EP1586100A1 - Electrode d'une cellule electrochimique, bobine d'electrodes, cellule electrochimique et leur procede de production - Google Patents

Electrode d'une cellule electrochimique, bobine d'electrodes, cellule electrochimique et leur procede de production

Info

Publication number
EP1586100A1
EP1586100A1 EP03815356A EP03815356A EP1586100A1 EP 1586100 A1 EP1586100 A1 EP 1586100A1 EP 03815356 A EP03815356 A EP 03815356A EP 03815356 A EP03815356 A EP 03815356A EP 1586100 A1 EP1586100 A1 EP 1586100A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
channels
electrode according
electrochemical cell
coating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03815356A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Werner Erhardt
Andree Schwake
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TDK Electronics AG
Original Assignee
Epcos AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Epcos AG filed Critical Epcos AG
Publication of EP1586100A1 publication Critical patent/EP1586100A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G9/004—Details
    • H01G9/04—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon
    • H01G9/048—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon characterised by their structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • Electrode for an electrochemical cell Electrode for an electrochemical cell, electrode coil, electrochemical cell and method of manufacture
  • the invention relates to an electrode for an electrochemical cell which contains an electrolyte.
  • the invention further relates to an electrode coil.
  • the invention relates to an electrochemical cell with the coil.
  • Electrochemical cells are known, for example, in the form of electrical double-layer capacitors from the publication DE 100 60 653 AI.
  • the electrochemical double-layer capacitors described there have the form of electrode layers formed from activated carbon, which are contacted with supply layers, for example an aluminum foil.
  • a stack of electrodes one above the other with constantly changing polarity must be installed in a housing and impregnated there with a liquid electrolyte.
  • a large number of individual electrodes are stacked on top of one another or two electrodes of different polarity are wound along a longitudinal direction. In both cases, the electrodes of different polarity are electrically separated from one another by a separator.
  • the known electrodes have the disadvantage that the impregnation process takes a very long time, since it takes a very long time until the electrolyte liquid has penetrated into the separator arranged between the electrodes and displaced the air stored there.
  • a time of approx. 72 hours is required until the Wrap completely from the electrical saturated liquid and the entire gas from the pores of the activated carbon of the electrodes and the separator has exited the condenser through the impregnation opening.
  • JP 11339770-A In order to shorten the impregnation time, it is also known from JP 11339770-A to impregnate an electrolyte into a wrap under reduced pressure.
  • this method has the disadvantage that the problem of the impregnation time is only inadequately solved and that, in addition, an increased outlay on equipment is required for the impregnation of the winding.
  • the invention is based on the idea that the exchange of electrolyte for gas can take place more quickly by providing channels in the electrode, since such channels are suitable for quickly transporting small amounts of gas or gas bubbles from the inside of the winding to the outside or to provide the electrolyte in sufficient quantities through these channels also inside the capacitor, so that impregnation can take place more quickly than if only The electrolyte can be offered in sufficient quantities from the two ends of the winding.
  • an electrode for an electrochemical cell with an electrolyte which contains channels in which an electrolyte liquid can flow.
  • the electrode has the advantage that the exchange of electrolyte liquid and gas in a winding can take place more quickly during the impregnation through the channels.
  • the channels can be designed in the form of grooves on the surface of the electrode. This has the advantage that the manufacture of the channels can be greatly simplified since the electrodes can be manufactured in a first process step and the grooves can be introduced into the electrode from the outside, for example by embossing, by subsequent machining of the electrodes ,
  • the electrode has a coated film, the grooves being formed by uncoated partial areas of the film.
  • a coated film the grooves being formed by uncoated partial areas of the film.
  • Such an electrode has the advantage that the grooves can be formed simultaneously with the manufacture of the electrode, which can significantly reduce the duration for the manufacture of the electrode.
  • Such an electrode also has the advantage that the depth of the grooves is automatically predetermined by the thickness of the coating.
  • the channels have a width between 0.1 and 0.5 mm. This also ensures that the channels do not fall below a certain minimum width, which would make it more difficult to transport the electrolyte fluid. In addition, it is achieved at the same time that too much volume of the electrode is not lost through the formation of the channels, which would have negative effects on the capacitance of the electrochemical double-layer capacitor used, for example, as an electrochemical cell.
  • electrochemical cell is to be understood to mean all devices in which an electrical effect of some kind is to be achieved by an electrode and by the presence of a liquid electrolyte.
  • electrolytic capacitors aluminum electrolytic capacitors, electrochemical double-layer capacitors or even batteries come into consideration here.
  • the depth of the channels is between 50 and 100 ⁇ m. This measure has the advantage that it corresponds to the thickness usually chosen for the coating, which enables the channels to be easily formed as grooves in the coating.
