EP1586962A2 - Ewiger Kalendermechanismus - Google Patents

Ewiger Kalendermechanismus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1586962A2
EP1586962A2 EP05005083A EP05005083A EP1586962A2 EP 1586962 A2 EP1586962 A2 EP 1586962A2 EP 05005083 A EP05005083 A EP 05005083A EP 05005083 A EP05005083 A EP 05005083A EP 1586962 A2 EP1586962 A2 EP 1586962A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
date
month
wheel
day
mobile
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05005083A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1586962A3 (en
EP1586962B1 (en
EP1586962B9 (en
Inventor
Karl-Friedrich Scheufele
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Chopard Manufacture SA
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Chopard Manufacture SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1586962A2 publication Critical patent/EP1586962A2/en
Publication of EP1586962A3 publication Critical patent/EP1586962A3/en
Publication of EP1586962B1 publication Critical patent/EP1586962B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1586962B9 publication Critical patent/EP1586962B9/en
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/24—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars
    • G04B19/243—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars characterised by the shape of the date indicator
    • G04B19/247—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars characterised by the shape of the date indicator disc-shaped
    • G04B19/253—Driving or releasing mechanisms
    • G04B19/25333—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement
    • G04B19/25353—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement driven or released stepwise by the clockwork movement
    • G04B19/2536—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement driven or released stepwise by the clockwork movement automatically corrected at the end of months having less than 31 days
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/24—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars
    • G04B19/243—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars characterised by the shape of the date indicator
    • G04B19/247—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars characterised by the shape of the date indicator disc-shaped
    • G04B19/253—Driving or releasing mechanisms
    • G04B19/25333—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement
    • G04B19/25373—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement driven or released stepwise by an energy source which is released at determined moments by the clockwork movement
    • G04B19/2538—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement driven or released stepwise by an energy source which is released at determined moments by the clockwork movement automatically corrected at the end of months having less than 31 days
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/26—Clocks or watches with indicators for tides, for the phases of the moon, or the like
    • G04B19/268—Clocks or watches with indicators for tides, for the phases of the moon, or the like with indicators for the phases of the moon

