EP1746365A2 - Elément de refroidissement à sorption avec une feuille étanche aux gaz - Google Patents

Elément de refroidissement à sorption avec une feuille étanche aux gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1746365A2
EP1746365A2 EP20060001786 EP06001786A EP1746365A2 EP 1746365 A2 EP1746365 A2 EP 1746365A2 EP 20060001786 EP20060001786 EP 20060001786 EP 06001786 A EP06001786 A EP 06001786A EP 1746365 A2 EP1746365 A2 EP 1746365A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sorbent
bag
cooling element
element according
evaporator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20060001786
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Dr. Maier-Laxhuber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zeo Tech Zeolith Technologie GmbH
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Zeo Tech Zeolith Technologie GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102005034297A external-priority patent/DE102005034297A1/de
Application filed by Zeo Tech Zeolith Technologie GmbH filed Critical Zeo Tech Zeolith Technologie GmbH
Publication of EP1746365A2 publication Critical patent/EP1746365A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B17/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type
    • F25B17/08—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type the absorbent or adsorbent being a solid, e.g. salt
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D5/00—Devices using endothermic chemical reactions, e.g. using frigorific mixtures
    • F25D5/02—Devices using endothermic chemical reactions, e.g. using frigorific mixtures portable, i.e. adapted to be carried personally
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2331/00—Details or arrangements of other cooling or freezing apparatus not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2331/80—Type of cooled receptacles
    • F25D2331/803—Bottles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2331/00—Details or arrangements of other cooling or freezing apparatus not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2331/80—Type of cooled receptacles
    • F25D2331/805—Cans

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sorption cooling element for cooling with a gas-tight film in which is produced by evaporation of a working fluid and subsequent sorption of the working medium vapor in a sorbent under vacuum cold and method for producing and starting these cooling elements.
  • a sorption d are apparatuses in which a solid adsorbent, a second, boiling at lower temperatures means the working fluid, as vapor while releasing heat sorbed (sorption phase).
  • the working fluid evaporates in an evaporator while absorbing heat. After the sorbent is saturated, it can be desorbed by supplying heat at a higher temperature (desorption phase). During this process, working fluid evaporates from the adsorbent. The working fluid vapor can be reliquefied and then re-vaporized, etc.
  • a sorption b are apparatuses in which a liquid absorbent is employed. The generic term sorption both A and A d sorption b sorption systems are classified.
  • Adsorption apparatus for cooling with solid sorbents are from EP 0 368 111 and the DE-OS 34 25 419 known. Sorbent container, filled with sorbents, thereby absorb working agent vapor, which is produced in an evaporator, and sorb it under heat release. This Sorptions maybenne must be removed from the sorbent.
  • the chillers can be used to cool and keep food warm in thermally insulated boxes.
  • the WO 01/10738 A1 describes a self-cooling beverage can with an evaporator inside and a sorber outside the can.
  • the cooling is started by opening a steam channel between evaporator and sorber.
  • the cold generated in the evaporator is discharged through the surfaces of the drink to be cooled within the can.
  • the heat generated in the sorbent is stored in a heat buffer.
  • the self-cooling beverage can is heavily modified over an ordinary can and expensive to manufacture.
  • the US 6,474,100 B1 finally describes a self-cooling cooling element the outside of a bag for liquids or bulk materials.
  • the sorbent is enclosed in a flexible, multi-layered film.
  • the contact with the hot sorption filling is reduced to a minimum by insulation and flow materials as well as by heat storage masses lying between them.
  • the temperature compensation between the hot sorber filling and the cold evaporator, which are opposed over a large area, must be reduced by an elaborate insulation.
  • the object of the invention are inexpensive sorption cooling elements for cooling, as well as processes for their preparation.
  • Sorbents can reach temperatures of over 100 ° C during the sorption process.
  • the multi-layer films used in the packaging sector are not suitable.
  • the polyethylene layers used for the sealing soften even at 80 ° C and leave the sheath to leak under vacuum.
  • a welding layer of polypropylene can withstand much higher temperatures. Its melting point is above 150 ° C.
  • sharp edges, corners and tips of sorbent granules create impermissible leaks. This risk is counteracted by at least one polyester layer within the multilayer film according to the invention. Polyester films are particularly tear and puncture resistant. The actual gas barrier is ensured by a layer of a thin metal foil or a metallized layer.
  • Thin aluminum foils with a layer thickness of approx. 8 ⁇ m have proven to be suitable for this purpose. Less dense are metallized plastic films. Nevertheless, with short storage periods, the use of these metallized films is possible, especially since they are cheaper to produce compared to the metal foils.
