EP1667930A2 - Dispositif de levage, notamment ascenseur ou pont-elevateur - Google Patents

Dispositif de levage, notamment ascenseur ou pont-elevateur

Info

Publication number
EP1667930A2
EP1667930A2 EP04786870A EP04786870A EP1667930A2 EP 1667930 A2 EP1667930 A2 EP 1667930A2 EP 04786870 A EP04786870 A EP 04786870A EP 04786870 A EP04786870 A EP 04786870A EP 1667930 A2 EP1667930 A2 EP 1667930A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drive
brake
shaft
shafts
motor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04786870A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Frank W. Thielow
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Logos-Innovationen GmbH
Original Assignee
Logos-Innovationen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Logos-Innovationen GmbH filed Critical Logos-Innovationen GmbH
Publication of EP1667930A2 publication Critical patent/EP1667930A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D5/00—Braking or detent devices characterised by application to lifting or hoisting gear, e.g. for controlling the lowering of loads
    • B66D5/02—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes
    • B66D5/24—Operating devices
    • B66D5/30—Operating devices electrical
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B11/04—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals
    • B66B11/043—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals actuated by rotating motor; Details, e.g. ventilation
    • B66B11/0484—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals actuated by rotating motor; Details, e.g. ventilation with a clutch or a coupling system between several motors, e.g. switching different speeds, progressive starting, torque limitation, flywheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lifting device, in particular an elevator or lifting platform, according to the preamble of claim 1,
  • elevators are installed in buildings with approximately 2 to 10 floors in single or multi-family houses, office buildings or the like, inter alia as part of the building modernization.
  • Common lifts are However, it is comparatively expensive, so that they are currently used little, particularly as so-called "home lifts”.
  • the drive unit In addition to the drive motor, the drive unit often comprises a cable loaded with tension on which the lifting truck and possibly a counterweight of the lifting truck are fixed. In normal operation, the pallet truck or counterweight is also braked by the drive unit. In some cases, the drive motor (s) has a brake connected to the motor for this purpose (cf. the not yet published application by the applicant PCT / DE 03/01837). Separate brakes are also used.
  • drive motors each with a motor brake or safety brake connected to a drive motor.
  • the drive motors are forcibly connected in parallel to the drive shaft via a belt transmission.
  • the drive pinions or drive pulleys for the traction cable or chain or the like are fixed on the drive shaft.
  • a drive with traction sheaves for cable lifts is already known from DE 92 05 25.
  • Several electrical and modular drive motors are used for vertical adjustment of the elevator car or the like. So that no voltages or loads of the drive system and / or the cabin suspension are generated by different speeds of the motors, the motors must be synchronized by means of an electronic synchronous control.
  • two brake units and two traction sheaves are also provided for a pull rope.
  • Such lifts have an additional braking option to increase safety, in order to brake at least the pallet truck or the load suspension and possibly the counterweight in a special operating or emergency.
  • a special operating case is an emergency situation such as a fire, an impairment of the drive unit, in particular a tearing of the drive cable.
  • An additional safety brake ensures that the truck and possibly the counterweight are braked even if the control electronics are damaged.
  • the emergency brake of the car or the lifting truck is referred to as a safety gear.
  • a corresponding safety gear is also required for the lifts mentioned above.
  • a disadvantage of previous safety brakes or safety devices of the lifting truck and / or the counterweight is, on the one hand, the relatively large design effort and, on the other hand, that the brake rail, which in some cases is in several parts, must be aligned exactly over the entire length of the adjustment path or the elevator, so that brake shoes when adjusting the pallet truck or counterweight, do not touch the brake rail as far as possible and therefore do not wear out in everyday operation. Otherwise, the functioning of the safety brake in an emergency situation may no longer be guaranteed.
  • Corresponding shaft systems or corresponding rails have hitherto been designed to be comparatively stable or massive, in order to absorb pressure forces and managers in particular and to ensure the braking effect reliably. Among other things, aligning the multi-part brake rail over the entire length of the adjustment path during assembly causes considerable effort.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to propose a lifting device, in particular an elevator or lifting platform, with a drive unit for adjusting a load receptacle, in particular arranged on a lifting truck, with which a cost reduction or an increase in operational safety compared to lifting devices according to the prior art is achieved.
