EP1570244A1 - Procede et dispositif permettant d'acquerir et de reproduire des bruits, en particulier d'analyser les composantes acoustiques dans des vehicules automobiles, et ecouteurs - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif permettant d'acquerir et de reproduire des bruits, en particulier d'analyser les composantes acoustiques dans des vehicules automobiles, et ecouteurs

Info

Publication number
EP1570244A1
EP1570244A1 EP03758041A EP03758041A EP1570244A1 EP 1570244 A1 EP1570244 A1 EP 1570244A1 EP 03758041 A EP03758041 A EP 03758041A EP 03758041 A EP03758041 A EP 03758041A EP 1570244 A1 EP1570244 A1 EP 1570244A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
noise
ears
real
noises
signal processing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03758041A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Schliep
Szabolcs TÖRGYEKES
Walter Zipp
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
DaimlerChrysler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DaimlerChrysler AG filed Critical DaimlerChrysler AG
Publication of EP1570244A1 publication Critical patent/EP1570244A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H3/00—Measuring characteristics of vibrations by using a detector in a fluid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for detecting and reproducing noises, in particular for a- acoustic component analysis in motor vehicles.
  • the invention also relates to a headphone, in particular for use in the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention.
  • an apparatus and a method for detecting and reproducing noises, in particular for acoustic component analysis in motor vehicles, are to be improved.
  • a device for detecting and reproducing noises, in particular for acoustic component analysis in motor vehicles, having at least two microphones for arrangement in the region of the two ears of a user for the binaural detection of noises and for conversion into electrical signals, with two noise protection devices - z.
  • two noise protection devices - z For example, with a noise attenuation of 20 dB at frequencies above 250 Hz - for arrangement in the region of the two ears for the shielding of the two ears from the detected noise, with signal processing means for real-time processing or real time transmission of the generated electrical signals and with two transducers Arrangement in the region of the two ears for the binaural real-time generation of sound signals according to the transmitted or processed signals.
  • detected sounds can be filtered, manipulated and reproduced aurally in real time.
  • the invention provides the conditions for a real-time assessment of noises. Previous known complex methods are thereby considerably simplified, so that a meaningful application in the development and service area is even possible.
  • An essential advantage of the invention is that the signal processing takes place in real time and therefore no time-consuming post-processing of data has to be undertaken. Rather, in the case of a motor vehicle, a noise during a test drive can be manipulated in real time and reproduced again.
  • the signal processing means have means for reducing or increasing the sound level radiated by the sound transducer relative to the noise level detected by the two microphones.
  • the passive shielding by the auricle by a low-frequency acting, z. B. 16 - 300 Hz, noise reduction system by means of destructive interference - known from headsets for aircraft pilots - combined.
  • Low-frequency chassis noise and low motor orders are thus greatly attenuated.
  • High-frequency components, which are difficult to attenuate interferometrically, are sufficiently attenuated by the passive shielding of the auricle.
  • the signal processing means comprise filter means for masking frequency ranges of the detected sound, wherein over time seen fixed or variable frequency ranges are hideable.
  • the signal processing means have control devices for controlling the filter devices as a function of operating parameters of a further system, in particular of an object or motor vehicle being examined.
  • control or triggering of the filter device can be effected as a function of a rotational speed signal, a driving speed or a switch-on signal of a fan or of a turbocharger.
  • the control of the filter devices can also be carried out as a function of a further sensor, for example a structure-borne sound sensor.
  • control devices have means for representing neural networks and / or fuzzy logic.
  • database facilities in particular for storing noise patterns, are provided.
  • noise patterns for comparison and for documenting development intermediate states can be stored.
  • synthesizing devices are provided for generating noise patterns from the detected noises.
  • the signal processing means comprise mixing devices for mixing generated noise patterns and / or stored noise patterns with the further processed or passed on signals.
  • a noise impression can be simulated, for example a sound impression resulting in equipment with special equipment of a motor vehicle.
  • the mixing devices are controlled as a function of operating parameters of a further system, in particular of a tested object or motor vehicle.
  • a further system in particular of a tested object or motor vehicle.
  • fuzzy logic can be used for control neural networks and fuzzy logic.
  • At least one communication interface is provided.
  • data can be passed on to other systems or received by them.
  • control or regulation of other subsystems is possible.
  • driving programs can be created, which make a setting of transmission, motors and possibly fans for the least possible noise nuisance.
