EP3026504A1 - Annual or perpetual calendar mechanism and timepiece comprising the use thereof - Google Patents

Annual or perpetual calendar mechanism and timepiece comprising the use thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3026504A1
EP3026504A1 EP14195258.0A EP14195258A EP3026504A1 EP 3026504 A1 EP3026504 A1 EP 3026504A1 EP 14195258 A EP14195258 A EP 14195258A EP 3026504 A1 EP3026504 A1 EP 3026504A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
month
wheel
teeth
date
annual
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14195258.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3026504B1 (en
Inventor
Giulio Papi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Manufacture dHorlogerie Audemars Piguet SA
Original Assignee
Manufacture dHorlogerie Audemars Piguet SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Manufacture dHorlogerie Audemars Piguet SA filed Critical Manufacture dHorlogerie Audemars Piguet SA
Priority to EP14195258.0A priority Critical patent/EP3026504B1/en
Priority to US14/948,540 priority patent/US9703262B2/en
Priority to JP2015230630A priority patent/JP6513560B2/en
Priority to CN201510849591.4A priority patent/CN105652634B/en
Publication of EP3026504A1 publication Critical patent/EP3026504A1/en
Priority to HK16108509.9A priority patent/HK1220517A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3026504B1 publication Critical patent/EP3026504B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/24—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars
    • G04B19/241—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars the date is indicated by one or more hands
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/26—Clocks or watches with indicators for tides, for the phases of the moon, or the like
    • G04B19/268—Clocks or watches with indicators for tides, for the phases of the moon, or the like with indicators for the phases of the moon
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/24—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars
    • G04B19/243—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars characterised by the shape of the date indicator
    • G04B19/247—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars characterised by the shape of the date indicator disc-shaped
    • G04B19/253—Driving or releasing mechanisms
    • G04B19/25333—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement
    • G04B19/25353—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement driven or released stepwise by the clockwork movement
    • G04B19/2536—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement driven or released stepwise by the clockwork movement automatically corrected at the end of months having less than 31 days
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/24—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars
    • G04B19/243—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars characterised by the shape of the date indicator
    • G04B19/247—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars characterised by the shape of the date indicator disc-shaped
    • G04B19/253—Driving or releasing mechanisms
    • G04B19/25333—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement
    • G04B19/2534—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement driven or released continuously by the clockwork movement
    • G04B19/25346—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement driven or released continuously by the clockwork movement manually corrected at the end of months having less than 31 days
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/24—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars
    • G04B19/243—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars characterised by the shape of the date indicator
    • G04B19/247—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars characterised by the shape of the date indicator disc-shaped
    • G04B19/253—Driving or releasing mechanisms
    • G04B19/25333—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement
    • G04B19/25373—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement driven or released stepwise by an energy source which is released at determined moments by the clockwork movement
    • G04B19/2538—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement driven or released stepwise by an energy source which is released at determined moments by the clockwork movement automatically corrected at the end of months having less than 31 days

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of watchmaking. More specifically, it relates to an annual or perpetual calendar mechanism, as well as a timepiece comprising such a mechanism.
  • a watch may be equipped with a display that presents one or more information concerning the date of the current day and including the date. This display is controlled by a mechanism such as an annual calendar mechanism or a perpetual calendar mechanism, which is driven by the movement of the watch.
  • An annual calendar mechanism takes into account the existence of months of less than 31 days in the Gregorian calendar and makes, at the end of each month, a correction in which the date or dates in excess until the first date of the next month passed quickly.
  • a perpetual calendar mechanism performs the same corrections as an annual calendar mechanism, as well as a correction adding the date 29 in a February of a leap year.
  • a perpetual calendar mechanism including a date wheel comprises thirty-one teeth each provided for receiving a step actuation from a first ratchet, during a from one day to the next.
  • This date wheel is part of a calendar mobile also comprising a spiral whose two ends are connected by a notch allowing a second ratchet to make the corrections at the end of the month of less than 31 days.
  • the same scale carries the first and second ratchets.
  • a wheel of month is driven from the movement of the mobile calendar, one step at each change of month. It is integral with a cam which regulates the amplitude of the movement of the rocker and which thus determines, for each month, if a correction must be made and, if so, how many days must be this correction.
  • the perpetual calendar mechanism described in the aforementioned patent U.S. 4,674,889 United States of America has many components and is somewhat congested. This size is likely to play on the thickness and volume of a watch incorporating the perpetual calendar mechanism. However, for aesthetic reasons and / or for reasons of wearing comfort, it may be desired that the thickness and / or the volume of a watch are not too important.
  • the invention aims at least to reduce locally or entirely at least one dimension of congestion that has an annual or perpetual calendar mechanism.
  • Each of the 31 teeth of the date wheel has a profile that forms a peripheral edge of the date wheel.
  • the peripheral edge of the date wheel also forms said notch which is interposed between two consecutive teeth among the 31 teeth of the date wheel.
  • the date wheel can be the mobile dates, whose thickness can be reduced to the thickness of a wheel.
  • the annual or perpetual calendar mechanism defined above may incorporate one or more other advantageous characteristics, alone or in combination, in particular from those specified hereinafter.
  • the 31 teeth of the date wheel consist of 30 teeth of a first type and a tooth of a second type.
  • Each tooth of the first type has a vertex and a rear side away from this vertex by deporting progressively rearward so as to be hooked by the first ratchet finger and not by the second ratchet finger.
  • the tooth of the second type has a vertex and a rear side delimiting the notch and moving away from this vertex by deporting progressively forward so that the tooth of the second type can be hooked by the first ratchet finger as well. by the second ratchet finger.
  • each of the teeth of the wheel of the months has a profile that forms a peripheral edge of this wheel of the months.
  • the peripheral edge of the wheel of the months also forms said end stops, which are recesses of notches alternating with the teeth of the wheel of the months.
  • the date wheel, the month wheel, the rocker and the maneuvering device extend in the same plane and the entire annual calendar mechanism or perpetual can be flattened and have a thickness of the order of the thickness of a wheel only.
  • the rocker comprises a probing pin configured to fit into any of said notches and be stopped by the bottom of this notch, in the start position.
  • each of the notches associated with the months of less than 31 days has an inlet located between two consecutive teeth of the month wheel and a section which is at a distance from these two consecutive teeth and which is widened with respect to the entrance.
  • the notches can be inserted between the teeth of the wheel of the months, without these teeth being too weakened and without risk that the insertion of the tail Probing in one of the notches associated with months less than 31 days is difficult.
  • the probe tip has a curvature which is uniform and which is centered on a tilting axis of the rocker.
  • the annual or perpetual calendar mechanism comprises a gear that engages with the teeth of the wheel months and is associated with a display of the current month.
  • the teeth of the wheel months perform two functions, having in turn the function of receiving an actuation from the actuating finger and that of applying actuation to the pinion. It follows a simplification and a possibility of saving space.
  • the same pivotally mounted part on the rocker and resiliently biased against a stop of this rocker defines both the first pawl and the second pawl, which is offset from the first pawl, downstream considering the direction of driving of a tooth of the date wheel by the first ratchet finger. If necessary, this may have the advantage of allowing simplification by reducing the number of parts and / or gain in space.
  • a part defining at least one of the first and second pawl fingers is pivotally mounted on the rocker by means of a cylindrical hinge having a cylindrical housing and a complementary cylindrical head.
  • the cylindrical housing is open radially at a radial passage, between two positions angularly offset from one another about a pivot axis of the cylindrical head in the cylindrical housing.
  • the cylindrical head is carried by a neck passing through the radial passage.
  • a cylindrical articulation thus formed can be flat and extend in a plane, in particular in the same plane as the date wheel, which may allow a reduction in the thickness of the annual or perpetual calendar mechanism.
  • the date wheel and the month wheel extend in the same plane.
  • one of the teeth of the date wheel is preferably radially more protruding than the other teeth of the date wheel and forms said actuating finger.
  • the invention further relates to a timepiece that has one of the annual or perpetual calendar mechanisms defined above.
  • a wristwatch according to the invention is shown without its watch case, without its dial and without other components known in themselves and not directly related to the invention.
  • the reference 1 designates a watch movement with which is associated a perpetual calendar mechanism 2 according to the invention.
  • a train 3 couples the mobile hours 4 of the watch movement 1 to a toothed wheel 5, which is secured to a finger 6.
  • the finger 6 performs one revolution per day. It is intended to maneuver once a day an actuating lever 9 by acting on a pin 10 of this actuating lever 9.
  • a spring 12 is provided to return the actuating lever 9 to a standby position, after each maneuver thereof.
  • the actuating lever 9 comprises a rake 13 which is engaged with a complementary rake 20 fitted to a lever 21.
  • the rocker 21 is constitutive of the perpetual calendar mechanism 2, which also comprises a date mobile 23, a jumper 24 defining the stable angular positions of this date mobile 23, a mobile of the month 25, a pinion 26 with twelve teeth engraining with this mobile months 25, and a jumper 31 defining the stable angular positions of the pinion 26.
  • a needle 27 integral with the date mobile 23 is provided to indicate the current date on a scale Circular known in itself and not shown that wears the dial also not shown of the watch.
  • a needle 28 integral with the mobile of months 25 is provided to indicate the type of current year, namely leap or non-leap, designating one of four sectors each 90 ° within a crown known per se and not represented, that wears the dial of the watch.
  • a needle 29 integral with the pinion 26 is provided to indicate the current month on a circular graduation known per se and not shown that bears the dial of the watch.
  • all or part of the information that is the current calendar, the current month and the current year type can each be indicated by means of a mobile disk masked by the watch face, except at the level of a counter.
  • a record bearing the numbers of the dates may be integral with the date mobile 23 and partially visible at the right of a window pierced in the dial of the watch.
  • the date mobile 23 can also be kinematically connected to a display device, in the manner disclosed in the European patent application. EP 1,586,962 .
  • a pusher 30 is able to act on one end 40 of the latch 21, as well as on the mobile of the months 25, in order to modify the respective positions of this mobile of the months 25 and the mobile 23, during an update of the date indicated by the needles 27, 28 and 29.
  • the dates mobile 23 is solely constituted by a date wheel. In what follows, we designate with the same reference 23 this mobile dates and its date wheel. In the direction of the thickness, the date mobile 23 has only one stage, that is to say one less than the date mobile described in the aforementioned patent U.S. 4,674,889 .
  • the motive of the months 25 is only a month wheel.
  • the same reference number 25 refers to this mobile of months and its wheel of months.
  • the mobile of the month 25 has only one floor, that is to say one less than the motive of the months described in the aforementioned patent U.S. 4,674,889 .
  • the perpetual calendar mechanism 2 is flat. Its flip-flop 21, its double ratchet 22, its dates mobile 23, its jumper 24, its mobile 25 months and pinion 26 are all flat and extend in the same plane P 1 . They also have substantially all the same thickness e, which is also that of the perpetual calendar mechanism 2, with the exception of the rotating or tilting mounting shafts.
  • the date mobile 23 has a thickness which is only that of its date wheel 23, while the mobile of the month 25 has a thickness which is only that of its wheel of the month 23.
  • the perpetual calendar mechanism 2 is therefore particularly thin, in that its thickness e is reduced to the thickness of a wheel.
  • the latch 21 comprises two opposite end portions 41 and 42, which are substantially opposite on either side of the date wheel 23 and that connects an arcuate arm 43 surrounding this date wheel 23 on more than 'a half turn.
  • the axis X 1 -X ' 1 of tilting of the rocker 21 passes at the end portion 41, between the end 40 and the rake 20 defined by this end portion 41.
  • the other portion of end 42 terminates with a probing tip 44 intended to abut against the wheel of the months 25.
  • It also carries the double ratchet 22, which is pivotally mounted about a tilting axis X 2 -X ' 2 mobile parallel to the tilting axis X 1 -X ' 1 .
  • the double pawl 22 is connected to the latch 21 by a cylindrical hinge 45, which is flat and which comprises a flat cylindrical housing 45 and a complementary flat cylindrical head 47.
  • This cylindrical head 47 pivots in the cylindrical housing 46, on its pivot axis which is the tilting axis X 2 -X ' 2 .
  • the cylindrical housing 46 is delimited by a bend of the end portion 12, so as to be open radially towards the arcuate arm 43, at a radial passage 53.
  • a neck 48 of the double pawl 22 between radially by this radial passage 53, to the cylindrical housing 46, and is extended by the flat head 47.
  • the double pawl 22 is an integral piece defining the flat head 47, the neck 48, a return spring 49, as well as two consecutive pawl fingers, namely an upstream ratchet finger 50 and a downstream ratchet finger 51 which are both intended to rotate the date wheel 23, but at different times, as will be detailed below.
  • upstream and downstream refer to the direction of progression of a tooth hooked and driven by the double ratchet 22.
  • the spring 49 recalls the double ratchet 22 in an operative position, against a bend 52 extended by the probe tip 44. This probe tip 44 has a uniform curvature, which is centered on the tilting axis X 1 -X ' 1 of the latch 21.
  • the date wheel 23 has thirty-one successive angular positions stabilized by the jumper 24.
  • a calendar is associated with each of these stabilized angular positions.
  • the date wheel 23 When the date wheel 23 is rotated by one step, it moves from a stabilized angular position to the next stabilized angular position, which corresponds to a change from a date to the next date.
  • the date associated with a stabilized position of the date wheel 23 is indicated by the needle 27 when the date wheel 23 is in this stabilized position.
  • the date wheel 23 is a toothed wheel having a peripheral edge 60, as well as thirty-one radial peripheral teeth 61, 62 and 64, the respective profiles of which are formed by this peripheral edge 60.
  • thirty teeth 61 and 62 of a first type each have a substantially triangular profile.
  • the peripheral edge 60 further forms a notch 63, which is between a tooth 61 and a tooth 64 of a second type.
  • Each tooth 61 or 62 has a rear side 65 away from the top of this tooth 61 or 62 by deporting progressively towards the rear.
  • the tooth 64 has a rear side 66 forming an edge of the notch 63 and moving away from the top of this tooth 64 by progressively deporting forward.
  • the upstream ratchet finger 50 can hook and downwardly engage each of the teeth 61, 62 and 64.
  • the downstream ratchet finger 51 slides on the rear sides 65 of the teeth 61 and 62, which it can not move. therefore train.
  • the downstream ratchet pin 51 can engage in the notch 63, hook on the rear side 66 and drive tooth 64 with one or more steps.
  • the wheel of the months 25 is a toothed wheel having forty-eight radial peripheral teeth 70.
  • the peripheral edge 71 of this wheel of the months 25 forms the contour of each peripheral tooth 70. It delimits furthermore forty eight notches 72, 73, 74 and 75 , that is to say, as many notches as teeth 70.
  • Each of the notches 72 to 75 extends from the periphery of the wheel 25 months and is between two successive teeth 70.
  • Each notch 72, 73, 74 or 75 is associated with a month of the year and its depth is a function of the duration of this month.
  • Notches 72 to 75 follow one another circumferentially in the same order as the months of the year to which they correspond.
  • the wheel of the month 25 has forty-eight successive angular positions, each stabilized by the stabilization of the pinion 26 by the jumper 31. One month is associated with each of these stabilized angular positions.
  • the month wheel 25 When the month wheel 25 is rotated by one step, it moves from a stabilized angular position to the next stabilized angular position, which corresponds to a change from one month to the next month.
  • the forty-eight teeth and forty-eight notches in the 25-month wheel correspond to a cycle of four consecutive years, of which one is leap.
  • the probe tip 44 is inserted successively into each of the notches 72 to 75 as the wheel of the months 25 is rotated stepwise.
  • Each of the notches 73 to 75 has, along its entire length, the same uniform curvature as the probe tip 44.
  • Each of the notches 73 to 75 has an inlet 77 located at the periphery of the wheel 25, between two peripheral teeth 70 consecutive, and an enlarged section 78 which starts at a distance from these two peripheral teeth 70.
  • Each notch 72, 73, 74 or 75 comprises a bottom which forms a start stop 76 for the probe tip 44.
  • the elastic return exerted by the spring 12 is reflected by a recall of the latch 21 in a standby position, in which the probe tip 44 is pushed against one of the start stops 76.
  • the latch 21 Before being actuated, the latch 21 thus occupies a start position determined by a start stop 76 or, more precisely, by the depth at which this end stop 76 is located.
  • the rocker 21 makes an angular stroke which always ends at same place, but whose beginning is variable, like its amplitude.
  • the month wheel 25 occupies the angular position associated with the month of September of a leap year.
  • the date wheel 23 occupies the angular position associated with the date 29.
  • the corresponding date is September 29 of a leap year.
  • the date goes from 29 to 30 September.
  • the latch 21 Activated via its rake 20, the latch 21 has just left its starting position of the race of the figure 3 and toggles as indicated by the arrows B 1 , during a race to go.
  • This rocker 21 then drives with it the double ratchet 22, whose downstream ratchet finger 51 remains passive, but whose upstream ratchet finger 50, in engagement with a tooth 61, rotates with a pitch P 1 the date wheel. 23 to bring it into the position associated with the date 30.
  • the latch 21 performs its return stroke B 2 consecutive to its forward stroke B 1 and returns to its start position.
  • the upstream ratchet finger 50 passes a tooth 61 without hanging it, thanks to a tilting B 3 of the double ratchet 22 against the return spring 49.
  • the figure 6 illustrates the state of the perpetual calendar mechanism 2 following the return B 2 illustrated in FIG. figure 5 .
  • the rocker 21 has returned to the starting position of the race it occupied at the figure 3 .
  • the date wheel 23 is in the angular position associated with the date 30.
  • the wheel of the months is in the same angular position as at the figure 3 .
  • the corresponding date is September 30 of a leap year. This is the last day of September and it will be noted that the downstream ratchet finger 51 is at the level of the notch 63, the probe shank 44 penetrating to the bottom of the notch 73 associated with the month of September of a year. leap.
  • the switchover B 4 continues at the figure 8 on which the downstream ratchet finger 51 no longer acts on the date wheel 23.
  • the upstream ratchet finger 50 is hooked on a tooth 61 and rotates the date wheel 23 with a new pitch P 3
  • This date wheel 23 in turn actuates by a step P 4 the wheel of the months, by means of its protruding tooth 62 which acts on a tooth 70.
  • the figure 9 illustrates the state of the perpetual calendar mechanism 2 when the switchover B 4 has been completed and the latch 21 has then been recalled against the wheel of the months 25.
  • the date wheel 23 is in the position associated with the date 1, while the month wheel 25 is in the position associated with the month of October of a leap year.
  • the probing tail 44 is in a very shallow notch 72 corresponding to a month of October of thirty-one days.
  • a maneuver of the latch 21 also leads to a displacement of the date wheel 23.
  • the number of steps that this displacement depends on the position of departure of the rocker 21 and thus the depth of the notch 72, 73, 74 or 75 in which is initially the probing shank 44. More downstream ratchet finger 51 clings early in the notch 63 when a movement going from the latch 21 to the end of the last day of a month of less than thirty-one days, plus the date wheel 23 will be rotated a significant number of steps.
  • the notch 72, 73, 74 or 75 associated with this month is positioned on the trajectory of the probe tip 44 and it is the same for the stop of race start 76 formed by the bottom of this notch.
  • the probe tip 44 When the wheel of the months 25 is in a position associated with a month of thirty-one days, the probe tip 44 is driven into a notch of very shallow depth 72. In this case, a maneuver of the latch 21 at the end of the last day of the month leads to that only the upstream ratchet finger 50, excluding the downstream ratchet finger 51, causes the date wheel 23 to move, which turns only one step.
  • the probe tip 44 When the 25-month wheel is in a position associated with a February of a leap year, that is, at a month of twenty-nine days, the probe tip 44 is pressed into the notch of medium depth 74. In this case, a maneuver of the latch 21 at the end of the last day of the month leads to the fact that the downstream ratchet finger 51 rotates two not the date wheel 23, before the upstream ratchet finger 50 in turn turn by one step this date wheel 23.
  • the probing tail 44 is pressed into one of the Three notches of great depth 74.
  • a maneuver of the latch 21 at the end of the last day of the month leads to the fact that the downstream ratchet finger 51 rotates by three steps the date wheel 23, before the finger The upstream ratchet 50 in turn turn this date wheel 23 by one step.
  • the month wheel may have only twelve notches associated with the twelve months of the year and an annual calendar mechanism having such a month wheel may incorporate the invention.