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a perpetual calendar mechanism or for a timepiece such as a wristwatch.
  • Perpetual or annual calendar mechanisms include generally a rocker drive carrying a small ratchet cooperating with a calendar wheel with 31 teeth of a mobile date for the passage of a day to next within a month and for the last day of a month from 31 days to the first day of the following month and a large ratcheting cooperating with a snail correction cam of the date mobile for correction end-of-month days of less than 31 days.
  • the drive of the date mobile by the small and big pawns at each passage from one day to the next is tra ⁇ nant, that is to say that it is carried out slowly, generally over a period of time of a few hours. During this period, the day of the current day gradually its place on the day of the following day in the box office display of the date on the dial of the watch. This solution is not very satisfactory because it affects the display accuracy and aesthetics of the watch.
  • the drive of the date mobile by the small and large pawls at each passage from one day to the next is instantaneous.
  • the indication of the date on the dial changes instantly at midnight, which is significant.
  • a significant risk exists that at the end of the transition from the last day of a month of less than 31 days to the first day of the following month, the mobile date continues its movement under the effect of its inertia, thus giving an erroneous indication of the date. This risk is especially present when going from 28 February to 1 March of calendar where the mobile must perform instantly jump four steps.
  • the present invention aims to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks of known perpetual or annual calendar mechanisms, or at least mitigate, and proposes for this purpose a date mechanism according to the annexed claim 1, particular forms of implementation of this mechanism being defined in the dependent claims.
  • the perpetual calendar mechanism according to the invention is mounted on a plate 1 intended to be placed in a box of shows between the movement and the dial.
  • This mechanism includes a date finger 2, a rocker of date 3 and a correction lever 4.
  • the latches 3, 4 are mounted around the same pivot axis 5 but are free to rotate one by report to the other.
  • the date finger 2 is driven continuously in the opposite direction hour and minute hands of the watch at a rate of one turn per day by a pin 6 secured to a wheel of 24 hours 7 meshing with a wheel 12 hours 8 fixed to the hour wheel of the watch.
  • the finger of date 2 cooperates every day, from a certain time, with a finger 9 (see Figure 4) of the calendar rocker 3 and a finger 10 (see Figure 5) of the correction flip-flop 4 to gradually raise these two flip-flops 3, 4 to against the action exerted on the calendar rocker 3, respectively on a pivoting shuttle 11 cooperating with the correction lever 4, by means of respective return springs 12, 13.
  • the calendar rocker 3 comprises, besides the finger 9, a first small ratchet 14 and a second small ratchet 15 which, when passing from one day to the next, cooperate respectively with a date star 31 teeth 16 and a star of the days to seven teeth 17 to make them turn instantly one step.
  • the star of days 17 carries an indicator hand 18 associated with a zone displaying days of the week 19 on the watch face ( Figure 6).
  • the angular position of the date star 16 and that of the star of the days 17 are indexed by jumpers 20, 21, respectively.
  • the correction lever 4 has at one of its ends a rake 22 engaged with a corresponding rake 23 of the pivoting shuttle 11 and at another end a probe consisting of a finger 24 in which is fixed a probing pin 25 which, in the rest position of the correction lever 4, is in contact with a 26-month cam or a leap year cam 27 ( Figure 5).
  • Each latch 3, 4 extends partly on one side of the pivot axis 5 and partly on the other side of the pivot axis 5.
  • the probe 24-25 is located on the side opposite to that of rake 22 and finger 10.
  • the shape of each latch 3, 4 is advantageously chosen so that the center of gravity of the rocker 3, 4 is substantially on the pivot axis 5. In this way, the mechanism is made less sensitive to shocks.
  • one or more ball bearings can be associated with the pivot axis 5 of the latches 3, 4 to reduce the coefficients of friction.
  • the date star 16 is integral with a 31-tooth calendar wheel 28, a wheel units 29 to 29 teeth plus an empty space 29 'occupying the place of two consecutive teeth, a wheel of tens to four teeth 30 and a snail correction cam 31.
  • the set formed by the date star 16, the date wheel 28, the wheel of the units 29, the wheel of the tens 30 and the correction cam 31 will be called "mobile date" in the rest of this description.
  • the wheel of the units 29 is engaged with a pinion of the units with ten teeth 32 carrying a disk of the units 33 on which is written a sequence of numbers 0 to 9 large format representative of the date units.
  • the wheel of tens 30 cooperates with a pinion of tens to eight teeth 34 carrying a disc of tens 35 on which are written two consecutive series of numbers 0 to 3 of large format representative of the tens of the date.
  • the pinions 32, 34 are each subjected to the action of a jumper 36, 37, respectively.
  • the records of units and tens 33, 35 are juxtaposed and allow the display of the date in two large respective windows 38, 39 formed in the dial of the watch ( Figure 6).
  • the gear formed by the wheel of the units 29 and the pinion of the units 32 is shown in detail in FIG. 7.
  • the teeth of the wheel 29 and the pinion 32 have an epicycloidal shape and each tooth of the wheel 29, when it is aligned with the imaginary line passing through the respective centers of the wheel 29 and the pinion 32, is centered in an interlock of the pinion 32, and vice versa.
  • This arrangement of the teeth of the wheel of the units 29 and the pinion of the units 32 makes it possible at the same time to increase the depth of penetration of these toothing and to lock the date wheel 16, 28-31 in its angular position relative to the pinion.
  • the shuttle 11 ( Figures 2 and 5) is pivotally mounted about the same axis that the tens pinion 34 and the tens disk 35 but is free in rotation with respect to this pinion 34 and this disk 35.
  • a large articulated pawl 40 on the shuttle 11 cooperates with the correction cam 31 to move so trainante the date mobile 16, 28-31 of one or more steps according to the angular position of months cam 26 or leap year cam 27 detected by the probe 24-25 of the correction lever 4 during the passage of the last day of a month of less than 31 days on the first day of the following month.
  • the date wheel 28 is engaged with an intermediate wheel of date with 31 teeth 41 mounted around the same axis as the gear of the units 32 and the disk of the units 33 but free in rotation with respect to this pinion 32 and this disc 33 (FIGS. 1, 2, 3).
  • the intermediate date wheel 41 meshes with a pinion gear 42 which itself meshes with a wheel of 31 teeth 43.
  • This wheel of the month 43 drives a month disc 44 coaxial with the wheel months 43 and having a finger 45 on its periphery, via a pin 46 integral with the wheel 43 and located in a hole 46 'of the disc of the months 44 larger than it ( Figures 2, 3, 5).
  • the finger 45 of the disc of months 44 cooperates at the end of each month with a pinion of months to 12 teeth 47 to drive it a step so it performs a turn per year.
  • This pinion of the months 47 which is integral with the cam of the months 26, carries a month indication needle 48 associated with a display area of month 49 on the dial of the watch ( Figures 3, 6) and is subject to the action of a jumper 47 '(visible in Figure 2).
  • the pinion of the months 47 leads a wheel of 48 months 50, to 48 teeth, mounted around the same axis as the 43 month wheel and the 44 month disc but free in rotation with respect to these, to drive it at the rate of one turn in four years.
  • a first 30-tooth year wheel 51 is integral with the 48-month wheel 50.
  • a second 30-tooth year wheel 52 mounted around the same axis as the pinion of the months 47 but free in rotation with respect to this pinion 47 is driven by the first year wheel 51.
  • This second year wheel 52 which is integral leap year cam 27, carries a year indication needle leap 53 associated with a corresponding display area 54 on the dial of the watch.
  • the cam of the months 26 has a periphery whose radius, variable, depends on the number of days in the months of the year, the angular position of this cam 26 defining the current month.
  • the periphery of the cam 26 has more precisely (see Figure 5) large radius parts 55, corresponding to the months of 31 days, parts of intermediate radius 56, corresponding to the months of 30 days, and a part of small radius 57 (visible in Figure 2), corresponding to the February of a non-leap year (28 days).
  • the leap year cam 27 has on its periphery a single boss 58 ( Figure 5) associated in the month of February leap years.
  • the bump 58 of the year cam leap 27 occupies, during the month of February of each leap year, a angular position in which the angular sector defined by the hump 58 includes that defined by the lower part 57 of the periphery of the cam of the months 26 and, during the month of February of each non-leap year, an angular position wherein the aforementioned angular sectors are separated.
  • the 24 hour wheel 7 carrying pin 6 training date finger 2 meshes with a second 24 hour wheel 59 mounted around the same axis as the star of days 17 but free in rotation with respect to this star of days 17.
  • This second wheel of 24 hours 59 carries a day / night indicator hand 60 associated with a zone corresponding day / night display 61 on the dial of the watch, concentric with the display area of the days of week 19 ( Figure 6).
  • the perpetual calendar mechanism comprises also a device for displaying the moon phase.
  • This device includes (see FIGS. 1, 2, 9A) a moon gear 62 driven by the date finger 2 to one step per day and subjected to the action of a jumper 63.
  • the moon gear 62 carries a pinion gear 64 which meshes with a second pinion gear 65 meshing with a 66 window wheel.
  • a third idler gear 67 is secured to the second pinion gear 65 and meshes with a moon wheel 68.
  • the meshing ratios between the first and second idler gears 64, 65, between the second idler gear 65 and the box wheel 66 and between the third idler gear 67 and the moon wheel 68 are such that the window wheel 66 is driven step by step, one step per day and one revolution per moon revolution (29 days, 12 hours and 45 minutes) and that the moon wheel 68 is not driven at not at half the angular velocity as that of the box wheel 66.
  • the moon wheel 68 defines a disk 69 having two pellets 70 diametrically opposed having the color, blue, of the sky, the rest of the disc 69 having the yellow color of the moon ( Figure 9B).
  • the counter wheel 66 located above of the moon wheel 68, defines a disc 71 having the blue color of the sky and having a circular aperture 72 of the same diameter as the pellets 70 (FIG. 9C).
  • the full moon appears through the window 72 when this last is at the position at six o'clock and is between the two pellets 70.
  • the new the moon appears, it, when the wicket 72 and one of the two pellets 70 are at noon. From this position at noon, the user will see the moon grow day by day in the right part of the wheels 66, 68 until the full moon and then decrease in the part left of the wheels 66, 68.
  • This device for displaying the moon phase is known. in itself. It was described by Mr. Philip Barat in his thesis work thesis of the Engineering School of Geneva in June 1983.
  • the perpetual calendar mechanism furthermore comprises correctors 73, 74, 75, 76 for manually correcting the position angular, respectively, of the date mobile 16, 28-31, of the star of days 17, the moon gear 62 and the pinion of the months 47.
  • These correctors 73-76 are actuated by pushbuttons (not shown) projecting from the slice of the watch.
  • Each of the correctors 73-75 is a simple pivoting member arranged to push a tooth of the date wheel 28, the star of days 17 and moon gear 62, respectively.
  • the corrector 76 associated with the pinion month 47 includes (see Figure 5) two pivoting parts 78, 79 of axes of different pivoting.
  • the piece 78 carries a pin 80 cooperating with a buttonhole 81 of the piece 79 and further comprises a finger 82 capable of lifting the correction flip-flop 4 when in contact with the cam of months 26 or leap year cam 27 and a spout 83 adapted to push a tooth of the sprocket month 47 after the 82 finger raised the correction rocker 4 to move the pinion of the months 47 of a step in the clockwise direction of hours and minutes of the watch.
  • the perpetual calendar mechanism according to the invention operates from the following way.
  • the calendar rocker 3 In the rest position, the calendar rocker 3 is maintained by its spring 12 against a stop 84 (visible in FIG. 2) and the rocker of correction 4 is held by the return spring 13 acting on the shuttle 11 in a position where the probing pin 25 bears against the periphery of the cam of months 26 or the leap year cam 27.
  • the probing pin 25 is in contact with a part high 55 or an intermediate portion 56 of the periphery of the cam of the months 26 when you are in a month of 31 days or 30 days respectively, with the part of the periphery of the leap year cam 27 other than the bump 58 in the indentation corresponding to the lower part 57 of the cam of the months 26 when one is in a 28-day month, or with the cam's hump 58 leap year 27 when in a month of 29 days.
  • the angular position of the correction lever 4 in this rest position is different depending on the part of the periphery of the cam of months 26 or cam leap year 27 that touches the feeler pin 25, that is to say according to the month where we are.
  • the date finger 2 comes into contact with the finger 10 of the correction rocker 4 and begins to lift gradually this rocker 4 against the action of the return spring 13, which distances the probing pin 25 of the 26-month cam and the leap year cam 27.
  • the time at which the date finger 2 comes into contact with the finger depends on the aforementioned angular position of the correction lever 4 in its rest position and thus the number of days in the current month. Plus the month in course has a large number of days, this time will be late and therefore less the amplitude of displacement of the correction lever 4 under the action of the finger of date 2 will be great.
  • the rake 22 When raising the correction lever 4, the rake 22 causes shuttle 11 rotating which slides the free end of the large pawl 40 on the peripheral surface of the correction cam 31. During the days other than the last day of a month under 31 days, this free end slip of the large pawl 40 has no effect on the angular position of the mobile of date 16, 28-31. However, on the last day of a month of 30 days, 29 days or 28 days, the free end of the large pawl 40 comes into contact with the recess, designated in FIG.
  • each displacement of a step of the mobile of date 16, 28-31 by the big pawl 40 breaks down in a first movement, slow, during which the large pawl 40 pushes the correction cam 31 against the action exerted by the jumper 20 until the top of a tooth of the date star 16 in contact with the jumper 20 reaches the tip, designated by 86, of the latter and a second movement, rapid, caused by the fall of jumper 20 on the other side of said tooth and from which the large ratchet 40 loses momentarily the contact with the recess 85.
  • the second small ratchet 15 catches a tooth of the star of days 17 to angularly and instantly move this star 17 and thus the needle Indicator of the days of the week 18 of a step for the indication of the following day.
  • This instantaneous displacement of one step of the date mobile 16, 28-31 and of the star of days 17 by the little pawns 14, 15 occurs every day, that whether or not at the end of a month of less than 31 days. If the current day is the last day of a month under 31 days, this instant move a step of the mobile of date 16, 28-31 will succeed the moving movement of this mobile by the big ratchet 40 to complete the passage of the last day of the month in course on the first day of the following month.
  • the wheel units 29 of the date mobile 16, 28-31 moves the pinion of the units 32 one step in order to move the date unit displayed in the aperture 38 to the next unit, except once a month, when the date mobile 16, 28-31 is in an angular position corresponding to the calendar 31.
  • the toothing of the gear of the units 32 is opposite the empty space 29 'of the toothing of the wheel of the units 29 and is therefore not driven .
  • the pinion of the tens 34 is driven by the wheel of tens 30 of the mobile calendar 16, 28-31 only four times a month, corresponding to changes of tens of the date, when the teeth of the tens gear 34 is in the path of one of the four teeth of the tens wheel 30.
  • the disk of the tens 35 secured to the pinion 34 also moves to display the tens the next date in box 39.
  • Each rotation of a step of the date wheel 16, 28-31 also causes, via the intermediate date wheel 41 and the idler gear 42, a rotation of one wheel step of the month 43 and the disk of the months. 44.
  • This rotation of a pitch of the wheel 43 and the disk 44 does however cause a rotation of the pinion of the months 47 by the finger 45 of the month disk 44 that when the mobile date 16, 28-31 passes from an angular position corresponding to the 31 at an angular position corresponding to the 1st , the finger 45 being the rest of the time outside the teeth of the pinion of the months 47.
  • Each rotation of a step of the pinion of the months 47 rotates a step the cam of the months 26 and the indicator hand of the month 48 located above the display area of the months 49 on the dial of the watch for the passage to the following month.
  • Each rotation of a step of the pinion of the months 47 also causes a rotation of one step of the wheel of 48 months 50 which drives itself, through the wheels of the year 51, 52, a rotation of a not the leap year cam 27 and the leap year indication needle 53 associated with the display area 54 on the watch face.
  • the fingers 9, 10 of the latches 3, 4 are shaped so that the fall of the date scale 3 always intervenes before the fall of the correction 4.
  • the instantaneous displacement of a step that the mobile calendar 16, 28-31 during the fall of the calendar rocker 3, displacement which, as explained above, causes a displacement of the pinion months 47 and the cam of the months 27 at each end of the month occurs while the probe 24-25 of the correction lever 4 is removed from the surface cam device 26, 27. In this way a blockage of the mechanism.
  • the position angle of the date mobile 16, 28-31, the star of the days 17, the pinion of moon 62 and pinion 47 months can be corrected manually by intermediaries 73-76 respectively, and this without risk of blocking.
  • Concerning more particularly the pinion of the months 47 it should be noted that a rotation of this pinion 47 by the corrector 76 never affects the position angle of the date mobile 16, 28-31. Indeed, when this rotation takes place while the finger 45 is out of the teeth of the pinion of the months 47, the disc of month 44 can not be driven by the pinion of the months 47.
  • the present invention shows several benefits in addition to those already mentioned.
  • One of them is that the indication of date change is made instantaneously most of the time, namely when changing from one day to the next within a month and during from the last day of a 31-day month to the first day of the following month, but with a reduced risk of seeing the mobile of date 16, 28-31 driven by its inertia in an undesired displacement, thanks to the fact that the moving the date wheel 16, 28-31 during the passage of the last day one month less than 31 days to the first day of the following month is made in part in a slow way.
  • the instantaneous movements of the date mobile 16, 28-31 are always limited to one step.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that it allows, by the presence of two latches 3, 4 respectively carrying the small pawl 14 and the large pawl 40, to create a sufficient displacement angle for the ratchets 14, 40 while freeing up space for another display device namely, in the example illustrated, the device for displaying the moon phase 62-68, and while allowing a large format display of the date by two juxtaposed disks 33, 35.
  • the mechanism according to the invention allows a user-friendly layout of different clearly readable display areas on the dial of the watch.

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Abstract

The mechanism has levers to drive a date mobile. The mobile is moved instantaneously by a small ratchet (14) when a day passes to next day within a month and when last day of a month of 31 days passes to the first day of following month. The mobile is moved partially in a dragging manner by a large ratchet (40) when the last day of a month less than 31 days passes to the first day of the following month. The date mobile is constituted of a date star (16), a date wheel (28) with 31 teeth, a unit wheel (29), and a tens wheel (30) with four teeth and a correction cam. The respective levers carry the small ratchet (14) and the large ratchet (40). An independent claim is also included for a clock piece.