  • the individual layers of a multilayer film are connected to one another by means of adhesive layers. Commercially available adhesives contain solvents which are not completely removed from the adhesive layer during bonding. Over longer periods of time, these solvents then diffuse through the internal layers, particularly the polyethylene layer, and affect the vacuum within the cooling element. The diffusion is enhanced at higher temperatures, such as occur in the sorption and manufacturing process of the cooling elements. The adhesive used must therefore also be designed for high temperatures.
  • multi-layer films having a polyester layer thickness of 12 to 50 microns, an aluminum layer thickness of 6 to 12 microns and a polypropylene layer thickness from 50 to 100 microns for use. Use find such films z.
  • a polyester layer thickness of 12 to 50 microns an aluminum layer thickness of 6 to 12 microns and a polypropylene layer thickness from 50 to 100 microns for use. Use find such films z.
  • the sorbent used is advantageously zeolite. In its regular crystal structure, this can reversibly absorb up to 36% by mass of water. In the application according to the invention, the technically feasible water absorption is 20 to 25%. Zeolites still have a considerable water vapor sorption capacity even at relatively high temperatures (above 100 ° C.) and are therefore particularly suitable for the use according to the invention.
  • Zeolite is a crystalline mineral that contains silicon and aluminum oxides in a framework structure contains. This very regular framework structure contains cavities in which water molecules can be sorbed by releasing heat. Within the framework structure, the water molecules are exposed to strong field forces whose strength depends on the amount of water already contained in the framework structure and the temperature of the zeolite. Naturally occurring natural zeolite types absorb significantly less water.
  • Natural zeolites have another advantage.
  • the non-active admixtures are typically 10 to 30%. They are not actively involved in refrigeration, but they are heated by the neighboring zeolite crystals. They thus act as an additionally installed, inexpensive heat buffer. The result is that the zeolite filling is less hot and thus can sorb additional water vapor at lower temperatures.
  • Natural zeolite granules consist of broken or crushed fragments and therefore have sharp and pointed geometric shapes that can puncture or cut through the envelope under vacuum and elevated temperatures.
  • zeolites contain, depending on occurrence and degradation processes admixtures that give off in a vacuum and especially at higher temperatures gaseous components that adversely affect the cooling process.
  • This problem of gas release is solved by heating natural zeolites to at least the later sorbent temperature before production of the cooling element and placing them under vacuum.
  • zeolites can release their interfering constituents according to the invention.
  • This thermal treatment is particularly efficient if at the same time the presorbed water can be evaporated off.
  • gas-tight multilayer films having an inner polypropylene layer and at least one polyester layer are used according to the invention.
  • zeolites Among the approximately 30 different natural zeolites, the following are to be used advantageously for the cooling elements according to the invention: clinoptilolites, chabazites, mordenites and phillipsites.
  • Natural zeolites can after their use in cooling elements z. B. be used as soil conditioner, as a liquid binder or to improve the quality of water in stagnant water.
  • the amount of sorbent is to be dimensioned and arranged so that only a minimal pressure drop within the sorbent must be overcome for the incoming water vapor.
  • the pressure drop should be less than 5 mbar, in particular for water as working fluid.
  • the sorbent must provide the inflowing agent vapor sufficient surface for attachment.
  • particularly sorbent granules have been proven. Granule diameters between 3 and 10 mm show the best results.
  • preformed stable, dimensionally stable zeolite blocks into which the flow channels can already be incorporated and whose shape is adapted to the desired cooling element geometry, are also advantageous.
  • the stable zeolite blocks may have cavities in the region of the later steam opening, which can facilitate the cutting of the film by means of a cutting tool and can pick up the separated film piece, so as not to obstruct the flow through the steam channel.
  • the sorption heat releases heat of sorption that heats the sorbent.
  • the absorption capacity for water decreases sharply at higher sorbent temperatures. In order to maintain a high cooling capacity over a longer period, it makes sense to cool the sorbent.
  • In direct contact of the sorbent with the multi-layer film resulting heat of sorption can be dissipated unhindered through the film to the outside. As a rule, the heat will be dissipated to the surrounding air. It is also very efficient to cool the sorption container by means of liquids, in particular with water.
  • the heat transfer to an air flow from the outside of the sorbent bag is of the same order of magnitude as the heat transfer of a sorbent granulate to the inside of the bag, in principle large film surfaces without ribbing, such as cylinder, plate or tube geometries, are recommended.