  • a lifting device is characterized in that means are provided for generating a continuous mechanical form fit, the form fit comprising at least the first and second brake units and the first and second drive elements.
  • redundancy of the two brake systems is realized. This enables mutual support or braking of one of the two tension elements by one of the two brake units.
  • the The braking effect is improved and / or the braking units can be dimensioned smaller and / or on the other hand, even if one of the tension elements or one of the braking units is impaired, the load suspension is braked safely. Smaller-sized brake units are correspondingly inexpensive.
  • the brake units are usually designed as so-called two-circuit safety brakes, which are comparatively expensive.
  • the two brake units can be designed as simple brakes, so that the invention can reduce costs.
  • the two brake units can advantageously also be designed as two-circuit safety brakes, which increases the safety of the lifting device according to the invention compared to the prior art.
  • the continuous mechanical form fit preferably comprises the at least two tension elements. This measure ensures that a continuous mechanical form fit from the load suspension, e.g. Pallet truck and / or elevator car, pulpit or the like, via the traction elements and the drive elements up to the braking units.
  • load suspension e.g. Pallet truck and / or elevator car, pulpit or the like
  • the at least two tension elements are designed as chains.
  • chains and advantageously with drive elements designed as chain sprockets, gearwheels or the like, a positive connection between the tension element or chain and the drive or brake shaft / brake unit is realized in a particularly simple manner.
  • at least one toothed belt with a toothed wheel can be designed as a tension element with a drive element.
  • the use of chains, in particular metal chains or steel chains, on the one hand ensures that, for example in the event of a fire or the like, impairment due to the action of heat, etc. is largely prevented. Tooth chains are advantageously provided which, for example, have a particularly high efficiency.
  • a chain designed as a tension element has the particular advantage that it can tolerate or realize comparatively small deflection radii without being subjected to excessive stress.
  • a wire rope requires comparatively large deflection radii, i.e. the drive pulley is to be designed accordingly large.
  • Correspondingly large or large-diameter drive disks generate comparatively large drive or braking torques, which necessitates a correspondingly large dimensioning of the drive motors and the brakes.
  • Corresponding drive pulleys for wire ropes have diameters of approx. 20 cm and more, for example.
  • the drive sprocket can be dimensioned relatively small, i.e. a comparatively small diameter of the drive pinion can be provided.
  • a drive sprocket with a diameter of about 6 cm can be used in an advantageous chain. Accordingly, significantly lower drive and braking torques are generated on the drive shaft than in the prior art, which has a positive effect on the dimensioning of the drive unit and also of the brake unit or brake units.
  • lifting devices In general, a compact, space-saving implementation of lifting devices is advantageous, since this makes them comparatively inconspicuous in the corresponding buildings can be accommodated.
  • a separate machine room for the lifting device according to the invention can advantageously be dispensed with, which in turn leads to a significant reduction in the economic costs.
  • a second drive motor having a second motor shaft is provided.
  • the advantage compared to a single drive motor in lifts with multiple motors is the reduction in size and weight of the individual motors. Accordingly, these can be assembled more easily or more easily and require less space, so that a separate machine room can be dispensed with if necessary. These advantages are particularly important when retrofitting an elevator to an existing building.
  • the continuous mechanical positive locking advantageously comprises the at least two motor shafts. This measure makes it possible to implement two completely redundant or mutually replaceable motor-drive-brake systems. This further improves the safety of the lifting device according to the invention.
  • each system comprises a motor with a motor shaft, a brake unit with a brake shaft, a drive element with a drive shaft and one or more tension elements.
  • the positive connection between the brake units or brake shafts and the drive elements or drive shafts is realized with the aid of the pulling elements or chains.
  • this mechanical form fit between the shafts can also be achieved by coupling or
  • Coupling units take place, such as by means of screwable flanges, claw coupling, gear, in particular toothed, spur or angular gear, tongue and groove units or the like.
  • a double positive connection of the brake units with the drive elements can advantageously be provided.
  • the combination of a first positive connection via the traction elements or chains and a second positive connection directly between the corresponding shafts increases the operational safety of the lifting device according to the invention in a very special way.
  • the means for generating a continuously mechanically, positively connected motor-drive-brake shaft are designed, the motor-drive-brake shaft comprising at least the two motor shafts, the two brake shafts and the two drive shafts.