Description

La présente invention concerne un mécanisme de quantième perpétuel ou annuel pour une pièce d'horlogerie telle qu'une montre-bracelet.The present invention relates to a perpetual calendar mechanism or for a timepiece such as a wristwatch.

Les mécanismes de quantième perpétuel ou annuel comprennent généralement une bascule d'entraínement portant un petit cliquet coopérant avec une roue de quantième à 31 dents d'un mobile de quantième pour le passage d'un jour au suivant à l'intérieur d'un mois et pour le passage du dernier jour d'un mois de 31 jours au premier jour du mois suivant et un grand cliquet coopérant avec une came de correction en escargot du mobile de quantième pour la correction des jours de fin de mois de moins de 31 jours.Perpetual or annual calendar mechanisms include generally a rocker drive carrying a small ratchet cooperating with a calendar wheel with 31 teeth of a mobile date for the passage of a day to next within a month and for the last day of a month from 31 days to the first day of the following month and a large ratcheting cooperating with a snail correction cam of the date mobile for correction end-of-month days of less than 31 days.

Dans certains de ces mécanismes, l'entraínement du mobile de quantième par les petit et grand cliquets lors de chaque passage d'un jour au suivant est traínant, c'est-à-dire qu'il s'effectue de manière lente, généralement sur une durée de quelques heures. Pendant cette durée, le quantième du jour en cours laisse progressivement sa place au quantième du jour suivant dans le guichet d'affichage du quantième sur le cadran de la montre. Cette solution n'est pas très satisfaisante car elle nuit à la précision d'affichage et à l'esthétique de la montre.In some of these mechanisms, the drive of the date mobile by the small and big pawns at each passage from one day to the next is traínant, that is to say that it is carried out slowly, generally over a period of time of a few hours. During this period, the day of the current day gradually its place on the day of the following day in the box office display of the date on the dial of the watch. This solution is not very satisfactory because it affects the display accuracy and aesthetics of the watch.

Dans d'autres mécanismes, l'entraínement du mobile de quantième par les petit et grand cliquets lors de chaque passage d'un jour au suivant est instantané. L'indication de la date sur le cadran change donc instantanément à minuit, ce qui est appréciable. Toutefois, ici, un risque non négligeable existe qu'à la fin du passage du dernier jour d'un mois de moins de 31 jours au premier jour du mois suivant, le mobile de quantième continue son mouvement sous l'effet de son inertie, entraínant ainsi une indication erronée de la date. Ce risque est d'autant plus présent lors du passage du 28 février au 1er mars où le mobile de quantième doit effectuer de manière instantanée un saut de quatre pas.In other mechanisms, the drive of the date mobile by the small and large pawls at each passage from one day to the next is instantaneous. The indication of the date on the dial changes instantly at midnight, which is significant. However, here, a significant risk exists that at the end of the transition from the last day of a month of less than 31 days to the first day of the following month, the mobile date continues its movement under the effect of its inertia, thus giving an erroneous indication of the date. This risk is especially present when going from 28 February to 1 March of calendar where the mobile must perform instantly jump four steps.

La présente invention vise à remédier aux inconvénients précités des mécanismes de quantième perpétuel ou annuel connus, ou au moins à les atténuer, et propose à cette fin un mécanisme de quantième selon la revendication 1 annexée, des formes d'exécution particulières de ce mécanisme étant définies dans les revendications dépendantes.The present invention aims to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks of known perpetual or annual calendar mechanisms, or at least mitigate, and proposes for this purpose a date mechanism according to the annexed claim 1, particular forms of implementation of this mechanism being defined in the dependent claims.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaítront à la lecture de la description détaillée suivante faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue de dessus (depuis le cadran de la montre) d'un mécanisme de quantième perpétuel selon l'invention, indexé au 28 février ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue de dessus du mécanisme de quantième perpétuel selon l'invention, mais dans laquelle on supposera que toutes les pièces du mécanisme sont transparentes ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe du mécanisme de quantième perpétuel selon l'invention prise suivant la ligne brisée III-III de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue partielle de dessus du mécanisme de quantième perpétuel selon l'invention, montrant les parties associées à la fonction de quantième et des jours du mécanisme ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue partielle de dessus du mécanisme de quantième perpétuel selon l'invention, montrant les parties associées à la fonction de correction (rattrapage) de jours de fin de mois de moins de 31 jours ;
  • la figure 6 est une vue de dessus d'une montre incorporant le mécanisme de quantième perpétuel selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 7 est une vue de dessus montrant des parties du mécanisme de quantième perpétuel selon l'invention associées à la fonction d'affichage des unités du quantième ;
  • la figure 8 est une vue de dessus montrant des parties du mécanisme de quantième perpétuel selon l'invention associées à la fonction d'affichage des dizaines du quantième ;
  • les figures 9A, 9B, 9C sont des vues de dessus montrant des parties du mécanisme de quantième perpétuel selon l'invention associées à une fonction d'affichage de phase de lune.
Other features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following detailed description with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 is a top view (from the dial of the watch) of a perpetual calendar mechanism according to the invention, indexed to February 28;
  • Figure 2 is a top view of the perpetual calendar mechanism according to the invention, but in which it will be assumed that all the parts of the mechanism are transparent;
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view of the perpetual calendar mechanism according to the invention taken along the broken line III-III of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a partial view from above of the perpetual calendar mechanism according to the invention, showing the parts associated with the date function and days of the mechanism;
  • FIG. 5 is a partial view from above of the perpetual calendar mechanism according to the invention, showing the parts associated with the correction function (catch-up) of end-of-month days of less than 31 days;
  • Figure 6 is a top view of a watch incorporating the perpetual calendar mechanism according to the invention;
  • Figure 7 is a top view showing parts of the perpetual calendar mechanism according to the invention associated with the display function of the date units;
  • FIG. 8 is a view from above showing parts of the perpetual calendar mechanism according to the invention associated with the display function of the tens of the date;
  • Figures 9A, 9B, 9C are top views showing parts of the perpetual calendar mechanism according to the invention associated with a moon phase display function.

En référence aux figures 1 à 5, le mécanisme de quantième perpétuel selon l'invention est monté sur une platine 1 destinée à être placée dans une boíte de montre entre le mouvement et le cadran.With reference to FIGS. 1 to 5, the perpetual calendar mechanism according to the invention is mounted on a plate 1 intended to be placed in a box of shows between the movement and the dial.

Ce mécanisme comprend notamment un doigt de quantième 2, une bascule de quantième 3 et une bascule de correction 4. Les bascules 3, 4 sont montées autour d'un même axe de pivotement 5 mais sont libres en rotation l'une par rapport à l'autre.This mechanism includes a date finger 2, a rocker of date 3 and a correction lever 4. The latches 3, 4 are mounted around the same pivot axis 5 but are free to rotate one by report to the other.

Le doigt de quantième 2 est entraíné continûment dans le sens contraire des aiguilles des heures et des minutes de la montre à raison d'un tour par jour par une goupille 6 solidaire d'une roue de 24 heures 7 engrenant avec une roue de renvoi de 12 heures 8 solidaire de la roue des heures de la montre. Le doigt de quantième 2 coopère chaque jour, à partir d'une certaine heure, avec un doigt 9 (cf. figure 4) de la bascule de quantième 3 et un doigt 10 (cf. figure 5) de la bascule de correction 4 pour soulever progressivement ces deux bascules 3, 4 à l'encontre de l'action exercée sur la bascule de quantième 3, respectivement sur une navette pivotante 11 coopérant avec la bascule de correction 4, par des ressorts de rappel respectifs 12, 13.The date finger 2 is driven continuously in the opposite direction hour and minute hands of the watch at a rate of one turn per day by a pin 6 secured to a wheel of 24 hours 7 meshing with a wheel 12 hours 8 fixed to the hour wheel of the watch. The finger of date 2 cooperates every day, from a certain time, with a finger 9 (see Figure 4) of the calendar rocker 3 and a finger 10 (see Figure 5) of the correction flip-flop 4 to gradually raise these two flip-flops 3, 4 to against the action exerted on the calendar rocker 3, respectively on a pivoting shuttle 11 cooperating with the correction lever 4, by means of respective return springs 12, 13.

La bascule de quantième 3 comporte, outre le doigt 9, un premier petit cliquet 14 et un second petit cliquet 15 qui, lors du passage d'un jour au suivant, coopèrent respectivement avec une étoile de quantième à 31 dents 16 et une étoile des jours à sept dents 17 pour les faire tourner instantanément d'un pas. L'étoile des jours 17 porte une aiguille indicatrice 18 associée à une zone d'affichage des jours de la semaine 19 sur le cadran de la montre (figure 6). La position angulaire de l'étoile de quantième 16 et celle de l'étoile des jours 17 sont indexées par des sautoirs 20, 21, respectivement. The calendar rocker 3 comprises, besides the finger 9, a first small ratchet 14 and a second small ratchet 15 which, when passing from one day to the next, cooperate respectively with a date star 31 teeth 16 and a star of the days to seven teeth 17 to make them turn instantly one step. The star of days 17 carries an indicator hand 18 associated with a zone displaying days of the week 19 on the watch face (Figure 6). The angular position of the date star 16 and that of the star of the days 17 are indexed by jumpers 20, 21, respectively.

La bascule de correction 4, quant à elle, comporte à l'une de ses extrémités un râteau 22 en prise avec un râteau correspondant 23 de la navette pivotante 11 et à une autre extrémité un palpeur constitué d'un doigt 24 dans lequel est fixée une goupille de palpage 25 qui, en position de repos de la bascule de correction 4, est en contact avec une came des mois 26 ou une came d'année bissextile 27 (figure 5).The correction lever 4, in turn, has at one of its ends a rake 22 engaged with a corresponding rake 23 of the pivoting shuttle 11 and at another end a probe consisting of a finger 24 in which is fixed a probing pin 25 which, in the rest position of the correction lever 4, is in contact with a 26-month cam or a leap year cam 27 (Figure 5).

