EP1743181A1 - Capteur de courants alternatifs - Google Patents

Capteur de courants alternatifs

Info

Publication number
EP1743181A1
EP1743181A1 EP05731501A EP05731501A EP1743181A1 EP 1743181 A1 EP1743181 A1 EP 1743181A1 EP 05731501 A EP05731501 A EP 05731501A EP 05731501 A EP05731501 A EP 05731501A EP 1743181 A1 EP1743181 A1 EP 1743181A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coil
winding
coils
beginning
conductors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP05731501A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Werner Zumbrunn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1743181A1 publication Critical patent/EP1743181A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
    • G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
    • G01R15/18—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers
    • G01R15/181—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers using coils without a magnetic core, e.g. Rogowski coils

Definitions

  • the common sensors for the measurement of alternating currents generally consist of an annular core made of magnetically highly conductive material, on which a toroidal coil is seated, which in turn is short-circuited via a measuring device. Alternating currents in conductors, which are enclosed by the ring-shaped core, generate short-circuit alternating currents in the toroidal coil - like in a transformer. By a suitable choice of the number of turns of the toroid, the current to be measured is reduced so that it can be measured with conventional measuring devices.
  • the sensor described is called "current transformer” or “push-through current transformer”.
  • current transformer or "push-through current transformer”.
  • One of its properties is that the core material can be saturated by strong magnetic fields, either because the current to be measured is too large or because currents flowing outside, for example short-circuit currents, in adjacent busbars are too large, and the proportional relationship between primary and secondary current is lost.
  • the invention relates to current sensors based on coils without a magnetic core material, also called air coils. Because of the lack of core material, they cannot saturate.
  • the sensors generally consist of an air coil or a plurality of air coils connected in series, which are arranged symmetrically around the current-carrying conductor. The alternating current in this conductor is measured using the mutual inductance between the coil or the coils and the current-carrying conductor. The current to be measured induces a voltage in the coil or in the coils. The voltage corresponds to the product of the time derivative of the current and the mutual inductance and must be integrated after the time so that an image of the measured variable can be obtained. State of the art
  • the Rogowski coil has been known since 1912, and many applications, manufacturing methods, and embodiments have been patented over the years. Some of these patents are briefly discussed below.
  • the individual coils are also arranged symmetrically around the current-carrying conductor.
  • the coils can be flat coils and two sets of concentric coils can be used. In the latter case, thanks to a suitable linear combination of the signals from the two sets of coils, the mutual inductance to conductors passing outside is reduced.
  • the Winding body have a constant curvature. All manufacturing processes are based on printed circuits.
  • the winding consists of conductor tracks on at least two different levels and vias that connect the conductor tracks on the different levels. These embodiments come quite close to ideal Rogowski coils. They could be used to measure magnetic voltages, as inventor W. Rogowski suggested in 1912. However, they are only of limited suitability for the measurement of alternating currents, because the spiral winding has a non-negligible mutual inductance with the conductors passing outside.
  • K the above-mentioned K.
  • sensors according to US 6313623 B1 and US 6680608 B2 therefore use two or more closely spaced bobbins with identical dimensions.
  • the windings have different winding senses and are connected in series; this eliminates the need for the return conductor.
  • the geometries of the different windings are similar, but the two bobbins are spatially separated; the sum of the mutual inductances towards outside conductors is therefore not negligible.
  • JP 580056668 two spiral windings connected in series with different winding senses are also used.
  • the spiral windings are interrupted at regular intervals by windings with a single turn in order to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the current measurement.
  • the two spiral windings penetrate each other, so that the mutual inductance is negligibly small compared to conductors passing outside.
  • Certain sensors with Rogowski coils mentioned above are easy to manufacture, but are less suitable as accurate ammeters because of spirally wound coils, because of the lack of a return conductor, or because of bobbins with variable curvature.
  • Others are complex to manufacture because a plurality of helical coils or coil sets lying side by side or penetrating one another are required, or the connecting conductors between the coils or flat coils have a non-negligible mutual inductance with respect to conductors passing outside.
  • the aim of the invention is a sensor with air coils which is simple to manufacture and is nevertheless suitable as an accurate ammeter.
  • the invention is based on a number of identical coils, each of which has only one turn and which are arranged symmetrically around a circle.
  • the turn can have any shape, but preferably has a circular or rectangular shape.
  • Each individual turn must lie in a plane that is perpendicular to the circle mentioned.
  • the turn must be practically closed, i.e. the beginning and end must be as close as possible to one another.