  • a separate safety gear can be dispensed with, which in particular significantly reduces the costs of the invention.
  • the means are formed as a coupling unit for releasably connecting • two of the waves.
  • the detachable connection of the shafts enables simple replacement or separation, especially in the case of repairs and / or maintenance that, among other things, the damaged or worn part, eg the drive element, can be replaced or repaired relatively easily.
  • Motors in particular electric motors according to the prior art, often have motor shafts specially adapted to the motor, as can be the case, for example, in gearless motors with direct drive or torque motors, or the motor shaft is part of a prefabricated motor unit and / or in case of motors without housings.
  • the coupling unit is advantageously designed for releasably connecting one of the motor shafts to one of the other shafts.
  • any, for example already commercially available, motor shaft can be combined with another one shaft according to the invention connected and solved if necessary.
  • an impaired motor it can be solved and repaired or replaced in an advantageous manner by the lifting device according to the invention.
  • At least the two braking periods are preferably designed as a continuous, one-piece brake shaft.
  • a correspondingly one-piece shaft is structurally particularly simple to implement and is comparatively inexpensive to implement.
  • a particularly reliable connection of the two brake shafts is hereby realized, which ensures an advantageous interaction of the two brake systems.
  • the means have at least one continuous, in particular one-piece drive brake shaft, which comprises at least the two brake shafts and the two drive shafts.
  • a continuous shaft which advantageously means a one-piece shaft, very easily implements the positive connection according to the invention, in particular the operational reliability compared to coupling, flange connections or the like between the individual shafts or areas being improved.
  • the integration of the motor shaft, brake and drive shafts in a one-piece motor-drive-brake shaft reduces the effort, in particular the manufacturing effort and the costs in a special way.
  • the two brake units are arranged adjacent to one another on the continuous, one-piece brake shaft. This increases the risk that, for example, there may be an impairment or malfunction between the brake units - left
  • the two mutually adjacent brake units are preferably arranged between the two drive elements on the continuous, one-piece drive-brake shaft. This measure improves the connection of the two, in particular redundant, brake units to the two drive elements. This reduces the risk of the two redundant systems being impaired.
  • no or low voltages are generated in the brake shaft area, which are generated in particular by or between the drive motors and the drive elements on the corresponding shafts.
  • a shaft diameter which is larger than the diameter of the other shaft regions is advantageously provided in the area of the brake units.
  • the continuous, one-piece drive-brake shaft in the area of the two mutually adjacent brake units has a shaft diameter which is larger than the diameter in the area of the drive elements. Accordingly, the risk of breakage in the thickened area is significantly reduced.
  • At least one tension element is advantageously arranged between two bearing points of one of the shafts. This means that in the area of the tension elements or drive elements occurring bending stresses recorded by the advantageous bearings. Accordingly, the other wave areas are largely or completely free of bending stresses, which further increases operational reliability. For example, as a result, at least two brake units or brake shafts arranged and / or adjacent between the tension elements can be kept free of bending stresses.
  • At least one angle sensor is provided for detecting an angle parameter of one of the shafts.
  • the position, in particular the angular position, of the respective and / or several or all shafts can be detected and evaluated in particular with the aid of an advantageous control unit.
  • the angle sensor is designed as a rotary encoder for detecting the angle parameter of one of the drive motors.
  • a plurality of angle sensors are preferably provided.
  • At least one detection unit is provided for detecting at least one, possibly a plurality of wear parameters.
  • the wear parameter may be a length or an extension, a break, a tension, etc. of the tension element.
  • a wide variety of physical measurement principles can be used to record the tension element parameters.
  • the tensioning force of the chain or chains can be detected, with spring elements in particular being advantageously able to be attached in the end region of the tension element. If the chain breaks, an adjustment of corresponding spring elements is generated, for example, which is detected with the aid of switches, light barriers, etc. and passed on to an advantageous control unit of the lifting device.
  • the detection unit comprises the angle sensor.
  • the second system or the second, redundant or independent braking system can be used to adjust or move the lifting truck and / or the load pick-up to a holding station of the lifting device without any risk to persons involved.
  • a tension element may be detected using ultrasound, radar, electrical conductivity, optical measuring principles, etc. intended.
