Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/70—Web, sheet or filament bases ; Films; Fibres of the matrix type containing drug
  • A61K9/7023—Transdermal patches and similar drug-containing composite devices, e.g. cataplasms
  • A61K9/703—Transdermal patches and similar drug-containing composite devices, e.g. cataplasms characterised by shape or structure; Details concerning release liner or backing; Refillable patches; User-activated patches
  • A61K9/7038—Transdermal patches of the drug-in-adhesive type, i.e. comprising drug in the skin-adhesive layer
  • A61K9/7046—Transdermal patches of the drug-in-adhesive type, i.e. comprising drug in the skin-adhesive layer the adhesive comprising macromolecular compounds
  • A61K9/7053—Transdermal patches of the drug-in-adhesive type, i.e. comprising drug in the skin-adhesive layer the adhesive comprising macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon to carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl, polyisobutylene, polystyrene
  • A61K9/7061—Polyacrylates
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/70—Web, sheet or filament bases ; Films; Fibres of the matrix type containing drug
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
  • A61K31/425—Thiazoles
  • A61K31/428—Thiazoles condensed with carbocyclic rings
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P21/00—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system
  • A61P21/04—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system for myasthenia gravis
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/14—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/14—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
  • A61P25/16—Anti-Parkinson drugs
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/24—Antidepressants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/30—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abuse or dependence
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
  • A61P3/04—Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
  • A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
  • A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
  • A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a transdermal therapeutic system (TTS) for the administration of pramipexole.
• TTS transdermal therapeutic system
• a self-adhesive Pramipexol-TTS which is capable of continuously delivering the active ingredient Pramipexol as a base over a longer period of time, preferably 4 to 7 days, to a person who is dependent on a continuous supply with an effective amount of this active ingredient.
• a transdermal therapeutic system is a layered pharmaceutical dosage form which consists of at least one polymer layer containing an active ingredient and a backing layer which is generally impermeable to the active ingredient.
• the TTS can also contain other layers, often e.g. B. a membrane controlling the rate of release of the active ingredient, ensuring the adhesion of the TTS to the patient's skin
• a TTS is capable of delivering the active ingredient continuously and in a controlled manner to the patient's skin. After passing through the various outer layers of the skin, the active pharmaceutical ingredient is absorbed by the underlying blood vessels. Due to the continuous release, particularly uniform plasma levels are obtained. Transdermal administration also has the advantage of bypassing the gastrointestinal tract.
• the active ingredient pramipexole has the chemical name (S) -2-amino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-6- (propylamino) benzothiazole. Chemically speaking, the active substance is a base. He has the CAS registry number. [104632-26-0] and is considered the first non-ergotic, presynaptic dopamine D2 agonist.
• the active ingredient is available in the form of the hydrochloride as a tablet under the brand names Sifrol ® and Mirapex ® . As such, it is used as a Parkinson's drug and to treat extrapyramidal disorders. Pramipexole is used in idiopathic (without identifiable cause, as it were self-developed) Parkinson's disease both in the early stage and in the advanced stage, here also in combination with levodopa.
• the individual dose that is optimally matched to the effectiveness and tolerability must first be determined for each patient.
• This dose titration is usually carried out at weekly intervals, with an amount of pramipexole hydrochloride corresponding to 0.088 mg of pramipexole base being administered three times a day for the first week.
• an amount of pramipexole hydrochloride equivalent to 0.18 mg of pramipexole base is administered three times a day.
• an amount of pramipexole hydrochloride equivalent to 0.36 mg of pramipexole base is administered three times a day.
• the average daily dose generally corresponds to 1.5 mg of pramipexole hydrochloride, which means that 0.36 mg of pramipexole base is administered orally three times a day.
• Parkinson's disease is a disease of the trunk ganglia that is mainly characterized by movement disorders.
• pramipexole is also used to treat the so-called restless-Ieg syndrome; compare DE 197 01 619 A1, to which reference is made in full.
• transdermal therapeutic systems with the active ingredient pramipexol, in particular its (-) enantiomer, and pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts.
• TTS transdermal therapeutic systems
• EP 428 038 A2 describes transdermal therapeutic systems with an active substance reservoir made from an emulsion-polymerized polyacrylate and 5 to 30% by weight of the active substance pramipexole.
