EP1604441A1 - Systeme de protection contre la surcharge d'un moteur electrique - Google Patents

Systeme de protection contre la surcharge d'un moteur electrique

Info

Publication number
EP1604441A1
EP1604441A1 EP04716556A EP04716556A EP1604441A1 EP 1604441 A1 EP1604441 A1 EP 1604441A1 EP 04716556 A EP04716556 A EP 04716556A EP 04716556 A EP04716556 A EP 04716556A EP 1604441 A1 EP1604441 A1 EP 1604441A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching element
electric motor
connection
arrangement according
designed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04716556A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Bielesch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle Behr GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Behr GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Behr GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Behr GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1604441A1 publication Critical patent/EP1604441A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
    • H02H7/085—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load
    • H02H7/0852—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load directly responsive to abnormal temperature by using a temperature sensor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H02K11/25—Devices for sensing temperature, or actuated thereby
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K23/00—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors
    • H02K23/66—Structural association with auxiliary electric devices influencing the characteristic of, or controlling, the machine, e.g. with impedances or switches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for protection against overload of an electric motor, in particular an electrically driven fan blower for a vehicle.
  • fan blowers In vehicles, in particular internal combustion engines, electrically operated fan blowers are used to cool the internal combustion engines. This enables targeted control and regulation of the heat balance of the internal combustion engine.
  • the fan blower or the fan is usually operated in one or more speed levels. Usually the fan in the maximum speed level is connected directly to a battery supply for supply with full battery voltage without additional series resistors.
  • an on-board electrical system fuse is generally provided. This is also used to protect the fan against a possible fire due to overload, for example if the fan blocks at the maximum speed.
  • the air-conditioning are connected in the field to protect against over- temperatures reversible thermal circuit breaker in the circuit of the thermal components in question, whereby in case of failure, ie, over-temperature, current flow 'is interrupted in this circuit.
  • the thermal protection switch is designed as a break contact. As the thermal protection switch is known to be designed to be reversible, it is switched on again when the temperature falls below the critical temperature. by virtue of Due to the restricted functional and temperature range and the high current load, such circuit breakers can only be used to a limited extent in the motor cooling area.
  • the invention is therefore 'the object of the invention to provide an arrangement for protecting against overload of an electric motor, which effects a sufficiently good protection without that a protection is prematurely and unintentionally triggered.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention by an arrangement for protecting against overloading an electric motor, in particular an electrically driven fan blower for a vehicle, the electric motor being provided with a multi-pole connection, of which two connecting elements are assigned to a switching element which, in parallel with the electric motor, makes thermal contact therewith is switched so that the relevant switching element is triggered in the event of excess temperatures.
  • the invention is based on the consideration that in the event of overtemperature in one of the electric motors, for example due to stiffness or due to blocking of a fan driven by the electric motor due to the penetration of a foreign body, there is considerable thermal stress, in particular excessive Warming can occur, which consequently leads to an increase in the internal resistance of the electric motor.
  • a fuse arranged in the circuit of the electric motor does not respond due to the current flow limited by the increased internal resistance. Therefore, according to the invention, the electric motor is provided with a multi-pole connection, of which two connection elements are assigned to a switching element which is connected in a thermally contacting manner parallel to the electric motor.
  • Such an integration of a switching element directly on the electric motor, in particular at a point at which the highest temperatures can occur during operation or in the event of a blockage, and an assignment of connection elements is, in addition to a particularly simple and inexpensive one Contacting and, as a result, particularly precise and rapid triggering in the event of overheating and thus, in the event of a fault, particularly simple and adequately good monitoring and plausibility check of the triggering of the switching element are made possible. That is, by the critical temperatures directly causing the temperature increase
  • the multipole connection is expediently designed as a plug-in or cable connection.
  • the multi-pin connection is designed as a 3-pin plug connection or, analogously, in an alternative embodiment as a 3-wire cable connection.
  • an associated motor connection can be made as standard using a plug or a corresponding cable connection.
