of the continuously cast structure ,
  • the cold-drawn pipe is formed by hydroforming (hydroforming).
  • hydroforming hydroforming
  • the cold-drawn tube or the tube formed by the hydroforming process in at least one further forming step subjected to bending, expansion, reduction, rolling, thickening, crimping and / or further hydroforming steps with or without intermediate annealing between the individual forming steps even more complex components with threads, flanges, etc. can be produced in a simple manner.
  • thicker-walled components for media or drinking water-carrying industries are easily produced by at least hot-pressing or drop-forging the produced thick-walled tubes or solid rods in several steps.
  • hot pressing in contrast to drop forging, the component is hot-formed in one process step.
  • hot forging hot forging takes place in several individual process steps. Due to the good hot workability of the copper alloy used, in addition to the previous method, casting and subsequent machining, in addition, a significant increase in the yield of good parts in the production can be achieved.
  • the ingot is hot rolled and / or cold rolled after continuous casting for the production of sheets with or without intermediate annealing, and the sheets are subsequently subjected to at least one further cold or hot forming step.
  • hot and / or cold-rolled sheets can be used as starting materials for the production of fittings, fittings, pipes, press connectors, roof gutters or gutters, so that a considerable rationalization potential in the manufacture of the components is opened.
  • the continuous casting by other casting methods, For example, sand or chill casting, to replace a billet.
  • a longitudinally welded tube is produced from the hot and / or cold-rolled sheet, which can be used either as a component directly or as a semi-finished product for further forming steps.
  • the longitudinally welded pipe can be longitudinally welded with or without additional material and subjected to further mechanical forming processes, for example an IHU process, bending, expansion, reduction, rolling, thickening and / or crimping.
  • components according to the invention have a very low migration of the problematic nickel and lead ions into the drinking water. Furthermore, they can be produced efficiently and economically, so that the production costs are considerably reduced.
  • the components produced by the process according to the invention which have undergone at least one hot and / or cold forming step, due to the cold and / or hot forming a much denser structure with a lower porosity. This results in comparison to the conventionally produced by casting and subsequent chip removal components improved corrosion resistance and tightness of the components. Improved corrosion resistance simultaneously improves migration values.
  • Fig. 1 is shown in a diagram, the amount of discharged into the drinking water lead and its time course.
  • the measurement was carried out according to the DIN standard DIN 50931-1 over 26 weeks.
  • DIN standard specifies the test arrangement and test conditions, with the help of which the corrosion probability of materials for metallic components of a drinking water installation can be determined in the case of corrosion contamination by drinking water.
  • the components according to the invention used for the test were produced according to the invention from an extruded thick-walled tube by cold drawing.
  • Fig. 1 nor the limit value according to the German Drinking Water Ordinance (TrinkwV) represented by a dashed line and to be observed in the migration tests parameter value W (15) as a solid line.
  • the parameter value W (15) represents the measured value which must be observed in order to avoid exceeding the value of the TrinkwV when using the tested components.
  • This parameter value W (15) results from the product of the limit value of the Drinking Water Ordinance with the ratio of the form factors A and B.
  • the factor A results from the ratio of the water-contacted surface of the material to the surface of the water-contacting surface test track.
  • Form factor B is a scaling factor according to DIN 50 930-6, which takes into account the type of components.
  • the lead release quantity of the red brass components B falls from a very high value greater than 50 ⁇ g / l almost exponentially within the first four weeks of testing to a value which is just above the limit of the German drinking water regulation of 10 ⁇ g / l settles after 12 to 26 weeks of experimentation.
  • This marked excess of the permissible limit value is attributed to the fact that, at the beginning of the tests, lead that had been transferred to the surfaces of the tested pipelines migrated into the drinking water through processing. After the first few weeks, the near-surface lead has almost completely migrated into the drinking water and the amount of discharged lead remains approximately constant.
  • the component A according to the invention gives to the drinking water as good as no lead. Also, an increased value at the beginning of the experiments is unacceptable. Since the measured values are at the limit of the resolution of the measurement analysis, the measurement fluctuations are attributed to the measurement accuracy of the measuring apparatus. Essentially, however, the measured values remain well below the limit value of the PrincipalwV of 10 ⁇ g / l.
  • the time course of the nickel release quantities of conventional gunmetal components B shows a typical course.
  • the increase in nickel concentrations in drinking water can be due to the gunmetal components B so far not be explained exactly.
  • the increase is reproducible and exceeding the limit of about 20 ⁇ g / l of the German Drinking Water Ordinance, also shown as a dashed line, takes place reproducibly.