  • the individual flat coils are connected in series by connecting conductors. So that these connecting conductors have no mutual inductance with respect to conductors passing outside the sensor, they are closely coupled to a connecting conductor which leads from the end of the last coil to the beginning of the first coil.
  • the single flat coil can also have more than one turn; all turns then lie in a common plane that is perpendicular to the circle mentioned.
  • the individual turns are connected in series via connecting conductors, and the connecting conductor, which leads from the last winding to the first, is so closely coupled to the other connecting conductors that their sum has no mutual inductance with respect to conductors passing outside the sensor.
  • Less ideal - but also usable under certain circumstances - are flat coils, the winding of which is spiral.
  • the coils can be produced by other methods such as etching or printing on a flat substrate instead of by winding. This makes the coils accessible for mass production.
  • K. Heumann it is known that the naturally always limited winding density of an otherwise ideal sensor means that conductors that lead close to the outside have a noticeable mutual inductance with the sensor. This annoying mutual inductance quickly decreases with increasing distance between the outer conductor and the sensor.
  • the density of the flat coils distributed over the above-mentioned circle should therefore be selected in individual cases so that these influences remain tolerable.
  • FIG. 1 shows an inventive coil arrangement with individual coils, each of which has only one turn.
  • Figure 2 A single coil with several circular turns.
  • Figure 3 A single coil with two mirror-symmetrical, spiral windings.
  • Figure 4 A single coil with several rectangular turns.
  • Figure 5 An advantageous coil arrangement with flat coils, each having a plurality of rectangular turns.
  • FIG. 1 shows a coil arrangement which, for the sake of clarity, consists of only 8 identical individual coils (1), each with one turn. They are arranged symmetrically around a circle; each individual turn lies in a plane that is perpendicular to the circle and is practically closed.
  • the coils (1) are connected in series via connecting lines (2).
  • the end of the last coil is connected to the connecting conductor (3) via a short connecting conductor (4).
  • the connecting conductor (3) is coupled as closely as possible to the connecting conductor (2) so that the mutual inductance of the
  • connection conductor to conductors passing outside is negligible.
  • the connecting conductors (2) and (3) can, for example, be guided close together, twisted together or they can be designed as coaxial lines.
  • the sensor can be connected via the connection conductors (5) and (6); these, of course, must also be closely linked.
  • Figure 2 shows a single coil with a practically closed winding. It can be connected via the connection points (11) and (12) which are close together.
  • the winding consists of several circular, practically closed turns (10).
  • the connecting lines (13) between the turns and the connecting conductor (14), which leads from the end of the coil to the beginning of the coil, are so closely coupled that the mutual inductance of the connecting conductors to conductors passing outside is negligible.
  • FIG. 3 also shows a single coil with several turns.
  • the winding (20) is a spiral; the individual turns are not closed.
  • the rewinding (21) is carried out axially symmetrically to the rewinding.
  • the two windings are in two different, parallel planes; their distance should be kept as short as possible.
  • the two windings are connected in series via a short connecting conductor (24); it connects the end of winding (20) with the beginning of winding (21).
  • the single coil as a series connection of the two windings (20) and (21) can be connected via the connection points (22) and (23).
  • FIG. 4 shows a flat coil on a coil carrier (48) with a plurality of rectangular turns (37) which are practically closed.
  • the connecting conductors (33) connect the individual turns in series.
  • the connecting conductor (34) connects the end of the innermost with the outermost turn of the coil just behind the turns (37).
  • the connecting conductors (33, 34) are so closely coupled that their mutual inductance towards conductors that lead outside the sensor is small.
  • the coil can be connected via connection points (31) and (32).
  • FIG. 5 shows a sensor made of identical flat coils (41, 49, 50).
  • the flat coils consist of rectangular windings, as shown in Figure 4. 8 flat coils were selected for FIG. 5; however, the number can be any number. The greater the number, the smaller the mutual inductance of the sensor to conductors leading close to the outside.
  • the flat coils are arranged symmetrically around a circle. The winding of each coil lies in a plane that is perpendicular to the circle and therefore also contains its center.
  • the flat coils are housed on flat bobbins (48).
  • the connecting conductor (45) of the sensor is connected to the start of the winding of the first coil (41).
  • the end of the winding of each coil is connected to the start of the winding of the next coil by a connecting conductor (42); the coils are connected in series in this way.
  • the end of the winding of the last coil (50) is connected to the beginning of the connecting conductor (43) via the short connecting conductor (44). This leads back to the first coil (41) and is connected from here to the second connecting conductor (46) of the sensor.
  • the connecting conductors (45, 46) and the connecting conductors (42, 43) are closely coupled, for example coaxially or twisted, so that the sum of the mutual inductances to conductors passing outside is minimal.