Abstract

Dans un mécanisme de quantième annuel ou perpétuel, un mobile des quantièmes (23) comporte un cran (63) et une roue des quantièmes (23). A chaque actionnement d'une bascule (21), un premier doigt de cliquet (50) applique un actionnement d'un pas, sur une des dents (61, 62, 64) de la roue des quantièmes (23). Lors d'un actionnement de la bascule (21) à la fin d'un mois de moins de 31 quantièmes, un deuxième doigt de cliquet (51) applique, sur le cran (63), un actionnement du mobile des quantièmes (23) d'un nombre entier de pas. Le cran (63) est intercalé entre deux dents consécutives (61, 64) parmi les dents (61, 62, 64) de la roue des quantièmes (23). La roue des quantièmes (23) a un bord périphérique (60) qui forme les profils de ses dents, ainsi que le cran (63).In an annual or perpetual calendar mechanism, a calendar mobile (23) comprises a notch (63) and a date wheel (23). Each actuation of a rocker (21), a first pawl finger (50) applies a step actuation on one of the teeth (61, 62, 64) of the date wheel (23). When actuating the rocker (21) at the end of a month of less than 31 calendar days, a second pawl finger (51) applies, on the notch (63), an actuation of the date wheel (23). a whole number of steps. The notch (63) is interposed between two consecutive teeth (61, 64) among the teeth (61, 62, 64) of the date wheel (23). The date wheel (23) has a peripheral edge (60) which forms the profiles of its teeth, as well as the notch (63).

Description

Domaine technique de l'inventionTechnical field of the invention

La présente invention se rapporte au domaine de l'horlogerie. Plus précisément, elle concerne un mécanisme de quantième annuel ou perpétuel, ainsi qu'une pièce d'horlogerie comportant un tel mécanisme.The present invention relates to the field of watchmaking. More specifically, it relates to an annual or perpetual calendar mechanism, as well as a timepiece comprising such a mechanism.

État de la techniqueState of the art

Une montre peut être équipée d'un affichage qui présente une ou plusieurs informations concernant la date du jour en cours et comprenant le quantième. Cet affichage est commandé par un mécanisme tel qu'un mécanisme de quantième annuel ou un mécanisme de quantième perpétuel, qui est entraîné par le mouvement de la montre.A watch may be equipped with a display that presents one or more information concerning the date of the current day and including the date. This display is controlled by a mechanism such as an annual calendar mechanism or a perpetual calendar mechanism, which is driven by the movement of the watch.

Un mécanisme de quantième annuel tient compte de l'existence de mois de moins de 31 jours dans le calendrier grégorien et effectue, à la fin de chacun de ces mois, une correction dans laquelle le ou les quantièmes en trop jusqu'au premier quantième du mois suivant sont passés rapidement. Un mécanisme de quantième perpétuel effectue les mêmes corrections qu'un mécanisme de quantième annuel, ainsi qu'une correction ajoutant le quantième 29 lors d'un mois de février d'une année bissextile.An annual calendar mechanism takes into account the existence of months of less than 31 days in the Gregorian calendar and makes, at the end of each month, a correction in which the date or dates in excess until the first date of the next month passed quickly. A perpetual calendar mechanism performs the same corrections as an annual calendar mechanism, as well as a correction adding the date 29 in a February of a leap year.