  • the nickel-free, inventive component A no significant nickel ions from the drinking water.
  • the measured value of about 2 ⁇ g / l is in the range of the resolution of the measuring instruments used for the analysis.
  • Fig. 3 the amount of copper released to the drinking water of the components A according to the invention and of the red brass components B is shown. Both components show an increase until the 18th week of testing. Thereafter, in both alloys, the measured amounts of copper discharged fall again.
  • the drinking water limit value for copper is 2000 ⁇ g / l.
  • the parameter value W (15) assigned to comply with the limit values of the drinking water supply is about 3000 ⁇ g / l. This limit value is likewise not exceeded by the conventional component B with a maximum value of 2600 ⁇ g / l, measured in the 18th week of the experiment, as in the component B according to the invention.
  • the maximum value is about 2100 ⁇ g / l and is thus about 20 % lower than the maximum value of the gunmetal alloy B.
  • the amount of copper released continues to decrease for both alloys.
  • the components according to the invention deliver about 500 ⁇ g / l or about 20-25% less copper ions to the drinking water than conventional components.
  • the component A according to the invention also differs significantly from the conventional gun component B in the migration of zinc. While the component A according to the invention emits a maximum of 100 ⁇ g / l zinc in the drinking water by migration, the zinc output of the conventional gun component B exceeds this Value in the maximum by more than 4 times.
  • the in Fig. 1 to 4 shown experimental measurements that the migration of unwanted ions into drinking water can be generally reduced by the components of the invention.
  • the very good results are attributed in this case to a combination of the migration-inhibiting property of the copper alloy used, but in particular also to the production method of the components leading to a denser microstructure according to the invention.
  • the low emission of lead ions and nickel ions to the drinking water ensures that the components according to the invention can also be used under tightened limit values with regard to the content of metal ions of the drinking water.
  • FIG. 5a to d Now typical embodiments of the components for media or drinking water leading trades, fittings, fittings and pipes are shown. So shows Fig. 5a a valve housing made of a copper alloy according to the invention, which was prepared for example from a continuously cast bar by extrusion of a thick-walled tube or a solid bar with subsequent hot pressing or drop forging. Due to the good formability of the alloy according to the invention, even with correspondingly complex components, such as those in Fig. 5a valve housing shown, good yields in the Production achieved. The continued good machinability of the components ensures that the components produced by the aforementioned method can be easily reworked.
  • a simple end cap 2 is shown, which was previously made mostly of pure copper due to the necessary thermoforming process.
  • the end cap 2 made of a copper alloy as the other components media leading trades can be produced, since the end cap 2 can be made from hot and / or cold-rolled sheets according to the invention by deep drawing.
  • an O-ring groove 3 can be introduced into the end cap 2.
  • Fig. 5c shows a perspective view of a bent pipe 4 with an overbend 5 and two-sided connection ends 6.
  • the illustrated tube 4 is made according to the invention made of a cold and / or hot-rolled sheet, longitudinally welded pipe or consisting of a cold drawn tube.
  • the overbend 5 is then produced by bending the tube 4.
  • the fittings 6 are preferably made prior to bending either by a simple upsetting and widening step or introduced into the tube 4 using an hydroforming process.
  • the T-piece 7 has at its two ends of the crossbar of the T's connecting pieces with O-ring grooves 3, which are produced either by a subsequent expansion process or already in the production of the T-piece 7 by hydroforming , As a rule, a cold-drawn tube is cut to length and, after a possible intermediate annealing in a tool, formed by hydroforming.
  • the thread 8 can be introduced, for example, by rolling.
  • the roof gutters or gutters are produced according to a next embodiment of the method according to the invention from hot and / or cold-rolled sheets consisting of the mentioned copper alloy by simple bending and / or flanging.
  • the components, fittings, fittings, pipes, press connectors, roof gutters or gutters made of a low-migration copper alloy can be produced particularly cost-effectively and therefore economically.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Domestic Plumbing Installations (AREA)
EP05028153.4A 2005-12-22 2005-12-22 Migrationsarme Bauteile aus Kupferlegierung für Medien oder Trinkwasser führender Gewerke Active EP1801250B1 (de)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL05028153T PL1801250T3 (pl) 2005-12-22 2005-12-22 Części konstrukcyjne ze stopu miedzi o niskiej migracji przeznaczone do instalacji mediów lub wody pitnej
ES05028153.4T ES2651345T3 (es) 2005-12-22 2005-12-22 Componentes constructivos de escasa migración hechos de una aleación de cobre para conductos que transportan fluidos o agua potable
EP05028153.4A EP1801250B1 (de) 2005-12-22 2005-12-22 Migrationsarme Bauteile aus Kupferlegierung für Medien oder Trinkwasser führender Gewerke
US11/644,928 US20070158004A1 (en) 2005-12-22 2006-12-21 Low-migration components, media- or drinking-water carrying works
JP2006345330A JP5330645B2 (ja) 2005-12-22 2006-12-22 飲料水運搬作業用部品及びその製造方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05028153.4A EP1801250B1 (de) 2005-12-22 2005-12-22 Migrationsarme Bauteile aus Kupferlegierung für Medien oder Trinkwasser führender Gewerke