Chaque bascule 3, 4 s'étend en partie d'un côté de l'axe de pivotement 5 et en partie de l'autre côté de l'axe de pivotement 5. On notera en particulier, en ce qui concerne la bascule de correction 4, que le palpeur 24-25 est situé du côté opposé à celui du râteau 22 et du doigt 10. La forme de chaque bascule 3, 4 est avantageusement choisie pour que le centre de gravité de la bascule 3, 4 soit sensiblement sur l'axe de pivotement 5. De cette manière, le mécanisme est rendu moins sensible aux chocs. Par ailleurs, un ou plusieurs roulements à billes peuvent être associés à l'axe de pivotement 5 des bascules 3, 4 pour diminuer les coefficients de frottement.Each latch 3, 4 extends partly on one side of the pivot axis 5 and partly on the other side of the pivot axis 5. In particular, it will be noted that which concerns the correction lever 4, that the probe 24-25 is located on the side opposite to that of rake 22 and finger 10. The shape of each latch 3, 4 is advantageously chosen so that the center of gravity of the rocker 3, 4 is substantially on the pivot axis 5. In this way, the mechanism is made less sensitive to shocks. In addition, one or more ball bearings can be associated with the pivot axis 5 of the latches 3, 4 to reduce the coefficients of friction.

L'étoile de quantième 16 est solidaire d'une roue de quantième à 31 dents 28, d'une roue des unités 29 à 29 dents plus un espace vide 29' occupant la place de deux dents consécutives, d'une roue des dizaines à quatre dents 30 et d'une came de correction en escargot 31. L'ensemble formé par l'étoile de quantième 16, la roue de quantième 28, la roue des unités 29, la roue des dizaines 30 et la came de correction 31 sera appelé « mobile de quantième » dans la suite de cette description.The date star 16 is integral with a 31-tooth calendar wheel 28, a wheel units 29 to 29 teeth plus an empty space 29 'occupying the place of two consecutive teeth, a wheel of tens to four teeth 30 and a snail correction cam 31. The set formed by the date star 16, the date wheel 28, the wheel of the units 29, the wheel of the tens 30 and the correction cam 31 will be called "mobile date" in the rest of this description.

La roue des unités 29 est en prise avec un pignon des unités à dix dents 32 portant un disques des unités 33 sur lequel est inscrite une suite de chiffres 0 à 9 de grand format représentatifs des unités du quantième. La roue des dizaines 30 coopère, elle, avec un pignon des dizaines à huit dents 34 portant un disque des dizaines 35 sur lequel sont inscrites deux suites consécutives de chiffres 0 à 3 de grand format représentatifs des dizaines du quantième. Les pignons 32, 34 sont chacun soumis à l'action d'un sautoir 36, 37, respectivement. Les disques des unités et des dizaines 33, 35 sont juxtaposés et permettent l'affichage du quantième dans deux grands guichets respectifs 38, 39 ménagés dans le cadran de la montre (figure 6).The wheel of the units 29 is engaged with a pinion of the units with ten teeth 32 carrying a disk of the units 33 on which is written a sequence of numbers 0 to 9 large format representative of the date units. The wheel of tens 30 cooperates with a pinion of tens to eight teeth 34 carrying a disc of tens 35 on which are written two consecutive series of numbers 0 to 3 of large format representative of the tens of the date. The pinions 32, 34 are each subjected to the action of a jumper 36, 37, respectively. The records of units and tens 33, 35 are juxtaposed and allow the display of the date in two large respective windows 38, 39 formed in the dial of the watch (Figure 6).

L'engrenage formé par la roue des unités 29 et le pignon des unités 32 est montré en détail à la figure 7. Comme représenté, les dents de la roue 29 et du pignon 32 ont une forme épicycloïdale et chaque dent de la roue 29, lorsqu'elle est alignée sur la ligne imaginaire passant par les centres respectifs de la roue 29 et du pignon 32, est centrée dans un entre-dent du pignon 32, et réciproquement. Cet agencement des dentures de la roue des unités 29 et du pignon des unités 32 permet à la fois d'augmenter la profondeur de pénétration de ces dentures et de verrouiller le mobile de quantième 16, 28-31 dans sa position angulaire par rapport au pignon des unités 32 du fait qu'à chaque instant, sauf lorsque le mobile de quantième 16, 28-31 est dans une position angulaire correspondant au 31 ou au 1er, une dent de la roue des unités 29 est située entre deux dents du pignon 32. Lorsque le mobile de quantième 16, 28-31 est dans une position angulaire correspondant au 31 ou au 1er, la denture du pignon des unités 32 se trouve en regard de l'espace vide 29'. Dans cette position, le mobile de quantième 16, 28-31 est bloqué dans un sens par une dent du pignon des unités 32 proche d'une dent de la roue des unités 29 et dans l'autre sens par une dent du pignon des dizaines 34 proche d'une dent de la roue des dizaines 30.The gear formed by the wheel of the units 29 and the pinion of the units 32 is shown in detail in FIG. 7. As shown, the teeth of the wheel 29 and the pinion 32 have an epicycloidal shape and each tooth of the wheel 29, when it is aligned with the imaginary line passing through the respective centers of the wheel 29 and the pinion 32, is centered in an interlock of the pinion 32, and vice versa. This arrangement of the teeth of the wheel of the units 29 and the pinion of the units 32 makes it possible at the same time to increase the depth of penetration of these toothing and to lock the date wheel 16, 28-31 in its angular position relative to the pinion. units 32 because at every moment, except when the wheel assembly 16, 28-31 is in an angular position corresponding to 31 or 1, a tooth of the wheel units 29 is located between two teeth of the pinion 32. When the wheel assembly 16, 28-31 is in an angular position corresponding to 31 or 1, the toothing of the pinion of the units 32 is located facing the gap 29 '. In this position, the date wheel 16, 28-31 is locked in one direction by a tooth of the pinion of the units 32 close to a tooth of the wheel of the units 29 and in the other direction by a tooth of the tens gear. 34 close to a tooth of the tens wheel 30.

La navette 11 (figures 2 et 5) est montée pivotante autour du même axe que le pignon des dizaines 34 et le disque des dizaines 35, mais est libre en rotation par rapport à ce pignon 34 et ce disque 35. Un grand cliquet 40 articulé sur la navette 11 coopère avec la came de correction 31 pour déplacer de manière traínante le mobile de quantième 16, 28-31 d'un ou plusieurs pas en fonction de la position angulaire de la came des mois 26 ou de la came d'année bissextile 27 détectée par le palpeur 24-25 de la bascule de correction 4 lors du passage du dernier jour d'un mois de moins de 31 jours au premier jour du mois suivant. The shuttle 11 (Figures 2 and 5) is pivotally mounted about the same axis that the tens pinion 34 and the tens disk 35 but is free in rotation with respect to this pinion 34 and this disk 35. A large articulated pawl 40 on the shuttle 11 cooperates with the correction cam 31 to move so trainante the date mobile 16, 28-31 of one or more steps according to the angular position of months cam 26 or leap year cam 27 detected by the probe 24-25 of the correction lever 4 during the passage of the last day of a month of less than 31 days on the first day of the following month.

La roue de quantième 28 est en prise avec une roue intermédiaire de quantième à 31 dents 41 montée autour du même axe que le pignon des unités 32 et le disque des unités 33 mais libre en rotation par rapport à ce pignon 32 et ce disque 33 (figures 1, 2, 3). La roue intermédiaire de quantième 41 engrène avec un pignon de renvoi 42 qui engrène lui-même avec une roue des mois à 31 dents 43. Cette roue des mois 43 entraíne un disque des mois 44 coaxial avec la roue des mois 43 et comportant un doigt 45 sur sa périphérie, par l'intermédiaire d'une goupille 46 solidaire de la roue 43 et située dans un trou 46' du disque des mois 44 plus grand qu'elle (figures 2, 3, 5).The date wheel 28 is engaged with an intermediate wheel of date with 31 teeth 41 mounted around the same axis as the gear of the units 32 and the disk of the units 33 but free in rotation with respect to this pinion 32 and this disc 33 (FIGS. 1, 2, 3). The intermediate date wheel 41 meshes with a pinion gear 42 which itself meshes with a wheel of 31 teeth 43. This wheel of the month 43 drives a month disc 44 coaxial with the wheel months 43 and having a finger 45 on its periphery, via a pin 46 integral with the wheel 43 and located in a hole 46 'of the disc of the months 44 larger than it (Figures 2, 3, 5).

Le doigt 45 du disque des mois 44 coopère à la fin de chaque mois avec un pignon des mois à 12 dents 47 pour l'entraíner d'un pas de sorte qu'il effectue un tour par an. Ce pignon des mois 47, duquel est solidaire la came des mois 26, porte une aiguille d'indication du mois 48 associée à une zone d'affichage des mois 49 sur le cadran de la montre (figures 3, 6) et est soumis à l'action d'un sautoir 47' (visible sur la figure 2).The finger 45 of the disc of months 44 cooperates at the end of each month with a pinion of months to 12 teeth 47 to drive it a step so it performs a turn per year. This pinion of the months 47, which is integral with the cam of the months 26, carries a month indication needle 48 associated with a display area of month 49 on the dial of the watch (Figures 3, 6) and is subject to the action of a jumper 47 '(visible in Figure 2).

Le pignon des mois 47 mène une roue de 48 mois 50, à 48 dents, montée autour du même axe que la roue des mois 43 et le disque des mois 44 mais libre en rotation par rapport à ceux-ci, pour l'entraíner à raison d'un tour en quatre ans. Une première roue d'année à 30 dents 51 est solidaire de la roue de 48 mois 50. Une seconde roue d'année à 30 dents 52 montée autour du même axe que le pignon des mois 47 mais libre en rotation par rapport à ce pignon 47 est entraínée par la première roue d'année 51. Cette seconde roue d'année 52, dont est solidaire la came d'année bissextile 27, porte une aiguille d'indication d'année bissextile 53 associée à une zone d'affichage correspondante 54 sur le cadran de la montre.The pinion of the months 47 leads a wheel of 48 months 50, to 48 teeth, mounted around the same axis as the 43 month wheel and the 44 month disc but free in rotation with respect to these, to drive it at the rate of one turn in four years. A first 30-tooth year wheel 51 is integral with the 48-month wheel 50. A second 30-tooth year wheel 52 mounted around the same axis as the pinion of the months 47 but free in rotation with respect to this pinion 47 is driven by the first year wheel 51. This second year wheel 52, which is integral leap year cam 27, carries a year indication needle leap 53 associated with a corresponding display area 54 on the dial of the watch.