  • the sorption containers are to be designed so that the average heat conduction within the sorbent does not exceed 5 cm.
  • cooling elements In principle, these different applications can be met with cooling elements according to the invention. All applications are characterized in that a cooling element is stored for an indefinite period of time at any temperatures. At the start time of the cooling effect, the shut-off device is actuated. From this point on, working agent vapor can flow to the sorbent and be deposited by it. The sorbent gets hot because it liquefies and adsorbs the vapor within its crystal structure. The evaporator cools down and can be used as a source of cold. In the case of rapid cooling tasks (eg cooling of a liquid), the period of time will generally be insufficient to cool the sorbent appreciably.
  • rapid cooling tasks eg cooling of a liquid
  • the working fluid vapor capacity will therefore be limited because of the hot sorbent temperatures unless admixtures act as heat buffers.
  • the sorbent will be able to give off heat through the multi-layer film and, depending on the application, this heat can also be transferred to a product to be kept warm at a higher temperature level.
  • isolation materials are provided or according to the invention to ensure a sufficient spatial separation of the two components.
  • Particularly inexpensive cooling elements can be achieved even if the evaporator is sealed in a gas-tight film. Under vacuum, the flow channels to the sorbent must be maintained.
  • spacers are provided according to the invention, which allow the working medium vapor flow freely from the liquid working fluid and at the same time contact the cold surfaces with good thermal conductivity of the film.
  • this plastic flexible spacers can be used, which are adapted to the particular cooling task.
  • the prerequisite is that the plastic spacers do not outgas during storage and worsen the vacuum. It is advantageous if polycarbonate or polypropylene are used as plastic, since these materials can be heated to higher temperatures before and during the manufacturing process and thereby degassed.
  • the sorbent enveloping multi-layer film can be pierced. Suitable for this purpose are sharp-edged cutting tools, which strike a sufficiently large hole in the film.
  • the cutting tool can act on the film both from the sorbent side and from the evaporator side. Since the films according to the invention are flexible, the cutting tool according to the invention is actuated by a deformation exerted externally on the films. This shut-off devices can be designed inexpensively and operated gas-tight.
  • the cutting tool must be sufficiently sharp to cut through the film in the necessary cross-section.
  • Suitable z. B cylindrically shaped expanded metals or sharp-edged molded parts made of plastic, which also additionally squeeze the sorbent located behind the film, or can move to cut through the film safely.
  • a film bag with the corresponding amount of working fluid and a connecting channel can additionally be molded onto the evaporator film.
  • the channel provided between the sorbent and the liquid working medium can be sealed according to the invention by bending the film in this area one or more times, so that the polypropylene layers are pressed against each other. Together with the externally applied air pressure, this measure results in a sufficient seal between working fluid bag and the evaporator.
  • the kinked channel thus forms a closed fluid valve. To open only the film in the channel area must be folded back into its original shape and optionally pressed by pressure on the working fluid bag, the working fluid in the evaporator.
  • a further advantageous embodiment is obtained when a separate bag with liquid working fluid is inserted within the evaporator.
  • By external pressure on the evaporator shell of the working fluid bag can be made to burst and the liquid working fluid z.
  • the evaporator may be disposed within the sorbent bag together with the sorbent. Only when the liquid valve opens the access of the working fluid in the evaporator, it can evaporate from there and continue to flow vapor to the sorbent.
  • the advantage of this shut-off device is that only a relatively small opening cross section for liquid working fluid is required.
  • the working medium must be able to homogeneously wet the evaporator sufficiently quickly without being entrained in liquid form in the sorber or even freezing on leaving the opening and thus blocking the further inflow.
  • a homogeneous distribution of the working fluid can also be achieved by a separate, finely branched channel structure, which distributes the working fluid homogeneously after passing through the shut-off device, before it could be entrained liquid by the steam flow.
  • An inexpensive distribution can be achieved by a layer of finely delineated foil, which is arranged around the outlet opening.
  • the working fluid in the evaporator can be present in unbound form. Usually it is distributed in an absorbent fleece and fixed by hygroscopic forces. Particularly low-priced materials are absorbent papers, as they are used in a great variety for household and industry for the absorption of liquids.
  • the water-spanning nonwovens like the spacers made of plastic or natural zeolite, must not outgas under vacuum and higher temperatures.
  • Commercially available microfibers made of polypropylene are particularly suitable for this purpose. These fibers are made to absorb water and do not release the vacuum interfering gases.