Dans le brevet US-4 674 889 des Etats-Unis d'Amérique, il est décrit un mécanisme de quantième perpétuel, dont une roue des quantièmes comprend trente et une dents chacune prévue pour recevoir un actionnement d'un pas de la part d'un premier cliquet, lors d'un passage d'un jour au jour suivant. Cette roue des quantièmes fait partie d'un mobile des quantièmes comprenant également un colimaçon dont les deux extrémités sont raccordées par un cran permettant à un deuxième cliquet d'effectuer les corrections à la fin des mois de moins de 31 jours. Une même bascule porte le premier et le deuxième cliquet. Par l'intermédiaire de sa denture périphérique, une roue des mois est entraînée à partir du mouvement du mobile des quantièmes, à raison d'un pas à chaque changement de mois. Elle est solidaire d'une came qui règle l'amplitude du mouvement de la bascule et qui détermine ainsi, pour chaque mois, si une correction doit être effectuée et, dans l'affirmative, de combien de quantièmes doit être cette correction.In the patent U.S. 4,674,889 of the United States of America, there is described a perpetual calendar mechanism, including a date wheel comprises thirty-one teeth each provided for receiving a step actuation from a first ratchet, during a from one day to the next. This date wheel is part of a calendar mobile also comprising a spiral whose two ends are connected by a notch allowing a second ratchet to make the corrections at the end of the month of less than 31 days. The same scale carries the first and second ratchets. By means of its peripheral toothing, a wheel of month is driven from the movement of the mobile calendar, one step at each change of month. It is integral with a cam which regulates the amplitude of the movement of the rocker and which thus determines, for each month, if a correction must be made and, if so, how many days must be this correction.

Le mécanisme de quantième perpétuel décrit dans le brevet précité US-4 674 889 des Etats-Unis d'Amérique comporte de nombreux composants et il possède un certain encombrement. Cet encombrement est susceptible de jouer sur l'épaisseur et le volume d'une montre incorporant le mécanisme de quantième perpétuel. Or, pour des raisons esthétiques et/ou pour des raisons de confort de port, on peut vouloir que l'épaisseur et/ou le volume d'une montre ne soient pas trop importantes.The perpetual calendar mechanism described in the aforementioned patent U.S. 4,674,889 United States of America has many components and is somewhat congested. This size is likely to play on the thickness and volume of a watch incorporating the perpetual calendar mechanism. However, for aesthetic reasons and / or for reasons of wearing comfort, it may be desired that the thickness and / or the volume of a watch are not too important.

Résumé de l'inventionSummary of the invention

L'invention a au moins pour but de permettre de réduire localement ou entièrement au moins une dimension de l'encombrement que possède un mécanisme de quantième annuel ou perpétuel.The invention aims at least to reduce locally or entirely at least one dimension of congestion that has an annual or perpetual calendar mechanism.

Selon l'invention, ce but est atteint grâce à un mécanisme de quantième annuel ou perpétuel, comportant :

  • un mobile des quantièmes qui est rotatif entre 31 positions angulaires successives chacune associée à l'un de 31 quantièmes et qui comporte un cran et une roue des quantièmes ayant 31 dents,
  • un mobile des mois qui est rotatif entre des positions angulaires successives chacune associée à l'un des 12 mois de l'année, qui comprend une roue des mois ayant autant de dents que le mobile des mois possède de positions angulaires et qui définit des butées de début de course chacune associée à un mois et opérationnelle pour régler une position de début de course lorsque le mobile des mois est dans la position angulaire associée à ce mois,
  • un doigt d'actionnement pour appliquer, sur l'une des dents de la roue des mois, un actionnement d'un pas faisant passer le mobile des mois d'un mois au mois suivant, à chaque passage du mobile des quantièmes du dernier quantième d'un mois au premier quantième du mois suivant,
  • une bascule prévue pour être actionnée une fois par jour, à partir de ladite position de début de course,
  • un dispositif de manoeuvre porté par la bascule et comportant deux doigts de cliquet, à savoir
    • un premier doigt de cliquet pour appliquer, sur une des 31 dents de la roue des quantièmes, un actionnement d'un pas faisant passer le mobile des quantièmes d'un quantième au quantième suivant parmi ses 31 positions successives, à chaque actionnement de la bascule, et
    • un deuxième doigt de cliquet pour appliquer, sur le cran, un actionnement du mobile des quantièmes d'un nombre entier de pas déterminé par la position de début de course de la bascule, lors d'un actionnement de cette bascule à la fin d'un mois de moins de 31 quantièmes.
According to the invention, this object is achieved by means of an annual or perpetual calendar mechanism, comprising:
  • a calendar mobile which is rotatable between 31 successive angular positions each associated with one of 31 calendars and which comprises a notch and a date wheel having 31 teeth,
  • a moving month which is rotatable between successive angular positions each associated with one of the 12 months of the year, which comprises a month wheel having as many teeth as the months mobile has angular positions and which defines stops start of race each associated with a month and operational to set a starting position of race when the mobile months is in the angular position associated with this month,
  • an actuating finger for applying, on one of the teeth of the wheel months, an actuation of a step passing the mobile months of a month to the following month, each passage of mobile dates of the last calendar one month to the first day of the following month,
  • a rocker provided to be operated once a day, from said starting position of the race,
  • a maneuver device carried by the rocker and having two ratchet fingers, namely
    • a first ratchet finger for applying, on one of the 31 teeth of the date wheel, an actuation of a step passing the mobile of the dates of a date to the next date among its 31 successive positions, each actuation of the rocker , and
    • a second pawl finger for applying, on the notch, an actuation of the mobile of the dates of an integer number of steps determined by the start position of stroke of the rocker, when an actuation of this rocker at the end of one month less than 31 calendar days.

Chacune des 31 dents de la roue des quantièmes a un profil que forme un bord périphérique de cette roue des quantièmes. Le bord périphérique de la roue des quantièmes forme également ledit cran qui est intercalé entre deux dents consécutives parmi les 31 dents de la roue des quantièmes.Each of the 31 teeth of the date wheel has a profile that forms a peripheral edge of the date wheel. The peripheral edge of the date wheel also forms said notch which is interposed between two consecutive teeth among the 31 teeth of the date wheel.

De la sorte, la roue des quantièmes peut constituer le mobile des quantièmes, dont l'épaisseur peut être ainsi réduite à l'épaisseur d'une roue.In this way, the date wheel can be the mobile dates, whose thickness can be reduced to the thickness of a wheel.

Le mécanisme de quantième annuel ou perpétuel défini ci-dessus peut incorporer une ou plusieurs autres caractéristiques avantageuses, isolément ou en combinaison, en particulier parmi celles précisées ci-après.The annual or perpetual calendar mechanism defined above may incorporate one or more other advantageous characteristics, alone or in combination, in particular from those specified hereinafter.

Avantageusement, les 31 dents de la roue des quantièmes sont constituées de 30 dents d'un premier type et d'une dent d'un deuxième type. Chaque dent du premier type a un sommet et un côté arrière s'éloignant de ce sommet en se déportant progressivement vers l'arrière de manière à pouvoir être accroché par le premier doigt de cliquet et non par le deuxième doigt de cliquet. La dent du deuxième type a un sommet et un côté arrière délimitant le cran et s'éloignant de ce sommet en se déportant progressivement vers l'avant de manière que la dent du deuxième type peut être accrochée aussi bien par le premier doigt de cliquet que par le deuxième doigt de cliquet.Advantageously, the 31 teeth of the date wheel consist of 30 teeth of a first type and a tooth of a second type. Each tooth of the first type has a vertex and a rear side away from this vertex by deporting progressively rearward so as to be hooked by the first ratchet finger and not by the second ratchet finger. The tooth of the second type has a vertex and a rear side delimiting the notch and moving away from this vertex by deporting progressively forward so that the tooth of the second type can be hooked by the first ratchet finger as well. by the second ratchet finger.

Avantageusement, chacune des dents de la roue des mois a un profil que forme un bord périphérique de cette roue des mois. Le bord périphérique de la roue des mois forme également lesdites butées de début de course, qui sont des fonds d'encoches alternant avec les dents de la roue des mois. Lorsque tel est le cas, la roue des mois peut constituer le mobile des mois, dont l'épaisseur peut être ainsi réduite à l'épaisseur d'une roue.Advantageously, each of the teeth of the wheel of the months has a profile that forms a peripheral edge of this wheel of the months. The peripheral edge of the wheel of the months also forms said end stops, which are recesses of notches alternating with the teeth of the wheel of the months. When this is the case, the wheel of the months can constitute the motive of the months, whose thickness can be thus reduced to the thickness of a wheel.

De plus, quand il en est ainsi, il est avantageux de prévoir en outre que la roue des quantièmes, la roue des mois, la bascule et le dispositif de manoeuvre s'étendent dans un même plan et l'ensemble du mécanisme de quantième annuel ou perpétuel peut être aplati et posséder une épaisseur de l'ordre de l'épaisseur d'une roue seulement.Moreover, when it is so, it is advantageous to further provide that the date wheel, the month wheel, the rocker and the maneuvering device extend in the same plane and the entire annual calendar mechanism or perpetual can be flattened and have a thickness of the order of the thickness of a wheel only.

Avantageusement, la bascule comporte une queue de palpage configurée pour s'insérer dans n'importe quelle encoche parmi lesdites encoches et être arrêtée par le fond de cette encoche, dans la position de début de course.Advantageously, the rocker comprises a probing pin configured to fit into any of said notches and be stopped by the bottom of this notch, in the start position.

Avantageusement, chacune des encoches associées aux mois de moins de 31 jours comporte une entrée située entre deux dents consécutives de la roue des mois et un tronçon qui se trouve à distance de ces deux dents consécutives et qui est élargi par rapport à l'entrée. Lorsque tel est le cas, les encoches peuvent être intercalées entre les dents de la roue des mois, sans que ces dents soient trop fragilisées et sans risquer que l'insertion de la queue de palpage dans l'un des encoches associées aux mois de moins de 31 jours s'effectue difficilement.Advantageously, each of the notches associated with the months of less than 31 days has an inlet located between two consecutive teeth of the month wheel and a section which is at a distance from these two consecutive teeth and which is widened with respect to the entrance. When this is the case, the notches can be inserted between the teeth of the wheel of the months, without these teeth being too weakened and without risk that the insertion of the tail Probing in one of the notches associated with months less than 31 days is difficult.

Avantageusement, la queue de palpage présente une courbure qui est uniforme et qui est centrée sur un axe de basculement de la bascule. De préférence, au moins les encoches associées aux mois de moins de 31 jours présentant chacune, sur toute sa longueur, la même courbure uniforme que la queue de palpage.Advantageously, the probe tip has a curvature which is uniform and which is centered on a tilting axis of the rocker. Preferably, at least the notches associated with the months of less than 31 days each having, throughout its length, the same uniform curvature as the probing shank.

Avantageusement, le mécanisme de quantième annuel ou perpétuel comporte un pignon qui engraine avec les dents de la roue des mois et qui est associé à un affichage du mois en cours. Lorsque tel est le cas, les dents de la roue des mois remplissent deux fonctions, en ayant tour à tour la fonction de recevoir un actionnement de la part du doigt d'actionnement et celle d'appliquer un actionnement au pignon. Il s'ensuit une simplification et une possibilité de gain de place.Advantageously, the annual or perpetual calendar mechanism comprises a gear that engages with the teeth of the wheel months and is associated with a display of the current month. When this is the case, the teeth of the wheel months perform two functions, having in turn the function of receiving an actuation from the actuating finger and that of applying actuation to the pinion. It follows a simplification and a possibility of saving space.

