EP1636492A1 - Axialkolbenverdichter, insbesondere kompressor für die klimaanlage eines kraftfahrzeuges - Google Patents
Axialkolbenverdichter, insbesondere kompressor für die klimaanlage eines kraftfahrzeugesInfo
- Publication number
- EP1636492A1 EP1636492A1 EP04732313A EP04732313A EP1636492A1 EP 1636492 A1 EP1636492 A1 EP 1636492A1 EP 04732313 A EP04732313 A EP 04732313A EP 04732313 A EP04732313 A EP 04732313A EP 1636492 A1 EP1636492 A1 EP 1636492A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- swivel
- swash plate
- mass
- axial piston
- compressor according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001447 compensatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006262 metallic foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003305 oil spill Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006223 plastic coating Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B27/10—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders
- F04B27/1036—Component parts, details, e.g. sealings, lubrication
- F04B27/1054—Actuating elements
- F04B27/1072—Pivot mechanisms
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B27/10—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders
- F04B27/1036—Component parts, details, e.g. sealings, lubrication
- F04B27/1054—Actuating elements
Definitions
- Axial piston compressor in particular compressor for the air conditioning system of a motor vehicle
- the invention relates to an axial piston compressor, in particular a compressor for the air conditioning system of a motor vehicle, with a housing and a compressor unit arranged in the housing and driven via a drive shaft for the suction and compression of a refrigerant, the compressor unit and a piston running axially back and forth in a cylinder block the piston driving, rotating with the drive shaft swivel plate.
- Such an axial piston compressor is known for example from DE 197 49 727 AI.
- This comprises a housing in which a plurality of axial pistons are arranged in a circular arrangement around a rotating drive shaft.
- the drive force is transmitted from the drive shaft via a driver to an annular swivel disk and from this in turn to the pistons which are translationally displaceable parallel to the drive shaft.
- the annular swivel disk is pivotally mounted on an axially displaceably mounted sleeve on the drive shaft.
- An elongated hole is provided in the sleeve, through which the driver mentioned extends.
- the axial mobility of the sleeve on the drive shaft is thus limited by the dimensions of the elongated hole. Installation takes place by pushing the driver through the slot.
- the drive shaft, driver, sliding sleeve and swivel plate are arranged in a so-called engine room, in which gaseous working medium of the compressor is present at a certain pressure.
- the delivery volume and thus the delivery capacity of the compressor are dependent on the pressure ratio between the suction side and the pressure side of the pistons or accordingly depending on the pressures in the cylinders on the one hand and in the engine room on the other.
- the swivel plate is designed as a swash plate, a non-rotatable receiving plate which is mounted opposite the swash plate being arranged between the swash plate and the pistons.
- the compressors described in these publications include to take measures to avoid or reduce the imbalance of the engine during operation.
- the known constructions have in common that the rotating components are relatively large compared to the translationally moving parts, namely pistons, piston rods, etc. and are accordingly heavy.
- the known constructions have in common that an additional disk acts on the actual swivel disk device by means of a suitable coupling mechanism.
- the plurality of rotating components are intended to cause the swivel disk device to set up a moment in the direction of the minimum stroke, as a result of which the control behavior is influenced.
- pistons i.e. the translational masses as low as possible, i.e. easy to build, for example from aluminum or other materials with lower specific density.
- hollow pistons there is also a proposal to use hollow pistons.
- the resetting torque of the swivel plate device is used for constant control of the delivery rate at changing speeds, since - as already explained - the swivel plate counteracts its inclined position due to the dynamic forces on the rotating part of the disk.
- This behavior can be supported by spring forces or hydraulically, pneumatically or the like, so that as the speed increases, the delivery rate which is increased is at least partially compensated for by resetting the inclined position.
- Mass inertia affects the swivel plate device via a coupling mechanism.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a compressor of the type mentioned at the outset, which optionally has a control behavior
- the desired control behavior of the compressor is therefore primarily not achieved with the component mass, but instead taking into account the moment of inertia of the swivel plate arrangement, which depends on its geometry.
- a core idea of the invention is therefore to compensate for the moment due to translational masses directly, or also to overcompensate for the moment due to rotating masses.