Abstract

Ce capteur de mesure de courants alternatifs comprend des bobines plates (41, 49, 50) à structure identique réparties symétriquement autour d'un cercle. L'enroulement de chaque bobine se situe sur un plan perpendiculaire au cercle. Le début et la fin de l'enroulement de chaque bobine se situent aussi près que possible l'un de l'autre. Le conducteur (45) de connexion du capteur est connecté au début de l'enroulement de la première bobine (41). La fin de l'enroulement de chaque bobine est reliée par un conducteur de liaison (42) au début de l'enroulement de la prochaine bobine. La fin de l'enroulement de la dernière bobine (50) est connectée par le court conducteur de liaison (44) au début du conducteur de liaison (43) qui ramène à la première bobine (41) et y est relié au deuxième conducteur de connexion (46) du capteur. Les conducteurs de connexion (45, 46) et les conducteurs de liaison (42, 43) sont étroitement liés par transposition pour que la somme des inductances mutuelles vers des conducteurs qui mènent vers l'extérieur soit minimale.
EP05731501A 2004-04-24 2005-04-22 Capteur de courants alternatifs Ceased EP1743181A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH7192004 2004-04-24
PCT/CH2005/000226 WO2005103737A1 (fr) 2004-04-24 2005-04-22 Capteur de courants alternatifs

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1743181A1 true EP1743181A1 (fr) 2007-01-17

Family

ID=34966585

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05731501A Ceased EP1743181A1 (fr) 2004-04-24 2005-04-22 Capteur de courants alternatifs

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1743181A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005103737A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB0601383D0 (en) * 2006-01-24 2006-03-01 Sentec Ltd Current Sensor
WO2010041139A1 (fr) * 2008-10-11 2010-04-15 University Of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg Bobine de mesure de courant électrique
US9753061B2 (en) 2010-11-26 2017-09-05 The National Microelectronics Applications Centre Limited AC current or voltage sensor
DE102011089204A1 (de) * 2011-12-20 2013-05-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schalter, insbesondere Leistungsschalter für Niederspannungen
EP3819651A4 (fr) * 2018-07-04 2022-03-16 Shindengen Electric Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Module électronique
IT202100021209A1 (it) * 2021-08-05 2023-02-05 Electroceramica S A Scheda radiale, dispositivo di misurazione, apparato per applicazioni elettrotecniche nel dominio delle medie ed alte tensioni e metodo di realizzazione del dispositivo

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS585668A (ja) * 1981-06-30 1983-01-13 Fujitsu Ltd 検出コイル
WO2001079869A1 (fr) * 2000-04-17 2001-10-25 Suparules Limited Dispositif de mesure de courant
US6380727B1 (en) * 1998-07-03 2002-04-30 Ascom Energy Systems Ag Current sensor

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6624624B1 (en) * 1999-05-25 2003-09-23 Arbeitsgemeinschaft Prof. Hugel Agph Electrical current sensor

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS585668A (ja) * 1981-06-30 1983-01-13 Fujitsu Ltd 検出コイル
US6380727B1 (en) * 1998-07-03 2002-04-30 Ascom Energy Systems Ag Current sensor
WO2001079869A1 (fr) * 2000-04-17 2001-10-25 Suparules Limited Dispositif de mesure de courant

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of WO2005103737A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2005103737A1 (fr) 2005-11-03

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