  • the problem underlying the invention is also solved by a method for detecting and reproducing noises, in particular for acoustic component analysis in motor vehicles, in which the following steps are provided: Binaural detection of noise in the two ears of a user and converting into electrical signals Shielding the two ears from the noise, processing or passing the generated electrical signals in real time and binaural generating sound signals in the region of the two ears in real time according to the passed or processed signals.
  • filtering may be provided to hide temporally constant and / or variable frequency ranges.
  • the filtering can be carried out as a function of operating parameters of a further system, in particular of an examined object or motor vehicle and possibly using neural networks and fuzzy logic.
  • Synthesizing noise patterns from the detected sounds may be provided, as well as mixing sensed, synthesized, and / or stored noise patterns.
  • the mixing can take place as a function of operating parameters of a further system, in particular of an examined object or motor vehicle, wherein the mixing can take place using neural networks and / or fuzzy logic.
  • a headphone in particular for use in the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention, with two shields for human ears and in each case at least one sound transducer in each shielding shell, wherein at least one outer shell facing away from the ear at least a microphone is arranged.
  • the aurally accurate recording of noises and the aurally accurate, possibly manipulated reproduction of noises is made possible on the one hand.
  • the sound impression can be manipulated in real time during a test drive in the motor vehicle. It is essential that with the invention in real time and thus substantially simultaneously sounds aurally, preferably binaurally, can be detected and reproduced.
  • a replica of a human ear is arranged on the outer side facing away from the ear of each shield, in the area of which the microphone is located.
  • Fig. 2 is a further schematic representation of the device according to the invention with a headphone according to the invention and
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows the device according to the invention, which has two microphones 10, 12, which are provided for the arrangement in the region of the two ears of a user.
  • the microphones 10, 12 detect noises on the two ears of the user and pass them on to a real-time processor 14.
  • the signals supplied by the microphones 10, 12 are processed or merely looped through. For example, only the reduced or increased noise level.
  • the processed or looped signals are then output to two sound transducers 16, 18, which convert the received electrical signals into sound signals.
  • the sound transducers 16, 18 are each arranged within an earpiece of a headphone.
  • the microphones 10, 12, which are arranged on the outside of the earpieces, and the sound transducers 16, 18 within the earpiece can thus be carried out a binaural sound detection and sound reproduction.
  • the sound detection and the sound reproduction takes place substantially simultaneously, possibly with an intermediate real-time processing of the signals in the real-time processor 14.
  • a test person can be guaranteed a generally authentic hearing situation when he / she is staying in an environment with sound effects.
  • special components of the total noise for the test person can be filtered out in real time if required. This greatly facilitates real-time source identification of sounds for the subject. This is of considerable interest in particular in the development and maintenance of motor vehicles. For example, noise causes on motor vehicles, in general also technical devices, can be detected by means of the device according to the invention.
  • a performed after recording frequency analysis can also be dynamic in addition to static sounds Sounds, for example engine orders, can be precisely analyzed and assigned to the technical cause on the basis of the synchronous detection of the engine speed
  • a tonal noise component or a so-called howling noise can be emitted, for example, by hydraulic components of the oil pump, chain toothing or the generator certain engine order and possibly a noise-causing assembly assigned.
  • such an analysis of noises can take place in real time, so that, for example, during a test drive engine orders can optionally be filtered out to find out the cause of interfering noises under realistic conditions, especially aurally accurate detection and reproduction of noises.
  • signal processing of the electrical signals supplied by the microphones 10, 12 is performed.
  • the real-time processor 14 for example, a digital frequency analysis and a filtering of the received frequency spectrum to hide frequency ranges of the detected noise. This frequency ranges can be hidden, which are constant in time or variable. For example, as already stated, motor orders can be masked out or even seen over time constant frequency ranges, such as resonance frequencies of critical components.
  • the real-time processor 14 the manipulated frequency spectrum is again converted into a time signal and output to the sound transducers 16, 18.
  • the real-time processor 14 receives input data from another system or subsystem 20, for example an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.
  • operating data is provided by the subsystem 20, which may include, for example, an engine speed, a vehicle speed, switching states of fans, turbocharger boost pressure, or the like.
  • the real-time processor 14 also receives input signals from a reference sensor 22.
  • a reference sensor may be, for example, a structure-borne sound sensor which is attached to a suspect component.