  • a receiver or a transmitter can be arranged on opposite sides of a tension element, so that if the tension element breaks, the receiver detects the signal emitted by the transmitter. In this case, a corresponding signal is forwarded to the central control unit or the like, which leads to emergency operation or an alarm.
  • the extension of the tension element can be determined, for example, by detecting the speed of the drive shaft and the adjustment path or stroke of the lifting truck or the load receiver.
  • a chain it is possible that the lift generally generated by the extension in the area of the chain sprocket on the drive shaft can be detected using a light barrier or the like and evaluated accordingly.
  • An electrical detection of the tension element parameters is also conceivable when using metallic tension elements, in particular steel chains or the like.
  • metallic tension elements in particular steel chains or the like.
  • an electrical resistance is changed such that this change is transmitted to the control unit or detection unit and signaled accordingly.
  • the counterweight and / or the lifting truck or the load suspension can use a special electrical power supply, e.g. have a battery, sliding contacts or the like, by means of which the energy supply of corresponding electrical components can be ensured.
  • Tooth chains are preferably used which, in addition to a particularly high degree of efficiency and very high safety, enable comparatively small bending radii. Accordingly, particularly space-saving and compact drive units or brake units can be realized in this way.
  • a traction element or chain and / or not just a drive element on a drive shaft or a drive area, but rather several.
  • a doubling, tripling, etc. of the operational safety with regard to a break or an impairment of the tension element or the chain can hereby be achieved.
  • two chains are provided twice, which are in pairs or adjacent to one another and are each arranged on a drive shaft.
  • At least two largely redundant or independent brake systems are preferably provided, in particular connected by an almost purely mechanical, direct coupling of the brake units to the drive element or elements, so that it is extremely unlikely that both systems will fail at the same time. Accordingly, a safety brake system is always ready for use. As a result, it is very unlikely that the case will arise that a safety gear as described in the prior art is even necessary. Accordingly, with two redundant, independent safety brake systems, one safety device can advantageously be dispensed with, or if one brake system fails, the other, ready-to-operate brake system takes over the function of the safety device that would otherwise be necessary. This considerably reduces both the design effort and the assembly effort compared to the prior art, which makes a particularly inexpensive lifting device according to the invention feasible.
  • the brake shaft can also be designed as a static brake shaft, that is to say as a brake axis in which a component of the brake unit rotates about it.
  • the rotating component of the brake unit is advantageously connected or coupled to the drive shaft.
  • the angular speed of the drive element preferably corresponds to the rotational speed of the Brake unit or the brake shaft / the rotating part of the brake unit.
  • the drive shaft is designed as a brake shaft or the brake shafts and the drive shaft are implemented as a continuous shaft.
  • at least one clutch unit is arranged at least between one of the brake shafts and the drive shaft.
  • each of the tension elements is designed in such a way that it can carry the existing load on its own. If one of the tension elements breaks, the remaining, intact second or further tension element can thus absorb the existing load. This increases the safety of a lifting device of the invention.
  • At least both brake units are preferably coupled or rigidly connected to at least two tension elements. This measure significantly improves or increases the safety of a lifting device according to the invention. Furthermore, the formation of at least two, largely redundant or independent brake systems is further improved hereby.
  • the drive unit comprises at least a first drive motor or drive machine having a first motor shaft and a second drive motor or drive machine having a second motor shaft. In this way, on the one hand, in the event of a failure or drop in the drive power, for example of a drive motor, a second or further drive motor can be used to adjust the load capacity. Accordingly, the operational safety of a lifting device according to the invention is significantly improved.
  • at least one control unit for controlling the drive motors is advantageously provided
  • a modular embodiment of the drive unit can be formed by means of two drive motors or drive machines, the drive power of a drive motor being less than the total power to be applied or to be provided for the drive unit or corresponding to the total power.
  • the weight of at least one person is preferably balanced by means of a counterweight, so that a drive motor can advantageously be dimensioned in such a way that it can provide the power for transporting the partial payload that is frequently to be applied.
  • the first motor can transport up to 4 people, for example, whereby the weight of one person is balanced.
  • the sum of the drive powers of the individual drive motors is preferably the total power of the drive unit.
  • At least one of the drive motors comprises a brake connected at least to the motor, so that these together form a unit.
  • a safety brake is advantageously implemented.