  • the switching element can be designed as an opener, closer or changeover switch.
  • the switching element can be designed as an opener, closer or changeover switch.
  • Switching element designed as an opener and connected between the positive or negative connection element and a further connection element of the multi-pole connection.
  • This enables a particularly simple and inexpensive circuit, one of the switch contacts of the switching element being connected directly to the negative or negative connection element of the electric motor.
  • one of the switch contacts of the switching element is connected directly to the positive or positive connection element of the electric motor.
  • the second switch contact is connected in both cases - connection to negative pole or positive pole - with another, e.g. a medium one
  • connection element of a 3-pin connection of the electric motor connected This contact or this middle connection element can expediently be designed for low currents compared to the connection elements which also serve as motor connections.
  • the switching element designed as an opener in a further preferred embodiment it can also be designed as a changeover switch.
  • the switching element is preferably connected on the voltage side between the positive and the negative connection element of the multi-pole connection and is connected on the circuit side to a further connection element, for example a middle connection element of the multi-pole connection.
  • the multi-pole connection can be designed in different ways.
  • the multi-pole connection can preferably be designed as a 3-pole (or 3-core) connection.
  • the connection can be designed as a 2-pin connection (or 2-wire) with an additional contact or an additional cable, the additional contact being used to detect overloading of the electric motor.
  • the switching element is expediently designed as a temperature-dependent component.
  • the switching element can be used as a thermal protection switch, in particular as a bimetal strip, as a semiconductor component, e.g. a TEMPFET, or as a temperature-dependent resistor.
  • a thermal protection switch in particular as a bimetal strip
  • a semiconductor component e.g. a TEMPFET
  • a temperature-dependent resistor e.g. a temperature-dependent resistor.
  • Other alternative electronic or mechanical components with corresponding temperature-dependent characteristics such as PTC resistors or semiconductor switches, can also be used as switching elements.
  • the switching element is integrated in the electric motor for a particularly safe and simple detection of excess temperatures on the electric motor.
  • at least one interference suppression element e.g. a capacitor switched.
  • the switching element is on a
  • Brush plate of the electric motor arranged. This ensures a sufficiently good thermal contact and thus the best possible heat transfer. gear. to identify the " excess temperatures and thus the overload on the electric motor.
  • such an arrangement of the switching element on the brush plate takes up little installation space and is therefore particularly simple and can be introduced into existing free spaces and can therefore be easily retrofitted.
  • the switching element is preferably designed such that it is triggered at a temperature of greater than 50 ° C., in particular in a range from 50 ° C. to 220 ° C., preferably in a range from 150 ° C. to 210 ° C. In other words: for a simple design of the switching element, it is sufficient that its tolerance ranges for triggering are in the upper, critical temperature range of the electric motor.
  • a fuse element is expediently provided for switching off a circuit feeding the electric motor when a critical limit value of, for example, 60 A is exceeded.
  • a fuse element for current-dependent triggering can be provided in a second stage.
  • the circuit for power supply to the electric motor is interrupted when a critical current value of, for example, greater than 60 A is exceeded.
  • an interference suppression capacitor can expediently be connected in parallel with the switching element. Depending on the requirements, other interference suppressors can also be used.
  • a check 'closing element is at least connected to a motor supply line with a feedback line.
  • the connection element of a motor supply line can be connected to a feedback line via a decoupling element, for example a diode.
  • a switching element for example a relay for switching from one speed level to another, can also be provided for speed-dependent control of the electric motor.
  • the switchover element is preferably also connected to a feedback line.
  • several electric motors can also be connected in series or in parallel.
  • a switching element is expediently assigned to each electric motor, the switching elements being able to trip independently of one another. If, in the event of a fault, only one of the electric motors switches off automatically by means of the associated switching element and its downstream, separate monitoring, the other electric motor can continue to be operated as intended, preferably at an increased speed, to increase the cooling and thus the air output.
  • the advantages achieved by the invention are, in particular, that in the event of a short-circuit of an electric motor caused, for example, by excess temperatures, the integration of a switching element that thermally contacts the electric motor in the electric motor itself enables detection and monitoring of the critical temperatures directly at the heat source.
  • an electric motor e.g. a fan or blower
  • assigned switching element and its connection to a multi-pole, e.g. A 3-pin connection of the electric motor is a separate monitoring and thus safe and accurate shutdown of the faulty
