EP1581779B9 - Element refrigerant, notamment pour fours, et procede de production d'un element refrigerant - Google Patents

Element refrigerant, notamment pour fours, et procede de production d'un element refrigerant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1581779B9
EP1581779B9 EP03782142A EP03782142A EP1581779B9 EP 1581779 B9 EP1581779 B9 EP 1581779B9 EP 03782142 A EP03782142 A EP 03782142A EP 03782142 A EP03782142 A EP 03782142A EP 1581779 B9 EP1581779 B9 EP 1581779B9
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
copper
pipes
cooling element
cooling
cast
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03782142A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1581779A1 (fr
EP1581779B1 (fr
Inventor
Karlfried Pfeifenbring
Marcus Hering
Peter H. MÜLLER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hundt and Weber GmbH
Original Assignee
Hundt and Weber GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hundt and Weber GmbH filed Critical Hundt and Weber GmbH
Publication of EP1581779A1 publication Critical patent/EP1581779A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1581779B1 publication Critical patent/EP1581779B1/fr
Publication of EP1581779B9 publication Critical patent/EP1581779B9/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/12—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs incorporating cooling arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cooling element, in particular for use in walls of highly thermally stressed furnaces, consisting of cast copper or a low-alloyed copper alloy with arranged in its interior coolant channels made of cast copper in the copper or copper alloy copper pipes.
  • Such cooling elements are usually arranged between the shell and the lining of a furnace, often for use behind the refractory lining, including the cooling elements to the cooling system of the furnace, for.
  • the surfaces of these cooling elements can, as for example in the EP 0 816 515 A1 is described, provided on the side facing the furnace interior with additional webs or grooves or honeycomb depressions, so as to allow a better bond with the refractory lining of the furnace or a good adhesion of the furnace process resulting and due to the intense cooling by the cooling elements solidifying slag or metal to protect the cooling element from chemical attack and erosion.
  • cooling elements are usually in the form of cooling plates in the furnace walls or the ceiling or the hearth area of cylindrical or oval shaft furnaces. Also used are such Cooling elements also in pig iron blast furnaces, in electric arc furnaces, direct reduction reactors and melter gasifiers. Further areas of use for the cooling elements are burner blocks, nozzles, pouring troughs, electrode clamps, taphole blocks, hearth anodes or dies for anode forms.
  • a high degree of heat dissipation is aimed at the cooling elements, whereby both the service life of the cooling elements can be improved and it is avoided that thermal peak loads of the furnace process, especially during dynamic operation, lead to destruction of the cooling element.
  • Metallurgical dependencies also play a major role in the use of copper melts. Copper melts tend to absorb gases. Hydrogen and oxygen in particular have a disruptive effect on the casting process. The duration of the melting time and possibly the superheating temperature also play a role and can vary from melting process to melting process. Hydrogen and oxygen are in equilibrium with each other, which is why low hydrogen contents are set at high oxygen contents and vice versa. Since the solubility of hydrogen in solid copper is much lower than in liquid copper, it can be deduced that the solubility for hydrogen decreases significantly with decreasing temperature. The transition from the liquid to the solid phase of the copper melt has an extremely large reduction in solubility for hydrogen, one generally speaks of a solubility jump when falling below the liquidus temperature, this is about 3.5 ml of hydrogen per 100 g of copper melt.
  • the oxygen content must be deliberately reduced by a deoxidizing treatment of the melt in the ladle. Due to this, however, complicated two-stage metallurgical treatment of the copper melt, a reaction with the oxygen of the copper oxide of the cast-copper pipes can no longer lead to an undesirable formation of water vapor and thus gas bubbles within the melt.
  • the prior art further includes a cooling element, as this in the DE-PS 1386 645 is described.
  • the tube to be encapsulated is not in the mold from the beginning, but first the copper melt for the production of copper block is placed in the mold, and then immersed the prefabricated tube in this melt, at the same time the tube inner walls are cooled.