Avantageusement, une même pièce montée basculante sur la bascule et rappelé élastiquement contre une butée de cette bascule définit à la fois le premier doigt de cliquet et le deuxième doigt de cliquet, qui est décalé par rapport au premier doigt de cliquet, vers l'aval en considérant le sens d'entraînement d'une dent de la roue des quantièmes par le premier doigt de cliquet. Le cas échéant, cela peut présenter l'avantage de permettre une simplification par réduction du nombre de pièces et/ou un gain en encombrement.Advantageously, the same pivotally mounted part on the rocker and resiliently biased against a stop of this rocker defines both the first pawl and the second pawl, which is offset from the first pawl, downstream considering the direction of driving of a tooth of the date wheel by the first ratchet finger. If necessary, this may have the advantage of allowing simplification by reducing the number of parts and / or gain in space.

Avantageusement, une pièce définissant l'un au moins des premier et deuxième doigts de cliquet est montée basculante sur la bascule au moyen d'une articulation cylindrique comportant un logement cylindrique et une tête cylindrique complémentaire. De préférence, le logement cylindrique est ouvert radialement au niveau d'un passage radial, entre deux positions décalées angulairement l'une de l'autre autour d'un axe de pivotement de la tête cylindrique dans le logement cylindrique. De préférence, la tête cylindrique est portée par un col passant dans le passage radial. Une articulation cylindrique ainsi constituée peut être plate et s'étendre dans un plan, notamment dans le même plan que la roue des quantièmes, ce qui peut permettre une réduction de l'épaisseur du mécanisme de quantième annuel ou perpétuel.Advantageously, a part defining at least one of the first and second pawl fingers is pivotally mounted on the rocker by means of a cylindrical hinge having a cylindrical housing and a complementary cylindrical head. Preferably, the cylindrical housing is open radially at a radial passage, between two positions angularly offset from one another about a pivot axis of the cylindrical head in the cylindrical housing. Preferably, the cylindrical head is carried by a neck passing through the radial passage. A cylindrical articulation thus formed can be flat and extend in a plane, in particular in the same plane as the date wheel, which may allow a reduction in the thickness of the annual or perpetual calendar mechanism.

Avantageusement, la roue des quantièmes et la roue des mois s'étendent dans un même plan. Lorsque tel est le cas, une des dents de la roue des quantièmes est, de préférence, plus en saillie radialement que les autres dents de cette roue des quantièmes et forme ledit doigt d'actionnement.Advantageously, the date wheel and the month wheel extend in the same plane. When this is the case, one of the teeth of the date wheel is preferably radially more protruding than the other teeth of the date wheel and forms said actuating finger.

On notera qu'une revendication indépendante peut également définir l'invention protégée comme étant un mécanisme de quantième annuel ou perpétuel comportant :

  • un mobile des quantièmes qui est rotatif entre 31 positions angulaires successives chacune associée à l'un de 31 quantièmes et qui comporte un cran et une roue des quantièmes ayant 31 dents,
  • une bascule prévue pour être actionnée une fois par jour,
  • un dispositif de manoeuvre porté par la bascule et comportant deux doigts de cliquet, à savoir
    • un premier doigt de cliquet pour appliquer, sur une des 31 dents de la roue des quantièmes, un actionnement d'un pas faisant passer le mobile des quantièmes d'un quantième au quantième suivant parmi ses 31 positions successives, à chaque actionnement de la bascule, et
    • un deuxième doigt de cliquet pour appliquer, sur le cran, un actionnement du mobile des quantièmes d'un nombre entier de pas déterminé par la position de début de course de la bascule, lors d'un actionnement de cette bascule à la fin d'un mois de moins de 31 quantièmes,
et dans lequel une même pièce montée basculante sur la bascule et rappelé élastiquement contre une butée de cette bascule définit à la fois le premier doigt de cliquet et le deuxième doigt de cliquet, qui est décalé par rapport au premier doigt de cliquet, vers l'aval en considérant le sens d'entraînement d'une dent de la roue des quantièmes par le premier doigt de cliquet.It will be appreciated that an independent claim may also define the protected invention as an annual or perpetual calendar mechanism comprising:
  • a calendar mobile which is rotatable between 31 successive angular positions each associated with one of 31 calendars and which comprises a notch and a date wheel having 31 teeth,
  • a scale intended to be operated once a day,
  • a maneuver device carried by the rocker and having two ratchet fingers, namely
    • a first ratchet finger for applying, on one of the 31 teeth of the date wheel, an actuation of a step passing the mobile of the dates of a date to the next date among its 31 successive positions, each actuation of the rocker , and
    • a second pawl finger for applying, on the notch, an actuation of the mobile of the dates of an integer number of steps determined by the start position of stroke of the rocker, when an actuation of this rocker at the end of one month less than 31 calendar days,
and in which the same piece pivoted on the rocker and resiliently biased against a stop of this rocker defines both the first pawl finger and the second pawl finger, which is offset from the first pawl finger, downstream by considering the direction of driving a tooth of the date wheel by the first pawl finger.

On notera que, dans une revendication indépendante, l'invention protégée peut encore être définie comme étant un mécanisme de quantième annuel ou perpétuel comportant :

  • un mobile des quantièmes qui est rotatif entre 31 positions angulaires successives chacune associée à l'un de 31 quantièmes et qui comporte un cran et une roue des quantièmes ayant 31 dents,
  • une bascule prévue pour être actionnée une fois par jour,
  • un dispositif de manoeuvre porté par la bascule et comportant deux doigts de cliquet, à savoir
    • un premier doigt de cliquet pour appliquer, sur une des 31 dents de la roue des quantièmes, un actionnement d'un pas faisant passer le mobile des quantièmes d'un quantième au quantième suivant parmi ses 31 positions successives, à chaque actionnement de la bascule, et
    • un deuxième doigt de cliquet pour appliquer, sur le cran, un actionnement du mobile des quantièmes d'un nombre entier de pas déterminé par la position de début de course de la bascule, lors d'un actionnement de cette bascule à la fin d'un mois de moins de 31 quantièmes,
et dans lequel une pièce définissant l'un au moins des premier et deuxième doigts de cliquet est montée basculante sur la bascule au moyen d'une articulation cylindrique comportant un logement cylindrique et une tête cylindrique complémentaire. Le logement cylindrique est ouvert radialement au niveau d'un passage radial, entre deux positions décalées angulairement l'une de l'autre autour d'un axe de pivotement de la tête cylindrique dans le logement cylindrique. La tête cylindrique est portée par un col passant dans le passage radial.It will be appreciated that in an independent claim, the protected invention may further be defined as an annual or perpetual calendar mechanism comprising:
  • a calendar mobile which is rotatable between 31 successive angular positions each associated with one of 31 calendars and which comprises a notch and a date wheel having 31 teeth,
  • a scale intended to be operated once a day,
  • a maneuver device carried by the rocker and having two ratchet fingers, namely
    • a first ratchet finger for applying, on one of the 31 teeth of the date wheel, an actuation of a step passing the mobile of the dates of a date to the next date among its 31 successive positions, each actuation of the rocker , and
    • a second pawl finger for applying, on the notch, an actuation of the mobile of the dates of an integer number of steps determined by the start position of stroke of the rocker, when an actuation of this rocker at the end of one month less than 31 calendar days,
and wherein a part defining at least one of the first and second pawl fingers is pivotally mounted on the rocker by means of a cylindrical hinge having a cylindrical housing and a complementary cylindrical head. The cylindrical housing is open radially at a radial passage, between two positions angularly offset one on the other around a pivot axis of the cylindrical head in the cylindrical housing. The cylindrical head is carried by a collar passing through the radial passage.

L'invention a en outre pour objet une pièce d'horlogerie qui possède l'un des mécanismes de quantième annuel ou perpétuel définis précédemment.The invention further relates to a timepiece that has one of the annual or perpetual calendar mechanisms defined above.

Description sommaire des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront plus clairement de la description qui va suivre d'un mode particulier de réalisation de l'invention donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif et représenté aux dessins annexés, parmi lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue de dessus, côté cadran, sur laquelle un mécanisme de quantième perpétuel conforme à l'invention est associé à un mouvement horloger d'une montre-bracelet également conforme à l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une vue en perspective du mécanisme de quantième perpétuel visible à la figure 1,
  • la figure 3 est une vue de dessus qui représente le même mécanisme de quantième perpétuel que la figure 2 et sur laquelle ce mécanisme de quantième perpétuel se trouve dans un état stable correspondant à la date du 29 septembre d'une année bissextile,
  • les figures 4 et 5 sont des vues de dessus similaires à la figure 3 et illustrent un changement de quantième sans changement de mois, en montrant chacune le mécanisme de quantième perpétuel de la figure 2 dans l'une de deux configurations intermédiaires par lesquelles ce mécanisme passe successivement lors de son évolution de l'état stable de la figure 3 à l'état stable suivant,
  • la figure 6 est une vue de dessus qui est similaire à la figure 3 et sur laquelle le mécanisme de quantième de la figure 2 est dans l'état stable succédant à celui de la figure 3 et correspondant à la date du 30 septembre d'une année bissextile,
  • les figures 7 et 8 sont des vues de dessus similaires à la figure 3 et illustrent un changement de quantième avec changement de mois, en montrant chacune le mécanisme de quantième perpétuel de la figure 2 dans l'une de deux configurations intermédiaires par lesquelles ce mécanisme passe successivement lors de son évolution de l'état stable de la figure 6 à l'état stable suivant, et
  • la figure 9 est une vue de dessus qui est similaire à la figure 3 et sur laquelle le mécanisme de quantième de la figure 2 est dans l'état stable succédant à celui de la figure 6 et correspondant à la date du 1er octobre d'une année bissextile.
Other advantages and features will emerge more clearly from the following description of a particular embodiment of the invention given by way of non-limiting example and shown in the accompanying drawings, among which:
  • the figure 1 is a top view, on the dial side, on which a perpetual calendar mechanism according to the invention is associated with a watch movement of a wristwatch also according to the invention,
  • the figure 2 is a perspective view of the perpetual calendar mechanism visible in the figure 1 ,
  • the figure 3 is a view from above that represents the same perpetual calendar mechanism that the figure 2 and on which this perpetual calendar mechanism is in a stable state corresponding to the date of September 29 of a leap year,
  • the Figures 4 and 5 are top views similar to the figure 3 and illustrate a change of date without change of month, each showing the perpetual calendar mechanism of the figure 2 in one of two intermediate configurations through which this mechanism passes successively during its evolution of the stable state of the figure 3 in the next steady state,
  • the figure 6 is a view from above that is similar to the figure 3 and on which the date mechanism of the figure 2 is in a stable state succeeding that of the figure 3 and corresponding to the 30th of September of a leap year,
  • the figures 7 and 8 are top views similar to the figure 3 and illustrate a change of date with change of month, each showing the perpetual calendar mechanism of the figure 2 in one of two intermediate configurations through which this mechanism passes successively during its evolution of the stable state of the figure 6 in the next steady state, and
  • the figure 9 is a view from above that is similar to the figure 3 and on which the date mechanism of the figure 2 is in a stable state succeeding that of the figure 6 and corresponding to the date of October 1 of a leap year.

Description d'un mode préférentiel de l'inventionDescription of a preferred embodiment of the invention

Sur la figure 1, une montre-bracelet conforme à l'invention est représentée sans son boîtier de montre, sans son cadran et sans d'autres constituants connus en eux-mêmes et sans rapport direct avec l'invention. La référence 1 désigne un mouvement horloger auquel est associé un mécanisme de quantième perpétuel 2 conforme à l'invention. Un rouage 3 accouple le mobile des heures 4 du mouvement horloger 1 à une roue dentée 5, dont est solidaire un doigt 6.On the figure 1 , a wristwatch according to the invention is shown without its watch case, without its dial and without other components known in themselves and not directly related to the invention. The reference 1 designates a watch movement with which is associated a perpetual calendar mechanism 2 according to the invention. A train 3 couples the mobile hours 4 of the watch movement 1 to a toothed wheel 5, which is secured to a finger 6.

