EP1540162A1 - Verfahren zur kennfeldbasierten gewinnung von werten für einen steuerparameter einer anlage - Google Patents
Verfahren zur kennfeldbasierten gewinnung von werten für einen steuerparameter einer anlageInfo
- Publication number
- EP1540162A1 EP1540162A1 EP03757661A EP03757661A EP1540162A1 EP 1540162 A1 EP1540162 A1 EP 1540162A1 EP 03757661 A EP03757661 A EP 03757661A EP 03757661 A EP03757661 A EP 03757661A EP 1540162 A1 EP1540162 A1 EP 1540162A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- internal combustion
- control parameter
- operating
- combustion engine
- map
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
- F02D41/2409—Addressing techniques specially adapted therefor
- F02D41/2416—Interpolation techniques
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
- F02D41/2409—Addressing techniques specially adapted therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/3011—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion
- F02D41/3064—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion with special control during transition between modes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
- F02D41/402—Multiple injections
- F02D41/403—Multiple injections with pilot injections
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for map-based extraction of values for at least one control parameter of a system, in particular an internal combustion engine, in which support points for the control parameters are defined in a map depending on operating parameters of the system over an operating parameter range, each of which has a value for the control parameter deliver.
- diesel internal combustion engines in which fuel is injected from a high-pressure accumulator (common rail injection system). There, the amount of fuel injected for one work cycle can be divided into individual injections almost as desired. In this regard, one speaks of pre, main and post injections.
- the associated flexibility in the design of an injection process results in many different operating modes for such internal combustion engines, each of which is determined by the
- the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method for map-based extraction of values for at least one control parameter of a system of the type mentioned at the outset, with which the storage space requirement can be kept as low as possible even in many different operating modes.
- This object is achieved according to the invention by a method for map-based extraction of values for at least one control parameter of a system, in particular an internal combustion engine, in which support points for the control parameters are defined in a map depending on operating parameters of the system over an operating parameter range, each of which has a value for the control parameter, the operating parameter area covered in the characteristic diagram is divided into a first and a second partial area, each of which has several of the support points, and the value for the control parameter is reached when a limit of the first partial area is reached. meter is obtained by extrapolation before the value for the control parameter is obtained by accessing support points of the second partial area.
- the invention therefore takes away from the previous approach of providing a separate map for each operating mode and instead uses partial areas in maps. Since a change from one section to the next, which corresponds to the switchover between individual maps in the prior art, but regularly entails a non-continuous change in the value of the control parameter, it is not easy to switch from one section to the next, since so that there would be a jump. When operating on the border of the sub-area, this would lead to constant jumps, which is incompatible with a uniform control of the systems.
- the inventive extrapolation beyond the partial area achieves a hysteresis which, despite the non-continuous transition of the control parameter values to the partial area, nevertheless results in a continuous, uniform and trouble-free operation of the system, even if operating points at the borders of partial areas are present for a long time.
- Values for the control parameter within the partial areas are obtained in the usual way, i. H. by evaluating the support points and, if necessary, suitable interpolation.
- the invention therefore carries out a customary interpolation between support points within a partial area, and an extrapolation based on that support point at support points at partial area boundaries, ie, at support points that adjoin other partial areas.
- the extrapolation cleanly separates the transitions between the sub-areas and at the same time optimally utilizes a memory in which the map is kept.
- the hysteresis provided for the transition between two partial areas is already achieved by extrapolating from one partial area.
- a particularly large hysteresis that leads to stable operating behavior of the system is achieved by first extrapolating even after a change of sub-area. It is therefore preferable that when a certain distance from the last support point of the first sub-area is reached, the value is obtained by extrapolation from support points of the second sub-area.
- the number of sections is freely selectable; the specialist will choose them according to the operating behavior of the system. It is particularly preferred, in particular for internal combustion engines, that a (discrete) operating mode of the system is assigned to each sub-area. A clear assignment between subarea and operating mode then enables a single map to be sufficient for all operating modes of the system.
- the method according to the invention is particularly advantageous in the type of internal combustion engine mentioned at the outset, in which fuel is injected directly into combustion chambers and the discrete operating modes differ in the number of injections per work cycle.
- the aforementioned diesel internal combustion engines with direct injection from high-pressure accumulators are an example of such internal combustion engines.
- the mass of fuel that is introduced into the combustion chambers with the main injection is an essential parameter for controlling the operation of the internal combustion engine.