  • Another solution opens the fixation of the working fluid in organic binders such.
  • Also advantageous may be the combination of several measures mentioned above.
  • the outer surface of the liquid container is pressed onto the evaporator surface of the cooling element. This is done very efficiently if the liquid container is arranged directly inside the evaporator film. Due to the negative pressure between the multilayer film and the liquid container, the spacer can press the nonwoven fabric onto the container surface with a high pressing force and use a large part of the sometimes highly structured surface of the container for heat exchange.
  • the container material itself does not emit gas and any existing closure for later pouring the beverage is sufficiently tight. If this can not be guaranteed or the outer side of the container is covered with gassing labels, the liquid container is first itself sealed in a gas-tight enveloping film under vacuum. This gas-tight packaging then allows a direct arrangement within the evaporator shell.
  • the wrapping film for the liquid container need not withstand higher temperatures than the multi-layer film that surrounds the sorbent. For this purpose suffice z. As thin, metallized films with a more easily processed polyethylene layer.
  • Another solution according to the invention is to keep the evaporator structure flexible and to press the cold surface of the evaporator shell by means of separate, elastic pressing means surface on the outer surface of the liquid container.
  • elastic pressing means are stretch or shrink films or rubber bands.
  • the steam channel is formed and stabilized by several layers of a plastic network. There remains enough cross section for the flow between the network structure.
  • polypropylene nets higher temperatures can be allowed without gas release. Due to the flexible structure of the nets, they also adapt optimally to the respective geometries.
  • liquid container all known and common vessels such as bottles, cans, bags, jugs, cardboard packaging, etc. understood that serve to hold liquids such as drinks, medicines but also chemical products.
  • the liquid container may also contain solid or free-flowing products. Basically, the liquid container needs not be changed compared to its usual form and features. Thus, all previously used manufacturing and filling devices can be used unchanged.
  • the evaporator can take any shape and be made of any materials. Technically, it is necessary that during the cooling process, a sufficiently large opening for the escape of water vapor in the sorbent is formed or remains, working fluid remains in the liquid state at the point to be cooled, entrainment of liquid components is prevented and a good thermal connection to the cooling object persists.
  • cooling elements in the form of trays for food transport with adjacent hot and cold shelves. These can be advantageously formed into shells into which the food can be filled directly. Also advantageous are cooling elements, in which the hot and the cold side face each other. These can be optimally used for separating hot and cold areas in cool boxes or insulated transport packaging. Between hot and cold zone, in these cases, an insulating spacer material can be inserted, which can also be arranged within the multi-layer film in an advantageous manner. The arrangement in a vacuum also very efficiently reduces heat conduction.
  • a sorbent bag open on one side is produced by thermal welding, for example, from a multilayer film.
  • the sorbent bag is filled with sorbent, which is low in work equipment and without later releasing gases filled to less than 15 mbar, in particular less than 5 mbar, evacuated and sealed gas-tight.
  • the vacuum sorbent bag is packed together with a shut-off device, a spacer and an evaporator fleece, which is impregnated with working fluid, in another envelope bag made of multilayer film.
  • the envelope bag is then evacuated in a vacuum chamber to the vapor pressure of the working fluid and then also sealed gas-tight.
  • the sealing of the film bag is usually carried out thermally by pressing hot sealing bars on the outer surfaces of the film until the internally superimposed polypropylene layers are soft and welded together.
  • the welding process is usually carried out within a vacuum chamber under vacuum. But it is also known to evacuate the bag only inside by means of a suction device and then to weld. In addition to the thermal contact process, welding processes have also proved their worth with ultrasound.
  • a cooling element can already be added to the liquid container to be cooled later. This can, in order to keep disturbing gases from the cooling element away, be welded into an evacuated bag before being introduced into the enveloping bag itself. To ensure that during the storage time and also during the running at higher temperatures no cooling, the vacuum disturbing gases, all vacuum components should be heated during the evacuation process to at least 80 ° C or previously degassed at even higher temperatures be.
  • the sorbent bag 1 according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 in a perspective and sectional illustration consists of a multi-layer film 2 which is thermally sealed at the edge of the bag 3.
  • the evacuated interior contains the desorbed sorbent 4, which contains a broken, natural zeolite granulate.
  • the pre-sealed to a bag multi-layer film 2 was filled with a heated in a convection oven at 140 to 200 ° C granules and then evacuated in a vacuum chamber to a pressure of less than 5 mbar. Both gases and water vapor were pumped out of the zeolite crystal structure.