Comme la roue dentée 5, le doigt 6 effectue une révolution par jour. Il est prévu pour manoeuvrer une fois par jour une bascule d'actionnement 9 en agissant sur un ergot 10 de cette bascule d'actionnement 9.Like the toothed wheel 5, the finger 6 performs one revolution per day. It is intended to maneuver once a day an actuating lever 9 by acting on a pin 10 of this actuating lever 9.

Un ressort 12 est prévu pour rappeler la bascule d'actionnement 9 vers une position d'attente, après chaque manoeuvre de celle-ci. Outre le ressort 12, la bascule d'actionnement 9 comprend un râteau 13 qui est en prise avec un râteau complémentaire 20 équipant une bascule 21.A spring 12 is provided to return the actuating lever 9 to a standby position, after each maneuver thereof. In addition to spring 12, the actuating lever 9 comprises a rake 13 which is engaged with a complementary rake 20 fitted to a lever 21.

Portant un cliquet double 22 monté basculant, la bascule 21 est constitutive du mécanisme de quantième perpétuel 2, qui comprend également un mobile des quantièmes 23, un sautoir 24 définissant les positions angulaires stables de ce mobile des quantièmes 23, un mobile des mois 25, un pignon 26 à douze dents engrainant avec ce mobile des mois 25, ainsi qu'un sautoir 31 définissant les positions angulaires stables du pignon 26. Une aiguille 27 solidaire du mobile des quantièmes 23 est prévue pour indiquer le quantième en cours, sur une graduation circulaire connue en soi et non représentée que porte le cadran également non représenté de la montre. Une aiguille 28 solidaire du mobile des mois 25 est prévue pour indiquer le type d'année en cours, à savoir bissextile ou non-bissextile, en désignant l'un de quatre secteurs chacun de 90° au sein d'une couronne connue en soi et non représentée, que porte le cadran de la montre. Une aiguille 29 solidaire du pignon 26 est prévue pour indiquer le mois en cours, sur une graduation circulaire connue en soi et non représentée que porte le cadran de la montre.Bearing a double rocker-mounted ratchet 22, the rocker 21 is constitutive of the perpetual calendar mechanism 2, which also comprises a date mobile 23, a jumper 24 defining the stable angular positions of this date mobile 23, a mobile of the month 25, a pinion 26 with twelve teeth engraining with this mobile months 25, and a jumper 31 defining the stable angular positions of the pinion 26. A needle 27 integral with the date mobile 23 is provided to indicate the current date on a scale Circular known in itself and not shown that wears the dial also not shown of the watch. A needle 28 integral with the mobile of months 25 is provided to indicate the type of current year, namely leap or non-leap, designating one of four sectors each 90 ° within a crown known per se and not represented, that wears the dial of the watch. A needle 29 integral with the pinion 26 is provided to indicate the current month on a circular graduation known per se and not shown that bears the dial of the watch.

En variante, tout ou partie des informations que sont le quantième en cours, le mois en cours et te type d'année en cours peuvent être indiquées chacune au moyen d'un disque mobile masqué par le cadran de montre sauf au niveau d'un guichet. Par exemple, un disque portant les nombres des quantièmes peut être solidaire du mobile des quantièmes 23 et partiellement visible au droit d'un guichet percé dans le cadran de la montre. Selon une autre possibilité donnée à titre d'exemple, le mobile des quantièmes 23 peut également être relié cinématiquement à un dispositif d'affichage, de la manière exposée dans la demande de brevet européen EP 1 586 962 .As a variant, all or part of the information that is the current calendar, the current month and the current year type can each be indicated by means of a mobile disk masked by the watch face, except at the level of a counter. For example, a record bearing the numbers of the dates may be integral with the date mobile 23 and partially visible at the right of a window pierced in the dial of the watch. According to another possibility given by way of example, the date mobile 23 can also be kinematically connected to a display device, in the manner disclosed in the European patent application. EP 1,586,962 .

Prévu pour transmettre occasionnellement une commande manuelle, un poussoir 30 est à même d'agir sur une extrémité 40 de la bascule 21, ainsi que sur le mobile des mois 25, afin de modifier les positions respectives de ce mobile des mois 25 et du mobile des quantièmes 23, lors d'une mise à jour de la date indiquée par les aiguilles 27, 28 et 29.Scheduled to transmit occasional manual control, a pusher 30 is able to act on one end 40 of the latch 21, as well as on the mobile of the months 25, in order to modify the respective positions of this mobile of the months 25 and the mobile 23, during an update of the date indicated by the needles 27, 28 and 29.

Ainsi qu'on peut le voir à la figure 2, le mobile des quantièmes 23 est uniquement constitué d'une roue des quantièmes. Dans ce qui suit, on désigne avec la même référence 23 ce mobile des quantièmes et sa roue des quantièmes. Dans le sens de l'épaisseur, le mobile des quantièmes 23 n'a qu'un seul étage, c'est-à-dire un de moins que le mobile des quantièmes décrit dans le brevet précité US-4 674 889 .As can be seen at figure 2 the dates mobile 23 is solely constituted by a date wheel. In what follows, we designate with the same reference 23 this mobile dates and its date wheel. In the direction of the thickness, the date mobile 23 has only one stage, that is to say one less than the date mobile described in the aforementioned patent U.S. 4,674,889 .

De manière semblable, le mobile des mois 25 est uniquement constitué d'une roue des mois. Dans ce qui suit, on désigne avec la même référence 25 ce mobile des mois et sa roue des mois. Dans le sens de l'épaisseur, le mobile des mois 25 n'a qu'un seul étage, c'est-à-dire un de moins que le mobile des mois décrit dans le brevet précité US-4 674 889 .Similarly, the motive of the months 25 is only a month wheel. In what follows, the same reference number 25 refers to this mobile of months and its wheel of months. In the sense of the thickness, the mobile of the month 25 has only one floor, that is to say one less than the motive of the months described in the aforementioned patent U.S. 4,674,889 .

Si l'on excepte les arbres de montage à rotation ou à basculement, le mécanisme de quantième perpétuel 2 est plat. Sa bascule 21, son cliquet double 22, son mobile des quantièmes 23, son sautoir 24, son mobile des mois 25 et son pignon 26 sont tous plats et s'étendent dans un même plan P1. Ils ont en outre sensiblement tous la même épaisseur e, qui est également celle du mécanisme de quantième perpétuel 2, si l'on excepte les arbres de montage à rotation ou à basculement. Or, le mobile des quantièmes 23 a une épaisseur qui est seulement celle de sa roue des quantièmes 23, tandis que le mobile des mois 25 a une épaisseur qui est seulement celle de sa roue des mois 23. Le mécanisme de quantième perpétuel 2 est donc particulièrement mince, dans la mesure où son épaisseur e est réduite à l'épaisseur d'une roue.With the exception of rotating or tilting mounting shafts, the perpetual calendar mechanism 2 is flat. Its flip-flop 21, its double ratchet 22, its dates mobile 23, its jumper 24, its mobile 25 months and pinion 26 are all flat and extend in the same plane P 1 . They also have substantially all the same thickness e, which is also that of the perpetual calendar mechanism 2, with the exception of the rotating or tilting mounting shafts. Now, the date mobile 23 has a thickness which is only that of its date wheel 23, while the mobile of the month 25 has a thickness which is only that of its wheel of the month 23. The perpetual calendar mechanism 2 is therefore particularly thin, in that its thickness e is reduced to the thickness of a wheel.

Comme on peut bien l'apprécier à la figure 3, la bascule 21 comporte deux portions d'extrémité opposées 41 et 42, qui sont sensiblement en regard de part et d'autre de la roue des quantièmes 23 et que relie un bras courbe en arc 43 entourant cette roue des quantièmes 23 sur plus d'un demi-tour. L'axe X1-X'1 de basculement de la bascule 21 passe au niveau de la portion d'extrémité 41, entre l'extrémité 40 et le râteau 20 que définit cette portion d'extrémité 41. L'autre portion d'extrémité 42 se termine par une queue de palpage 44 prévue pour venir en butée contre la roue des mois 25. Elle porte en outre le cliquet double 22, qui est monté basculant autour d'un axe de basculement X2-X'2 mobile parallèlement à l'axe de basculement X1-X'1.As we can appreciate it at the figure 3 , the latch 21 comprises two opposite end portions 41 and 42, which are substantially opposite on either side of the date wheel 23 and that connects an arcuate arm 43 surrounding this date wheel 23 on more than 'a half turn. The axis X 1 -X ' 1 of tilting of the rocker 21 passes at the end portion 41, between the end 40 and the rake 20 defined by this end portion 41. The other portion of end 42 terminates with a probing tip 44 intended to abut against the wheel of the months 25. It also carries the double ratchet 22, which is pivotally mounted about a tilting axis X 2 -X ' 2 mobile parallel to the tilting axis X 1 -X ' 1 .

Plus précisément, le cliquet double 22 est lié à la bascule 21 par une articulation cylindrique 45, qui est plate et qui comporte un logement cylindrique plat 45 et une tête cylindrique plate 47 complémentaire. Cette tête cylindrique 47 pivote dans le logement cylindrique 46, sur son axe de pivotement qui est l'axe de basculement X2-X'2. Le logement cylindrique 46 est délimité par un coude de la portion d'extrémité 12, de manière à être ouvert radialement en direction du bras en arc 43, au niveau d'un passage radial 53. Un col 48 du cliquet double 22 entre radialement par ce passage radial 53, jusqu'au logement cylindrique 46, et se prolonge par la tête plate 47.Specifically, the double pawl 22 is connected to the latch 21 by a cylindrical hinge 45, which is flat and which comprises a flat cylindrical housing 45 and a complementary flat cylindrical head 47. This cylindrical head 47 pivots in the cylindrical housing 46, on its pivot axis which is the tilting axis X 2 -X ' 2 . The cylindrical housing 46 is delimited by a bend of the end portion 12, so as to be open radially towards the arcuate arm 43, at a radial passage 53. A neck 48 of the double pawl 22 between radially by this radial passage 53, to the cylindrical housing 46, and is extended by the flat head 47.

Le cliquet double 22 est une pièce d'un seul tenant définissant la tête plate 47, le col 48, un ressort de rappel 49, ainsi que deux doigts de cliquet consécutifs, à savoir un doigt de cliquet amont 50 et un doigt de cliquet aval 51 qui sont tous deux destinés à faire tourner la roue des quantièmes 23, mais à des moments distincts, ainsi que cela sera détaillé plus loin. Dans ce qui suit et dans les revendications annexées, les termes « amont » et « aval », ainsi que les termes analogues, se réfèrent au sens de progression d'une dent accrochée et entraînée par le cliquet double 22. Le ressort 49 rappelle le cliquet double 22 dans une position opérationnelle, contre un coude 52 que prolonge la queue de palpage 44. Cette queue de palpage 44 présente une courbure uniforme, qui est centrée sur l'axe de basculement X1-X'1 de la bascule 21.The double pawl 22 is an integral piece defining the flat head 47, the neck 48, a return spring 49, as well as two consecutive pawl fingers, namely an upstream ratchet finger 50 and a downstream ratchet finger 51 which are both intended to rotate the date wheel 23, but at different times, as will be detailed below. In the following and in the appended claims, the terms "upstream" and "downstream", as well as similar terms, refer to the direction of progression of a tooth hooked and driven by the double ratchet 22. The spring 49 recalls the double ratchet 22 in an operative position, against a bend 52 extended by the probe tip 44. This probe tip 44 has a uniform curvature, which is centered on the tilting axis X 1 -X ' 1 of the latch 21.