- the set-up torque that is to be generated on a swivel plate device is a function of the speed or the angular velocity ⁇ and the mass moment of inertia J of the swivel plate device:
- the moment of inertia itself is essentially a function of the component mass and the component geometry, for example in the case of a disk determined by the diameter “2r” and the disk thickness or height “h”:
- the moment of inertia is essentially a function of the component density distribution and also the component geometry.
- the component density distribution takes into account, for example, swivel plates made of different materials, namely 2, 3 or more materials or a material with different density distribution (metal foam, heterogeneous material):
- a component center of gravity is preferably located on the drive shaft axis, in particular in the tilting point of the swivel disk device (that is to say then in each case for each tilting angle).
- both the inner diameter and the outer diameter are each designed to a maximum, taking into account the external environmental conditions, the external environmental conditions being predetermined by the size of the engine compartment and, for example, by the necessary sliding and Bearing surface for the sliding blocks of a joint arrangement between the swivel plate or swivel plate ring and the piston.
- the desired mass moment of inertia can also be influenced by a suitable choice of the swash plate thickness.
- Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a swivel plate mechanism according to the invention for an axial piston compressor for vehicle air conditioning systems in a schematic perspective view, the swivel plate in a position for a maximum
- FIG. 2 shows the mechanism according to FIG. 1 in a schematic side view
- FIGS. 1 and 2 shows the swivel plate mechanism corresponding to FIGS. 1 and 2, partly in side view, partly in section;
- FIG. 4 shows the swivel plate mechanism corresponding to FIG. 3 in a side view
- FIG. 5 shows the mechanism of FIGS. 1-4 in a schematic
- FIG. 5 Perspective view, wherein the swivel plate is in a piston minimum stroke position; 6 shows the mechanism according to FIG. 5 in a side view;
- FIGS. 5 and 6 shows the swivel plate mechanism according to FIGS. 5 and 6, partly in side view, partly in section;
- Fig. 9 is a schematic representation of the coordinates of a
- Swivel plate mechanism for calculating the moment of inertia
- Fig. 10 part of a compound swivel ring in cross section and enlarged scale.
- FIG. 1-8 schematically shows a preferred embodiment of a swivel plate mechanism 100 for an axial piston compressor for motor vehicle air conditioning systems.
- This swivel plate mechanism 100 comprises a swivel plate 107 which is adjustable in its inclination to a drive shaft 104, rotatably driven by the drive shaft, in the present case ring-shaped swivel plate 107, both with a slide sleeve 108 mounted axially displaceably on the drive shaft 104 and with a spaced apart from it
- Drive shaft 104 is pivotally connected to this rotating support element 109.
- This articulated connection is designed as an axial support, as can be seen particularly well in FIGS. 2-4 and 5-8.
- the pivot bearing of the pivot ring 107 defines a pivot axis 101 extending transversely to the drive shaft 104.
- This pivot axis 101 is specifically defined by two bearing pins mounted on both sides of the sliding sleeve 108 on the same axis. These bearing bolts are mounted in radial bores of the swivel ring 107.
- the sliding sleeve can additionally have bearing sleeves on both sides, which bridge the annular space between the sliding sleeve 108 and the swivel ring 107. This construction also largely corresponds to the prior art according to DE 197 49 727 AI.
- the support element 109 is an integral part of a disk 112 which rotates with the drive shaft 104, specifically a circular segment which is raised in relation to the disk.
- the support surface of the arch 110 extends approximately concentrically to the center of the joint arrangement which is effective between the piston and the swivel plate or swivel ring 107 and which comprises sliding blocks in the form of spherical segments.
- the axial support is therefore effective outside the aforementioned joint arrangement, with the result that the joint arrangement, which is effective between the piston and the swivel plate or swivel ring, is not impaired by axial support measures. This applies in particular to the dimensioning of the aforementioned joint arrangement.
- the swivel bearing of the swivel plate or swivel ring 107 is used only for torque transmission and the support element 109 only for axial support of the pistons or gas force support.
- the torque transmission is therefore decoupled from the axial support of the swivel ring 107.
- the swivel ring is in an inclined position for maximum piston stroke.
- 5-8 show the swivel ring in a position for a minimum piston stroke.
