EP1599071A2 - Eléments chauffants émettant des radiations comprenant des feuilles de graphite ou des structures en feuilles laminées de graphite - Google Patents

Eléments chauffants émettant des radiations comprenant des feuilles de graphite ou des structures en feuilles laminées de graphite Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1599071A2
EP1599071A2 EP05010734A EP05010734A EP1599071A2 EP 1599071 A2 EP1599071 A2 EP 1599071A2 EP 05010734 A EP05010734 A EP 05010734A EP 05010734 A EP05010734 A EP 05010734A EP 1599071 A2 EP1599071 A2 EP 1599071A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
graphite
heating elements
heating
radiant
sheets
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05010734A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1599071A3 (fr
Inventor
Walter Dr.-Ing. Thiele
Wulf Ing. Pries
Peter Dipl.-Ing. Hoffmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SGL Carbon SE
Original Assignee
SGL Carbon SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SGL Carbon SE filed Critical SGL Carbon SE
Publication of EP1599071A2 publication Critical patent/EP1599071A2/fr
Publication of EP1599071A3 publication Critical patent/EP1599071A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/145—Carbon only, e.g. carbon black, graphite
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/003—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using serpentine layout

Definitions

  • the invention relates to radiant heaters made of marble, granite, marbled Limestone or other natural stones, ceramics, glass or their combinations with heating elements made of graphite foils or graphite laminate plates.
  • the Equipment with such heating elements results in improved Energy efficiency, longer life, reduced manufacturing costs, increased Heating rate and reduced electromagnetic Radiation emissions.
  • Radiant heaters especially natural stone
  • These have on the back of an electric heating arrangement, which the Heated jet body, which has a high heat storage capacity .. Im For the most part, a convective one is eliminated compared to conventional wall heaters Circulation of the air, creating a pleasant and healthy indoor climate optimum humidity is created.
  • these heaters also have an aesthetic value and fulfill decorative purposes in the house at the same time.
  • Another popular application of Radiant heating is the preparation of food, such as when grilling or for pizza baking.
  • EP 1 182 406 describes a radiant heater made of natural stone with on Back in channels meandering or spirally inserted and glued Heat conductors. For this, however, first in the relatively expensive and brittle Natural stone material can be milled into which the heating conductors laid become. Then the channels are filled with marble cement.
  • a natural stone radiation heating can also be carried out in this way be that a laminated heating mat on the back of the Radiation body is attached.
  • CTE thermal Expansion coefficients
  • heating mats which consists of a combination of mostly metallic wires or thin ones Sheets with one or more plastic films and other insulating Materials exist.
  • the term heating mat is in the sense of Description of the invention in general a flexible planar structure understand, which acts as electrical resistance heating.
  • Insulating the heat conductor creates an extremely high Heat transfer resistance, which leads to high losses during heat transfer leads the radiation body.
  • these losses are further increased by the poor contact of the heating mats with the surface of the radiation body.
  • the object is achieved in that one for Radiant heaters an electrically conductive heating element made of graphite foils or Graphite laminate plates used for heating the jet body.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side sectional view of a radiant heater, the embodiment of which according to the invention is described below.
  • a radiation body 1 made of natural stone is used, which is at least 0.5 cm and at most 10 cm thick. It can be marble, granite or marbled limestone.
  • the essential characteristics of this natural stone heating result from the fact that this high-quality and carefully selected natural stones are used. This makes every natural stone heater a stylish unique.
  • marble is defined differently. In geological science marble is a metamorphic rock transformed from limestone. In the construction industry, in commerce and in the vernacular every solid and therefore polishable limestone is called marble.
  • the "real", that is, the metamorphic marble is formed by contact or regional metamorphosis of limestone.
  • Crystalline marble is in most cases coarsely crystalline, sugar-crystalline, translucent in plates, more fossil and has no voids, the marbled limestone being finely crystalline and not translucent, occasionally containing cavities and often fossils.
  • meandering graphite heating elements 2 consisting of graphite foils or graphite laminate plates, which are produced from natural graphite. This is converted by the incorporation of foreign ions into so-called storage or intercalation compounds.
  • the thermal decomposition of the intercalation compounds produces expanded, voluminous graphite flakes, which are rolled into flexible films without the addition of a binder or pressed into sheets and molds.
  • This material marketed by the SGL Carbon Group under the brand name ®SIGRAFLEX, has exceptional properties. Particularly important are the anisotropy of the electrical and thermal conductivity, the temperature resistance and the reflection of heat radiation.