La roue des quantièmes 23 possède trente et une positions angulaires successives stabilisées par le sautoir 24. Un quantième est associé à chacune de ces positions angulaires stabilisées. Lorsque la roue des quantièmes 23 est pivotée d'un pas, elle passe d'une position angulaire stabilisée à la position angulaire stabilisée suivante, ce qui correspond à un passage d'un quantième au quantième suivant. Le quantième associé à une position stabilisée de la roue des quantièmes 23 est indiqué par l'aiguille 27 lorsque la roue des quantièmes 23 est dans cette position stabilisée.The date wheel 23 has thirty-one successive angular positions stabilized by the jumper 24. A calendar is associated with each of these stabilized angular positions. When the date wheel 23 is rotated by one step, it moves from a stabilized angular position to the next stabilized angular position, which corresponds to a change from a date to the next date. The date associated with a stabilized position of the date wheel 23 is indicated by the needle 27 when the date wheel 23 is in this stabilized position.

La roue des quantièmes 23 est une roue dentée comportant un bord périphérique 60, ainsi que trente et une dents périphériques radiales 61, 62 et 64, dont les profils respectifs sont formés par ce bord périphérique 60. Parmi les trente et une dents périphériques de la roue des quantièmes 23, trente dents 61 et 62 d'un premier type possèdent chacune un profil sensiblement triangulaire. Le bord périphérique 60 forme en outre un cran 63, qui se trouve entre une dent 61 et une dent 64 d'un deuxième type. Chaque dent 61 ou 62 possède un côté arrière 65 s'éloignant du sommet de cette dent 61 ou 62 en se déportant progressivement vers l'arrière. La dent 64 possède un côté arrière 66 formant un bord du cran 63 et s'éloignant du sommet de cette dent 64 en se déportant progressivement vers l'avant. Le doigt de cliquet amont 50 peut accrocher et entraîner d'un pas vers l'aval chacune des dents 61, 62 et 64. Le doigt de cliquet aval 51 glisse sur les côtés arrière 65 des dents 61 et 62, qu'il ne peut donc entraîner. En revanche, le doigt de cliquet aval 51 peut s'engager dans le cran 63, s'accrocher au côté arrière 66 et entraîner d'un ou plusieurs pas la dent 64.The date wheel 23 is a toothed wheel having a peripheral edge 60, as well as thirty-one radial peripheral teeth 61, 62 and 64, the respective profiles of which are formed by this peripheral edge 60. Of the thirty-one peripheral teeth of the date wheel 23, thirty teeth 61 and 62 of a first type each have a substantially triangular profile. The peripheral edge 60 further forms a notch 63, which is between a tooth 61 and a tooth 64 of a second type. Each tooth 61 or 62 has a rear side 65 away from the top of this tooth 61 or 62 by deporting progressively towards the rear. The tooth 64 has a rear side 66 forming an edge of the notch 63 and moving away from the top of this tooth 64 by progressively deporting forward. The upstream ratchet finger 50 can hook and downwardly engage each of the teeth 61, 62 and 64. The downstream ratchet finger 51 slides on the rear sides 65 of the teeth 61 and 62, which it can not move. therefore train. On the other hand, the downstream ratchet pin 51 can engage in the notch 63, hook on the rear side 66 and drive tooth 64 with one or more steps.

Parmi les dents 61, 62 et 64 de la roue des quantièmes 23, une seule forme un doigt d'actionnement pouvant entraîner d'un pas la roue des mois 25. Il s'agit de la dent du premier type référencée 62, qui est plus en saillie radialement que les autres dents du premier type 61 et que la dent de deuxième type 64. La roue des quantièmes 23 effectue un tour par mois. Sa dent en dépassement 62 effectue donc une révolution complète par mois et, à chaque passage d'un mois au mois suivant, actionne d'un pas la roue des mois 25.Among the teeth 61, 62 and 64 of the date wheel 23, only one form an actuating finger that can step by one the wheel of the month 25. This is the tooth of the first type referenced 62, which is more radially protruding than the other teeth of the first type 61 and the tooth of the second type 64. The date wheel 23 performs one revolution per month. Its excess tooth 62 therefore performs a complete revolution per month and, at each changeover from one month to the next, activates the wheel of the month by one step.

La roue des mois 25 est une roue dentée comportant quarante huit dents périphériques radiales 70. Le bord périphérique 71 de cette roue des mois 25 forme le contour de chaque dent périphérique 70. Il délimite en outre quarante huit encoches 72, 73, 74 et 75, c'est-à-dire autant d'encoches que de dents 70.The wheel of the months 25 is a toothed wheel having forty-eight radial peripheral teeth 70. The peripheral edge 71 of this wheel of the months 25 forms the contour of each peripheral tooth 70. It delimits furthermore forty eight notches 72, 73, 74 and 75 , that is to say, as many notches as teeth 70.

Chacune des encoches 72 à 75 s'étend à partir de la périphérie de la roue des mois 25 et se trouve entre deux dents successives 70. Chaque encoche 72, 73, 74 ou 75 est associée à un mois de l'année et sa profondeur est fonction de la durée de ce mois. Les encoches 72 à 75 se suivent de manière circonférentielle dans le même ordre que les mois de l'année auxquels elles correspondent.Each of the notches 72 to 75 extends from the periphery of the wheel 25 months and is between two successive teeth 70. Each notch 72, 73, 74 or 75 is associated with a month of the year and its depth is a function of the duration of this month. Notches 72 to 75 follow one another circumferentially in the same order as the months of the year to which they correspond.

La roue des mois 25 possède quarante huit positions angulaires successives, chacune stabilisée par la stabilisation du pignon 26 par le sautoir 31. Un mois est associé à chacune de ces positions angulaires stabilisées. Lorsque la roue des mois 25 est pivotée d'un pas, elle passe d'une position angulaire stabilisée à la position angulaire stabilisée suivante, ce qui correspond à un passage d'un mois au mois suivant. Les quarante huit dents et les quarante huit encoches de la roue des mois 25 correspondent à un cycle de quatre années consécutives, dont une est bissextile.The wheel of the month 25 has forty-eight successive angular positions, each stabilized by the stabilization of the pinion 26 by the jumper 31. One month is associated with each of these stabilized angular positions. When the month wheel 25 is rotated by one step, it moves from a stabilized angular position to the next stabilized angular position, which corresponds to a change from one month to the next month. The forty-eight teeth and forty-eight notches in the 25-month wheel correspond to a cycle of four consecutive years, of which one is leap.

Les encoches 72 à 75 comptent :

  • vingt huit encoches de très faible profondeur 72 chacune associée à un mois de trente et un jours,
  • seize encoches de faible profondeur 73 chacune associée à un mois de trente jours,
  • une encoche de moyenne profondeur 74 associée à un mois de février de vingt neuf jours d'une année bissextile, et
  • trois encoches de grande profondeur 75 chacune associée à un mois de février de vingt huit jours d'une année non bissextile.
Notches 72 to 75 count:
  • twenty eight notches very shallow 72 each associated with a month of thirty-one days,
  • sixteen shallow notches 73 each associated with a month of thirty days,
  • a mid-level notch 74 associated with a February of twenty-nine days of a leap year, and
  • three notches of great depth 75 each associated with a month of February of twenty-eight days of a non-leap year.

La queue de palpage 44 s'insère successivement dans chacune des encoches 72 à 75, à mesure que la roue des mois 25 est tournée pas à pas. Chacune des encoches 73 à 75 présente, sur toute sa longueur, la même courbure uniforme que la queue de palpage 44. Chacune des encoches 73 à 75 comporte une entrée 77 située à la périphérie de la roue des mois 25, entre deux dents périphériques 70 consécutives, ainsi qu'un tronçon élargi 78 qui débute à distance de ces deux dents périphériques 70.The probe tip 44 is inserted successively into each of the notches 72 to 75 as the wheel of the months 25 is rotated stepwise. Each of the notches 73 to 75 has, along its entire length, the same uniform curvature as the probe tip 44. Each of the notches 73 to 75 has an inlet 77 located at the periphery of the wheel 25, between two peripheral teeth 70 consecutive, and an enlarged section 78 which starts at a distance from these two peripheral teeth 70.

Chaque encoche 72, 73, 74 ou 75 comporte un fond qui forme une butée de début de course 76 pour la queue de palpage 44. En l'absence de manoeuvre de la bascule d'actionnement 9 par le doigt 6, le rappel élastique exercé par le ressort 12 se traduit par un rappel de la bascule 21 dans une position d'attente, dans laquelle la queue de palpage 44 est poussée contre une des butées de début de course 76. Avant d'être actionnée, la bascule 21 occupe donc une position de début de course déterminée par une butée de début de course 76 ou, plus précisément, par la profondeur à laquelle se trouve cette butée de début de course 76. En résumé, chaque fois qu'elle est actionnée par l'intermédiaire de son râteau 20, la bascule 21 effectue une course angulaire qui finit toujours au même endroit, mais dont le début est variable, comme son amplitude.Each notch 72, 73, 74 or 75 comprises a bottom which forms a start stop 76 for the probe tip 44. In the absence of actuation of the actuating lever 9 by the finger 6, the elastic return exerted by the spring 12 is reflected by a recall of the latch 21 in a standby position, in which the probe tip 44 is pushed against one of the start stops 76. Before being actuated, the latch 21 thus occupies a start position determined by a start stop 76 or, more precisely, by the depth at which this end stop 76 is located. In summary, each time it is actuated by means of its rake 20, the rocker 21 makes an angular stroke which always ends at same place, but whose beginning is variable, like its amplitude.

Sur les figures 3 à 9, les repères R1 et R2 sont des repères fixes ajoutés pour faciliter la compréhension.On the Figures 3 to 9 , the marks R 1 and R 2 are fixed landmarks added to facilitate understanding.

Sur la figure 3, la roue des mois 25 occupe la position angulaire associée au mois de septembre d'une année bissextile. La roue des quantièmes 23 occupe la position angulaire associée au quantième 29. La date correspondante est le 29 septembre d'une année bissextile. Toujours sur la figure 3, aucun actionnement n'a lieu et la bascule 21 est dans une position d'attente, qui sera sa position de début de course pour sa prochaine course angulaire.On the figure 3 , the month wheel 25 occupies the angular position associated with the month of September of a leap year. The date wheel 23 occupies the angular position associated with the date 29. The corresponding date is September 29 of a leap year. Always on the figure 3 no actuation takes place and the latch 21 is in a waiting position, which will be its start position for its next angular stroke.

Sur la figure 4, la date passe du 29 au 30 septembre. Actionnée via son râteau 20, la bascule 21 vient de quitter sa position de début de course de la figure 3 et bascule comme indiqué par les flèches B1, lors d'une course aller. Cette bascule 21 entraîne alors avec elle le cliquet double 22, dont le doigt de cliquet aval 51 reste passif, mais dont le doigt de cliquet amont 50, en prise avec une dent 61, fait tourner d'un pas P1 la roue des quantièmes 23 jusqu'à l'amener dans la position associée au quantième 30.On the figure 4 , the date goes from 29 to 30 September. Activated via its rake 20, the latch 21 has just left its starting position of the race of the figure 3 and toggles as indicated by the arrows B 1 , during a race to go. This rocker 21 then drives with it the double ratchet 22, whose downstream ratchet finger 51 remains passive, but whose upstream ratchet finger 50, in engagement with a tooth 61, rotates with a pitch P 1 the date wheel. 23 to bring it into the position associated with the date 30.

Sur la figure 5, du fait du rappel exercé par le ressort 12, la bascule 21 effectue sa course retour B2 consécutive à sa course aller B1 et revient vers sa position de début de course. Le doigt de cliquet amont 50 franchit une dent 61 sans l'accrocher, grâce à un basculement B3 du cliquet double 22 à l'encontre du ressort de rappel 49.On the figure 5 , due to the bias exerted by the spring 12, the latch 21 performs its return stroke B 2 consecutive to its forward stroke B 1 and returns to its start position. The upstream ratchet finger 50 passes a tooth 61 without hanging it, thanks to a tilting B 3 of the double ratchet 22 against the return spring 49.