  • the attachment proposed an additional layer on the outside of the tube, said additional layer consists of a further, third metal, which can be applied, for example, galvanically on the tube. Which metals can be suitable for such purposes, remains open.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a cooling element in particular for use in walls of thermally highly loaded stoves, which is characterized at the interfaces between the cooling tube and Umgussmetall by an improved composite material and thus an increased heat transfer. Furthermore, a method is proposed, with which such a cooling element can be produced.
  • the tubes to be cast in the manufacture of the cooling element are previously coated by electroplating with a suitable metal layer, this metal layer on the one hand brings no deterioration, but rather an improvement of the heat transfer with it, so has a very good specific heat conduction.
  • the galvanically applied metal layer leads to advantages in the passivation of the pipe outside against oxidation effects during casting, further improves the adhesion between the pipe and Umgussmetall as a result of bordering adjusting diffusion processes. It is thus an immediate connection between the Umgussmetall and the cast-tube allows, the heat transfer is greatly improved and the cast-tube body promotes the subsequent use of the cooling element, for example, in an industrial furnace, a good cooling effect.
  • the tubes are copper tubes
  • the coating is a galvanic nickel coating. According to the method, this is achieved by coating the outside of the pipe in a galvanic nickel bath, the thickness of the layer thus formed being between 3 and 12 .mu.m, preferably between 6 and 10 .mu.m.
  • Nickel is characterized by a relatively good thermal conductivity, in addition, nickel has a density comparable to copper and a very similar atomic diameter.
  • the melting point of nickel at 1453 ° C is significantly higher than the melting point of copper at 1083 ° C, which prevents or delays melting of the electrolytic nickel layer during filling of the liquid copper.
  • the high melting point of the nickel protects the nickel plating layer of the tube from attack by the melt, such as an additional tube.
  • the high heat energy causes diffusion processes to take place between the galvanic nickel layer and the copper encapsulation, which lead to a significantly better adhesion of the encapsulation to the copper tube.
  • connection surface is corrosion resistant, here in particular affects the complete solubility of the copper for nickel and the approximately equal atomic diameter positive.
  • the nickel of the galvanic nickel layer in this region is barely detectable.
  • the long cooling time after the solidification of the copper up to the end of the diffusion processes at about 400 ° C, which at least makes up depending on the size of the cast cooling element 4 to 8 hours.
  • the thickness of the nickel layer electroplated on the outside of the pipe the optimum seems to exist between 6 and 10 ⁇ m.
  • the copper pipes are coated only after the production of the desired pipe shape.
  • the manufacture of the copper tube including all desired bends, branches and similar flow structures takes place. Only then will the Copper pipes electrolytically nickel-plated on the outer side of the pipe in a galvanic bath. If, in contrast, the copper pipe is already nickel-plated before the various deformation processes are carried out, it turns out that the nickel layers change greatly due to the heating in the region of, for example, the arcs and radii of the pipe, and thus does not subsequently establish a uniform bond with the metal casting.
  • the tube outer sides are mechanically blasted before the coating, preferably by blasting with a coarse glass grain. Before electroplating is a strong pickling, d. H. Staining required. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the coated tube outer sides are degreased prior to encapsulation of the tubes, preferably by cleaning with acetone.
  • the finished in their geometry copper tubes are first blasted with coarse glass grain, so as to achieve a rough as possible and thus large surface with the result of a good pre-cleaning and activation of the tubes. Subsequently, the electrolytic coating of the tube outside in the galvanic nickel bath then takes place. Due to the previously activated by decapitation surface good adhesion of the nickel layer is achieved. During the subsequent installation of the copper pipes in the molding box of the casting mold, attention should be paid to a non-greasy surface, whereby the cleaning of the pipes with acetone is recommended. Then, the sprue of the liquid copper takes place in the casting mold. Based on the previously cleaned surface, any oxidation of the pipe surfaces during casting could be avoided. A deterioration of the network is prevented in this way. Even a slight oxidation of the nickel surface does not appear to be detrimental to the incoming fusion and the ongoing diffusion processes.