  • the sorbent bag 1 was sealed gas-tight by means of welding tongs and the vacuum chamber was re-aerated.
  • the sorbent bag 1 By dipping in a water bath, the sorbent bag 1 was cooled. To On cooling, the water vapor pressure within the bag is below 1 mbar absolute. Residual gases are not measurable and are not subsequently outgassed from the multi-layer film, since these too were heated to over 100 ° C during filling of the hot granular bed and released any gases. Heating during the subsequent sorption process to a similar temperature level will therefore release no further interfering gases.
  • the multi-layer film 2 It consists of an enlarged sectional view of the multi-layer film 2. It consists of the inside to the outside of a 80 micron thick polypropylene layer 5 on which by means of adhesive 6 8 microns thick aluminum layer 7 is adhered. A second adhesive layer 8 fixes a durable 30 micron thick polyester layer 9.
  • the selection of layers and adhesives takes place from the viewpoint that the layers release under vacuum and at temperatures above 100 ° C no disturbing gases, the welds are not fragile and the sharp-edged, Zeolite-containing sorbent 4 can not pierce the film.
  • a further polyester layer can also be adhesively bonded between the polypropylene layer 5 and the aluminum layer 7.
  • Fig. 2 shows a perspective and sectional view of an evaporator.
  • This consists of a spacer 11, which is made of a flexible, extruded Polycarbonatform Georgia and on the smooth outer side 12 a multilayer film 13 rests and on the structured inner side 14 flow channels 15 are kept free for the working medium vapor.
  • a fibrous web 17 is inserted, which is impregnated with liquid working fluid.
  • the web 17 contains microfibers made of polypropylene.
  • the two multilayer films 16 and 13 are thermally welded together at the seam 10 with a sealing seam width of at least 5 mm.
  • a further embodiment of a spacer 18 is shown. This is made of a 1 mm thick polypropylene plate 21, in which by means of a deep drawing spacer studs 19 were drawn, which space a nonwoven 20 so that water vapor which evaporates from the nonwoven 20, unhindered in the channel space between nonwoven 20 and polypropylene plate 21 can flow.
  • FIGS. 4 and 4a to 4d show a cooling element which contains a beverage can 24 with 0.5 l content at the top and a sorbent bag 22 with 400 g natural clinoptilolite at the bottom.
  • Beverage can 24 and sorbent bag 22 have been sealed in a pouch 23 under vacuum.
  • the wrapping bag 23 is made of a piece of multi-layer film, which was simply folded and welded to the lower transverse seam 26 and the longitudinal seam 27. After introducing the sorbent bag 22, a piercing tool 25 and provided with an evaporator 29 beverage can 24, the envelope bag 23 was set in a vacuum chamber to a pressure below the vapor pressure of the working fluid and then welded at the upper edge 28.
  • the piercing tool 25 does not penetrate the film of the sorbent bag 22 in the piercing region 30 when the vacuum bag is flooded.
  • the spacers 31 prevent the puncturing tool 25 from severing the sorbent bag 22 despite negative pressure.
  • the opening of the flow channel takes place only after removal of the adhesive strips 32, the spacers 31 are removed and thus the piercing tool 25, as shown in Fig. 4d, has penetrated into the sorbent bag 22 and punched out the lancing portion 30.
  • the piercing tool 25 consists of a small piece of expanded metal, which is formed into a cylinder.
  • the structure of the evaporator 29 can be seen according to the section VV in Fig. 4c.
  • a 30 g water-soaked paper wrapper 35 is wound, which in turn is pressed by a spacer 36, analogous to the spacer 11 of FIG. 3, on the outer wall of the beverage can 24.
  • the spacer 36 is in turn pressed onto the beverage can 24 by the enveloping bag 23 on which the external air pressure rests. This ensures optimal thermal contact of the evaporating body of water with the contents of the can.
  • Fig. 4b shows the section SS of Fig. 4.
  • the sorbent 34 in this case natural zeolite, is packed in the sorbent bag 22 as explained in the description of Fig. 1.
  • the film of the outer bag 23 nestles. This also contains a barrier layer of aluminum and a sealable layer of polyethylene or polypropylene. If it is ensured that no gases escape from the surface or the lid sealing of the beverage can 24 into the evaporator region, the beverage can 24 does not have to be additionally surrounded by a gas-tight, evacuated film.