  • at least two drive motors each comprise a corresponding motor brake or each drive motor comprises a corresponding motor brake.
  • the prescribed in elevators two independent brake circuits or the so-called “dual-circuit safety brake” are in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner feasible.
  • a separate "two-circuit safety brake '' can thus be eliminated.
  • the drive motors are generally operated simultaneously, which leads to comparatively low drive or braking torques per drive motor or motor brake. Almost identical drive motors are preferably provided. This measure according to the invention ensures that relatively large quantities of an engine type are procured, so that the drive power can be made available in a particularly economical manner.
  • the interchangeability of the drive motors is achieved in a particularly simple manner.
  • a possible overload of a drive motor can be determined with the aid of the control unit and can be changed over to a second, almost identical drive motor for adjusting the load, if necessary during operation.
  • emergency operation can be implemented, among other things, so that the load pick-up can be moved at least to the next stop and in particular the passengers can leave the elevator in an advantageous manner.
  • an optical, acoustic and / or digital signaling e.g. to a service point so that the drive unit can be serviced or repaired.
  • the drive elements or tension elements, the drive motors and / or the brake units are arranged almost symmetrically or radially symmetrically around or on the drive shaft.
  • two drive motors and / or the brake units are arranged on opposite sides of the drive shaft or drive shafts and / or in the middle. This makes it possible, among other things, to largely compensate for the bending moments generated by an individual drive motor on the drive shaft. This can be used for an advantageous mounting or dimensioning of the drive shaft.
  • the geometric axis of at least the two motor shafts of the drive motors and the drive shaft are advantageously of the drive element arranged essentially on the straight line.
  • the drive shaft or drive shafts is / are designed as a motor shaft or motor shafts. This means, for example, that a continuous drive shaft is to be designed as a motor shaft.
  • a coupling device for mechanically rigid coupling of the shafts may be provided between one of the motor shafts and the drive shaft or shafts.
  • Coupling device can be used in an advantageous manner on already commercially available components, which reduces the economic cost.
  • At least one of the motor shafts is advantageously designed as a brake shaft.
  • Each motor shaft is preferably designed as a brake shaft. This results in a reduction in the number of components to be used, which is noticeable in a reduction in both the design and the economic outlay.
  • a brake unit is arranged between a tension element or a chain and a drive motor.
  • a drive motor can also be arranged between a brake unit and a tension element or a chain.
  • An arrangement of a drive motor between two brake units is also conceivable, with the traction element or elements according to the invention being able to be arranged at any point along the straight line.
  • a continuous drive shaft can be provided, which includes both the motor shafts and the brake shafts. Often, however, at least one interruption is provided, which can be mechanically rigidly connected by means of a coupling unit.
  • the formation of two largely redundant, independent brake systems can also be implemented, for example, by providing at least two drive shafts.
  • the two drive shafts may not be connected to one another along the straight line, but indirectly via the respective traction elements or chains and the lifting truck or the load suspension, to which they are rigidly fixed. This makes it possible to achieve an advantageous synchronization of the drive motors.
  • an advantageous synchronization of the drive motors is realized by the arrangement according to the invention on a common straight line. This is advantageously realized in particular in the case of largely continuous drive shafts or mechanically coupled motor shafts with the drive shaft.
  • a coupling unit is provided between two drive shafts.
  • this coupling unit is implemented as an indirect coupling unit, which comprises at least two tension elements and the load receiver or the lifting truck.
  • a direct coupling of the two drive shafts along the straight line can also be provided.
  • the coupling unit is designed as a dog clutch or the like.
  • a continuous drive shaft is preferably provided at least between two, in particular four, tension elements. This implements a common drive shaft for the tension elements. This leads in particular to one particularly high safety of the braking or drive systems.
  • At least one bearing point is provided at least between two tension elements.
  • one or possibly several bearing points is provided between two tension element groups / pairs.
  • at least one motor bearing point or one brake bearing point is provided at least between a tension element and a drive motor and / or a brake unit.
  • the advantageous bearing points make it possible to optimize or minimize stress on the drive shaft or shafts due to deflection due to the tensile load caused by the load bearing or the counterweight.
  • At least one load detection unit is advantageously provided for determining a drive load.
  • At least one control unit is preferably provided for controlling or regulating the drive motors and / or brake units.