• Eudragit NE 30 D ® from Röhm GmbH Darmstadt is used as the preferred carrier material.
• This product is available in the form of an aqueous dispersion of a copolymer with a neutral character based on ethyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate with a dry matter content of 30%. The average molecular weight is 800,000.
• Films containing active ingredient can be produced from Eudragit NE 30 D ® , but these are not pressure-sensitive adhesives.
• the active substance-containing reservoirs in special embodiments of these TTS have an area of 20 cm 2 , a thickness of 200 ⁇ m and an active substance content of 9% by weight.
• the active substance-containing reservoirs provided with a covering plaster for attachment to the skin were able to deliver a daily dose of about 2.5 mg to two test subjects over a period of 3 or 4 days.
• US Pat. No. 6,465,004 B1 discloses a transdermal therapeutic system which, in addition to the active pharmaceutical ingredient and one or more adhesives, contains cellulose acetate butyrate as a water-insoluble but soluble component. This is an esterified cellulose derivative, which is intended to prevent the crystallization of the active ingredient in the pressure sensitive adhesive.
• Pramipexole is also considered as an active pharmaceutical ingredient. However, it is not disclosed whether a suitably structured pramipexole TTS is suitable for the continuous administration of the active ingredient over a longer period of time, preferably 4 to 7 days.
• German patent application DE 10033 853 A1 discloses transdermal therapeutic systems which, in addition to the active pharmaceutical ingredient (including pramipexole) and a matrix material, contain highly disperse silicon dioxide as a further constituent.
• a pramipexole TTS which is capable of continuously administering an effective amount of this active ingredient over a longer period of time, preferably 4 to 7 days, is not disclosed.
• the object of the present invention is to provide a self-adhesive transdermal therapeutic system (TTS) which - after determining an individual daily dose - continuously releases the active ingredient pramipexole to the patient in the long-term phase of the therapy without the need for oral administration three times a day Tablet is necessary.
• TTS self-adhesive transdermal therapeutic system
• the active ingredient-containing polymer layer or the side of the TTS facing the skin should also be provided with a pressure-sensitive adhesive, so that the use of an additional pressure-sensitive adhesive plaster for fixing on the skin can be dispensed with.
• the administration of a transdermal therapeutic system should preferably take place in a manner which provides the patient with sufficient active substance for a longer period, preferably for 4 to 7 days.
• TTS transdermal therapeutic system
• Such a TTS contains a - preferably active substance-impermeable - backing layer, at least one active substance-containing layer and a protective layer to be removed before use, the active substance-containing layer containing the active substance pramipexole.
• the S - (-) enantiomer, as well as the? - (+) - enantiomer and a - preferably racemic - mixture of these two enantiomers, preferably the S - (-) enantiomer are referred to as pramipexole understand.
• pramipexole can be used as the free base, as a hydrate, solvate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt (e.g. as a hydrochloride) in the at least one Active ingredient-containing layer may be included.
• the use of pramipexole as the S - (-) enantiomer in the form of the free base is particularly preferred.
• the active substance-containing layer also contains a pressure sensitive adhesive which is capable of securely attaching the TTS to a single point on the skin of the user during the entire application period, preferably from 4 to 7 days.
• the TTS can also contain further layers, for example a membrane controlling the rate of release of the active ingredient, at least one additional active ingredient-containing layer, at least one support layer to increase the mechanical stability of the TTS and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer on the side of the TTS facing the skin.
• Pressure sensitive adhesives that are suitable for the layer containing the active substance and, if applicable, the pressure sensitive adhesive layer located on the side of the TTS facing the skin come from the group of silicones, polyisobutylenes and polyacrylates. Polyacrylates (acrylic pressure sensitive adhesives) without carboxyl groups have proven to be particularly suitable.
• Silicone pressure sensitive adhesives e.g. Dow Corning Bio-PSA Q7-4301
• pressure sensitive adhesives based on polyisobutylene / polybutene (PIB / PB) and combinations of styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymers in combination with adhesive resins were also suitable.
• the active substance-containing layer can consist of a single, preferably homogeneous, active substance-containing pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, but can also be composed of two or more layers which differ in the polymer and active substance composition.