  • the sorbent bag 22 is first pushed into the envelope bag 23. Subsequently, the spacers 31 are fastened by means of the adhesive strips 32 from the outside. To the lateral surface of the beverage can 24, the paper wrapper 35 is wound and soaked with the working fluid water. Based on the sorbent mass this is 7.5% water. It follows the spacer 36 made of polypropylene and the fixing plate 33, in which the piercing tool 25 is clamped. The fixing plate 33 and the spacer 36 can be conveniently fixed on the beverage can 24 by shrink films (not shown).
  • the thus prepared beverage can 24 is pushed into the outer bag 23 until the two spacers 31 pending on the fixing plate 33.
  • the thus-stocked envelope bag 23 is now evacuated in a vacuum chamber until some water vapor flows out of the working medium water. This working medium vapor flow degasifies the working medium itself and also tears all other gases out of the enveloping bag 23.
  • the enveloping bag 23 is thermally sealed in the region of the upper edge 28 by means of welding bars.
  • the finished cooling element can be removed.
  • the element can in turn be placed in a vacuum chamber and evacuated. In a functionally reliable cooling element, the enveloping bag 23 will not bulge until the chamber pressure drops below the water vapor pressure.
  • the two spacers 31 have to be withdrawn, which are firmly clamped between the sorbent bag 22 and the fixing plate 33 because of the negative pressure. Thanks to the flexible spacer material, the film of the outer bag 23 and the sorbent bag 22 is not damaged despite sharp-edged zeolite granules. Due to the internal negative pressure, the piercing tool 25 will immediately penetrate into the lancing region 30 of the sorbent bag 22, cut out a portion of the film material and release the steam channel for the upcoming water vapor. Within a few minutes, the water in the paper sheath 35 will cool to about 0 ° C and heat the sorbent 34 to over 100 ° C.
  • the content of the beverage can 24 is cooled by about 18 Kelvin and the sorbent 34 uniformly hot. Occasional shaking of the beverage can 24 accelerates the cooling of the beverage within the can. About a notch on the weld along the longitudinal seam 27 of the envelope bag 23 can be separated and the cold beverage can 24 are pulled out of the evaporator 29.
  • the used sorbent granules can be used to improve the soil or pond water quality or be disposed of together with the film material in the residual waste. From the water mask in the paper wrapper 35 about 18 g have been evaporated and sorbed by the sorbent 34. With a filled zeolite mass of 400 g, this results in a loading of only 4.5%.
  • FIG. 5 and 5a show a flat cooling element, which allows not only the cold from the evaporator 42 at the same time the use of heat from the sorbent.
  • a flat sorbent bag 40 contains a zeolite plate 41 of synthetic zeolite and an evaporator 42 without interposed shut-off device.
  • the evaporator 42 includes an anhydrous web 43 and a spacer 44, which is constructed analogously to the spacer of FIG.
  • the zeolite plate 41 has been formed from powdered Na-A zeolite with the addition of binder. In it flow channels 45 are incorporated in the lower region, which allow the forwarding of the steam flow from the spacer 44 in the sorbent.
  • the working fluid water 47 is located in a water bag 46, which communicates via a connecting channel 48 with the evaporator 42 and is also part of the sorbent bag 40.
  • a film piece 50 is arranged, which ensures that inflowing water is directed into the web 43 and does not reach the flow channels of the spacer 44 in the liquid state.
  • 48 g of salt are inserted into the web 43 in the mouth region of the connecting channel 48.
  • a single multi-layer film bag is used which encloses or forms both the sorbent, the evaporator 42, the connecting channel 48, the working medium water 47 and the shut-off device.
  • the shut-off device is that the connecting channel 48 is bent from its original plan position by 180 ° upwards.
  • the water bag 46 which assumes the position shown in dashed lines in FIG. 5 during production, thus lies on the evaporator 42 during the storage time. Due to the sharp fold 49, in whose area the two superposed polypropylene layers are strongly squeezed against each other, a very inexpensive shut-off device has arisen which can be folded back by folding the water bag 46 into the starting position (dashed position in FIG. 5 and position in FIG. 5 a) can easily open another tool by pressing on the water bag 46 from the outside.
  • the zeolite plate 41 is heated in a circulating air oven to temperatures between 150 and 200 ° C.
  • the hot zeolite plate 41 is then introduced together with the heated to about 80 ° C evaporator components in the partially prefabricated sorbent bag 40.