- Another injection parameter is the time of injection.
- the characteristic diagram contains values of injection parameters depending on the speed and load of the internal combustion engine, wherein the injection parameters can include injection quantity and / or injection angle.
- the aforementioned 1: 1 assignment between subareas of the characteristic diagram and operating modes of the internal combustion engine has the advantage that an application, ie an adaptation of a control structure to an internal combustion engine model, is particularly simple. It is then possible to control the internal combustion engine in such a way that when the specified operating state mentioned is reached, ie when a limit of a partial area is reached, the operating mode lake is changed at the same time. In order to obtain the values for the at least one control parameter, the partial area of the map that is assigned to the respective operating mode is then always accessed.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a diesel internal combustion engine with high-pressure accumulator injection
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of a characteristic diagram for the operation of the internal combustion engine of FIG. 1,
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart for obtaining control parameter values in the internal combustion engine of FIG. 1,
- FIG. 8 shows an exemplary run through the map of FIG. 6 in an operating phase with constant speed and
- FIG. 9 shows the values for a control parameter obtained when running through FIG. 8.
- an internal combustion engine 1 is shown schematically, which has an injection system 2, which injects the fuel directly into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine 1 via lines and injectors (not specified).
- the injection system 2 has a high-pressure accumulator which feeds injectors leading into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine 1.
- These injectors of the injection system 2 can be controlled independently of the rotational position of a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine 1, so that a freely controllable injection process is possible from the high-pressure accumulators.
- the internal combustion engine 1 and the injection system 2 are controlled by a control unit 3, which is connected to these units via lines, which are not specified.
- the control unit 3 has a map 4 and a control core 5, which control the operation of the internal combustion engine.
- map 4 which will be discussed in more detail later, values for the injection duration are stored as a function of the speed and load of the internal combustion engine, the map having several support points, each of which has a value for the injection quantity for a specific combination of load / Deliver speed.
- control unit 3 also has further maps and control elements, which are, however, of no further relevance for the following description of map-based extraction of values for a control parameter.
- the control unit 3 controls the injection system with regard to the duration for which the injectors are active. As already mentioned, different injection profiles can be set for one work cycle.
- the control unit 3 of the Engine 1 can, for example, implement the injection profiles shown in FIGS. 2 to 5.
- a fuel mass rate MF over time t is shown in each case in an injection course 6 in FIGS. 2 to 5.
- FIG. 2 shows a first operating mode M1, in which the injectors only emit one main injection 7.
- a fuel mass 8 of the main injection 7 results from the integration of the fuel mass rate MF over the time duration t of the main injection 7.
- mode M2 shows a further mode M2, which differs from mode M1 in that the main injection 7 is preceded by a pre-injection 9.
- the fuel mass 8 is emitted by the pre-injector 9.
- Such pre-injectors are usually used to make combustion "soft" and to reduce the running noise of an internal combustion engine.
- mode M3 A further noise reduction results in a mode M3, which is shown in FIG. 4.
- the pre-injector 9 is preceded by an additional pre-injector 11, which injects a fuel mass 12 into the combustion chamber. Otherwise mode M3 corresponds to mode M2.
- FIG. 5 The great flexibility that the injection system fed from a pressure accumulator enables is shown in FIG. 5, in which another mode M4 is shown.
- this mode in addition to the main injection 7, which brings the fuel mass 8 into the combustion chamber, and the pre-injector 9, which contains the fuel mass 10, a post-injector 13 with a fuel mass 14 is still delivered after the main injection 7.
- a post-injector 13 with a fuel mass 14 is still delivered after the main injection 7.
- Such a post-injection results in an increase in torque at low speeds.
- only one of the modes M1 to M4 can be carried out during operation of the internal combustion engine 1.
- the control unit 3 therefore effects a suitable mode switchover, which is initiated by the control core 5 using the characteristic diagram 4 and ensures that the internal combustion engine 1 always runs in the most favorable of the operating modes Ml to M4.
- the control core 5 accesses the map 4, which is shown schematically in FIG. 6, for the selection or determination of the fuel mass 8 of the main injection 7.
- Fig. 6 shows the basis of the map 4, which is spanned over the speed N and the torque TQI.
- Support points are located in the hatched areas of the characteristic diagram 4, each providing a value for the fuel mass 8.
- the support points would be vectors running perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, the length of which indicates the fuel mass 8.