  • FIG. 2 schematically further embodiments for an arrangement for protection against overload of an electric motor with a two-stage speed control
  • Fig. 4 schematically shows an embodiment of an arrangement for protection against overload for two interconnected electric motors in series / parallel connection
  • Fig. 5 schematically shows an example of an installation location of the switching element in the electric motor.
  • FIG. 1A shows a circuit for an arrangement 1 for protecting (hereinafter, in short, protective arrangement 1) against overload of an electric motor 2.
  • the electric motor 2 is, for example, a drive for a fan, not shown, or a blower of a vehicle, not shown for ventilation of an internal combustion engine of the vehicle, not shown.
  • the protective arrangement 1 comprises a switching element 4 which is connected in parallel to the electric motor 2.
  • a multi-pole, for example a 3-pole connection 6 with three connection elements 6a to 6c is provided.
  • the two outer connection elements 6a and 6c serve, among other things, to supply voltage to the electric motor 2, one of the outer connection elements 6a representing the plus connection and the other outer connection element representing the minus connection.
  • this can be designed as a plug or cable connection.
  • With a 3-pin connection this can also be designed as a 2-pin connection with an additional contact or as standard as a 3-pin connection.
  • a conventional motor plug-in connection with 2 contacts or connections can thus also be supplemented with the monitoring function of the switching element 4 described below by adding the additional contact.
  • the switching element 4 is integrated directly in the drive or electric motor 2.
  • the switching element 4 is attached directly to the electric motor 2, for example at a suitable location, in particular directly in the vicinity of a place where the heat is generated in the event of a fault.
  • the switching element 4 is arranged, for example, on the component side of a brush plate (not shown) of the electric motor 2.
  • the switching element 4 can also be attached at another location that is safely suitable for thermal tripping.
  • the switching element 4 is preferably designed as a temperature-dependent component, e.g. as a reversible thermal protection switch, for example in the form of a bimetal strip.
  • the switching element 4 is designed as a two-way switch 8.
  • the changeover switch 8 is connected on the voltage side to the two outer connection elements 6a and 6c of the multipole connection 6.
  • the changeover switch 8 is connected to the middle connection element 6b. Due to the fact that the middle connection element 6b is only occupied on the circuit side, it can be designed for low currents.
  • FIGS. 1B and 1C show alternative embodiments for the switching element 4 and its circuitry connection to the connection 6 of the electric motor 2.
  • the switching element 4 is each designed as an opener 10.
  • the switching element 4 can also be designed as a make contact in a manner not shown in detail. Only the interconnection of the switching element 4 with the connection 6 of the electric motor 2 is different.
  • the switching element 4 is connected between the middle connection element 6b and the outer, for example serving as a negative connection, negative connection element 6c.
  • FIG. 1C the switching element 4 is connected between the middle connection element 6b and the outer positive connection element 6a, which serves as a positive connection.
  • 1D and 1 E show further exemplary embodiments for the switching element 4, for example in the form of a temperature-dependent semiconductor element 11, for example an electronic component such as a TEMPFET, which can be designed with or without an additional circuit, or a temperature-dependent resistor 9, for example PTC resistor.
  • a temperature-dependent semiconductor element 11 for example an electronic component such as a TEMPFET, which can be designed with or without an additional circuit, or a temperature-dependent resistor 9, for example PTC resistor.
  • excess temperatures can occur.
  • the critical temperature ⁇ is around 180 ° C depending on the application.
  • This excess temperature on the electric motor 2 means that the internal resistance Ri of the electric motor 2 falls below a tripping current required to trip a conventional fuse, for example a limit value of 60 A, which in turn results in a considerable thermal load.
  • the switching element 4 is for example designed such that due to its thermally contacting arrangement with the electric motor 2 is a triggering at a temperature ⁇ & greater than 50 ° C, in particular in a range from 50 ° C to 220 ° C, preferably in a range of 150 ° G to 210 ° C, whereby the voltage supply to the electric motor 2 is interrupted when the switching element 4 is triggered.
  • a triggering at a temperature ⁇ & greater than 50 ° C in particular in a range from 50 ° C to 220 ° C, preferably in a range of 150 ° G to 210 ° C, whereby the voltage supply to the electric motor 2 is interrupted when the switching element 4 is triggered.
  • FIG. 2 shows a circuit example of an arrangement 1 for protecting the electric motor 2, which is operated, for example, for a multi-stage fan system with several speed stages Sn, for example for two speed stages S1 and S2.
  • the two outer connection elements 6a and 6c of the multi-pole, in particular 3-pole connection 6 serve to supply voltage to the electric motor 2 and are connected via a positive line 12 to the positive pole "+" of a battery, not shown, and via a negative line 14 to the negative pole "-" connected to the battery.