La came des mois 26 a une périphérie dont le rayon, variable, dépend du nombre de jours des mois de l'année, la position angulaire de cette came 26 définissant le mois en cours. La périphérie de la came 26 comporte plus précisément (cf. figure 5) des parties de grand rayon 55, correspondant aux mois de 31 jours, des parties de rayon intermédiaire 56, correspondant aux mois de 30 jours, et une partie de petit rayon 57 (visible sur la figure 2), correspondant au mois de février d'une année non bissextile (28 jours). La came d'année bissextile 27 présente quant à elle sur sa périphérie une unique bosse 58 (figure 5) associée au mois de février des années bissextiles. La bosse 58 de la came d'année bissextile 27 occupe, pendant le mois de février de chaque année bissextile, une position angulaire dans laquelle le secteur angulaire défini par la bosse 58 inclut celui défini par la partie basse 57 de la périphérie de la came des mois 26 et, pendant le mois de février de chaque année non bissextile, une position angulaire dans laquelle les secteurs angulaires précités sont séparés.The cam of the months 26 has a periphery whose radius, variable, depends on the number of days in the months of the year, the angular position of this cam 26 defining the current month. The periphery of the cam 26 has more precisely (see Figure 5) large radius parts 55, corresponding to the months of 31 days, parts of intermediate radius 56, corresponding to the months of 30 days, and a part of small radius 57 (visible in Figure 2), corresponding to the February of a non-leap year (28 days). The leap year cam 27 has on its periphery a single boss 58 (Figure 5) associated in the month of February leap years. The bump 58 of the year cam leap 27 occupies, during the month of February of each leap year, a angular position in which the angular sector defined by the hump 58 includes that defined by the lower part 57 of the periphery of the cam of the months 26 and, during the month of February of each non-leap year, an angular position wherein the aforementioned angular sectors are separated.

En référence de nouveau aux figures 1 et 2, la roue de 24 heures 7 portant la goupille 6 d'entraínement du doigt de quantième 2 engrène avec une seconde roue de 24 heures 59 montée autour du même axe que l'étoile des jours 17 mais libre en rotation par rapport à cette étoile des jours 17. Cette seconde roue de 24 heures 59 porte une aiguille indicatrice jour/nuit 60 associée à une zone d'affichage jour/nuit correspondante 61 sur le cadran de la montre, concentrique avec la zone d'affichage des jours de la semaine 19 (figure 6).Referring back to FIGS. 1 and 2, the 24 hour wheel 7 carrying pin 6 training date finger 2 meshes with a second 24 hour wheel 59 mounted around the same axis as the star of days 17 but free in rotation with respect to this star of days 17. This second wheel of 24 hours 59 carries a day / night indicator hand 60 associated with a zone corresponding day / night display 61 on the dial of the watch, concentric with the display area of the days of week 19 (Figure 6).

Le mécanisme de quantième perpétuel selon l'invention comprend également un dispositif d'affichage de la phase de lune. Ce dispositif comprend (cf. figures 1, 2, 9A) un pignon de lune 62 entraíné par le doigt de quantième 2 à raison d'un pas par jour et soumis à l'action d'un sautoir 63. Le pignon de lune 62 porte un pignon de renvoi 64 qui engrène avec un second pignon de renvoi 65 engrenant lui-même avec une roue à guichet 66. Un troisième pignon de renvoi 67 est solidaire du second pignon de renvoi 65 et engrène avec une roue de lune 68. Les rapports d'engrènement entre les premier et second pignons de renvoi 64, 65, entre le second pignon de renvoi 65 et la roue à guichet 66 et entre le troisième pignon de renvoi 67 et la roue de lune 68 sont tels que la roue à guichet 66 soit entraínée pas à pas à raison d'un pas par jour et d'un tour par révolution de lune (29 jours, 12 heures et 45 minutes) et que la roue de lune 68 soit entraínée pas à pas à une vitesse angulaire moitié moins élevée que celle de la roue à guichet 66. La roue de lune 68 définit un disque 69 comportant deux pastilles 70 diamétralement opposées ayant la couleur, bleue, du ciel, le reste du disque 69 ayant la couleur, jaune, de la lune (figure 9B). La roue à guichet 66, située au-dessus de la roue de lune 68, définit un disque 71 ayant la couleur bleue du ciel et comportant un guichet circulaire 72 de même diamètre que les pastilles 70 (figure 9C). Dans ce dispositif, la pleine lune apparaít à travers le guichet 72 lorsque ce dernier est à la position à six heures et est entre les deux pastilles 70. La nouvelle lune apparaít, elle, lorsque le guichet 72 et l'une des deux pastilles 70 sont à midi. Depuis cette position à midi, l'utilisateur verra la lune croítre jour après jour dans la partie droite des roues 66, 68 jusqu'à la pleine lune puis décroítre dans la partie gauche des roues 66, 68. Ce dispositif d'affichage de la phase de lune est connu en soi. Il a été décrit par M. Philip Barat dans son mémoire de travail de diplôme de l'Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Genève en juin 1983.The perpetual calendar mechanism according to the invention comprises also a device for displaying the moon phase. This device includes (see FIGS. 1, 2, 9A) a moon gear 62 driven by the date finger 2 to one step per day and subjected to the action of a jumper 63. The moon gear 62 carries a pinion gear 64 which meshes with a second pinion gear 65 meshing with a 66 window wheel. A third idler gear 67 is secured to the second pinion gear 65 and meshes with a moon wheel 68. The meshing ratios between the first and second idler gears 64, 65, between the second idler gear 65 and the box wheel 66 and between the third idler gear 67 and the moon wheel 68 are such that the window wheel 66 is driven step by step, one step per day and one revolution per moon revolution (29 days, 12 hours and 45 minutes) and that the moon wheel 68 is not driven at not at half the angular velocity as that of the box wheel 66. The moon wheel 68 defines a disk 69 having two pellets 70 diametrically opposed having the color, blue, of the sky, the rest of the disc 69 having the yellow color of the moon (Figure 9B). The counter wheel 66, located above of the moon wheel 68, defines a disc 71 having the blue color of the sky and having a circular aperture 72 of the same diameter as the pellets 70 (FIG. 9C). In this device, the full moon appears through the window 72 when this last is at the position at six o'clock and is between the two pellets 70. The new the moon appears, it, when the wicket 72 and one of the two pellets 70 are at noon. From this position at noon, the user will see the moon grow day by day in the right part of the wheels 66, 68 until the full moon and then decrease in the part left of the wheels 66, 68. This device for displaying the moon phase is known. in itself. It was described by Mr. Philip Barat in his dissertation work dissertation of the Engineering School of Geneva in June 1983.

Le mécanisme de quantième perpétuel selon l'invention comprend en outre des correcteurs 73, 74, 75, 76 permettant de corriger manuellement la position angulaire, respectivement, du mobile de quantième 16, 28-31, de l'étoile des jours 17, du pignon de lune 62 et du pignon des mois 47. Ces correcteurs 73-76 sont actionnables par des boutons-poussoirs (non représentés) faisant saillie sur la tranche de la montre. Chacun des correcteurs 73-75 est un simple organe pivotant agencé pour pousser une dent de la roue de quantième 28, de l'étoile des jours 17 et du pignon de lune 62, respectivement. Le correcteur 76 associé au pignon des mois 47 comprend (cf. figure 5) deux pièces pivotantes 78, 79 d'axes de pivotement différents. La pièce 78 porte une goupille 80 coopérant avec une boutonnière 81 de la pièce 79 et comprend en outre un doigt 82 apte à soulever la bascule de correction 4 lorsqu'elle est en contact avec la came des mois 26 ou la came d'année bissextile 27 et un bec 83 apte à pousser une dent du pignon des mois 47 après que le doigt 82 a soulevé la bascule de correction 4 pour déplacer le pignon des mois 47 d'un pas dans le sens des aiguilles des heures et des minutes de la montre.The perpetual calendar mechanism according to the invention furthermore comprises correctors 73, 74, 75, 76 for manually correcting the position angular, respectively, of the date mobile 16, 28-31, of the star of days 17, the moon gear 62 and the pinion of the months 47. These correctors 73-76 are actuated by pushbuttons (not shown) projecting from the slice of the watch. Each of the correctors 73-75 is a simple pivoting member arranged to push a tooth of the date wheel 28, the star of days 17 and moon gear 62, respectively. The corrector 76 associated with the pinion month 47 includes (see Figure 5) two pivoting parts 78, 79 of axes of different pivoting. The piece 78 carries a pin 80 cooperating with a buttonhole 81 of the piece 79 and further comprises a finger 82 capable of lifting the correction flip-flop 4 when in contact with the cam of months 26 or leap year cam 27 and a spout 83 adapted to push a tooth of the sprocket month 47 after the 82 finger raised the correction rocker 4 to move the pinion of the months 47 of a step in the clockwise direction of hours and minutes of the watch.

Le mécanisme de quantième perpétuel selon l'invention fonctionne de la manière suivante.The perpetual calendar mechanism according to the invention operates from the following way.