  • the noise component generated by the structure-borne noise of the suspect component can be selectively filtered out in order to be able to assess the subjectively perceptible contribution of the suspected component to the overall noise in real time.
  • the reference sensor 22 can also be designed as a microphone, for example, which is arranged outside the vehicle interior. In this way, for example, the audible influence of wind noise, tire rolling noise and exhaust muzzle noise can be examined.
  • the real-time processor 14 can exchange data with a database 24 and obtain data from this database 24.
  • the database 24 is provided for storing noise patterns acquired by the microphones 10, 12. If necessary, the recorded noise patterns can be filtered. Furthermore, 24 synthesized noise patterns are stored in the database, which generates based on the detected by means of the microphones 10, 12 noise were. Furthermore, the database 24 may be used to store noise patterns, for example based entirely on simulation or acquired on systems other than the subsystem 20.
  • the noise patterns stored in the database 24 can be superimposed by the real-time processor 14 in real time to the sounds detected by the microphones 10, 12. Through such an admixture of noise patterns, auditory impressions can be simulated. For example, a hearing impression can be simulated, which results when a motor vehicle is provided with a special option or another variant of a built-component.
  • the mixing in of stored noise patterns can take place, for example, under the control of operating data of the subsystem 20 or of signals from the reference sensor 22.
  • the mixing of noise patterns from the database 24, as well as the filtering of the detected sounds within the real-time processor 14, can be controlled by means of artificial intelligence, represented by neural networks or fuzzy logic.
  • the device according to the invention is provided with a communication unit 26, via which a data and signal exchange with other systems can take place.
  • Other systems may be controlled or regulated by signals from the real-time processor 14.
  • the real-time processor 14 can deliver signals to a motor control via the communication unit 26 in order to operate a combustion engine as quietly as possible.
  • the device of Fig. 1 is shown in more detail and specifically the arrangement of the microphones 10, 12 and the sound transducer 16, 18 can be seen on a headphone 28 according to the invention.
  • the headphone 28 has, in and of itself, in a conventional manner, two shielding shells 30, 32 which are connected by means of a bracket 34 and each shield one ear of a user 54 against ambient noise.
  • the sound transducer or loudspeaker 16 is arranged and within the shielding shell 32, the sound transducer or loudspeaker 18 is arranged.
  • an artificial auricle 36, 38 or a suitable arrangement of sound transducers, by the interaction of which the spatial directional characteristic of an auricle can be achieved, is arranged.
  • the microphone 10 is placed and within the artificial auricle 38, which is arranged on the shielding shell 32, the microphone 12 is arranged.
  • the artificial auricles 36, 38 and the microphones 10, 12 aurally accurate, binaural detection of ambient noise is possible, which is indicated by means of the double arrows 40.
  • the artificial auricles 36, 38 are not shown to scale. It can be seen that in order to achieve as close to realistic pressure as possible, the artificial auricles 36 are to be arranged as close as possible to the head or ears of the user 34.
  • the noises detected by the microphones 10, 12 are converted by these into electrical signals and transferred to the real-time processor 14.
  • the real-time processor 14, which may also be referred to as a sound processor, performs an analysis of the electrical signals corresponding to the detected noise. It contains at least one order filter, at least one static filter and can also provide documentation of the recorded sounds and manipulations performed. For example, corresponding data can be stored in the database 24 or transferred to a display device.
  • the real-time processor 14 receives operating data from a further system, in the illustrated case a motor vehicle 22. For example, a speed signal can be transmitted as a trigger signal by the motor vehicle 22.
  • the real-time processor 14 is further provided with a conventional second headphone output 42 which allows monitoring of the detected or manipulated noise.
  • the signals filtered by the real-time processor 14 and possibly further manipulated are output to the sound transducers 16, 18, which generate sound signals and emit them within the shielding shells 30, 32 in the direction of the user's ears 34.
  • the user 54 thereby receives an aurally accurate reproduction of the filtered and possibly further manipulated noise.
  • they are by means of a respective flexible seal 44 at the head of the user 54 at.
  • the headphone 28 thus combines a binaural headband microphone, as is known in a similar form from the acoustic artificial head measuring technique, with a closed headphone with strong shielding.
  • the sound is detected by a microphone with an artificial auricle, similar to a dummy head.
  • the microphones 10, 12 with the artificial auricles 36, 38 are located directly on the outer sides of the Ablemuscheln 30, 32 and as close to the ears of the user 34 to ensure the authentic hearing.
  • the real-time processor 14 transmits the detected sounds to the transducers 16, 18 without manipulative filtering, but with an auditory correction