  • the sorbent bag 40 is then welded so far that only the connection channel to the water bag 46 and the water bag itself have a suction opening to a vacuum chamber. By evacuating the vacuum chamber to less than 5 mbar, the pressure within the sorbent bag 40 is also lowered. As a result, residual water evaporates from the zeolite, the steam flow of which expels air and gases released from the hot components through the connecting channel 48. Then, the connecting channel 48 can be kinked.
  • the water bag 46 can now be filled with degassed water and then welded gas-free.
  • the cooling element To take the cooling element into operation, only the water bag 46 is returned to its original position and thus the folding 49 straightened. Driven by the water vapor pressure in the water bag 46, water now flows through the connecting channel 48 into the fleece 43. It dissolves the salt crystals located there, as a result of which the freezing point is lowered to almost -17 ° C. By inflowing water, the salt solution is further passed into the fleece, from where it can evaporate. The vapor is directed into the zeolite plate 41 via the channels maintained by the spacer 44 and sorbed exothermically. The heat of sorption heats the zeolite plate 41 to over 100 ° C. The web 43 cools by the evaporative cooling to temperatures below the freezing point.
  • the cooling element can thus be used, for example, in the region of the zeolite plate 41 for keeping food warm and in the region of the evaporator 42 for keeping cold drinks. After use, it can be sent to the residual waste.
  • the evaporator 42 of the cooling element of FIG. 5 can be brought into a cylindrical shape which is suitable for receiving a can or a bottle. To get a good thermal contact between bottle surface and sorbent bag, both can be pressed together by means of stretch films or rubber bands. It is also very efficient to place the bottle and the cooling element in an additional bag, which is then evacuated. The heat transfer from the evaporator to the bottle is significantly improved by the then applied air pressure.
  • FIG. 6 shows further components of a cooling element according to the invention for rapid cooling of a bottle 53 filled with a beverage.
  • the bottle 53 shown in cross section is in turn driven by a cylindrically moldable spacer 54 which presses a nonwoven 52 onto the cylindrical bottle part and a fixing element 55 Surrounding receiving a cutting tool 56.
  • the bottle 53 itself may first be sealed in a gas-tight - not shown - evacuated film, so that from the cork 61 of the bottle 53 diffusing gases that can not affect the necessary vacuum function.
  • a sorbent bag 57 contains 6 disk-shaped zeolite plates 58, one of which is shown in plan view in FIG. 6a.
  • the plates contain centrally steam channel holes 59 through which the water vapor is fed to radial channels 60.
  • Fig. 7 shows a further, space-saving arrangement of a cooling element for cooling a bottle 62.
  • a recess is formed, in which the bottle neck 64 and the shut-off device 65 are arranged.
  • the sorbent bag 63 advantageously has the diameter of the bottle 62, not shown evaporator.
  • the shut-off device forms a cutting tool 65, which can perforate the multilayer film of the sorbent bag 63 only by manually increased axial pressure.
  • the remaining components are not shown here for the sake of clarity. For them and the manufacturing and cooling method, the description of FIGS. 4 to 4d applies analogously.
  • Fig. 8 shows a shut-off device in which a die 80 can pierce a sorbent bag 81.
  • the sorbent bag 81 contains a zeolite 82 in spherical form.
  • the cylindrically shaped die 80 has at its one end a knife edge 83 which is designed to sever the film of the sorbent bag 81. So that the separation does not happen unintentionally, a protective film 84 is placed between knife edge 83 and sorbent bag 81, which ensures by its nature that the cutting iron 80 only the sorbent bag 81 severed when additional external forces in the direction of arrow A on the other end of the cutting iron 80 and not already by the external air pressure.
  • This other end is provided with a cap 85 which projects beyond the diameter of the cutting iron 80 and supports the outer enveloping bag 86.
  • the diameter of the cap 85 is slightly larger than the punched hole 88 in a working medium vapor channel disposed between sorbent bag 81 and wrapping bag 86.
  • it is made up of several layers of a net 87 of polypropylene filaments. Through this multi-layer structure remains within the network structure sufficient flow cross-section for the working medium vapor although the difference between the working medium vapor pressure to the outside air pressure is present on the steam channel.
  • the cutting iron 80 has in its cylinder wall a plurality of windows 89 through which the working medium vapor from the steam channel can flow into the die.
  • the protective film 84 is severed together with the sorbent bag from the knife edge 83 of the cutting iron 80.
  • the stamped parts are pushed by the rolling zeolite 82 into the interior of the cutting cylinder and thus release the steam path.
  • the die 80 can be so far pressed until its cap 85 rests on the edge of the holes 87 networks.