En position de repos, la bascule de quantième 3 est maintenue par son ressort de rappel 12 contre une butée 84 (visible sur la figure 2) et la bascule de correction 4 est maintenue par le ressort de rappel 13 agissant sur la navette 11 dans une position où la goupille de palpage 25 est en appui contre la périphérie de la came des mois 26 ou de la came d'année bissextile 27. Plus précisément, dans cette position de repos, la goupille de palpage 25 est en contact avec une partie haute 55 ou une partie intermédiaire 56 de la périphérie de la came des mois 26 lorsque l'on se trouve dans un mois de 31 jours ou de 30 jours respectivement, avec la partie de la périphérie de la came d'année bissextile 27 autre que la bosse 58 dans l'échancrure correspondant à la partie basse 57 de la came des mois 26 lorsque l'on se trouve dans un mois de 28 jours, ou avec la bosse 58 de la came d'année bissextile 27 lorsque l'on se trouve dans un mois de 29 jours. Ainsi, la position angulaire de la bascule de correction 4 dans cette position de repos est différente selon la partie de la périphérie de la came des mois 26 ou de la came d'année bissextile 27 que touche la goupille de palpage 25, c'est-à-dire selon le mois où l'on se trouve. Chaque jour, à partir d'une certaine heure, entre environ 18 heures et 21 heures, le doigt de quantième 2 vient en contact avec le doigt 10 de la bascule de correction 4 et commence à soulever progressivement cette bascule 4 à l'encontre de l'action exercée par le ressort de rappel 13, ce qui éloigne la goupille de palpage 25 de la came des mois 26 et de la came d'année bissextile 27. L'heure à laquelle le doigt de quantième 2 vient en contact avec le doigt 10 dépend de la position angulaire précitée de la bascule de correction 4 dans sa position de repos et donc du nombre de jours du mois en cours. Plus le mois en cours a un grand nombre de jours, plus cette heure sera tardive et donc moins l'amplitude de déplacement de la bascule de correction 4 sous l'action du doigt de quantième 2 sera grande.In the rest position, the calendar rocker 3 is maintained by its spring 12 against a stop 84 (visible in FIG. 2) and the rocker of correction 4 is held by the return spring 13 acting on the shuttle 11 in a position where the probing pin 25 bears against the periphery of the cam of months 26 or the leap year cam 27. More precisely, in this rest position, the probing pin 25 is in contact with a part high 55 or an intermediate portion 56 of the periphery of the cam of the months 26 when you are in a month of 31 days or 30 days respectively, with the part of the periphery of the leap year cam 27 other than the bump 58 in the indentation corresponding to the lower part 57 of the cam of the months 26 when one is in a 28-day month, or with the cam's hump 58 leap year 27 when in a month of 29 days. So, the angular position of the correction lever 4 in this rest position is different depending on the part of the periphery of the cam of months 26 or cam leap year 27 that touches the feeler pin 25, that is to say according to the month where we are. Every day, from a certain time, between around 18 hours and 21 hours, the date finger 2 comes into contact with the finger 10 of the correction rocker 4 and begins to lift gradually this rocker 4 against the action of the return spring 13, which distances the probing pin 25 of the 26-month cam and the leap year cam 27. The time at which the date finger 2 comes into contact with the finger depends on the aforementioned angular position of the correction lever 4 in its rest position and thus the number of days in the current month. Plus the month in course has a large number of days, this time will be late and therefore less the amplitude of displacement of the correction lever 4 under the action of the finger of date 2 will be great.

Lors du soulèvement de la bascule de correction 4, le râteau 22 entraíne la navette 11 en rotation ce qui fait glisser l'extrémité libre du grand cliquet 40 sur la surface périphérique de la came de correction 31. Pendant les jours autres que le dernier jour d'un mois de moins de 31 jours, ce glissement de l'extrémité libre du grand cliquet 40 n'a aucun effet sur la position angulaire du mobile de quantième 16, 28-31. Par contre, le dernier jour d'un mois de 30 jours, 29 jours ou 28 jours, l'extrémité libre du grand cliquet 40 entre en contact avec le décrochement, désigné à la figure 5 par le repère 85, de la came de correction 31 et se met à pousser cette came 31 pour déplacer le mobile de quantième 16, 28-31 dans le sens des aiguilles des heures et des minutes de la montre respectivement d'un pas, de deux pas ou de trois pas afin que le mobile de quantième 16, 28-31 atteigne une position angulaire correspondant au quantième 31. Ensuite, la bascule de correction 4 est libérée de l'action du doigt de quantième 2 et le ressort de rappel 13 la fait chuter pour qu'elle retrouve sa position de repos. Du fait que le grand cliquet 40 coopère avec la came de correction 31 pendant le soulèvement progressif de la bascule de correction 4, le déplacement du mobile de quantième 16, 28-31 par le grand cliquet 40 est traínant. Plus précisément, chaque déplacement d'un pas du mobile de quantième 16, 28-31 par le grand cliquet 40 se décompose en un premier mouvement, lent, au cours duquel le grand cliquet 40 pousse la came de correction 31 à l'encontre de l'action exercée par le sautoir 20 jusqu'à ce que le sommet d'une dent de l'étoile de quantième 16 en contact avec le sautoir 20 atteigne la pointe, désignée par 86, de ce dernier et un second mouvement, rapide, provoqué par la chute du sautoir 20 de l'autre côté de ladite dent et à partir duquel le grand cliquet 40 perd momentanément le contact avec le décrochement 85.When raising the correction lever 4, the rake 22 causes shuttle 11 rotating which slides the free end of the large pawl 40 on the peripheral surface of the correction cam 31. During the days other than the last day of a month under 31 days, this free end slip of the large pawl 40 has no effect on the angular position of the mobile of date 16, 28-31. However, on the last day of a month of 30 days, 29 days or 28 days, the free end of the large pawl 40 comes into contact with the recess, designated in FIG. 5 by reference numeral 85, of the correction cam 31 and begins to push this cam 31 to move the date mobile 16, 28-31 Clockwise hours and minutes of the watch steps, two steps or three steps, so that the mobile of date 16, 28-31 reaches an angular position corresponding to the date 31. Next, the correction lever 4 is released from the action of the finger of date 2 and the return spring 13 makes it fall so that it finds its rest position. Because the large pawl 40 cooperates with the cam of correction 31 during the progressive lifting of the correction lever 4, the displacement of the date mobile 16, 28-31 by the large ratchet 40 is dragging. More precisely, each displacement of a step of the mobile of date 16, 28-31 by the big pawl 40 breaks down in a first movement, slow, during which the large pawl 40 pushes the correction cam 31 against the action exerted by the jumper 20 until the top of a tooth of the date star 16 in contact with the jumper 20 reaches the tip, designated by 86, of the latter and a second movement, rapid, caused by the fall of jumper 20 on the other side of said tooth and from which the large ratchet 40 loses momentarily the contact with the recess 85.

Pendant le soulèvement de la bascule de correction 4, le doigt de quantième 2 entre en contact avec le doigt 9 de la bascule de quantième 3, entraínant ainsi un soulèvement progressif de cette bascule 3 à l'encontre de l'action exercée par le ressort de rappel 12. La fin de la levée de la bascule de quantième 3 intervient après la fin de la levée de la bascule de correction 4 mais avant la chute de la bascule de correction 4. Dès que le doigt de quantième 2 libère la bascule de quantième 3, cette bascule 3 chute sous l'action du ressort de rappel 12 pour retrouver sa position de repos. Pendant cette chute, le premier petit cliquet 14 attrape une dent de l'étoile de quantième 16 pour déplacer angulairement et de manière instantanée cette étoile 16 et donc le mobile de quantième 16, 28-31 d'un pas. Pendant cette même chute de la bascule de quantième 3, le second petit cliquet 15 attrape une dent de l'étoile des jours 17 pour déplacer angulairement et instantanément cette étoile 17 et donc l'aiguille indicatrice des jours de la semaine 18 d'un pas pour l'indication du jour suivant.During the raising of the correction lever 4, the finger of date 2 comes into contact with the finger 9 of the calendar rocker 3, thus causing a gradual uplift of this flip-flop 3 against the action exerted by the return spring 12. The end of the lifting of the date 3 occurs after the end of the lifting of the correction lever 4 but before the fall of the correction lever 4. As soon as the date finger 2 releases the date scale 3, this rocker 3 falls under the action of the spring of reminder 12 to return to its rest position. During this fall, the first small ratchet 14 catches a tooth of the date star 16 to move angularly and instantaneously this star 16 and therefore the motive of date 16, 28-31 of a step. During this same fall of the date 3, the second small ratchet 15 catches a tooth of the star of days 17 to angularly and instantly move this star 17 and thus the needle Indicator of the days of the week 18 of a step for the indication of the following day.

Ce déplacement instantané d'un pas du mobile de quantième 16, 28-31 et de l'étoile des jours 17 par les petits cliquets 14, 15 se produit chaque jour, que l'on soit ou non à la fin d'un mois de moins de 31 jours. Si le jour en cours est le dernier jour d'un mois de moins de 31 jours, ce déplacement instantané d'un pas du mobile de quantième 16, 28-31 succédera au déplacement traínant de ce mobile par le grand cliquet 40 pour terminer le passage du dernier jour du mois en cours au premier jour du mois suivant. Dans tous les autres cas, c'est-à-dire pour le passage d'un jour au suivant à l'intérieur d'un mois ou le passage du dernier jour d'un mois de 31 jours au premier jour du mois suivant, le grand cliquet 40 n'a aucune fonction et le déplacement instantané d'un pas du mobile de quantième 16, 28-31 par le petit cliquet 14 est le seul déplacement que subit le mobile de quantième 16, 28-31.This instantaneous displacement of one step of the date mobile 16, 28-31 and of the star of days 17 by the little pawns 14, 15 occurs every day, that whether or not at the end of a month of less than 31 days. If the current day is the last day of a month under 31 days, this instant move a step of the mobile of date 16, 28-31 will succeed the moving movement of this mobile by the big ratchet 40 to complete the passage of the last day of the month in course on the first day of the following month. In all other cases, that is to say for the passage from one day to the next within a month or the passage of the last day of a 31-day month to the first day of the following month, the big ratchet 40 did no function and instantaneous displacement of a single mobile date 16, 28-31 by the small pawl 14 is the only displacement that the mobile of date 16, 28-31.

Lorsque le mobile de quantième 16, 28-31 est tourné d'un pas, que ce soit par le petit cliquet 14, de manière instantanée, ou par le grand cliquet 40, de manière traínante, la roue des unités 29 du mobile de quantième 16, 28-31 déplace d'un pas le pignon des unités 32 pour faire passer l'unité du quantième affichée dans le guichet 38 à l'unité suivante, sauf une fois par mois, lorsque le mobile de quantième 16, 28-31 se trouve à une position angulaire correspondant au quantième 31. Dans cette position en effet, la denture du pignon des unités 32 est en regard de l'espace vide 29' de la denture de la roue des unités 29 et n'est donc pas entraínée. Lorsque le mobile de quantième 16, 28-31 passe de la position angulaire correspondant au 31 à celle correspondant au 1er, le disque des unités 33 reste donc immobile et le chiffre 1 des unités reste affiché à travers le guichet 38.When the date mobile 16, 28-31 is turned one step, either by the small pawl 14, instantaneously, or by the large pawl 40, trailingly, the wheel units 29 of the date mobile 16, 28-31 moves the pinion of the units 32 one step in order to move the date unit displayed in the aperture 38 to the next unit, except once a month, when the date mobile 16, 28-31 is in an angular position corresponding to the calendar 31. In this position in fact, the toothing of the gear of the units 32 is opposite the empty space 29 'of the toothing of the wheel of the units 29 and is therefore not driven . When the date mobile 16, 28-31 moves from the angular position corresponding to 31 to that corresponding to the 1st , the disk of the units 33 remains stationary and the number 1 of the units remains displayed through the window 38.