  • the tubes are not copper tubes, but copper-nickel tubes with a copper content of 30 to 70% and a nickel content of 20 to 65%, wherein the electrolytic coating is a copper coating is.
  • a suitable method for producing such a cooling element method is characterized in that the tubes used are copper-nickel tubes with a copper content of 30 to 70% and a nickel content of 20 to 65%, and that the coating of the tube outer sides done in a galvanic copper bath.
  • Table 2 shows the test results of the thermographic examination by thermal image evaluation: Table 2 Test results of the thermographic examination (thermal image evaluation) Cooling through 1.8 m 3 / h water flow rate and 6 bar pressure from about 175-180 ° Celsius TEMPERATURES IN ° CELSIUS Sample No.
  • Table 3 gives the results of the shear tests carried out, specifying the shear strength ⁇ in N / mm 2 for the four material combinations copper without nickel plating, copper with nickel plating, Monel 400 without copper layer and Monel 400 with electrolytic copper layer.
  • Table 3 Results of the shear test in N / mm 2 Example results: copper without Ni layer 4.5 copper with Ni layer 20.7 4-5 times by optimal nickel coating Monel 400 without Cu layer 4.8 Monel 400: with Cu layer 27.4 5-6 times by optimal copper coating
  • the thus prepared specimens were heated in an annealing furnace, during the subsequent cooling with a defined amount of water and a defined pressure thermographic images were taken with the help of an infrared camera.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Elément de refroidissement , en particulier pour l'utilisation dans des parois de fours soumis à de fortes contraintes thermiques, consistant en cuivre coulé ou en alliage de cuivre faiblement allié, à l'intérieur duquel sont agencés des canaux pour agent réfrigérant sous la forme de tubes coulés dans le cuivre, respectivement l'alliage de cuivre, caractérisé en ce que les tubes des canaux pour agent réfrigérant sont des tubes en cuivre qui présentent sur la faces extérieure un revêtement électrolytique.
  2. Elément de refroidissement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur du revêtement est située entre 3 et 12 mm, de préférence entre 6 et 10 mm.
  3. Procédé pour la fabrication d'un élément de refroidissement, pourvu à l'intérieur de canaux pour agent réfrigérant, formés de tubes, en particulier pour l'utilisation dans des parois de fours soumis à de fortes contraintes thermiques, comprenant les étapes suivantes:
    a) Fabrication du tube, y compris tous les coudes, dérivations et également les structures d'écoulement désirés,
    b) Coulée des tubes dans un moule avec du cuivre fondu ou un alliage de cuivre faiblement allié, en procédant de préférence à un refroidissement simultané des parois intérieures des tubes,
    c) Refroidissement de la masse fondue de cuivre,
    caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise des tubes en cuivre et que, lors de la fabrication des tubes, au moins les zones des faces extérieures des tubes, qui seront plus tard coulés dans le cuivre ou l'alliage de cuivre, sont revêtues électrolytiquement.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les tubes ne sont revêtus qu'après la réalisation de la forme souhaitée des tubes.
  5. Procédé selon revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que les faces extérieures des tubes sont sablées mécaniquement avant le revêtement, de préférence avec des jets de grains de verre grossiers.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les faces extérieures des tubes sont dégraissées avant coulée des tubes, de préférence par nettoyage avec de l'acétone.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les tubes employés sont des tubes en cuivre et que le revêtement des faces extérieures du des tubes est effectué dans un bain de nickelage galvanique.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 3 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de la couche galvanique est située entre 3 et 12 mm, de préférence entre 6 et 10 mm.
EP03782142A 2002-12-20 2003-12-08 Element refrigerant, notamment pour fours, et procede de production d'un element refrigerant Expired - Lifetime EP1581779B9 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10259870 2002-12-20
DE10259870A DE10259870A1 (de) 2002-12-20 2002-12-20 Kühlelement, insbesondere für Öfen, sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kühlelements
PCT/DE2003/004030 WO2004057256A1 (fr) 2002-12-20 2003-12-08 Element refrigerant, notamment pour fours, et procede de production d'un element refrigerant