  • the user 54 has substantially the same auditory impression as if he did not wear the headphone 28 . If the detected signals are manipulated by the real-time processor 14, this ensures that the user 54 sets de Hearing impression the authentic perception of the residual noise without the intentionally hidden components.
  • the eighteenth engine order can be heard as a result of the teeth of the chain drive of the camshaft.
  • the after-running of the turbocharger whose speed has no fixed ratio to the engine speed on.
  • a notch filter can be placed on the eighteenth engine order, taking into account the engine speed.
  • the eighteenth engine order can be faded out without impairing the remaining sound perception via the closed headphones 28.
  • the howling sound of the chain drive can not be heard at any engine speed and the comparison with the unfiltered signal identifies the noise-causing component, namely the chain drive.
  • the speed of the turbocharger has no fixed ratio to the engine speed, its howling noise can not be hidden by a simple engine trim filter.
  • the rotational speed of the turbocharger for example via a structure-borne noise sensor, corresponding to a reference sensor 22, must be detected. Thereby, the required filter parameters in the real-time processor 14 can be determined and the howling sound of the turbocharger can be faded out.
  • the real-time processing of the signals in the real-time processor 14 makes it possible to compare the unfiltered and the filtered noise on the real object, without requiring any time delay or reproduction of recording devices. would be. This makes assessments easier and development cycles can be shortened.
  • Such separate microphones or other sensors can be arranged in the near field of a suspicious noise source, so that noise patterns of this source are detected. By passing these detected noise patterns to the real-time processor 14, the latter can filter out the noise patterns typical of the source from the transmission path between the microphones 10, 12 and the sound transducers 16, 18.
  • noise patterns In addition to filtering out noise patterns, the possible addition of other noise patterns from the database 24 allows simulating the exchange of noisy units in real time, for example, during a test drive.
  • Fig. 3 shows schematically an embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • step 46 the binaural detection of noise by means of the microphones 10, 12, which are in the artificial ears 36, 38 and thus when the user 54 carries the headphone 28, are arranged in the region of its two ears.
  • the microphones 10, 12 convert the detected sounds into electrical signals in step 46 and pass them on to the real-time processor 14.
  • Real-time processor 14 in step 48, effects real-time processing of the electrical signals generated by microphones 10, 12. For example, only one noise level can be increased or decreased, or the signals can even be output unchanged to the sound transducers 16, 18. Usually, however, a Fourier transformation of the temporal signals obtained by the microphones 10, 12, filtering or other manipulation in the frequency domain. In step 48, a synthesizing and storing of noise patterns from the noise patterns detected by means of the microphones 10, 12 can also take place.
  • step 50 a mixing of the noise patterns detected by the microphones 10, 12 and optionally manipulated in step 48 with stored noise patterns in the time or frequency range can take place.
  • the optionally filtered and manipulated electrical signals are output after retransformation into the time domain to the sound transducer 16, 18, which then cause a binaural and aurally sound generation of sound signals.
  • noises can be examined under real test conditions, for example during a test drive. This is for the subjective assessment of noises whose authenticity is to a considerable extent the sum of all ambient conditions, such as seat vibration, acceleration effects and correlation with the vehicle operation, for. B. domes, accelerator, depends, essential.
  • the noise of a virtual drive train can be simulated in motor vehicles, in particular in prototypes that are subject to interference.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif conçu pour acquérir et reproduire des bruits, en particulier pour analyser des composantes acoustiques dans des véhicules automobiles. Ce dispositif comprend : au moins deux microphones placés à proximité des deux oreilles d'un utilisateur pour acquérir des bruits de manière binaurale et les convertir en signaux électriques ; deux appareils de protection sonore disposés à proximité des deux oreilles pour les protéger contre les bruits acquis ; des moyens de traitement de signaux destinés à traiter en temps réel ou reproduire en temps réel les signaux électriques générés ; ainsi que deux transducteurs acoustiques positionnés à proximité des deux oreilles pour générer en temps réel et de manière binaurale des signaux acoustiques qui correspondent aux signaux reproduits ou traités. Cette invention concerne en outre l'utilisation de ce dispositif par ex. pour développer l'acoustique dans des véhicules automobiles.
EP03758041A 2002-12-11 2003-10-22 Procede et dispositif permettant d'acquerir et de reproduire des bruits, en particulier d'analyser les composantes acoustiques dans des vehicules automobiles, et ecouteurs Withdrawn EP1570244A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2002158095 DE10258095B3 (de) 2002-12-11 2002-12-11 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erfassen und Wiedergeben von Geräuschen und Kopfhörer
DE10258095 2002-12-11
PCT/EP2003/011694 WO2004053435A1 (fr) 2002-12-11 2003-10-22 Procede et dispositif permettant d'acquerir et de reproduire des bruits, en particulier d'analyser les composantes acoustiques dans des vehicules automobiles, et ecouteurs