- the support points (not shown in FIG. 6) are distributed over the hatched areas of the characteristic diagram 4, the distribution usually being equidistant, but this need not be. It is thus possible to provide a higher support point density for certain operating ranges, in particular at low speeds.
- the map 4 has four sub-areas T1 to T4, which are assigned to the respective operating modes M1 to M4.
- the schematic representation of FIG. 6 distinguishes the partial areas by the hatching.
- the partial areas adjoin one another in transition areas 15 to 18, the transition area 15 dividing the partial areas T2 and T3 (corresponding to the modes M2 and M3), the transition area 16 dividing the partial areas T2 and T4 (corresponding to the modes M2 and M4), the transition area 17 the partial areas T3 and T4 (corresponding to the modes M3 and M4) and the transition area 18 separate the partial areas T1 and T2 (corresponding to the modes M1 and M2).
- Ü- Transition areas 15 to 18, which are symbolized in FIG. 6 by thicker black lines, are no support points.
- the transition regions 15 to 18 are used to carry out a hysteresis, as shown in FIG. 7 as a flow chart.
- the internal combustion engine is started in a step SO with a defined partial area and a defined mode, for example partial area T3 and mode M3.
- the values for the fuel mass 8 are then obtained within this subrange by an interpolation between the support points; this is done in step SI. Interpolation is of course also understood to mean that in the event that the speed N and torque TQI are exactly at one support point, exactly the value supplied by the support point for the fuel mass 8 is used.
- the internal combustion engine is operated in operating mode M3, i. H. there are two
- Pre-injectors 9 and 11 and the main injection 7 last so long that the fuel mass delivered by the partial area T3 of the map 4 is emitted by the fuel mass 8.
- a query is made in a step S2 as to whether the operating point is in a transition range.
- This query can be carried out by checking whether there is another support point within the partial range for the active mode beyond the current operating point, ie in the direction in which the dynamics of the operation of the internal combustion engine indicate a development of speed N and torque TQI , If this is not the case, there is operation in the transition area. In the event that there is no transition area (N-branching), a jump back is made before step SI. If, on the other hand, there is a transition area (J-branching), proceed to step S3, in which extrapolation is now carried out using the support points of the partial area T3 in order to obtain the value for the fuel mass 8 of the main injection 7.
- a step S4 queries whether a hysteresis distance H is above a threshold value SW. It is checked whether the distance from the last support point of the active partial area, which applies to the current mode, is above the threshold value SW, i. H. it is checked whether there is (still) operation in the transition area. If this is not the case (N-branching), a jump back is made before step S2.
- step S5 has the hysteresis distance H exceeded the threshold value SW, i. H. If a certain minimum distance from the nearest support point of the active sub-area has been reached, then (J-branching) proceed to step S5, which causes a change in the operating mode. A switch is made to the mode which has the closest support point in relation to speed N and torque TQI.
- step SI follows again, i. H. in the current section of the
- Map 4 again determines the fuel mass 8 by interpolation. If interpolation is not possible, an extrapolation can also be carried out analogously to step S3.
- the choice of the threshold value SW for the hysteresis distance H ensures that support position of the current partial area are closer than the partial area that has just been left.
- 8 and 9 show the sequence described with reference to FIG. 7 again in detail.
- 8 shows a section of the characteristic diagram 4 of FIG. 6 and shows the run through two operating mode changes at a constant speed.
- the curve of FIG. 9 shows the associated fuel mass 8 as a function of the torque TQI.
- FIG. 8 shows operating points B1 to B9, to which corresponding data points D1, D2, E3a, E3b, D4, D5, D6, E7a, E7b, D8 and D9 are assigned in FIG.
- the data points denoted by D are values which were obtained by interpolation from the characteristic diagram 4 or a partial area of the characteristic diagram 4, and the data points denoted by E are values obtained by extrapolations.
- the internal combustion engine 1 is first operated at an operating point B1.
- the following operating point change assumes constant speed.
- the internal combustion engines reach the operating point B2, which, like the operating point B1, is processed in the M3 mode, in which the sub-area T3 is accessed.
- the data point D2 is obtained from the partial area T3 of the characteristic diagram 4 by interpolation.
- step S2 Due to a further increase in torque, the internal combustion engine arrives at the operating point B3, which is now in the transition region 15.
- the query in step S2 now leads (for the first time) to the J branch.
- the fuel mass 8 is now obtained by extrapolation, so that there is an extrapolated data point E3a in FIG. 9.