  • the electrode extends along a longitudinal direction, the channels running transversely to the longitudinal direction.
  • Such an electrode has the advantage that it can be wound up in the longitudinal direction to form a rolled winding, it being possible for the channels to be arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction to achieve that of the
  • End faces of the winding forth the electrolyte liquid can penetrate into the interior of the winding along the channels.
  • the channels can advantageously be essentially along equidistant, parallel to one another
  • transverse grooves spaced equidistantly from one another could be produced by means of embossing, a roller being used which has a straight projection running parallel to the axis of rotation of the roller.
  • the channels run obliquely to the longitudinal direction of the electrode.
  • This embodiment in turn has advantages with regard to the manufacture of the channels.
  • the channels can run along curved lines that are offset parallel to one another.
  • Such an embodiment of the electrode has the advantage that, in turn, it can be produced by means of a roller provided with one or more features.
  • the channels cross each other. This makes it possible to run the channels along two different ones, for example one
  • the electrode contains a metal foil coated with carbon powder.
  • a metal foil coated with carbon powder For example, an aluminum foil can be used as the metal foil.
  • an electrode coil is specified in which several layers of one of the electrodes just described are arranged one above the other.
  • Such an electrode coil has the advantage that it can be used as a capacitor winding in a double layer electrolytic capacitor.
  • a winding is advantageous in which two electrodes of different polarity are wound.
  • an electrochemical cell which contains a liquid electrolyte and which also contains one of the coils described above.
  • Such an electrochemical cell has the advantage that the winding can be impregnated very quickly with the liquid electrolyte.
  • an electrode for an electrochemical double-layer capacitor with a liquid electrolyte which contains a metal foil coated with activated carbon powder.
  • Channels are provided in the carbon coating in which an electrolyte liquid can flow and which serve to improve the exchange between the electrolyte liquid and the gas contained in the pores of the carbon coating.
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing the above-mentioned electrode.
  • the grooves and channels according to the invention can be obtained, for example, using the following methods: a) calendering coated and not yet embossed electrodes at elevated temperature. This process can also be integrated into the winding process; b) coating an already embossed metal foil (for example an Al foil) with activated carbon; c) Scoring grooves and channels in the activated carbon coating of an untreated electrode, eg. B.
  • Figure 1 shows an example of an electrode in a schematic longitudinal section.
  • FIGS. 2A, 2B show examples of further electrodes in a schematic longitudinal section.
  • Figure 3 shows an example of an electrode in a plan view.
  • FIGS. 3A, 3B, 3C show an example of a further electrode in a top view.
  • FIG. 4 shows a winding in a schematic cross section.
  • FIG. 5 shows an electrochemical cell in a schematic cross section.
  • FIG. 5A shows a further electrochemical cell in a schematic cross section.
  • Figure 1 shows an electrode 1, which consists of a film 5, which is coated on the top and on the bottom with a coating 41, 42, respectively.
  • the film 5 is an aluminum film, the thickness of the film dF being between 10 and 100 ⁇ m.
  • a dimension between 30 and 300 ⁇ m is usually selected for the thickness dB of the coating 41, 42.
  • the coating is e.g. B. an activated carbon powder which has been applied to the electrode by powder coating.
  • the average diameter of the activated carbon particles is z. B. in the range 0.2 - 5 microns.
  • the density of the electrodes is approximately 0.6 to 0.8 g / cm 3 .
  • the porosity of the electrodes is approx. 35 to 65%.
  • the capacitance density is approx. 10 to 25 F / cm 3 .
  • Channels 2 are provided in both the upper and the lower coating 41, 42.
  • the channels 2 are formed by interrupting the coating of the film 5.
  • the channels 2 have the shape of grooves. They can also be viewed as depressions in the coatings 41, 42, ie it is not essential that the coatings 41, 42 are completely interrupted at the locations of the channels 2, rather it would also be sufficient if the coatings 41, 42 were on the locations of the channels 2 are only thinner than in the other areas.
  • the width b of the channels 2 is between 0.1 and 1 mm. These dimensions are only to be regarded as advantageous dimensions. Other widths can therefore also be selected for channels 2.
  • the distance a between two channels on the same side of the film 5 is advantageously chosen between 30 and 100 mm. In order to evenly distribute the channels 2 in the coil to be formed from the electrode 1, it is advantageous if the channels 2 on the top side are offset with respect to the channels 2 on the bottom side of the film 5.
  • FIG. 2A shows an electrode 1 in which the channels 2 are produced by being stamped into the electrode 1.
  • the depth t of the channels 2 can be set variably, so it is not as in the example according to FIG. 1, where in particular reference is made to channels 2 which are produced by interrupting the coating 4 the thickness of the coating is limited. Rather, the depth t can take many different dimensions.
  • the depth t is advantageously between 10 and 200 ⁇ m.
  • the channels 2 produced by embossing according to FIG. 2 also have the advantage that on the side of the film opposite channel 2 there is an elevation of the film which is later used when the electrode is wound into a coil for additional distances between the electrode layers lying one above the other ensures and thus generate additional channels for the transport of the electrolyte liquid.