La figure 6 illustre l'état du mécanisme de quantième perpétuel 2 suite au retour B2 illustré à la figure 5. Sur cette figure 6, la bascule 21 est revenue dans la position de début de course qu'elle occupait à la figure 3. La roue des quantièmes 23 est dans la position angulaire associée au quantième 30. La roue des mois est dans la même position angulaire qu'à la figure 3. La date correspondante est le 30 septembre d'une année bissextile. Il s'agit du dernier jour de septembre et on notera que le doigt de cliquet aval 51 est au niveau du cran 63, la queue de palpage 44 pénétrant jusqu'au fond de l'encoche 73 associée au mois de septembre d'une année bissextile.The figure 6 illustrates the state of the perpetual calendar mechanism 2 following the return B 2 illustrated in FIG. figure 5 . On this figure 6 , the rocker 21 has returned to the starting position of the race it occupied at the figure 3 . The date wheel 23 is in the angular position associated with the date 30. The wheel of the months is in the same angular position as at the figure 3 . The corresponding date is September 30 of a leap year. This is the last day of September and it will be noted that the downstream ratchet finger 51 is at the level of the notch 63, the probe shank 44 penetrating to the bottom of the notch 73 associated with the month of September of a year. leap.

Sur la figure 7, il se produit une première étape d'un nouveau changement de date. La bascule est entraînée dans un mouvement de basculement B4, à partir de sa position de début de course de la figure 6. Toujours sur la figure 7, le doigt de cliquet aval 51 est en prise avec la dent 64, dans le cran 63, et fait tourner d'un pas P2 la roue des quantièmes.On the figure 7 there is a first step of a new date change. The rocker is driven in a rocking movement B 4 , from its start position of the stroke of the figure 6 . Always on the figure 7 , the downstream pawl 51 is engaged with the tooth 64, in the notch 63, and rotates with a pitch P 2 the date wheel.

Le basculement B4 se poursuit à la figure 8, sur laquelle le doigt de cliquet aval 51 n'agit plus sur la roue des quantièmes 23. En revanche, le doigt de cliquet amont 50 est accroché à une dent 61 et fait pivoter d'un nouveau pas P3 la roue des quantièmes 23. Cette roue des quantièmes 23 actionne à son tour d'un pas P4 la roue des mois, par l'intermédiaire de sa dent en dépassement 62 qui agit sur une dent 70.The switchover B 4 continues at the figure 8 on which the downstream ratchet finger 51 no longer acts on the date wheel 23. On the other hand, the upstream ratchet finger 50 is hooked on a tooth 61 and rotates the date wheel 23 with a new pitch P 3 This date wheel 23 in turn actuates by a step P 4 the wheel of the months, by means of its protruding tooth 62 which acts on a tooth 70.

La figure 9 illustre l'état du mécanisme de quantième perpétuel 2 une fois que s'est achevé le basculement B4 et que la bascule 21 a ensuite été rappelée contre la roue des mois 25. Sur cette figure 9, la roue des quantièmes 23 est dans la position associée au quantième 1, tandis que la roue des mois 25 est dans la position associée au mois d'octobre d'une année bissextile. On notera que, toujours sur la figure 9, la queue de palpage 44 se trouve dans une encoche de très faible profondeur 72 correspondant à un mois d'octobre de trente et un jours.The figure 9 illustrates the state of the perpetual calendar mechanism 2 when the switchover B 4 has been completed and the latch 21 has then been recalled against the wheel of the months 25. On this figure 9 the date wheel 23 is in the position associated with the date 1, while the month wheel 25 is in the position associated with the month of October of a leap year. It will be noted that, still on the figure 9 , the probing tail 44 is in a very shallow notch 72 corresponding to a month of October of thirty-one days.

Lorsque la roue des quantièmes 23 est initialement dans une position associée à un quantième autre que le dernier quantième d'un mois, une manoeuvre de la bascule 21 conduit à ce que seul le doigt de cliquet amont 50 agit sur cette roue des quantièmes 23, qu'il fait tourner d'un pas.When the date wheel 23 is initially in a position associated with a date other than the last calendar of a month, a maneuver of the rocker 21 leads to that only the upstream pawl finger 50 acts on the date wheel 23, it rotates one step.

Lorsque la roue des quantièmes 23 est dans une position associée au dernier quantième d'un mois, une manoeuvre de la bascule 21 conduit également à un déplacement de la roue des quantièmes 23. Le nombre de pas que compte ce déplacement dépend de la position de départ de la bascule 21 et donc de la profondeur de l'encoche 72, 73, 74 ou 75 dans laquelle se trouve initialement la queue de palpage 44. Plus le doigt de cliquet aval 51 s'accroche tôt dans le cran 63 lors d'un mouvement aller de la bascule 21 à la fin du dernier jour d'un mois de moins de trente et un jours, plus la roue des quantièmes 23 sera pivotée d'un nombre important de pas.When the date wheel 23 is in a position associated with the last calendar of a month, a maneuver of the latch 21 also leads to a displacement of the date wheel 23. The number of steps that this displacement depends on the position of departure of the rocker 21 and thus the depth of the notch 72, 73, 74 or 75 in which is initially the probing shank 44. More downstream ratchet finger 51 clings early in the notch 63 when a movement going from the latch 21 to the end of the last day of a month of less than thirty-one days, plus the date wheel 23 will be rotated a significant number of steps.

Lorsque la roue des mois 25 est dans une position associée à un mois, l'encoche 72, 73, 74 ou 75 associée à ce mois est positionnée sur la trajectoire de la queue de palpage 44 et il en est de même de la butée de début de course 76 formée par le fond de cette encoche.When the wheel of the month 25 is in a position associated with a month, the notch 72, 73, 74 or 75 associated with this month is positioned on the trajectory of the probe tip 44 and it is the same for the stop of race start 76 formed by the bottom of this notch.

Lorsque la roue des mois 25 est dans une position associée à un mois de trente et un jours, la queue de palpage 44 est enfoncée dans une encoche de très faible profondeur 72. Dans ce cas, une manoeuvre de la bascule 21 à la fin du dernier jour du mois conduit à ce que seul le doigt de cliquet amont 50, à l'exclusion du doigt de cliquet aval 51, fait se déplacer la roue des quantièmes 23, qui ne tourne que d'un pas.When the wheel of the months 25 is in a position associated with a month of thirty-one days, the probe tip 44 is driven into a notch of very shallow depth 72. In this case, a maneuver of the latch 21 at the end of the last day of the month leads to that only the upstream ratchet finger 50, excluding the downstream ratchet finger 51, causes the date wheel 23 to move, which turns only one step.

Lorsque la roue des mois 25 est dans une position associée à un mois de trente jours, la queue de palpage 44 est enfoncée dans une encoche de faible profondeur 73. Dans ce cas, comme décrit plus haut en relation avec les figures 6 à 9, une manoeuvre de la bascule 21 à la fin du dernier jour du mois conduit à ce que le doigt de cliquet aval 51 fait tourner d'un pas la roue des quantièmes 23, avant que le doigt de cliquet amont 50 fasse également tourner d'un pas cette roue des quantièmes 23.When the wheel of the months 25 is in a position associated with a month of thirty days, the probe tip 44 is pressed into a shallow notch 73. In this case, as described above in relation to the Figures 6 to 9 , a maneuver of the latch 21 at the end of the last day of the month leads to the fact that the downstream ratchet finger 51 rotates the date wheel 23 by one step, before the upstream ratchet finger 50 also rotates. one step this date wheel 23.

Lorsque la roue des mois 25 est dans une position associée à un mois de février d'une année bissextile, c'est-à-dire à un mois de vingt neuf jours, la queue de palpage 44 est enfoncée dans l'encoche de moyenne profondeur 74. Dans ce cas, une manoeuvre de la bascule 21 à la fin du dernier jour du mois conduit à ce que le doigt de cliquet aval 51 fait tourner de deux pas la roue des quantièmes 23, avant que le doigt de cliquet amont 50 fasse à son tour tourner d'un pas cette roue des quantièmes 23.When the 25-month wheel is in a position associated with a February of a leap year, that is, at a month of twenty-nine days, the probe tip 44 is pressed into the notch of medium depth 74. In this case, a maneuver of the latch 21 at the end of the last day of the month leads to the fact that the downstream ratchet finger 51 rotates two not the date wheel 23, before the upstream ratchet finger 50 in turn turn by one step this date wheel 23.

Lorsque la roue des mois 25 est dans une position associée à un mois de février d'une année non bissextile, c'est-à-dire à un mois de vingt huit jours, la queue de palpage 44 est enfoncée dans l'une des trois encoches de grande profondeur 74. Dans ce cas, une manoeuvre de la bascule 21 à la fin du dernier jour du mois conduit à ce que le doigt de cliquet aval 51 fait tourner de trois pas la roue des quantièmes 23, avant que le doigt de cliquet amont 50 fasse à son tour tourner d'un pas cette roue des quantièmes 23.When the wheel of months 25 is in a position associated with a month of February of a non-leap year, that is to say, one month of twenty eight days, the probing tail 44 is pressed into one of the Three notches of great depth 74. In this case, a maneuver of the latch 21 at the end of the last day of the month leads to the fact that the downstream ratchet finger 51 rotates by three steps the date wheel 23, before the finger The upstream ratchet 50 in turn turn this date wheel 23 by one step.

L'invention ne se limite pas au mode de réalisation décrit précédemment. En particulier, la roue des mois peut ne comporter que douze encoches associées au douze mois de l'année et un mécanisme de quantième annuel ayant une telle roue des mois peut incorporer l'invention.The invention is not limited to the embodiment described above. In particular, the month wheel may have only twelve notches associated with the twelve months of the year and an annual calendar mechanism having such a month wheel may incorporate the invention.

Claims (11)