  • Graphite sheets or graphite laminate sheets can be used as standard in air up to 400 ° C and under protective gas atmosphere up to more than 3000 ° C, are excellent temperature change resistant, have smooth reflective surfaces, have excellent chemical resistance, are very light and have a low heat storage capacity. When used as Edelleiterermaterial their small thickness allows extremely short heating and cooling cycles. In particular, the graphite foils can be very easily edited by cutting, punching, embossing or similar methods.
  • Graphite laminate panels are made from 2 layers of graphite foil with one core Sheet metal or wire mesh made for mechanical reinforcement.
  • Graphite sheets and many types of graphite laminate sheets are very easy to handle to edit. For cutting or punching can be similar tools and Use devices as for processing cardboard boxes.
  • graphite sheets and Graphitlaminatplatten collectively referred to as graphite heating elements.
  • Graphite heating elements are very thin because of their high anisotropy have a very high conductivity within the layer plane and in the Unlike heating elements made of a metal-plastic laminate the complete Material cross-section for passing the electrical current and simultaneously used for the distribution of heat.
  • the thickness of the graphite foils used is only 0.15 mm to 0.5 mm and the graphite laminate plates 0.5 mm to 2 mm.
  • the resulting extremely short heating and cooling cycles can be very quickly a perfectly adjustable temperature-steady state to reach.
  • the heating time is primarily determined by the thermal conductivity of the material Radiation body determined. It lies about for a temperature difference of 70 ° C (20 ° C - 90 ° C) for a marble slab of 30 mm thickness at about 30 min.
  • the graphite heating elements 2 shown in FIG. 1 are made meander-shaped for optimal utilization of the heating power with little use of heating conductor material.
  • the geometric design of the Graphitterrorismense can be made very diverse due to the ease of processing.
  • the graphite heating elements can be produced, for example, with relief, mesh, slot, serpentine or hole structures.
  • hole structures can be incorporated, which holes or Recesses for subsequent attachment of additional units, panels or Release wall brackets.
  • Graphite foils and graphite laminate plates can due to their small thickness and relatively soft texture on easy to cut, milled, stamped or stamped. This can already during the production of the graphite foils and graphite laminate plates done so that no trimmings incur. Even if the desired Geometries introduced into the finished graphite or graphite laminate plates is mainly produced graphite foil waste, which is recycled to 100% can be.
  • the graphite heating element 2 will be produced in one piece in order to apply this to the inside of the back cover 5 , although, of course, smaller segments can also be produced if required.
  • the heating unit such that a graphite foil is glued to a cut to size Fermacellplatte 5 .
  • Weican RK 1500 can be used.
  • the adhesive has an approved temperature range of - 40 ° C to + 180 ° C.
  • the current contacts 3 are realized by applied with conductive adhesive Cu films.
  • a 230 V junction box 4 is mounted, in which the thermal switch, the security element and the connections are located.
  • the conductive side is coated with a voltage-resistant insulating lacquer to 6 kV.
  • the radiant heater thus produced is then attached by means of wall plugs 7, special anchor 8, wall bracket 9 and spacers 10 and a wall 6 .
  • the heating power depends on the size of the radiation body 1 and on the operation of the surface heating element.
  • a typical value is a heating power of 500 W for a panel radiator of the dimensions 1m x 0.5m at 230V input voltage.
  • FIG. 2 shows a view of a graphite heating element 2 on a back cover 5 with the outer dimensions of the junction box 4 and the current contacts 3.
  • the electromagnetic radiation generated by the flow of current in the graphite heating element 2 is absorbed in situ due to the special electronic structure of the graphite, so that very little electrosmog is generated.
  • the graphite heater 2 may intercept electromagnetic radiation that may be generated by other sources, such as wall-mounted power lines.
  • the equipment of radiant heaters with graphite heating elements results in significantly improved energy efficiency, longer service life, reduced production costs, significantly increased heating rate and limited electromagnetic radiation emissions.
  • This invention allows the use of radiant heating as primary heating in buildings despite strict energy efficiency standards. Radiant heating systems according to the invention also allow a more user-friendly preparation of food when used as a grill or baking plate due to the rapid and precise temperature control.
  • the simple, flat and inexpensive construction of the radiant heaters according to the invention allows a further use of these in applications such as gazebos or in the camping area.

Landscapes

  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
EP05010734A 2004-05-18 2005-05-18 Eléments chauffants émettant des radiations comprenant des feuilles de graphite ou des structures en feuilles laminées de graphite Withdrawn EP1599071A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004025033 2004-05-18
DE200410025033 DE102004025033B4 (de) 2004-05-18 2004-05-18 Vorrichtung zum Heizen mit Heizelementen aus Graphitfolien

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1599071A2 true EP1599071A2 (fr) 2005-11-23
EP1599071A3 EP1599071A3 (fr) 2008-10-15

Family

ID=34936628

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05010734A Withdrawn EP1599071A3 (fr) 2004-05-18 2005-05-18 Eléments chauffants émettant des radiations comprenant des feuilles de graphite ou des structures en feuilles laminées de graphite