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1801250A1 EP1801250A1 (de) 2007-06-27
EP1801250B1 true EP1801250B1 (de) 2017-11-08

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EP05028153.4A Active EP1801250B1 (de) 2005-12-22 2005-12-22 Migrationsarme Bauteile aus Kupferlegierung für Medien oder Trinkwasser führender Gewerke

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Country Link
US (1) US20070158004A1 (es)
EP (1) EP1801250B1 (es)
JP (1) JP5330645B2 (es)
ES (1) ES2651345T3 (es)
PL (1) PL1801250T3 (es)

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US20050205825A1 (en) * 2002-11-26 2005-09-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Housing flange unit
DK2366929T3 (da) 2010-03-19 2014-01-27 Nussbaum & Co Ag R Samlestykke
KR101169315B1 (ko) 2010-12-28 2012-07-30 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 용가재 합금 조성물 및 표면처리 강판의 아크 브레이징 방법
DE102012013817A1 (de) * 2012-07-12 2014-01-16 Wieland-Werke Ag Formteile aus korrosionsbeständigen Kupferlegierungen
CN103567253B (zh) * 2012-07-19 2015-09-02 常州市武进长虹结晶器有限公司 大直径铜管的制作工艺
CN103667780A (zh) * 2013-12-03 2014-03-26 江苏帕齐尼铜业有限公司 一种铜锌合金及其制备方法
DE102018004702A1 (de) 2018-06-12 2019-12-12 Gebr. Kemper Gmbh + Co. Kg Metallwerke Formteile aus einer korrosionsbeständigen und zerspanbaren Kupferlegierung
CN110983100A (zh) * 2019-12-30 2020-04-10 山东凯德菲节能技术股份有限公司 一种合金材料、制备及其带有合金材料的水介质装置
GB2614752B (en) 2022-01-18 2024-07-31 Conex Ipr Ltd Components for drinking water pipes, and method for manufacturing same

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EP1801250A1 (de) 2007-06-27
JP5330645B2 (ja) 2013-10-30
US20070158004A1 (en) 2007-07-12
ES2651345T3 (es) 2018-01-25
PL1801250T3 (pl) 2018-02-28
JP2007169790A (ja) 2007-07-05

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