Mécanisme de quantième annuel ou perpétuel, comportant - un mobile des quantièmes (23) qui est rotatif entre 31 positions angulaires successives chacune associée à l'un de 31 quantièmes et qui comporte un cran (63) et une roue des quantièmes (23) ayant 31 dents (61, 62, 64), - un mobile des mois (25) qui est rotatif entre des positions angulaires successives chacune associée à l'un des 12 mois de l'année, qui comprend une roue des mois (25) ayant autant de dents (70) que le mobile des mois (25) possède de positions angulaires et qui définit des butées de début de course (76) chacune associée à un mois et opérationnelle pour régler une position de début de course lorsque le mobile des mois (25) est dans la position angulaire associée à ce mois, - un doigt d'actionnement (6) pour appliquer, sur l'une des dents (70) de la roue des mois (25), un actionnement d'un pas faisant passer le mobile des mois (25) d'un mois au mois suivant, à chaque passage du mobile des quantièmes (23) du dernier quantième (62) d'un mois au premier quantième du mois suivant, - une bascule (21) prévue pour être actionnée une fois par jour, à partir de ladite position de début de course, - un dispositif de manoeuvre (22, 45, 49) porté par la bascule (21) et comportant deux doigts de cliquet, à savoir • un premier doigt de cliquet (50) pour appliquer, sur une des 31 dents (61, 62, 64) de la roue des quantièmes (23), un actionnement d'un pas faisant passer le mobile des quantièmes (23) d'un quantième au quantième suivant parmi ses 31 positions successives, à chaque actionnement de la bascule (21), et • un deuxième doigt de cliquet (51) pour appliquer, sur le cran (63), un actionnement du mobile des quantièmes (23) d'un nombre entier de pas déterminé par la position de début de course de la bascule (21), lors d'un actionnement de cette bascule (21) à la fin d'un mois de moins de 31 quantièmes, chacune des 31 dents (61, 62, 64) de la roue des quantièmes (23) ayant un profil que forme un bord périphérique (60) de cette roue des quantièmes (23),
caractérisé en ce que le bord périphérique (60) de la roue des quantièmes (23) forme également ledit cran (63) qui est intercalé entre deux dents consécutives (61, 64) parmi les 31 dents (61, 62, 64) de la roue des quantièmes (23). Annual or perpetual calendar mechanism, comprising - A mobile dates (23) which is rotatable between 31 successive angular positions each associated with one of 31 calendars and which comprises a notch (63) and a date wheel (23) having 31 teeth (61, 62, 64 ) - a moving month (25) which is rotatable between successive angular positions each associated with one of the 12 months of the year, which comprises a wheel of the months (25) having as many teeth (70) as the mobile of the month (25) has angular positions and which defines start-of-travel stops (76) each associated with a month and operative to set a start-of-travel position when the moving month (25) is in the angular position associated with this month, - an actuating finger (6) for applying, on one of the teeth (70) of the month wheel (25), an actuation of a step passing the mobile months (25) of a month to next month, with each passing of the mobile of the dates (23) of the last calendar (62) of a month to the first calendar of the following month, - a rocker (21) provided to be actuated once a day, from said start position, an operating device (22, 45, 49) carried by the rocker (21) and comprising two pawl fingers, namely A first ratchet finger (50) for applying, on one of the 31 teeth (61, 62, 64) of the date wheel (23), an actuation of a step passing the mobile of the dates (23) of a date in the next day its 31 successive positions, with each actuation of the rocker (21), and A second pawl finger (51) for applying, on the notch (63), an actuation of the date wheel (23) by an integer number of steps determined by the start position of the flip-flop (21), when the latch (21) is actuated at the end of a month of less than 31 calendar days, each of the 31 teeth (61, 62, 64) of the date wheel (23) having a profile that forms a peripheral edge (60) of this date wheel (23),
characterized in that the peripheral edge (60) of the date wheel (23) also forms said notch (63) which is interposed between two consecutive teeth (61, 64) of the 31 teeth (61, 62, 64) of the date wheel (23). Mécanisme de quantième annuel ou perpétuel selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les 31 dents (61, 62, 64) de la roue des quantièmes (23) sont constituées de 30 dents d'un premier type (61, 62) et d'une dent d'un deuxième type (64), chaque dent du premier type (61, 62) ayant un sommet et un côté arrière (65) s'éloignant de ce sommet en se déportant progressivement vers l'arrière de manière à pouvoir être accroché par le premier doigt de cliquet (50) et non par le deuxième doigt de cliquet (51), la dent du deuxième type (64) ayant un sommet et un côté arrière (66) délimitant le cran (63) et s'éloignant de ce sommet en se déportant progressivement vers l'avant de manière que la dent du deuxième type (64) peut être accrochée aussi bien par le premier doigt de cliquet (50) que par le deuxième doigt de cliquet (51).Annual or perpetual calendar mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the 31 teeth (61, 62, 64) of the date wheel (23) consist of 30 teeth of a first type (61, 62) and a tooth of a second type (64), each tooth of the first type (61, 62) having a top and a rear side (65) moving away from this vertex by progressively deporting rearwardly so as to be able to to be hooked by the first pawl (50) and not by the second pawl (51), the tooth of the second type (64) having a top and a rear side (66) delimiting the notch (63) and away from this vertex by deporting progressively forward so that the tooth of the second type (64) can be hooked both by the first pawl finger (50) that by the second pawl finger (51). Mécanisme de quantième annuel ou perpétuel selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chacune des dents (70) de la roue des mois (25) a un profil que forme un bord périphérique (71) de cette roue des mois (25), ce bord périphérique (71) de la roue des mois (25) formant également lesdites butées de début de course (76) qui sont des fonds d'encoches (72 à 75) alternant avec les dents (70) de la roue des mois (25).Annual or perpetual calendar mechanism according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the teeth (70) of the month wheel (25) has a profile that forms a peripheral edge (71) of this month wheel ( 25), this peripheral edge (71) of the wheel of the months (25) also forming said start stops (76) which are recesses (72 to 75) alternating with the teeth (70) of the wheel months (25). Mécanisme de quantième annuel ou perpétuel selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la roue des quantièmes (23), la roue des mois (25), la bascule (21) et le dispositif de manoeuvre (22, 45, 49) s'étendent dans un même plan (P1).Annual or perpetual calendar mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that the date wheel (23), the month wheel (25), the rocker (21) and the operating device (22, 45, 49) extend in the same plane (P 1 ). Mécanisme de quantième annuel ou perpétuel selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 et 4, caractérisé en ce que la bascule (21) comporte une queue de palpage (44) configurée pour s'insérer dans n'importe quelle encoche (72 à 75) parmi lesdites encoches (72 à 75) et être arrêtée par le fond (76) de cette encoche (72 à 75), dans la position de début de course, chacune des encoches (73 à 75) associées aux mois de moins de 31 jours comportant une entrée (77) située entre deux dents consécutives (70) de la roue des mois (25) et un tronçon (78) qui se trouve à distance de ces deux dents consécutives (70) et qui est élargi par rapport à l'entrée (77).Annual or perpetual calendar mechanism according to any one of claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the flip-flop (21) comprises a probing shank (44) configured to fit into any notch (72 to 75) among said notches (72 to 75) and being stopped by the bottom (76) of this notch (72 to 75), in the starting position of the race, each of the notches (73 to 75) associated with the months of less than 31 days having an inlet (77) located between two consecutive teeth (70) of the month wheel (25) and a section (78) which is at a distance from these two consecutive teeth (70) and which is widened relative to the entrance (77). Mécanisme de quantième annuel ou perpétuel selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la bascule (21) comporte une queue de palpage (44) configurée pour s'insérer dans n'importe quelle encoche (72 à 75) parmi lesdites encoches (72 à 75) et être arrêtée par le fond (76) de cette encoche (72 à 75), dans la position de début de course, la queue de palpage (44) présentant une courbure qui est uniforme et qui est centrée sur un axe de basculement (X1-X'1) de la bascule (21), au moins les encoches (73 à 75) associées aux mois de moins de 31 jours présentant chacune, sur toute sa longueur, la même courbure uniforme que la queue de palpage (44).Annual or perpetual calendar mechanism according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the rocker (21) comprises a probing tip (44) configured to fit into any notch (72 to 75) of said notches (72 to 75) and being stopped by the bottom (76) of this notch (72 to 75), in the starting position of stroke, the probe tip (44) having a curvature which is uniform and which is centered on a tilting axis (X 1 -X ' 1 ) of the rocker (21), at least the notches (73 to 75) associated with the months of less than 31 days each having, throughout its length, the same uniform curvature than the probe tip (44). Mécanisme de quantième annuel ou perpétuel selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un pignon (26) qui engraine avec les dents (70) de la roue des mois (25) et qui est associé à un affichage du mois en cours.Annual or perpetual calendar mechanism according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that it comprises a pinion (26) which engages with the teeth (70) of the month wheel (25) and which is associated with a display of the current month. Mécanisme de quantième annuel ou perpétuel selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une même pièce (22) montée basculante sur la bascule (21) et rappelé élastiquement contre une butée (52) de cette bascule (21) définit à la fois le premier doigt de cliquet (50) et le deuxième doigt de cliquet (51), qui est décalé par rapport au premier doigt de cliquet (50), vers l'aval en considérant le sens d'entraînement d'une dent (61, 62, 64) de la roue des quantièmes (23) par le premier doigt de cliquet (50).Annual or perpetual calendar mechanism according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the same piece (22) pivotally mounted on the rocker (21) and resiliently biased against an abutment (52) of this rocker (21) defines both the first ratchet finger (50) and the second ratchet finger (51), which is offset from the first ratchet finger (50), downstream in the direction of driving of a tooth (61, 62, 64) of the date wheel (23) by the first ratchet finger (50). Mécanisme de quantième annuel ou perpétuel selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une pièce (22) définissant l'un au moins des premier et deuxième doigts de cliquet (50, 51) est montée basculante sur la bascule (21) au moyen d'une articulation cylindrique (45) comportant un logement cylindrique (46) et une tête cylindrique complémentaire (47), le logement cylindrique (45) étant ouvert radialement au niveau d'un passage radial (53), entre deux positions décalées angulairement l'une de l'autre autour d'un axe de pivotement (X2-X'2) de la tête cylindrique (47) dans le logement cylindrique (46), la tête cylindrique (47) étant portée par un col (48) passant dans le passage radial (53).Annual or perpetual calendar mechanism according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a piece (22) defining at least one of the first and second pawl fingers (50, 51) is pivotally mounted on the rocker ( 21) by means of a cylindrical articulation (45) having a cylindrical housing (46) and a complementary cylindrical head (47), the cylindrical housing (45) being open radially at a radial passage (53), between two positions angularly offset from one another about a pivot axis (X 2 -X ' 2 ) of the cylindrical head (47) in the cylindrical housing (46), the cylindrical head (47) being carried by a neck (48) passing through the radial passage (53). Mécanisme de quantième annuel ou perpétuel selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la roue des quantièmes (23) et la roue des mois (25) s'étendent dans un même plan, l'une (62) des dents de la roue des quantièmes (23) étant plus en saillie radialement que les autres dents (61, 64) de cette roue des quantièmes (23) et formant ledit doigt d'actionnement (62).Annual or perpetual calendar mechanism according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the date wheel (23) and the month wheel (25) extend in the same plane, one (62) of the teeth the date wheel (23) being more protruding radially than the other teeth (61, 64) of the date wheel (23) and forming said actuating finger (62). Pièce d'horlogerie, caractérisée en ce qu'elle possède un mécanisme de quantième annuel ou perpétuel (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.Timepiece, characterized in that it has an annual or perpetual calendar mechanism (2) according to any one of the preceding claims.
EP14195258.0A 2014-11-27 2014-11-27 Annual or perpetual calendar mechanism and timepiece comprising the use thereof Active EP3026504B1 (en)

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EP14195258.0A EP3026504B1 (en) 2014-11-27 2014-11-27 Annual or perpetual calendar mechanism and timepiece comprising the use thereof
US14/948,540 US9703262B2 (en) 2014-11-27 2015-11-23 Annual or perpetual calendar mechanism and timepiece comprising the same
JP2015230630A JP6513560B2 (en) 2014-11-27 2015-11-26 Annual or permanent calendar mechanism, and watch comprising the same
CN201510849591.4A CN105652634B (en) 2014-11-27 2015-11-27 Year calendar or perpetual calendar mechanism and clock and watch including the mechanism
HK16108509.9A HK1220517A1 (en) 2014-11-27 2016-07-19 Annual or perpetual calendar mechanism and timepiece comprising the same

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EP14195258.0A EP3026504B1 (en) 2014-11-27 2014-11-27 Annual or perpetual calendar mechanism and timepiece comprising the use thereof

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EP3026504B1 EP3026504B1 (en) 2017-09-27

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JP (1) JP6513560B2 (en)
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EP3845973A1 (en) * 2019-12-20 2021-07-07 Manufacture d'Horlogerie Audemars Piguet SA Timepiece mechanism intended to be driven according to a variable number of pitches
US11892804B2 (en) 2019-12-20 2024-02-06 Manufacture D'horlogerie Audemars Piguet Sa Timepiece mechanism intended to be driven through a variable number of steps
EP4325303A1 (en) 2022-08-16 2024-02-21 Manufacture d'Horlogerie Audemars Piguet SA Perpetual date mechanism with concentric cams
WO2024038348A1 (en) 2022-08-16 2024-02-22 Manufacture D'horlogerie Audemars Piguet Sa Perpetual calendar mechanism with concentric cams

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN105652634B (en) 2019-06-04
US20160154380A1 (en) 2016-06-02
EP3026504B1 (en) 2017-09-27
HK1220517A1 (en) 2017-05-05
CN105652634A (en) 2016-06-08
US9703262B2 (en) 2017-07-11
JP6513560B2 (en) 2019-05-15
JP2016102793A (en) 2016-06-02

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