  • FIG. 2B shows the electrode 1, in which the channels 2 are again produced by stamping in accordance with FIG. 2A, but there is no longer any significant distance between the electrodes Channels 2 provided, rather they are directly adjacent to each other.
  • the density of the channels can be increased to a maximum, whereby the duration of the impregnation can be reduced to a minimum time.
  • FIG. 3 shows an electrode 1 which runs along a longitudinal direction (indicated by the arrow).
  • the electrode comprises an aluminum foil 5, which is partially provided with a coating 4.
  • the film 5 On the left edge, the film 5 has a free edge 7, which makes it possible to connect the winding to an external connection of the electrochemical cell by contacting the free edge.
  • the channels 2 run along curved lines which, for example, can be offset parallel to one another. It can also be seen from FIG. 3 that the channels 2 cross each other and thus form crossing points 6.
  • the electrode shown in FIG. 3 has the advantage, on the one hand, that the channels 2 are very well homogeneously distributed over the surface of the electrode and, accordingly, later in the finished winding, accordingly homogeneously over the volume of the winding.
  • the production can be carried out by means of a roller by stamping, wherein a discontinuity in the rolling of the roller can be largely avoided by means of projections running along the circumference of the roller.
  • FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C show further possibilities for arranging the channels 2.
  • the electrode 1 again runs in a longitudinal direction (indicated by the arrow) and is therefore particularly suitable for producing a coil according to FIG.
  • the channels 2 are arranged along equidistant straight pieces running parallel to one another. Such channels 2 can be produced, for example, by scratching the coating 4.
  • the channels 2 are arranged along straight lines running parallel to one another. Each channel goes 2 from an edge boundary of the electrode 1 and runs from there to the inside, but without reaching the opposite edge.
  • the channels 2 alternately start from the upper and from the lower boundary edge of the electrode 1.
  • Such a design of the channels 2 can have the effect that the inflow of the electrolyte from the top and from the bottom of the electrode can be promoted spatially offset from one another.
  • the channels 2 are arranged as straight lines which form an approximately right angle along a center line of the electrode 1. This makes it possible to achieve an equalization of the impregnation over the winding formed by stacking or winding electrodes 1. In particular, the distance between the channels 2 can be reduced so that there is no longitudinal section of the electrode 1 without a channel 2.
  • FIG. 4 shows a winding 8 which is formed from two electrodes 11, 12 and two separators 91, 92.
  • the separators 91, 92 have the task of taking up the liquid electrolyte, which is essential for the functioning of the electrochemical cell.
  • the separators 91, 92 have the task of avoiding a short circuit between directly opposite electrodes 11, 12 of different polarity.
  • Paper or a porous plastic, for example, is used as the separator 91, 92.
  • the separator 91, 92 is preferably formed in two layers in order to prevent the risk of pores running through the entire thickness of the separator 91, 92 in one go, which could cause a short circuit.
  • the thickness dS of the separator 91, 92 is typically between 10 and 100 ⁇ m.
  • the package of electrodes 11, 12 and the separators 91, 92 is wound around the winding axis 10 to form a winding 8.
  • the channels 2 of the electrodes 1 are then evenly distributed in the finished winding 8.
  • the layer thickness ratios in FIG. 4 also show why it is advantageous to incorporate the channels into the coating of the film.
  • the coating of the film has the greatest thickness in the layer package, which is why the largest channels can also be produced here.
  • the separator 9 is also provided with channels for improving the impregnation.
  • FIG. 5 shows the impregnation process, with a winding 8 according to FIG. 4 being installed in a cylindrical housing 11.
  • the axis of symmetry of the housing 11 and the winding axis 10 coincide.
  • a filling opening 12 is provided on the top of the housing 11, where liquid electrolyte 3 can be filled into the housing by means of a funnel 13.
  • the curved arrows show the direction of flow of the electrolyte 3 within the channels in the winding 8.
  • FIG. 5A shows an impregnation device similar to that in FIG. 5, but with the filling opening 12 being arranged directly above the core tube 14 of the winding 8 and accordingly the impregnation taking place from the underside of the winding 8, as indicated by the curved arrows.
  • the electrolyte for the electrochemical double-layer capacitor described in these examples is preferably 0.5 M to 1.6 M tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate in aeetonitrile.
  • the invention is not limited to electrochemical double-layer capacitors and electrodes with aluminum foil and carbon coating, but can be applied to all electrodes for all conceivable electrochemical cells that contain a liquid electrolyte.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une électrode (1) d'une cellule électrochimique contenant un électrolyte liquide (3). Cette électrode comporte des canaux (2) dans lesquels un liquide électrolytique peut circuler. Cette électrode (1) présente l'avantage de permettre la réduction de l'imprégnation de la cellule électrochimique.
EP03815356A 2003-01-21 2003-12-23 Electrode d'une cellule electrochimique, bobine d'electrodes, cellule electrochimique et leur procede de production Withdrawn EP1586100A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10302119 2003-01-21
DE10302119A DE10302119A1 (de) 2003-01-21 2003-01-21 Elektrode für eine elektrochemische Zelle, Elektrodenwickel und elektrochemische Zelle
PCT/DE2003/004288 WO2004066325A1 (fr) 2003-01-21 2003-12-23 Electrode d'une cellule electrochimique, bobine d'electrodes, cellule electrochimique et leur procede de production