• the pressure sensitive adhesive layer can also be built up from a mixture of two or more different pressure sensitive adhesives.
• Polyacrylates are generally produced by polymerizing various monomers (at least one monomer from the group comprising acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid esters and methacrylic acid esters, if appropriate together with vinyl acetate) and in particular from their mixtures.
• Organic solvents in some cases also water, are preferably used as solvents in the polymerization to produce a suitable polyacrylate.
• polyacrylates are obtained which may contain functional groups.
• Polyacrylates with -OH groups (hydroxyl groups) and those with -COOH groups (carboxyl groups) as functional groups are widespread.
• hydroxyl-containing polyacrylates are obtained as the only monomer or as a constituent in the monomer mixture.
• Polyacrylates containing carboxyl groups are formed when acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid are used as the monomer or in the monomer mixture.
• Carboxyl group-free polyacrylates are therefore those which are prepared from a monomeric (meth) acrylic acid derivative or a corresponding monomer mixture without using acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.
• the hydroxyl-containing polyacrylates include, for example, Durotak 2287, the monomer composition of which, according to WO 96/40087, is vinyl acetate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate and glycidyl acrylate and which is manufactured by National Starch.
• This polyacrylate has proven to be a stable and well-tolerated pressure-sensitive polymer for the production of transdermal therapeutic systems.
• pressure-sensitive adhesives from the group of polyacrylates are capable of absorbing pramipexole in a sufficient amount and of fulfilling the desired controlled release requirements over a longer period of preferably 4 to 7 days, which are free of carboxyl groups. It is not necessary to use additives to create pH-controlled conditions on the skin (e.g. a weak acid, a weak base or inorganic or organic salts that form a buffer system on the skin), crystallization inhibitors or highly disperse silicon dioxide in a penetration-promoting amount to add to the matrix.
• These pressure-sensitive adhesives from the group of polyacrylates are produced exclusively by polymerization in an organic solvent or solvent mixture - not in water or an aqueous dispersion.
• Polymers which can be prepared from monomers from the group comprising acrylic acid esters, methacrylic acid esters and mixtures thereof, optionally with additional vinyl acetate, are thus suitable as polyacrylates.
• acrylic acid esters and methacrylic acid esters are those which carry linear, branched or cyclic aliphatic C Ci2 substituents without other functional groups.
• This group includes in particular n-butyl acrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, sec-butyl acrylate, tert-butyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, Isopropyl acrylate and isopropyl methacrylate. 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate and methyl acrylate are particularly preferred.
• acrylic acid esters and methacrylic acid esters which contain functional groups can also be contained in the monomer mixture used to prepare the polyacrylate. These are primarily to be understood as meaning esters containing hydroxyl groups, that is to say 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl acrylate and 3-hydroxypropyl methacrylate. However, substances such as acrylamide, dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, etc. can also be understood as functional groups-containing acrylic acid esters and methacrylic acid esters.
• the proportion of acrylic acid esters and methacrylic acid esters containing such functional groups should be less than or equal to 10% by weight in the monomer mixture.
• the proportion of acrylic acid esters containing functional groups and methacrylic acid esters containing functional groups in the monomer mixture is preferably less than 2% by weight.
• the proportion of functional groups-containing acrylic acid esters and functional group-containing methacrylic acid esters in the monomer mixture is less than 0.2% by weight.
• a monomer mixture which contains no functional groups-containing acrylic acid esters and methacrylic acid esters is particularly preferred.
• vinyl acetate can also be used as a co-monomer together with at least one monomer from the group of acrylic acid esters and methacrylic acid esters for the preparation of the polyacrylate.
• the proportion of vinyl acetate in the monomer mixture used to prepare this polyacrylate should be below 50% by weight, preferably below 25% by weight.
• a vinyl acetate content between 0 and 5% by weight is particularly preferred.
• the proportion of pramipexole in the form of the base in dissolved, emulsified or dispersed form in one of the above-mentioned pressure sensitive adhesives can be below 75% by weight. It is preferably in the range between 2 and 40% by weight, a range between 10 and 25% by weight is particularly preferred.