  • control unit has a time switch or
  • Delay device for time-delayed control of the drive motors.
  • the delayed switching on or switching off of the drive motors enables a multi-stage operation of the lifting device according to the invention, so that the comfort is improved. It is precisely in this way that a corresponding releasable coupling can be completely dispensed with, which can lead to a significant reduction in the design and economic outlay.
  • At least one or each of the drive motors can be operated in a star connection and in a delta connection.
  • the drive motor or motors are preferably in a start or start-up phase and / or operate in a braking or stop phase in "star connection" with relatively low acceleration.
  • several drive motors are operated simultaneously, the sum of the maximum drive powers of the drive motors being relatively large, so that the so-called “breakaway or starting torque” is advantageous can be overcome.
  • the drive motor (s) are advantageously operated in a “delta connection”.
  • the drive unit In general, individual or almost all components of the drive unit are to be stored in a floating manner, in particular by means of elastomers or the like, as a result of which vibration isolation or structure-borne noise isolation is implemented.
  • the drive shafts, brake units and / or the drive motor (s) must be stored accordingly.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic, perspective and sectional illustration of a lifting device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic, sectional illustration in plan view of a further lifting device according to the invention with a claw coupling of the drive shafts
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic, sectional illustration in plan view of a third lifting device according to the invention with two separate drive shafts
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic illustration of a fourth lifting device according to the invention with a continuous drive brake shaft
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic, partially sectioned illustration of a fifth lifting device according to the invention with a thickening of the shaft in the area of the brakes
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic illustration of a sixth lifting device according to the invention with two motors mounted on one side
  • Figure 7 is a schematic representation of a seventh lifting device according to the invention with two different sized motors and Figure 8 is a schematic representation of an eighth lifting device according to the invention with three braking systems.
  • a motor shaft 3 is also designed as a brake shaft 3.
  • the brake 2 can brake the motor shaft 3 by means of corresponding brake elements such as brake shoes, brake plates, etc.
  • the brake 2 can be implemented as a disc brake, multi-disk brake, etc., in particular using commercially available brakes 2.
  • the motor 1 has a rotor 4, a drive shaft 6 being driven or braked via the motor shaft 3 and a clutch 5.
  • a total of four drive pinions 7 are fixed on the drive shaft 6, each of which drives a chain 8, in particular a toothed chain 8.
  • a lift truck or a load suspension such as an elevator car or elevator pulpit hangs on the chains 8.
  • a counterweight also not shown, fixed, which compensates for at least part or even more than the weight of the truck and / or the load. Due to the loads hanging on the chains 8, the chain 8 is designed as a tension element 8 according to the invention.
  • a common axis of rotation 9 of the drive shaft 6 and the motor shafts 3 or brake shafts 3 is formed as a straight line according to the invention. As can be seen from the figures this enables a particularly compact design of the drive or brake unit of the lifting device according to the invention to be implemented. In the sense of the invention, certain deviations of the straight line due to manufacturing or assembly tolerances are also included.
  • lifting devices according to the invention can be realized particularly inexpensively.
  • the figures show bearings 10, which are partially arranged between two chains 8 and also between a chain 8 and a motor 1 or a brake 2.
  • the middle bearing 10 can also have two separate bearings and / or a bearing 10 can be provided between the two chains 8 of a pair of chains.
  • the bearings 10 are preferably designed as roller bearings, in particular as ball or roller bearings.
  • FIG. 1 A variant of the invention is shown in FIG. 1, only one drive shaft 6 being provided for all four chains 8.
  • FIG. 2 on the other hand, two drive shafts 6 are provided, which are operatively connected to one another via a coupling 11 or claw coupling 11.
  • a section of a support unit 12 or support column 12 is shown in FIG.
  • the support column 12 can be designed in particular in accordance with the support unit in accordance with the above-mentioned application by the applicant PCT / DE 03/01837.
  • this means that the support column 12 is primarily made of sheet metal elements.
  • the entire Drive unit or at least the drive chains 8 are encapsulated in accordance with the manner described in PCT / DE 03/01837, for example with the aid of an advantageous textile belt or the like.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the invention, two drive shafts 6 being provided.
  • An air gap 13 is provided between the two drive shafts 6, so that two completely separate drive shafts 6 are present.