Le pignon des dizaines 34, lui, n'est entraíné par la roue des dizaines 30 du mobile de quantième 16, 28-31 que quatre fois par mois, correspondant aux changements de dizaine du quantième, lorsque la denture du pignon des dizaines 34 se trouve dans le chemin de l'une des quatre dents de la roue des dizaines 30. A chaque fois que le pignon des dizaines 34 est déplacé d'un pas, le disque des dizaines 35 solidaire du pignon 34 se déplace également pour afficher la dizaine du quantième suivante dans le guichet 39.The pinion of the tens 34, him, is driven by the wheel of tens 30 of the mobile calendar 16, 28-31 only four times a month, corresponding to changes of tens of the date, when the teeth of the tens gear 34 is in the path of one of the four teeth of the tens wheel 30. Whenever the tens pinion 34 is moved one step, the disk of the tens 35 secured to the pinion 34 also moves to display the tens the next date in box 39.

Chaque rotation d'un pas du mobile de quantième 16, 28-31 entraíne par ailleurs, via la roue intermédiaire de quantième 41 et le pignon de renvoi 42, une rotation d'un pas de la roue des mois 43 et du disque des mois 44. Cette rotation d'un pas de la roue 43 et du disque 44 n'entraíne toutefois une rotation du pignon des mois 47 par le doigt 45 du disque des mois 44 que lorsque le mobile de quantième 16, 28-31 passe d'une position angulaire correspondant au 31 à une position angulaire correspondant au 1er, le doigt 45 étant le reste du temps hors de la denture du pignon des mois 47. Chaque rotation d'un pas du pignon des mois 47 fait tourner d'un pas la came des mois 26 et l'aiguille indicatrice du mois 48 située au-dessus de la zone d'affichage des mois 49 sur le cadran de la montre pour le passage au mois suivant. Chaque rotation d'un pas du pignon des mois 47 entraíne également une rotation d'un pas de la roue de 48 mois 50 laquelle entraíne elle-même, par l'intermédiaire des roues d'année 51, 52, une rotation d'un pas de la came d'année bissextile 27 et de l'aiguille d'indication d'année bissextile 53 associée à la zone d'affichage 54 sur le cadran de la montre. Each rotation of a step of the date wheel 16, 28-31 also causes, via the intermediate date wheel 41 and the idler gear 42, a rotation of one wheel step of the month 43 and the disk of the months. 44. This rotation of a pitch of the wheel 43 and the disk 44 does however cause a rotation of the pinion of the months 47 by the finger 45 of the month disk 44 that when the mobile date 16, 28-31 passes from an angular position corresponding to the 31 at an angular position corresponding to the 1st , the finger 45 being the rest of the time outside the teeth of the pinion of the months 47. Each rotation of a step of the pinion of the months 47 rotates a step the cam of the months 26 and the indicator hand of the month 48 located above the display area of the months 49 on the dial of the watch for the passage to the following month. Each rotation of a step of the pinion of the months 47 also causes a rotation of one step of the wheel of 48 months 50 which drives itself, through the wheels of the year 51, 52, a rotation of a not the leap year cam 27 and the leap year indication needle 53 associated with the display area 54 on the watch face.

Les doigts 9, 10 des bascules 3, 4 sont conformés pour que la chute de la bascule de quantième 3 intervienne toujours avant la chute de la bascule de correction 4. Ainsi, le déplacement instantané d'un pas qu'effectue chaque jour le mobile de quantième 16, 28-31 pendant la chute de la bascule de quantième 3, déplacement qui, comme expliqué ci-dessus, provoque un déplacement du pignon des mois 47 et de la came des mois 27 à chaque fin de mois, se produit alors que le palpeur 24-25 de la bascule de correction 4 est éloigné de la surface périphérique des cames 26, 27. On évite de cette manière un blocage du mécanisme.The fingers 9, 10 of the latches 3, 4 are shaped so that the fall of the date scale 3 always intervenes before the fall of the correction 4. Thus, the instantaneous displacement of a step that the mobile calendar 16, 28-31 during the fall of the calendar rocker 3, displacement which, as explained above, causes a displacement of the pinion months 47 and the cam of the months 27 at each end of the month, occurs while the probe 24-25 of the correction lever 4 is removed from the surface cam device 26, 27. In this way a blockage of the mechanism.

A tout moment pendant le fonctionnement du mécanisme, la position angulaire du mobile de quantième 16, 28-31, de l'étoile des jours 17, du pignon de lune 62 et du pignon des mois 47 peut être corrigée manuellement par l'intermédiaire des correcteurs 73-76 respectivement, et ceci sans risque de blocage. Concernant plus particulièrement le pignon des mois 47, il est à noter qu'une rotation de ce pignon 47 par le correcteur 76 n'affecte jamais la position angulaire du mobile de quantième 16, 28-31. En effet, lorsque cette rotation a lieu alors que le doigt 45 est hors de la denture du pignon des mois 47, le disque des mois 44 ne peut être entraíné par le pignon des mois 47. Lorsque la rotation du pignon des mois 47 a lieu alors que le doigt 45 est dans la denture dudit pignon 47, le disque des mois 44 est certes entraíné d'un pas dans le sens contraire des aiguilles des heures et des minutes de la montre, mais comme le trou 46' est plus grand que la goupille 46 qu'il reçoit, la roue des mois 43 reste elle immobile, laissant ainsi également immobile le mobile de quantième 16, 28-31.At any time during the operation of the mechanism, the position angle of the date mobile 16, 28-31, the star of the days 17, the pinion of moon 62 and pinion 47 months can be corrected manually by intermediaries 73-76 respectively, and this without risk of blocking. Concerning more particularly the pinion of the months 47, it should be noted that a rotation of this pinion 47 by the corrector 76 never affects the position angle of the date mobile 16, 28-31. Indeed, when this rotation takes place while the finger 45 is out of the teeth of the pinion of the months 47, the disc of month 44 can not be driven by the pinion of the months 47. When the rotation of the pinion of the months 47 takes place while the finger 45 is in the toothing of said pinion 47, the record of the months 44 is certainly led to a step in the opposite direction of hour and minute hands of the watch, but as the 46 'hole is no longer big as the pin 46 it receives, the wheel of the 43 months remains motionless, thus leaving also the mobile of date 16, 28-31.

La présente invention telle que décrite ci-dessus présente plusieurs avantages en plus de ceux déjà mentionnés. L'un d'entre eux est que l'indication du changement de quantième est effectuée de manière instantanée la plupart du temps, à savoir lors du passage d'un jour au suivant à l'intérieur d'un mois et lors du passage du dernier jour d'un mois de 31 jours au premier jour du mois suivant, mais avec un risque réduit de voir le mobile de quantième 16, 28-31 entraíné par son inertie dans un déplacement non souhaité, ceci grâce au fait que le déplacement du mobile de quantième 16, 28-31 lors du passage du dernier jour d'un mois de moins de 31 jours au premier jour du mois suivant est effectué en partie de manière traínante. Plus particulièrement, on observera que, dans l'exemple illustré, les déplacements instantanés du mobile de quantième 16, 28-31 sont toujours limités à un seul pas.The present invention as described above shows several benefits in addition to those already mentioned. One of them is that the indication of date change is made instantaneously most of the time, namely when changing from one day to the next within a month and during from the last day of a 31-day month to the first day of the following month, but with a reduced risk of seeing the mobile of date 16, 28-31 driven by its inertia in an undesired displacement, thanks to the fact that the moving the date wheel 16, 28-31 during the passage of the last day one month less than 31 days to the first day of the following month is made in part in a slow way. In particular, it will be observed that in the illustrated example, the instantaneous movements of the date mobile 16, 28-31 are always limited to one step.

Un autre avantage de l'invention est qu'elle permet, par la présence des deux bascules 3, 4 portant respectivement le petit cliquet 14 et le grand cliquet 40, de créer un angle de déplacement suffisant pour les cliquets 14, 40 tout en libérant de la place pour un autre dispositif d'affichage à savoir, dans l'exemple illustré, le dispositif d'affichage de la phase de lune 62-68, et tout en permettant un affichage grand format du quantième par deux disques juxtaposés 33, 35. D'une manière générale, on notera que le mécanisme selon l'invention permet une disposition conviviale de différentes zones d'affichage bien lisibles sur le cadran de la montre.Another advantage of the invention is that it allows, by the presence of two latches 3, 4 respectively carrying the small pawl 14 and the large pawl 40, to create a sufficient displacement angle for the ratchets 14, 40 while freeing up space for another display device namely, in the example illustrated, the device for displaying the moon phase 62-68, and while allowing a large format display of the date by two juxtaposed disks 33, 35. In general, it should be noted that the mechanism according to the invention allows a user-friendly layout of different clearly readable display areas on the dial of the watch.

La présente invention a été décrite ci-dessus à titre d'exemple uniquement. Il va de soi que des modifications peuvent être faites sans sortir du cadre de l'invention. Par exemple, le mécanisme pourrait être rendu simplement annuel en supprimant la came d'année bissextile 27 et les engrenages qui y sont associés. Une autre modification pourrait consister à supprimer le dispositif d'affichage de phase de lune 62-68 ou à le remplacer par un tourbillon, par exemple.The present invention has been described above by way of example only. It goes without saying that modifications can be made without departing from the invention. For example, the mechanism could be made simply yearly by removing the leap year cam 27 and the gears associated therewith. Another change could be to remove the display device from moon phase 62-68 or replace it with a vortex, for example.