- FIGS. 4 and 8 in continuation of the support surface of the support arch 110 show that the support surface of the support arch 110 describes an arc. This can be deliberately deviated from if necessary in order to compensate for a predetermined “offset” of the support of the support arch 109 from the longitudinal axis of the piston when the inclination of the swivel ring 107 changes.
- the support arch 110 can either be an integral component of the swivel ring 107 or, according to FIGS. 3 and 7, be rigidly connected to the swivel ring 107 as a separate component.
- the last-mentioned embodiment has the advantage that the swivel ring can be ground precisely on both flat sides, with the consequence of a correspondingly high parallelism of the two opposite running surfaces for the above-mentioned sliding blocks of an articulated arrangement which is effective between the piston and the swivel ring.
- the support arch 110 is also to be used for torque transmission, it preferably extends into a corresponding trough on the side of the support element 109 facing the support arch 110.
- the trough is then preferably designed as a radial groove.
- the swivel ring 107 is preferably balanced in such a way that the center of gravity lies in the so-called tipping point.
- a balance weight 114 can be provided relative to the drive shaft 104 diametrically to the support arch 110, as is shown only by way of example in FIG. 3.
- the geometry and / or swivel plate or swivel ring 107 or the swivel path portion thereof is selected such that the centrifugal forces which occur when the swivel ring is rotated are sufficient to consciously counteract the swivel movement of the swivel ring and thus counteract the piston stroke and thus influencing the delivery rate, in particular reducing or limiting it.
- the swivel plate is designed as a swivel ring.
- the center of gravity should preferably coincide with the tipping point (tilting joint) of the swivel ring.
- the outside and inside diameters of the swivel ring 107 are determined by the diameter of the sliding blocks, which are part of a joint arrangement that is effective between the piston and the swivel ring.
- the aforementioned diameters are chosen so that the sliding blocks lie essentially on the flat sides of the swivel ring, in such a way that they protrude only slightly beyond the outer or inner diameter of the swivel ring even when the swivel ring is extremely inclined.
- both the inside and outside radius of the swivel ring should be maximum, the outside diameter of course also being limited by the inside diameter of the housing, which limits the engine room.
- the above-mentioned support arch 110 is negligible in terms of its mass compared to the other parts of the swivel ring. It only has to be taken into account with regard to any imbalance, e.g. by arranging counterweights with compensatory effects.
- the pistons used in the engine according to the invention have a mass of about 30 g to 90 g, preferably 35 g to 50 g.
- they consist of aluminum or an aluminum alloy (with or without plastic coating) or of a plastic composite.
- the use of steel, Cast steel or gray cast iron for the pistons is also conceivable. The consequence is, of course, that the piston masses increase.
- a combination of metal and plastic is also conceivable.
- the inner radius “r” of the swivel ring 107 is in the range from 12 mm to 22 mm.
- the outer radius “r a ” of the swivel ring 107 is approximately 34 mm to 42 mm.
- the pistons lie on a pitch circle diameter "r m " in the range between 24 mm and 34 mm.
- the height "h" of the swivel ring 107 is in the range from 8 mm to 20 mm, preferably in the range between 14 mm to 16 mm.
- the material used for the production of the swivel ring 107 should preferably have a density of greater than 7 g / cm 3 , in particular greater than 8 g / cm 3 .
- the swivel ring preferably consists of at least two materials in order to achieve optimal mass inertia.
- Such a compound swivel ring is shown schematically in FIGS. 3 and 7, the inner ring being identified by 107i and the outer ring by 107a.
- the outer ring 107a is preferably made of a higher density material.
- FIG. 10 shows an alternative construction which is characterized in that the outer part ring 107a made of heavy material, ie material of higher density, such as lead or the like, is located within an outer circumferential groove 113 of the inner part ring 107i. which is made of wear-resistant steel, for example.
- Torque due to the mass force of the pistons ß, ⁇ + 2 ⁇ (i-1) - n
- V volume of the swivel ring ßi angular position of the piston i zi acceleration of the piston i
- the moment due to the moment of installation of the swivel plate or the swivel ring i.e. the moment of deviation is greater than / equal to the moment due to the mass forces of all pistons, i.e. the following relationship applies:
- the construction according to the invention is intended to mechanically limit the delivery rate of an axial piston compressor when the speed is increased.