  • the two drive shafts 6 are mechanically coupled to one another via the chains 8 and the pallet truck or counterweight, which is not shown in detail, so that two independent, redundant braking systems are also implemented in this variant, which are mechanically operatively connected to one another.
  • FIGS. 4 to 8 show further embodiment variants of the invention, the same reference numerals from FIGS. 1 to 3 corresponding to comparable or similar components.
  • One of the common features of the exemplary embodiments listed below is that at least two brakes 2 are arranged centrally or in the region of a longitudinal axis 14 of the lifting device. In contrast to the brakes 2 arranged on the outside in FIGS. 1 to 3, the at least two brakes 2 according to the figures described below are located on the inside.
  • a brake shaft 15 designed jointly for both or for three brakes 2 is arranged between two drive shafts 6 and this in turn is arranged between two motor shafts 3.
  • the brakes 2 are adjacent, ie there is no further function-determining unit between the brakes 2.
  • a bearing or the like could also be between two brakes 2 Brake shaft 15 are provided. In the sense of the invention, this would also be an adjacent arrangement of the brakes 2.
  • the brakes 2 are arranged adjacent to the drive elements 7 or pinions 7 and thus at the same time to the tension elements 8 or chains 8.
  • the brake shaft 15 is designed as a continuous drive brake shaft 15. This means that the brakes 2 and the pinion 7 are arranged on a one-piece shaft 15. With a comparatively simple structural design, this leads to a particularly high level of operational reliability of the system, since a continuous one-piece shaft 15 is less susceptible to faults than a coupling or the like.
  • the brake shafts 15 according to FIGS. 5, 6 and 8 are thicker in the area of the brakes 2 or are provided with a larger diameter than, for example, the drive shafts 6 in the area of the pinions 7 or chains 8. This ensures that the preferably one-piece Under no circumstances should the drive brake shaft 15 break in the area of the brakes 2, so that at least two brakes 2 with a drive shaft 6 are in a mechanically form-fitting connection to the second drive shaft 6 even if the common, continuous drive brake shaft 15 breaks in the area of a drive shaft 6.
  • two brakes 2 can always be used to brake the load suspension (not shown in more detail), so that if one of the brakes 2 is impaired or fails, a functioning brake 2 can always brake the load suspension.
  • a separate safety device can be dispensed with in the embodiments according to FIGS. 4 to 8.
  • the variants according to FIGS. 4 to 8 have in common that the pinions 7, which are each arranged in pairs as two adjacent pinions 7 on a drive shaft 6, are arranged between two bearings 10 or ball bearings 10.
  • the bending forces acting through the chains 8 are advantageously distributed to the bearings 10, so that no significant bending stresses occur in the area of the brake shaft 15 or the motor shafts 3.
  • a special feature of the variant shown in FIG. 6 is that the two motors 1 are arranged on one side of the axis 9. This variant also makes it possible to implement a modular design for the entire drive unit.
  • the embodiment variant shown in FIG. 7 shows a comparatively large motor 1 on the left side and a comparatively small motor 1 on the right side of the axis 9.
  • the left motor 1 is designed as the main motor 1 and the right motor 1 supports the left motor 1 for example, at full load of the load suspension and / or is advantageously dimensioned such that this smaller motor 1 can move the load suspension in an emergency operation at least to a holding station and / or to an advantageous holding position in the event of a failure of the larger motor 1.
  • an emergency brake 2a is arranged between two brakes 2 and can be used in a special operating case.
  • rotary encoders 16 are provided in particular, these being arranged as examples on the two outer sides of the axis 9 or on the respective motors 1. With the help of the rotary encoder 16, ie in particular by means of an angle encoder 16, the position of the respective shaft 3, 6, 15 can be detected. In this way, in particular a breakage of the shafts 3, 6, 15 and / or an impairment of the pinions 7 or chains 8 can be detected in an advantageous manner.
  • At least one bearing 10 can be provided in an advantageous manner, but without being shown in more detail in the figures, between two, in particular between two drive elements 7 or pinions 7 arranged in pairs. This is advantageous since it significantly reduces the bending stress on the drive shaft 6.
  • the two pairwise cooperating chains' pulling elements 8 and 8 are spaced from each other, so that possibly occurring vibrations of these 8 in operation no contact or no contact.
