Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
  • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
  • B03C3/16—Plant or installations having external electricity supply wet type
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
  • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
  • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
  • B03C3/14—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by the additional use of mechanical effects, e.g. gravity
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
  • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
  • B03C3/36—Controlling flow of gases or vapour
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
  • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
  • B03C3/88—Cleaning-out collected particles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
  • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
  • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
  • B03C3/12—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by separation of ionising and collecting stations

Definitions

• the invention relates to the construction principle of an exhaust gas purification system and a method for cleaning an exhaust gas so.
• the electrostatic precipitator is one of the most effective device / assembly of a Abgasthesesanla ⁇ ge for the fine particle separation (see, for example, DE 101 32 582).
• An emission control system usually forms a built-in section in a flow channel for Gasbowung. It consists of the following subassemblies which follow each other in the flow direction: a zone for the ionisation of the particles / aerosols entrained in the gas, the ionizer zone, followed by a connecting or transition zone, again followed by a collector zone for the separation of the electrically neutralized particles / aerosols therein and finally, a sprinkler that sprays the collector with a spooling fluid.
• Electrostatic precipitation is a physical process by which particles are electrically charged and subsequently separated / separated from the gas under the action of an external electric field.
• the electric field generates a corona discharge in order to charge the particles and attract them toward the wall in order to finally remove them from there.
• the particles are generally charged and deposited in two spatially distinct external electric fields.
• a method and devices have been designed in order to ensure the effective separation of particles, to reduce the purchase costs and operating costs of the electrostatic precipitator, and to simplify the process. simplify the design (see DE 102 44 051).
• the particles are charged by a corona discharge and then removed in an external, feld ⁇ free collector.
• the separator includes the Ladeeinrich ⁇ device, the Gehausean gleiches and the separator.
• the charging device consists of a grounded nozzle plate and high-voltage needle electrodes, which are positioned centrally in the nozzles. The particles are charged in the DC corona discharge.
• the separator consists for example of a grounded Rohbundelkollektor.
• the method and the separator differ from the conventional two-stage electrostatic precipitator by the absence of the separate depositing electric field in the collecting zone, which makes it possible to make the separator compact.
• the procedure consists of the following steps:
• Particulate-laden gas flows through the inlet of the exhaust gas purifier for purification, the exhaust gas enters the nozzles present in the electrically grounded plate. This plate is perpendicular to the flow axis.
• the exhaust gas flows through the ionizer, where the particles are electrically charged in the corona discharge.
• the ionizer sits between the high voltage electrodes and the inner surface of the grounded nozzles.
• the high voltage electrodes sit aligned on a high voltage grid, which is installed downstream of the Dusenplatte electrically insulated at the plant housing. Thereafter, the gas with the electrically charged particles passes through the connection region of the system, which connects the ionizer and the separation zone, in order finally to pass through the outlet of the system in the connected gas channel.
• the gas flows in the same direction through the charging unit / zone, the connecting piece and the separating zone.
• the exhaust gas to be purified flows in the direction of gravity, in the exhaust gas purification plant described in DE 102 44 051 C1 against gravity.
• the method and the exhaust gas purification systems effectively purify the gas flowing through, there are some problems.
• the charged particles in the tube bundle collector are separated by formation of a liquid flow. At higher aerosol concentration, the film flows on the surface of the tubes in the direction of gravity. When leaving the tubes, droplets form, which are again in the actually purified gas stream. This reduces the degree of separation of the system.
• the object of the invention is to provide an exhaust-gas purification system and to be able to operate it in a long-term manner such that its predetermined degree of separation does not change, or at best does not change appreciably.
• the exhaust gas purification system as a section in a flow passage for Gasschreibung has the shape of an upright U's. In one Schen ⁇ angle is the zone for ionization of mitgeschreibten in the gas - A -
• Particles / aerosols the electrostatic charging zone or shortly the Ioni ⁇ sator housed.
• the transition from one leg to the other, the connecting zone forms the collecting basin / vessel for the particles precipitated from the gas stream and precipitated by the collector.
• At its lowest point is at least one spout for discharging the particulate-enriched liquid.
• High lying spouts may be further attached to the sump if there is a need for it.
• the collector zone In the second leg sits the collector zone in which the particles are separated from the gas stream and electrically neutralized to be derived with Spulhnemaschine down / - swamped.
• the collector zone consists of at least one collector or of a plurality of successive i collectors in the direction of flow, wherein a collector consists of a tube bundle group of at least one tube bundle.
• Decisive is the introduction of the particle-laden gas to be purified in the gravitational direction from top to bottom into the leg of the system in which the ionizer is located. Via a corona discharge, the particles are electrically charged during the passage. The polarity is selectable, but is often negatively charged.
• the ionizer consists of the nozzle plate lying on a defined electrical reference potential, usually ground potential, and the high-voltage grid, usually at a negative potential with mounted and aligned electrodes. Important for the intended ionization is that the electrodes protrude with their free ends from below into the respective associated nozzle (claim 2).