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1570244A1 true EP1570244A1 (fr) 2005-09-07

Family

ID=30775625

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03758041A Withdrawn EP1570244A1 (fr) 2002-12-11 2003-10-22 Procede et dispositif permettant d'acquerir et de reproduire des bruits, en particulier d'analyser les composantes acoustiques dans des vehicules automobiles, et ecouteurs

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1570244A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10258095B3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004053435A1 (fr)

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DE102005012702B3 (de) * 2005-03-11 2006-09-14 Forschungsinstitut für Kraftfahrwesen und Fahrzeugmotoren Stuttgart (FKFS) Verfahren und System zum Bestimmen des Reifen-Fahrbahngeräusch-Anteils am Gesamtgeräusch in einem Fahrzeuginnenraum
CN104075796A (zh) * 2013-12-17 2014-10-01 国家电网公司 一种高准确性个体噪声测量方法
DE102015015130A1 (de) 2015-11-21 2017-05-24 Audi Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kraftfahrzeugs und Kraftfahrzeug
US9832587B1 (en) 2016-09-08 2017-11-28 Qualcomm Incorporated Assisted near-distance communication using binaural cues
CN109297583B (zh) * 2018-09-14 2020-07-24 北京理工大学 汽车车内双耳异响时变噪声响度评价方法
DE102019112314A1 (de) * 2019-05-10 2020-11-12 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Antriebseinrichtung eines Kraftfahrzeugs, Antriebseinrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug sowie Kraftfahrzeug
CN111780979B (zh) * 2020-07-01 2022-06-24 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司 一种用于发动机的声品质打分方法及声品质打分系统
CN112254805B (zh) * 2020-10-22 2022-08-30 奇瑞新能源汽车股份有限公司 车内声品质测试方法
DE102021213390A1 (de) 2021-11-29 2023-06-01 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Verfahren zur akustischen Evaluierung von Komponenten

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FR2604551B1 (fr) * 1986-09-26 1988-12-30 Saint Louis Inst Dispositif de protection a l'egard du bruit
JP2520470B2 (ja) * 1989-02-28 1996-07-31 日産自動車株式会社 車室内音響特性評価装置
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2004053435A1 (fr) 2004-06-24
DE10258095B3 (de) 2004-02-26

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