Claims (14)

Mécanisme de quantième perpétuel ou annuel comprenant un mobile de quantième (16, 28-31) et des moyens (2, 3, 4, 14, 40) d'entraínement du mobile du quantième, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'entraínement sont agencés pour déplacer le mobile de quantième de façon instantanée lors du passage d'un jour au suivant à l'intérieur d'un mois mais au moins en partie de façon traínante lors du passage du dernier jour d'un mois de moins de 31 jours au premier jour du mois suivant.Perpetual or annual calendar mechanism comprising a date mobile (16, 28-31) and means (2, 3, 4, 14, 40) for driving the mobile of the date, characterized in that the drive means are arranged to move the date mobile instantaneously during the transition from one day to the next within a month but at least partly in a trailing manner during the passage of the last day of a month of less than 31 days the first day of the following month. Mécanisme de quantième selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'entraínement (2, 3, 4, 14, 40) sont agencés pour déplacer le mobile de quantième (16, 28-31) en partie de façon traínante et en partie de façon instantanée lors du passage du dernier jour d'un mois de moins de 31 jours au premier jour du mois suivant.Date mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive means (2, 3, 4, 14, 40) are arranged to move the date wheel (16, 28-31) partly in a tractive manner and part instantaneously when changing from the last day of a month of less than 31 days to the first day of the following month. Mécanisme de quantième selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'entraínement (2, 3, 4, 14, 40) sont agencés pour, lors du passage du dernier jour d'un mois de moins de 31 jours au premier jour du mois suivant, déplacer le mobile de quantième (16, 28-31) de façon traínante jusqu'à ce qu'il atteigne une position angulaire correspondant au 31 puis de façon instantanée pour passer du 31 au 1er.Date mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the drive means (2, 3, 4, 14, 40) are arranged for, during the transition from the last day of a month of less than 31 days to the first day the following month, move the wheel set (16, 28-31) so as trailing until it reaches an angular position corresponding to 31 and then instantly to switch from 31 to 1. Mécanisme de quantième selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'entraínement (2, 3, 4, 14, 40) sont agencés pour déplacer le mobile de quantième (16, 28-31) de façon instantanée lors du passage du dernier jour d'un mois de 31 jours au premier jour du mois suivant. Date mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the drive means (2, 3, 4, 14, 40) are arranged to move the date wheel (16, 28-31) of instantaneous change from the last day of a 31-day month to the first day of the following month. Mécanisme de quantième selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'entraínement (2, 3, 4, 14, 40) comprennent une première bascule (3) portant un premier cliquet (14) coopérant avec une roue de quantième (16) du mobile de quantième (16, 28-31) pour déplacer le mobile de quantième (16, 28-31) de façon instantanée lors du passage d'un jour au suivant à l'intérieur d'un mois et lors du passage du dernier jour d'un mois de 31 jours au premier jour du mois suivant, une seconde bascule (4) entraínant un second cliquet (40) coopérant avec un organe de correction (31) du mobile de quantième (16, 28-31) pour déplacer le mobile de quantième (16, 28-31) de façon traínante lors du passage du dernier jour d'un mois de moins de 31 jours au premier jour du mois suivant jusqu'à ce que le mobile de quantième (16, 28-31) atteigne une position correspondant au 31 avant que le premier cliquet (14) ne déplace ce mobile de quantième (16, 28-31) d'un pas de façon instantanée, et des moyens (2) d'entraínement des première et seconde bascules (3, 4).Date mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the drive means (2, 3, 4, 14, 40) comprise a first latch (3) carrying a first pawl (14) cooperating with a date wheel (16) of the date wheel (16, 28-31) for moving the date wheel (16, 28-31) instantaneously when changing from one day to the next inside a wheel month and during the passage of the last day of a month of 31 days to the first day of the following month, a second rocker (4) causing a second pawl (40) cooperating with a correction member (31) of the date mobile (16). , 28-31) for moving the date mobile (16, 28-31) in a trolling manner during the transition from the last day of a month of less than 31 days to the first day of the following month until the mobile of date (16, 28-31) reaches a position corresponding to the 31 before the first pawl (14) moves this date mobile (16, 28- 31) of a step instantaneously, and means (2) for driving the first and second latches (3, 4). Mécanisme de quantième selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'entraínement des première et seconde bascules comprennent un organe d'entraínement (2) coopérant avec des doigts respectifs (9, 10) des première et seconde bascules (3, 4) pour, chaque jour, soulever progressivement ces bascules (3, 4) à l'encontre de moyens élastiques (12, 13), et en ce que les déplacements du mobile de quantième (16, 28-31) par le second cliquet (40) sont effectués lors du soulèvement de la seconde bascule (4) et les déplacements du mobile de quantième (16, 28-31) par le premier cliquet (14) sont effectués lors d'une chute de la première bascule (3) consécutive à son soulèvement. Date mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that the drive means of the first and second latches comprise a drive member (2) cooperating with respective fingers (9, 10) of the first and second latches (3, 4). ), each day, gradually lift these latches (3, 4) against elastic means (12, 13), and in that the movements of the date mobile (16, 28-31) by the second pawl ( 40) are made during the raising of the second latch (4) and the movements of the date mobile (16, 28-31) by the first pawl (14) are performed during a fall of the first flip-flop (3) in a row to his uprising. Mécanisme de quantième selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la seconde bascule (4) comprend un organe de palpage (25) qui, en position de repos, avant le soulèvement de la seconde bascule (4), est en contact avec une came des mois (26) ou une came d'année bissextile (27) pour définir une amplitude de soulèvement de la seconde bascule (4) dépendant du nombre de jours du mois en cours, et en ce que la chute de la première bascule (3) intervient avant la chute de la seconde bascule (4) de manière à éviter un blocage du mécanisme pendant le déplacement instantané du mobile de quantième (16, 28-31) par le premier cliquet (14) lors du passage du dernier jour d'un mois au premier jour du mois suivant.Date mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that the second flip-flop (4) comprises a feeler member (25) which, in the rest position, before the lifting of the second flip-flop (4), is in contact with a cam months (26) or a leap year cam (27) for setting a lifting amplitude of the second latch (4) dependent on the number of days of the current month, and that the falling of the first latch (3). ) intervenes before the fall of the second rocker (4) so as to avoid a locking mechanism during the instantaneous movement of the date mobile (16, 28-31) by the first pawl (14) during the passage of the last day of one month to the first day of the following month. Mécanisme de quantième selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les première et seconde bascules (3, 4) sont pivotantes autour d'un même axe (5).Date mechanism according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the first and second latches (3, 4) are pivotable about a same axis (5). Mécanisme de quantième selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 8, caractérisé en ce que chacune des première et seconde bascules (3, 4) est conformée pour que son centre de gravité soit sensiblement sur son axe de pivotement (5).Date mechanism according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that each of the first and second latches (3, 4) is shaped so that its center of gravity is substantially on its pivot axis (5). Mécanisme de quantième selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre des premier et second organes indicateurs (33, 35) juxtaposés et portant respectivement des chiffres représentatifs des unités du quantième et des chiffres représentatifs des dizaines du quantième, et en ce que ces premier et second organes indicateurs (33, 35) sont portés respectivement par un pignon des unités (32) et un pignon des dizaines (34) engrenant avec une roue des unités (29) et une roue des dizaines (30) du mobile de quantième (16, 28-31).Date mechanism according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that it further comprises first and second indicator members (33, 35) juxtaposed and bearing respectively representative numbers of the date units and representative numbers of the tens of the date, and in that these first and second indicator members (33, 35) are carried respectively by a pinion of the units (32) and a tens pinion (34) meshing with a wheel of the units (29) and a wheel tens (30) of the date mobile (16, 28-31). Mécanisme de quantième selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le second cliquet (40) est porté par une navette (11) montée pivotante autour du même axe que le pignon des dizaines (34) et comprenant un râteau (22) en prise avec un râteau (23) de la seconde bascule (4).Date mechanism according to claim 10, characterized in that the second pawl (40) is carried by a shuttle (11) pivotally mounted about the same axis as the tens pinion (34) and comprising a rake (22) engaged with a rake (23) of the second flip-flop (4). Mécanisme de quantième selon la revendication 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce que les dents de la roue des unités (29) et du pignon des unités (32) ont une forme épicycloïdale et chaque dent de la roue des unités (29), lorsqu'elle est alignée sur la ligne imaginaire passant par les centres respectifs de la roue des unités (29) et du pignon des unités (32), est centrée dans un entre-dent du pignon des unités (32).Date mechanism according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the teeth of the wheel of the units (29) and the gearwheel of the units (32) have an epicycloidal shape and each tooth of the wheel of the units (29), when it is aligned with the imaginary line passing through the respective centers of the wheel units (29) and gear units (32), is centered in a toothed gear units (32). Mécanisme de quantième selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un pignon des mois (47) portant un organe indicateur du mois (48), en ce que ce pignon des mois (47) est entraíné par un disque (44) comportant un doigt (45) sur sa périphérie et entraíné lui-même par une roue (43) coaxiale avec le disque (44) par l'intermédiaire d'une goupille (46) solidaire de ladite roue (43) et située dans une ouverture (46') du disque (44), ladite roue (43) étant elle-même entraínée par le mobile de quantième (16, 28-31) via des engrenages (41, 42), et en ce que l'ouverture (46') du disque (44) a une taille plus grande que celle de la goupille (46) de sorte que lors d'une correction de la position angulaire du pignon des mois (47) par un correcteur (76) actionnable manuellement, un déplacement du disque (44) par le pignon des mois (47) n'affecte pas la position angulaire de ladite roue (43).Date mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that it comprises a month pinion (47) carrying a month indicator member (48), in that this month pinion (47) is driven by a disc (44) having a finger (45) on its periphery and itself driven by a wheel (43) coaxial with the disk (44) via a pin (46) integral with said wheel (43). ) and located in an opening (46 ') of the disc (44), said wheel (43) itself being driven by the date wheel (16, 28-31) via gears (41, 42), and in that that the opening (46 ') of the disk (44) is larger than that of the pin (46) so that when the angular position of the month pinion (47) is corrected by a corrector (76); ) operable manually, a displacement of the disc (44) by the pinion months (47) does not affect the angular position of said wheel (43). Pièce d'horlogerie comprenant un mécanisme de quantième selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13.Timepiece comprising a date mechanism according to one any of claims 1 to 13.
EP05005083.0A 2004-04-14 2005-03-09 Ewiger Kalendermechanismus Active EP1586962B9 (en)

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CH6482004 2004-04-14
CH00648/04A CH697662B1 (en) 2004-04-14 2004-04-14 Mechanism of perpetual or annual calendar.

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1586962A3 (en) 2008-09-10
EP1586962B1 (en) 2013-07-17
US20050232085A1 (en) 2005-10-20
CH697662B1 (en) 2009-01-15
JP4504863B2 (en) 2010-07-14
US7706214B2 (en) 2010-04-27
JP2005300548A (en) 2005-10-27
EP1586962B9 (en) 2013-10-09
HK1075940A1 (en) 2005-12-30

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