  • the switching element 4 is designed as a break contact 10 and is connected between the outer connection element 6c and the middle connection element 6b, also called the connection of the electric motor 2.
  • the switching element 4 is connected in series to the parallel to one another via the connection or the middle connecting element 6b.
  • the speed levels S1 and S2 each include a relay R1 or R2 and an associated switch SS1 or SS2 as a switching element U.
  • the respective relay R1 or R2 is controlled via the associated switch SS1 or SS2, as a result of which the associated high-current switch HS1 or HS2 is switched for the respective speed level S1 or S2.
  • a feedback line 16 (also called a monitoring line) can be arranged parallel to the speed stages S1 and S2 in series with the switching element 4 immediately after the output of the middle connection element 6b.
  • the feedback line 16 is connected, for example, to an input of an engine and / or battery control unit in a manner not shown in detail.
  • one of the switches SS1 or SS2 for the speed stage S1 or S2 of the electric motor 2 is actuated, so that the electric motor 2 is started.
  • the control current for the relevant relay R1 or R2 flows in a circuit K from the positive line 12 via an on-board electrical system fuse 18 which may be connected in the positive line 12, via the relevant relay R1 or R2 and via the switching element 4 to the negative line 14.
  • the monitoring - or feedback line 16 for the switching element 4 is thus at negative potential.
  • the switching element 4 thermally contacting the electric motor 2 is triggered. This means that the circuit K is interrupted, so that both relays R1 and R2 drop out and interrupt the main circuit H. With the interruption of the circuit K by the switching element 4, the feedback line 16 is set to plus potential.
  • the switching element 4 is preferably provided with a switching hysteresis for tolerance ranges.
  • the resistor R of the first fan stage can additionally be protected by a microtemperature fuse MTS connected in series with the resistor R.
  • a connected motor controller can now, for example, control the electric motor 2 on the basis of the positive potential present, the error message for increased temperature ⁇ of the electric motor 2 being simultaneously output and possibly displayed.
  • the system can be automatically reset to its original state, if necessary, after correcting the fault and / or cooling the electric motor 2 appropriately.
  • FIG. 3 shows an alternative embodiment for the arrangement 1, wherein the feedback line 16 is connected to the outer connection element 6a.
  • the status of the drive or electric motor 2 can be queried indirectly or in addition to the connection to the middle connection element 6b. That By means of such a circuit arrangement it can be checked whether the electric motor 2 is supplied with voltage or whether an error due to excess temperature has been triggered on the electric motor 2.
  • the triggering of this fuse element 18 can be indirectly monitored by means of the feedback line 16 by switching it immediately after the output of the outer connection element 6a and parallel to a fuse element 18 serving as an on-board electrical system fuse.
  • the electric motor 2 is provided with two speed stages S1 and S2 and the associated control by means of the relays R1 or R2 and the switches SS1 or SS2 and the high current switches HS1 or HS2.
  • FIG. 4 shows another application.
  • two identical or similar drive or electric motors 2 are provided for a ventilation system.
  • the electric motors 2 are connected in series or in parallel. That is, to operate such a two-stage fan system for the internal combustion engine at different speed levels Sn, the two electric motors 2 can be switched in series for a minimum speed in speed level S1 and in parallel for a maximum speed in speed level S2 by means of a switching element U.
  • the on-board electrical system fuse 18 is connected in series with the electric motors 2.
  • each electric motor 2 is provided with an associated switching element 4. If both electric motors 2 are now blocked, the switching element 4 whose electric motor 2 is connected to the negative line 14 responds due to rising temperatures 3 in the case of the series connection of the two electric motors 2 in the speed stage S1. As a result, the circuit K is interrupted by the two relays R1 and R2 of the speed levels S1 and S2.
  • Diodes 20 are provided for decoupling the two switching elements 4. In a preferred type of application, these diodes 20 can also be integrated in the electric motors 2 and connected to any switching element 4, as described in FIGS. 1A to 1E. Furthermore, the required diodes 20 can be integrated directly in the relay R1 or R2 or other control devices in another application. Depending on the type and structure, an interference suppression element 22, for example an interference suppression capacitor, can also be connected in parallel with the respective switching element 4. As already described in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, an additional Liehe feedback line 16, the function of the system is monitored and queried indirectly.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of a possible installation location of the switching element 4 on the electric motor 2.
  • the switching element 4 is arranged, for example, on a carrier plate 24 (also called a brush plate) of the electric motor 2.
  • a carrier plate 24 also called a brush plate
  • the switching element 4 is therefore attached directly to the electric motor 2, for example at a suitable location, in particular directly in the vicinity of a place where the heat is generated in the event of a fault.
  • R1, R2 relays