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1586100A1 true EP1586100A1 (fr) 2005-10-19

Family

ID=32602818

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03815356A Withdrawn EP1586100A1 (fr) 2003-01-21 2003-12-23 Electrode d'une cellule electrochimique, bobine d'electrodes, cellule electrochimique et leur procede de production

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20060210874A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1586100A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2006513574A (fr)
CN (1) CN1742350A (fr)
DE (1) DE10302119A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004066325A1 (fr)

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JP4878963B2 (ja) * 2006-08-29 2012-02-15 Ｆｄｋ株式会社 蓄電素子およびその製造方法
DE102006035468A1 (de) * 2006-11-29 2008-06-05 Dilo Trading Ag Modifizierte Elektroden für elektrische Energiespeicher
US8598073B2 (en) 2009-04-20 2013-12-03 Corning Incorporated Methods of making and using activated carbon-containing coated substrates and the products made therefrom
US8691435B2 (en) 2009-09-18 2014-04-08 Daihatsu Motor Co., Ltd. Electrochemical cell and electrochemical capacitor
JP2011066324A (ja) * 2009-09-18 2011-03-31 Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd 電気化学セル
US9209464B2 (en) * 2009-09-24 2015-12-08 Corning Incorporated Current collectors having textured coating
DE102011012274A1 (de) * 2010-03-18 2011-09-22 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Verfahren zum drucktechnischen Erzeugen einer strukturierten Fläche
JP6284036B2 (ja) * 2012-02-21 2018-02-28 日本ケミコン株式会社 電解コンデンサ
KR101439834B1 (ko) 2012-11-08 2014-09-17 주식회사 엘지화학 플렉서블 젤리롤 타입 2차 전지
JP6286861B2 (ja) * 2013-05-01 2018-03-07 日産自動車株式会社 電極、電極の製造方法及び電池
DE102013108266A1 (de) * 2013-08-01 2015-02-05 Johnson Controls Autobatterie Gmbh & Co. Kgaa Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung einer Elektrodenplatte, Elektrodenplatte und elektrochemischer Akkumulator
KR102103895B1 (ko) * 2015-09-21 2020-04-24 주식회사 엘지화학 무지 부를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 음극 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지
KR102265221B1 (ko) * 2017-03-20 2021-06-16 (주)엘지에너지솔루션 전해액 함침성을 향상시키기 위한 전지셀의 제조방법
CN109390558B (zh) * 2018-09-29 2021-01-01 华中科技大学 一种锂离子电池极片及其制造方法
CN212380442U (zh) 2020-05-09 2021-01-19 比亚迪股份有限公司 极片、卷绕式电池电芯和电池
CN211980772U (zh) 2020-05-09 2020-11-20 比亚迪股份有限公司 极片、卷绕式电池电芯和电池
CN112542616A (zh) * 2020-12-04 2021-03-23 东莞新能安科技有限公司 电化学装置和电子装置
JP7286696B2 (ja) * 2021-03-15 2023-06-05 本田技研工業株式会社 電池用部材の製造方法及び製造装置
CN114203970B (zh) * 2021-11-30 2024-04-19 华中科技大学 一种改善锂电池电解液浸润性的电极极片及其制备方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2006513574A (ja) 2006-04-20
US20060210874A1 (en) 2006-09-21
WO2004066325A1 (fr) 2004-08-05
DE10302119A1 (de) 2004-07-29
CN1742350A (zh) 2006-03-01

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