  • the flexible envelope bag 86 folds without leaking.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
EP20060001786 2005-07-22 2006-01-28 Elément de refroidissement à sorption avec une feuille étanche aux gaz Withdrawn EP1746365A2 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005034297A DE102005034297A1 (de) 2005-02-25 2005-07-22 Sorptions-Kühlelement mit gasdichter Folie

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2196752A1 (fr) 2008-12-09 2010-06-16 Carlsberg Breweries A/S Récipient auto-réfrigérant
WO2010066775A1 (fr) 2008-12-09 2010-06-17 Carlsberg Breweries A/S Contenant auto-réfrigérant et dispositif de refroidissement
EP2397796A1 (fr) 2010-06-15 2011-12-21 Carlsberg Breweries A/S Conteneur auto-réfrigérant et dispositif de refroidissement
WO2011157735A2 (fr) 2010-06-15 2011-12-22 Carlsberg Breweries A/S Récipient à refroidissement automatique et dispositif de refroidissement
EP2447625A2 (fr) * 2010-10-28 2012-05-02 Vaillant GmbH Réacteur
WO2012062878A1 (fr) * 2010-11-11 2012-05-18 S.A. Damm Contenant auto-réfrigérant
EP2695560A1 (fr) 2012-08-10 2014-02-12 Carlsberg Breweries A/S Dispositif de refroidissement comprenant des réactifs revêtus
WO2014166867A1 (fr) 2013-04-08 2014-10-16 Carlsberg Breweries A/S Système de refroidissement externe d'un porte-boissons et procédé de refroidissement externe d'un porte-boissons

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3425419A1 (de) 1984-07-10 1986-01-23 Fritz Dipl.-Ing. Kaubek Adiabatische heiz- und kuehlverfahren und tragbare vorrichtungen nach dem adsorptionsprinzip
EP0368111A2 (fr) 1988-11-08 1990-05-16 ZEO-TECH Zeolith Technologie GmbH Système frigorifique à sorption
WO1999037958A1 (fr) 1998-01-24 1999-07-29 The University Of Nottingham Dispositif de transfert de chaleur
WO2001010738A1 (fr) 1999-08-04 2001-02-15 Crown Cork & Seal Technologies Corporation Canette a refroidissement integre
US6474100B1 (en) 2001-04-25 2002-11-05 Thermal Products Development Inc. Evacuated sorbent assembly and cooling device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3425419A1 (de) 1984-07-10 1986-01-23 Fritz Dipl.-Ing. Kaubek Adiabatische heiz- und kuehlverfahren und tragbare vorrichtungen nach dem adsorptionsprinzip
EP0368111A2 (fr) 1988-11-08 1990-05-16 ZEO-TECH Zeolith Technologie GmbH Système frigorifique à sorption
WO1999037958A1 (fr) 1998-01-24 1999-07-29 The University Of Nottingham Dispositif de transfert de chaleur
WO2001010738A1 (fr) 1999-08-04 2001-02-15 Crown Cork & Seal Technologies Corporation Canette a refroidissement integre
US6474100B1 (en) 2001-04-25 2002-11-05 Thermal Products Development Inc. Evacuated sorbent assembly and cooling device

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2196752A1 (fr) 2008-12-09 2010-06-16 Carlsberg Breweries A/S Récipient auto-réfrigérant
WO2010066775A1 (fr) 2008-12-09 2010-06-17 Carlsberg Breweries A/S Contenant auto-réfrigérant et dispositif de refroidissement
EP2397796A1 (fr) 2010-06-15 2011-12-21 Carlsberg Breweries A/S Conteneur auto-réfrigérant et dispositif de refroidissement
WO2011157735A2 (fr) 2010-06-15 2011-12-22 Carlsberg Breweries A/S Récipient à refroidissement automatique et dispositif de refroidissement
EP2447625A2 (fr) * 2010-10-28 2012-05-02 Vaillant GmbH Réacteur
EP2447625A3 (fr) * 2010-10-28 2014-03-26 Vaillant GmbH Réacteur
WO2012062878A1 (fr) * 2010-11-11 2012-05-18 S.A. Damm Contenant auto-réfrigérant
EP2695560A1 (fr) 2012-08-10 2014-02-12 Carlsberg Breweries A/S Dispositif de refroidissement comprenant des réactifs revêtus
WO2014166867A1 (fr) 2013-04-08 2014-10-16 Carlsberg Breweries A/S Système de refroidissement externe d'un porte-boissons et procédé de refroidissement externe d'un porte-boissons

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