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1581779A1 EP1581779A1 (fr) 2005-10-05
EP1581779B1 EP1581779B1 (fr) 2008-11-12
EP1581779B9 true EP1581779B9 (fr) 2009-08-12

Family

ID=32404024

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03782142A Expired - Lifetime EP1581779B9 (fr) 2002-12-20 2003-12-08 Element refrigerant, notamment pour fours, et procede de production d'un element refrigerant

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US8080116B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1581779B9 (fr)
JP (1) JP4764008B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101051942B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE414250T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003289826A1 (fr)
BR (1) BR0317488A (fr)
CA (1) CA2511141C (fr)
DE (2) DE10259870A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2316841T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004057256A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA200504909B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015001190A1 (de) 2015-01-31 2016-08-04 Karlfried Pfeifenbring Kühlelement für metallurgische Öfen sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kühlelements

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI121429B (fi) * 2005-11-30 2010-11-15 Outotec Oyj Jäähdytyselementti ja menetelmä jäähdytyselementin valmistamiseksi
DE102010055162A1 (de) * 2010-12-18 2012-06-21 Mahle International Gmbh Beschichtung sowie beschichtetes Eingussbauteil
FI123631B (en) * 2011-11-30 2013-08-30 Outotec Oyj COOLING ELEMENT
US10301208B2 (en) * 2016-08-25 2019-05-28 Johns Manville Continuous flow submerged combustion melter cooling wall panels, submerged combustion melters, and methods of using same

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE726599C (de) 1941-01-17 1942-10-16 Hundt & Weber G M B H Verfahren zum Umgiessen rohrartiger Koerper
FI47052C (fi) * 1971-10-11 1973-09-10 Outokumpu Oy Menetelmä erilaisissa sulatusuuneissa käytettävien jäähdytyselementtie n valmistamiseksi.
JPS555101A (en) * 1978-06-05 1980-01-16 Nikkei Giken:Kk Casting method for wrapping metal
JPS56169819A (en) * 1980-06-02 1981-12-26 Hiroyuki Kanai Traveler for spinning frame
JPH0225261Y2 (fr) * 1981-03-28 1990-07-11
JPS58147504A (ja) 1982-02-24 1983-09-02 Mishima Kosan Co Ltd 溶鉱炉の炉体冷却盤
JPS58207375A (ja) * 1982-05-28 1983-12-02 Usui Internatl Ind Co Ltd 耐熱・耐食性被覆金属管及びその製造方法
JPS59170698A (ja) * 1983-03-18 1984-09-26 Hitachi Ltd 熱交換器の表面処理法
JPH0364492A (ja) * 1989-07-31 1991-03-19 Kobe Steel Ltd 耐応力腐食割れ性に優れためっき処理部材
US5441763A (en) * 1994-04-05 1995-08-15 A.O. Smith Corporation Method of corrosion protecting steel structural components
RU2100728C1 (ru) 1996-04-08 1997-12-27 Виктор Никонорович Семенов Кессон плавильного агрегата и способ его изготовления
DE29611704U1 (de) 1996-07-05 1996-10-17 MAN Gutehoffnungshütte AG, 46145 Oberhausen Kühlplatte für metallurgische Öfen
FI107789B (fi) * 1999-02-03 2001-10-15 Outokumpu Oy Valumuotti jäähdytyselementin valmistamiseksi ja muotissa valmistettu jäähdytyselementti
DE10014359A1 (de) 2000-03-24 2001-09-27 Km Europa Metal Ag Kühlplatte
US6280681B1 (en) * 2000-06-12 2001-08-28 Macrae Allan J. Furnace-wall cooling block

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015001190A1 (de) 2015-01-31 2016-08-04 Karlfried Pfeifenbring Kühlelement für metallurgische Öfen sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kühlelements
WO2016119770A1 (fr) 2015-01-31 2016-08-04 Karlfried Pfeifenbring Élément de refroidissement de fours métallurgiques et procédé de fabrication d'un élément de refroidissement
DE102015001190B4 (de) * 2015-01-31 2016-09-01 Karlfried Pfeifenbring Kühlelement für metallurgische Öfen sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kühlelements

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2511141C (fr) 2011-05-31
DE50310788D1 (fr) 2008-12-24
ZA200504909B (en) 2006-08-30
WO2004057256A1 (fr) 2004-07-08
ATE414250T1 (de) 2008-11-15
CA2511141A1 (fr) 2004-07-08
KR20050084441A (ko) 2005-08-26
EP1581779A1 (fr) 2005-10-05
US8080116B2 (en) 2011-12-20
US20070000579A1 (en) 2007-01-04
EP1581779B1 (fr) 2008-11-12
BR0317488A (pt) 2005-11-16
JP2006510866A (ja) 2006-03-30
AU2003289826A1 (en) 2004-07-14
KR101051942B1 (ko) 2011-07-26
DE10259870A1 (de) 2004-07-01
JP4764008B2 (ja) 2011-08-31
ES2316841T3 (es) 2009-04-16

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