  • a corresponding bearing 10 can be provided in a particularly simple manner on the drive shaft 6. If the pinion 8 or the like were objected to, comparatively large loads or bending stresses would otherwise occur.
  • the brakes 2 can be designed as simple, for example commercially available and standardized brakes 2.
  • two simple brakes 2 can be designed as a single structural unit (not shown) and / or as a two-circuit safety brake 2 (in a manner not shown). This also corresponds to the two brakes 2 provided according to the invention.
  • further brakes 2 can also be provided.
  • the arranged on a brake shaft 15 Compared to a separate safety device (not shown in more detail), brakes 2 can be designed in a structurally simpler and more cost-effective manner, which in comparison with the prior art, for example with a dual-circuit safety brake and separate safety device, leads to a significant cost reduction in accordance with the invention.
  • the shape flow is designed according to the invention in such a way that a mechanically rigid operative connection between the respective components can be realized.
  • a stop of two components can be provided, each of which has at least one, preferably a plurality of stop surfaces. This is e.g. realized in the pinion 7 with the chain 8 and / or in a claw coupling, a tongue and groove unit, bolt / screw connection or the like.
  • the central arrangement of the brakes 2 advantageously means that the braking torques are not to be passed through the motors 1, which in particular can result in motors 1 without a housing being usable, for example.
  • the motors 1 can be realized as houseless motors 1 with two end flanges in a manner not shown. On the one hand, this improves or reduces the assembly of the motors 1 and the weight of the motors 1. This can lead to the Support structure for receiving the drive brake unit shown in Figures 4 to 8 must absorb lower support forces and can thus be constructed more easily and cost-effectively.
  • a separate, additional safety device can be dispensed with in compliance with the current regulations.
  • one of the separate, independent or redundant brake systems is present or designed as an additional safety system in the event of a failure of one of the systems.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de levage, notamment un ascenseur ou un pont-élevateur, comportant une unité de déplacement (1, 6, 7, 8) destinée au déplacement vertical au moins partiel d'un support de charge. Ladite unité de déplacement (1, 6, 7, 8) comporte au moins un premier moteur d'entraînement (1) présentant un premier arbre moteur (3), notamment un deuxième moteur d'entraînement (1) présentant un deuxième arbre moteur (3), au moins une première unité de freinage (2) disposée sur un premier arbre de freinage (3), une deuxième unité de freinage (2) disposée sur un deuxième arbre de freinage (3), au moins un premier élément d'entraînement (7) tournant autour d'un premier arbre d'entraînement (6), destiné à entraîner au moins un premier élément de traction (8) contraint en traction, et un deuxième élément d'entraînement (7) tournant autour d'un deuxième arbre d'entraînement (6), destiné à entraîner au moins un deuxième de traction (8) contraint en traction. Les éléments de traction (8) sont disposés entre l'arbre d'entraînement (6) et le support de charge. Le dispositif de levage selon l'invention permet de réduire les coûts ou d'augmenter le niveau de sécurité par rapport à des dispositifs de levage habituels. A cet effet, ledit dispositif comporte des éléments destinés à produire une connexion mécanique continue concernant au moins la première et la deuxième unité de freinage (2) et le premier et le deuxième élément d'entraînement (7).
EP04786870A 2003-10-01 2004-09-28 Dispositif de levage, notamment ascenseur ou pont-elevateur Withdrawn EP1667930A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10346177 2003-10-01
PCT/DE2004/002157 WO2005032993A2 (fr) 2003-10-01 2004-09-28 Dispositif de levage, notamment ascenseur ou pont-elevateur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1667930A2 true EP1667930A2 (fr) 2006-06-14

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EP04786870A Withdrawn EP1667930A2 (fr) 2003-10-01 2004-09-28 Dispositif de levage, notamment ascenseur ou pont-elevateur

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20070056804A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1667930A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2007507402A (fr)
CN (1) CN1886324A (fr)
DE (1) DE102004047431A1 (fr)
IL (1) IL174565A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005032993A2 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2005032993A3 (fr) 2005-06-16
IL174565A0 (en) 2006-08-20
US20070056804A1 (en) 2007-03-15
JP2007507402A (ja) 2007-03-29
CN1886324A (zh) 2006-12-27
WO2005032993A2 (fr) 2005-04-14
DE102004047431A1 (de) 2005-04-21

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