• the reference potential is simply ground potential.
• the exhaust gas emerging from the ionizer and now charged with charged particles is introduced into the connection zone, in which the exhaust gas is deflected on the one hand and, when it leaves the gravitation, flows vertically upwards from below into the second leg.
• the dripping part of the still electrically charged particles / aerosols in the connection zone is collected by the collecting basin.
• the exhaust gas is, as already mentioned, flows through in the collector for cleaning, or for separating the particles against gravity from bottom to top.
• the particles / aerosols are deposited, at least largely, on the walls of the collector, where they are electrically neutralized and, by means of a liquid spray sprayed onto the collector, at least from above, against the gas flow as liquid particles displaced in the direction of gravity drain and into the connection zone, the reservoir, drain.
• the collector consists of at least one tube bundle, which stands on a grid, which is also connected to electrical reference potential (claim 3). Of course, these gratings can be sprayed from below, if such a measure is useful.
• the overflow of the collector from above is standard.
• the gas thus processed leaves the collector free of particles and now flows as clean gas in the connected flow channel.
• the aim of effectively cleaning an exhaust gas of fine, mainly submicron, solid or liquid particles is achieved with the exhaust gas purification system and the method operated therewith.
• the exhaust gas cleaning system is characterized by its construction in the form of an upright U s. With it, the cleaning process can be carried out in a highly effective and long-term stable manner, because the exhaust gas guide avoids the formation of droplets at the free electrode ends in the nozzles and therefore the ionization of the particles in the corona discharge between the free end of the electrode and the inner wall of the nozzle is always as intended, ie stable, Expires.
• the effectiveness of the particle / aerosol separation is therefore complete, at least almost complete.
• the system as a component of the ducting of the ducting is compact and technically robust. Thanks to the three or four spray units, it is clear, easy to install and easy to maintain.
• the flow direction of the exhaust gas in the ionization zone is opposite to the m of the collector zone.
• the building materials of the exhaust gas purification system are selected based on the process to be performed. Whether dielectrically or electrically conductive depends on the nature of the exhaust gas and the entrained particles. The electrical and conditions must be able to be adjusted and the cleaning process can be carried out for a long time without Korrosionserschei ⁇ voltages in the system interior.
• the cleaning system can be adapted to purify exhaust gases in the form of ambient air, flue gases, wet gas, dry gas and hot gas.
• the particles entrained in the exhaust stream, whether liquid or solid, need only be ionized, i. be electrically charged.
• Particularly suitable is such an emission control system for the Abschei ⁇ of submicron in the diameter range D ⁇ 1 micron, which are otherwise difficult to deposit.
• FIG. 1 shows the system diagram
• FIG. 2 enlarges the ionization zone.
• the exhaust gas to be purified enters the inlet from above
• the particles / aerosols are ionized by corona discharge with a predetermined polarity - usually negatively charged.
• FIG. 2 shows the ionizer 10 in sections.
• An electrode tip 5 projects into each of them. All electrode tips are mounted aligned on the high-voltage grid 6.
• the high-voltage grid 6 itself is mounted electrically insulated from the housing of the system, the high-voltage grid 6 is connected to the high-voltage potential generated in a mains unit via a feed-through in the housing wall (see, for example, DE 101 32 528 C1 or DE 102 44 051 C1).
• the high-voltage potential is generally adjustable on the power supply and its polarity depends on the process to be run.
• the connecting piece 7 serves as a catch for precipitating particles from the gas flow and for the running in the collector 8, loaded with particles / aerosols Flusstechniksfilm.
• the exhaust gas with the electrically charged particles enters the earthed collector 8. As it flows upward, the electrically charged particles are attracted to the tube walls, which act on the ground potential due to the electrical connection of the collector 8, and are deposited thereon. In this case, the electrical charge is removed and thereby electrically neutralizes the particles.
• the collector 8 is usually sprayed from above for spooling (not shown in FIG. 1), so that the particles deposited on the collector walls are washed downwards and collected in the connecting zone 7 built up to the receiving trough 7 and discharged via a pipe connection.
• the now purified exhaust gas flows upward, exits at the leg exit 9 from the exhaust gas purification system 1 and into the cultivated, continuing flow channel or is immediately released to the environment.
• the effectiveness of the exhaust gas purification system 1 and of the method was tested experimentally on a pilot plant.
• the pilot plant contained a nozzle plate with 61 nozzles and a tube bundle collector. It was operated with 9.5-10.5 kV DC voltage for the corona discharge.
• the corona current was between 4.5 and 5.5 mA.
• the ionizer had a hollow cylindrical housing, as well as the collector.
• the mass concentration of the particles in the exhaust gas was 70-110 mg / Nm 3 .

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• Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
• Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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ID=34745506

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

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Family Cites Families (13)

• 2004
  • 2004-07-31 DE DE102004037286A patent/DE102004037286B3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2005
  • 2005-05-06 AT AT05738473T patent/ATE483523T1/de active
  • 2005-05-06 WO PCT/EP2005/004939 patent/WO2006012929A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2005-05-06 US US11/659,001 patent/US20080302241A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2005-05-06 EP EP05738473A patent/EP1771254B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
  • 2005-05-06 DE DE502005010346T patent/DE502005010346D1/de active Active
  • 2005-05-06 JP JP2007522922A patent/JP2008508085A/ja not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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