• the optimal loading of the pressure sensitive adhesive with active ingredient also depends on the special requirements with regard to the release desired in time, the presence of further constituents in the active ingredient-containing pressure sensitive adhesive layer and the physico-chemical conditions that are present as a result. If the active ingredient pramipexole is dispersed in the active ingredient-containing layer, the solid particles of the active ingredient preferably have a size below 20 ⁇ m.
• the transdermal therapeutic systems can contain one or more solvents for improved solution of the active ingredient in the polymer.
• Propylene glycol, butanediol and lauryl lactate are particularly preferred.
• the TTS may contain antioxidants to increase stability, e.g. As ascorbic acid, esters of ascorbic acid, sodium EDTA, bisulfite, etc., which can preferably be contained in a weight fraction up to 1% in the active ingredient-containing layer. Also, storing the TTS in an airtight manner
• a particularly preferred transdermal therapeutic system is capable of delivering pramipexole over a period of 8 hours after application to 72 hours after application with a flux rate above 5 ⁇ g / cm 2 h.
• Pramipexole can be used by means of the transdermal therapeutic system described here for therapeutic treatment or for reducing the symptoms of depression, tremor, ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder), anhedonia, HIV dementia, drug addiction and schizophrenia. It is preferred for the treatment of ALS (amyotrophic lateral scierosis), obesity (obesity), obesity and diabetes, as well as for its neuroprotective effect and its anticonvulsant effect.
• the TTS containing pramipexole is particularly preferably used in the restless leg syndrome and in Parkinson's disease.
• Example 1 A mixture is produced from 10% by weight of pramipexole (as base), 20% by weight of butanediol and 70% by weight of Durotak 2287, which is applied by means of a doctor blade to a backing film which serves as a backing layer after drying.
• pressure-sensitive adhesive layer with a basis weight of 200 g / m 2 is spread. TTS patterns which can be used for in vitro investigations are punched out of the two-layer laminate of backing layer and active ingredient-containing PSA layer obtained in this way.
• Example 2 A mixture is produced from 10% by weight of pramipexole (as base), 20% by weight of butanediol and 70% by weight of Durotak 2287, which is applied by means of a doctor blade to a backing film which serves as a backing layer after drying.
• pressure-sensitive adhesive layer with a basis weight of 200 g / m 2 is spread. TTS patterns which can be used for in vitro investigations are punched out of the two-layer laminate of backing layer and active ingredient
• a TTS consisting of a backing layer and two active substance layers is produced.
• the first active substance-containing layer (reservoir layer) consists of 40% by weight of Pramipexol (base) and 60% by weight of Durotak 2287 and has a weight per unit area of 100 g / m 2 .
• the second active substance-containing layer (pressure-sensitive adhesive layer) consists of 3% by weight of Pramipexol (base) and 97% by weight of Durotak 2287 and has a weight per unit area of 30 g / m 2 .
• TTS patterns for the in vitro examinations are punched out of the laminate thus obtained, which consists of a backing layer, reservoir layer and pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.
• Formulations which contain at least one active ingredient-containing layer with 10 to 40% by weight pramipexole in the form of the base are suitable for continuous transdermal administration of this active ingredient for up to 7 days.
• Adhesives which have carboxyl functions as functional groups in the polymer e.g. Durotak 2051 or Durotak 2353
• i.e. H. which were produced using acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.

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• 2003
  • 2003-07-23 DE DE10333393A patent/DE10333393A1/de not_active Ceased
• 2004
  • 2004-07-14 AU AU2004260583A patent/AU2004260583B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2004-07-14 CA CA002532904A patent/CA2532904A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2004-07-14 BR BRPI0412240-2A patent/BRPI0412240A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2004-07-14 WO PCT/EP2004/007770 patent/WO2005011687A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2004-07-14 KR KR1020067001495A patent/KR20060113638A/ko not_active Ceased
  • 2004-07-14 JP JP2006520736A patent/JP4925823B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-07-14 CN CNB2004800210396A patent/CN100450482C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-07-14 US US10/564,932 patent/US20060182791A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2004-07-14 EP EP04740987A patent/EP1651215A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2006
  • 2006-01-09 ZA ZA200600206A patent/ZA200600206B/en unknown
• 2012
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