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1599071A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE102004025033B4 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITTV20090005A1 (it) * 2009-01-21 2010-07-22 Meros Srl Struttura di radiatore elettrico.
ES2703973A1 (es) * 2017-09-13 2019-03-13 Fundacion Para La Promocion De La Innovacion Investig Y Desarrollo Tecnologico En La Industria De Au Dispositivo de calefacción radiante y procedimiento de fabricación
CN114756914A (zh) * 2022-06-13 2022-07-15 中国飞机强度研究所 空天飞机测试用加热系统的石墨加热元件热惯性表征方法

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006014027B3 (de) * 2006-03-27 2007-11-15 Bernstein, Al, Prof.art.h. Elektrischer Heizzellenleiter
DE102007052178A1 (de) * 2007-10-30 2009-05-07 Baier, Anita Vorrichtung zum Belüften eines Raumes
EP2955975A1 (fr) 2014-06-14 2015-12-16 Karl Meyer AG Élément de chauffage de surfaces
US20190373680A1 (en) 2016-11-22 2019-12-05 Gentherm Gmbh Film heater and method of making
DE102017001097A1 (de) 2017-02-07 2018-08-09 Gentherm Gmbh Elektrisch leitfähige Folie

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7108146U (de) * 1971-03-04 1971-06-03 Pollak H Heizbare bauplatte
DE3706759A1 (de) * 1987-03-03 1988-09-15 Dirk Seyfert Graphitoberflaechenbelag auch zum zweck der wohnraumbeheizung mit und ohne dielektrische eigenschaften des graphitoberflaechenmaterials
DE3932101A1 (de) * 1989-09-26 1991-04-04 Johann Rupp Flaechenheizkoerper
DE20014518U1 (de) * 2000-08-21 2000-11-30 Schleicher Franz Heizelement in Form eines flächigen Radiators mit hohem Wärmespeichervermögen und daraus aufgebautes Direkt-Heizungssystem
JP2003272807A (ja) * 2002-03-15 2003-09-26 Taisei Laminator Co Ltd 面状発熱装置

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL67471C (fr) * 1947-03-25
DE2646890C2 (de) * 1976-10-16 1979-09-06 Deutsche Gold- Und Silber-Scheideanstalt Vormals Roessler, 6000 Frankfurt Vakuumofen mit Graphitheizung
US5932124A (en) * 1996-04-19 1999-08-03 Thermion Systems International Method for heating a solid surface such as a floor, wall, or countertop surface
DE19804283B4 (de) * 1998-02-04 2006-10-12 Sgl Carbon Ag Metallverstärkter Graphitschichtstoff
DE10020489C2 (de) * 2000-02-25 2002-10-10 Thomas Freiberger Flächiges Heizelement
DE10041546A1 (de) * 2000-08-24 2002-03-07 Vasily Marmor Imp Gmbh Plattenförmiger Flächenheizkörper mit in Kanäle eingelegten und verklebten Heizleitern, Verfahren zum Einbringen der Heizleiter und Rollenanordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE20015750U1 (de) * 2000-09-11 2001-02-15 Walter Harald Natursteinstrahlungsheizung
DE10158469A1 (de) * 2001-11-28 2003-06-26 Klaus Lucas Dynamische Elektro-Flächenheizung
DE10211721B4 (de) * 2002-03-18 2004-07-22 Heitexx Ltd. Heizleiter und Verwendung des Heizleiters

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7108146U (de) * 1971-03-04 1971-06-03 Pollak H Heizbare bauplatte
DE3706759A1 (de) * 1987-03-03 1988-09-15 Dirk Seyfert Graphitoberflaechenbelag auch zum zweck der wohnraumbeheizung mit und ohne dielektrische eigenschaften des graphitoberflaechenmaterials
DE3932101A1 (de) * 1989-09-26 1991-04-04 Johann Rupp Flaechenheizkoerper
DE20014518U1 (de) * 2000-08-21 2000-11-30 Schleicher Franz Heizelement in Form eines flächigen Radiators mit hohem Wärmespeichervermögen und daraus aufgebautes Direkt-Heizungssystem
JP2003272807A (ja) * 2002-03-15 2003-09-26 Taisei Laminator Co Ltd 面状発熱装置

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITTV20090005A1 (it) * 2009-01-21 2010-07-22 Meros Srl Struttura di radiatore elettrico.
ES2703973A1 (es) * 2017-09-13 2019-03-13 Fundacion Para La Promocion De La Innovacion Investig Y Desarrollo Tecnologico En La Industria De Au Dispositivo de calefacción radiante y procedimiento de fabricación
CN114756914A (zh) * 2022-06-13 2022-07-15 中国飞机强度研究所 空天飞机测试用加热系统的石墨加热元件热惯性表征方法

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Publication number Publication date
DE102004025033B4 (de) 2006-05-11
DE102004025033A1 (de) 2005-12-15
EP1599071A3 (fr) 2008-10-15

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