- the ideal case would, of course, be a constant control, the constant control being a sub-case of the mechanical limitation aimed at according to the invention caused by geometry and torque distribution.
- the design preferably refers to the quotient "J / m” in general, and preferably specifically to the ratio "J y / m k , tot ", that is, to the quotient from the inertia of the swivel plate or swivel ring in the Reference to the y-axis according to FIG. 9 and the total piston masses.
- This quotient can be used as an alternative to the aforementioned measures or in parallel to the design of the construction and thus to achieve a desired control behavior.
- Overcompensation can also be of interest, especially when compensating for the change in delivery rate due to speed changes.
- J y2 «J z straight-edged - Jy
- J yz is supposed to be large
- J 2 is actually the more important quantity.
- J y can only be used as a reference value because the above relationship J z ⁇ 2 J y applies.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10327275 | 2003-06-17 | ||
| DE10329393A DE10329393A1 (de) | 2003-06-17 | 2003-06-30 | Axialkolbenverdichter, insbesondere Kompressor für de Klimaanlage eines Kraftfahtzeuges |
| PCT/EP2004/005106 WO2004111451A1 (de) | 2003-06-17 | 2004-05-12 | Axialkolbenverdichter, insbesondere kompressor für die klimaanlage eines kraftfahrzeuges |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1636492A1 true EP1636492A1 (de) | 2006-03-22 |
| EP1636492B1 EP1636492B1 (de) | 2008-07-09 |
Family
ID=33553465
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04732313A Expired - Lifetime EP1636492B1 (de) | 2003-06-17 | 2004-05-12 | Axialkolbenverdichter, insbesondere kompressor für die klimaanlage eines kraftfahrzeuges |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20070137474A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1636492B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP4640656B2 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2004111451A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7444921B2 (en) | 2006-08-01 | 2008-11-04 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Swash ring compressor |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4077269A (en) * | 1976-02-26 | 1978-03-07 | Lang Research Corporation | Variable displacement and/or variable compression ratio piston engine |
| US4815358A (en) * | 1988-01-27 | 1989-03-28 | General Motors Corporation | Balanced variable stroke axial piston machine |
| US4836090A (en) * | 1988-01-27 | 1989-06-06 | General Motors Corporation | Balanced variable stroke axial piston machine |
| JP2560776B2 (ja) * | 1988-03-11 | 1996-12-04 | 日本電装株式会社 | 可変容量式斜板型圧縮機 |
| JP2892718B2 (ja) * | 1989-11-17 | 1999-05-17 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 可変容量形圧縮機 |
| JP3417652B2 (ja) * | 1994-04-21 | 2003-06-16 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | 容量可変型斜板式圧縮機 |
| JPH10246181A (ja) * | 1997-02-28 | 1998-09-14 | Toyota Autom Loom Works Ltd | 可変容量型圧縮機 |
| JP3832012B2 (ja) * | 1997-03-31 | 2006-10-11 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | 可変容量型圧縮機 |
| DE19749727C2 (de) * | 1997-11-11 | 2001-03-08 | Obrist Engineering Gmbh Lusten | Hubkolbenmaschine mit Schwenkscheibengetriebe |
| DE19981701D2 (de) * | 1998-09-02 | 2001-10-18 | Luk Fahrzeug Hydraulik | Axialkolbenmaschine |
| DE19839914A1 (de) * | 1998-09-02 | 2000-03-09 | Luk Fahrzeug Hydraulik | Axialkolbenmaschine |
-
2004
- 2004-05-12 WO PCT/EP2004/005106 patent/WO2004111451A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2004-05-12 JP JP2006515770A patent/JP4640656B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-05-12 US US10/560,996 patent/US20070137474A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-05-12 EP EP04732313A patent/EP1636492B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2004111451A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2006527805A (ja) | 2006-12-07 |
| US20070137474A1 (en) | 2007-06-21 |
| JP4640656B2 (ja) | 2011-03-02 |
| EP1636492B1 (de) | 2008-07-09 |
| WO2004111451A1 (de) | 2004-12-23 |
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