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)

Abstract

Pour assurer une protection suffisamment efficace de plusieurs moteurs électriques, même en montage en série, il est prévu, selon l'invention, un système de protection (1) contre la surcharge d'un moteur électrique (2), notamment d'un ventilateur à commande électrique de véhicule. Le moteur électrique (2) est muni d'une connexion tripolaire dont deux éléments de connexion sont associés à un élément de commutation (4), qui est couplé en parallèle au moteur électrique (2), établissant un contact thermique avec ce dernier, de sorte qu'en cas d'élévation de la température, il y ait un déclenchement de l'élément de commutation (4), notamment une déconnexion du moteur électrique (2) concerné, par connexion correspondante.
EP04716556A 2003-03-10 2004-03-03 Systeme de protection contre la surcharge d'un moteur electrique Withdrawn EP1604441A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10310718 2003-03-10
DE10310718 2003-03-10
PCT/EP2004/002131 WO2004082092A1 (fr) 2003-03-10 2004-03-03 Systeme de protection contre la surcharge d'un moteur electrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1604441A1 true EP1604441A1 (fr) 2005-12-14

Family

ID=32892066

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04716556A Withdrawn EP1604441A1 (fr) 2003-03-10 2004-03-03 Systeme de protection contre la surcharge d'un moteur electrique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20060087774A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1604441A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102004010959A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004082092A1 (fr)

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KR20210017838A (ko) * 2019-08-09 2021-02-17 현대모비스 주식회사 구동모터용 환형터미널 유닛의 온도센서 조립구조 및 이의 조립방법
CN110752587B (zh) * 2019-10-28 2022-03-15 迅达（中国）电梯有限公司 电梯变频器igbt模块短路保护装置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20060087774A1 (en) 2006-04-27
WO2004082092A1 (fr) 2004-09-23
DE102004010959A1 (de) 2004-09-23

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