- the further development of the torque TQI shows that the hysteresis The distance H exceeds the threshold value SW, which is why a mode change 19 is carried out and the internal combustion engine subsequently runs in operating mode M2.
- the additional pre-injector 11 is therefore no longer delivered.
- the value for the fuel mass 8 is obtained by extrapolation using the values of the sub-area T2 of the characteristic diagram, so that an extrapolated data point E3b now supplies the value for the fuel mass 8 in the operating mode M2.
- the torque continues to rise and brings the internal combustion engine to the operating point B4, for which a read data point D4, possibly by interpolation, indicates the value for the fuel mass 8 of the main injection 7.
- transition region 15 i. H. the next value for the fuel mass 8 is obtained by extrapolation to a data point E7a, the support points of the partial area T2, which are assigned to the operating mode M2, being used for the extrapolation.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10243146A DE10243146B3 (de) | 2002-09-17 | 2002-09-17 | Verfahren zur kennfeldbasierten Gewinnung von Werten für einen Steuerparameter einer Anlage |
| DE10243146 | 2002-09-17 | ||
| PCT/DE2003/002982 WO2004027240A1 (de) | 2002-09-17 | 2003-09-12 | Verfahren zur kennfeldbasierten gewinnung von werten für einen steuerparameter einer anlage |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1540162A1 true EP1540162A1 (de) | 2005-06-15 |
Family
ID=32009836
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03757661A Withdrawn EP1540162A1 (de) | 2002-09-17 | 2003-09-12 | Verfahren zur kennfeldbasierten gewinnung von werten für einen steuerparameter einer anlage |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7630827B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1540162A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2005539174A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE10243146B3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2004027240A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4490844B2 (ja) * | 2005-02-09 | 2010-06-30 | ヤンマー株式会社 | エンジン制御装置 |
| DE602005004614T2 (de) * | 2005-10-05 | 2009-01-29 | Delphi Technologies, Inc., Troy | Steuerung und Steuerungsverfahren zum Umschalten zwischen verschiedenen Motorbetriebsarten |
| JP4895951B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-12 | 2012-03-14 | 日野自動車株式会社 | ディーゼルエンジンの制御装置 |
| DE102008001081B4 (de) * | 2008-04-09 | 2021-11-04 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Motorsteuergerät zum Steuern eines Verbrennungsmotors |
| JP4998374B2 (ja) * | 2008-05-30 | 2012-08-15 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車両の制御装置 |
| JP5131059B2 (ja) * | 2008-07-03 | 2013-01-30 | マツダ株式会社 | エンジンの燃料噴射制御方法 |
| JP2020172902A (ja) * | 2019-04-11 | 2020-10-22 | マツダ株式会社 | 内燃機関の制御装置および制御方法 |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3022427A1 (de) * | 1980-06-14 | 1982-01-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Steuervorrichtung fuer die kraftstoff-luft-gemischaufbereitung in brennkraftmaschinen |
| JPS58150040A (ja) * | 1982-03-03 | 1983-09-06 | Toyota Motor Corp | 過給機付き電子制御燃料噴射機関の基本燃料噴射量の算出方法 |
| DE3623538A1 (de) * | 1986-07-12 | 1988-01-21 | Porsche Ag | Verfahren zum steuern von wenigstens zwei systemen eines physikalischen prozesses |
| JP3222654B2 (ja) | 1993-08-31 | 2001-10-29 | マツダ株式会社 | エンジンの燃焼制御装置 |
| DE4332171C2 (de) * | 1993-09-22 | 2002-09-19 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Viertaktbrennkraftmaschine mit Fremdzündung und Direkteinspritzung und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
| DE4434455A1 (de) * | 1994-09-27 | 1996-03-28 | En Umwelt Beratung E V I | Verfahren zur Bestimmung spezifischer Betriebskennwerte einer Maschine insbesondere spezifischer Verbrauchskennwerte einer Brennkraftmaschine mittels meßwertgestützter, induktiv selbstlernender Berechnung während des Fahrbetriebs |
| JPH10227239A (ja) | 1997-02-13 | 1998-08-25 | Mazda Motor Corp | エンジンの制御装置 |
| US6944532B2 (en) * | 1998-06-18 | 2005-09-13 | Cummins, Inc. | System for controlling an internal combustion engine in a fuel efficient manner |
| US6436005B1 (en) * | 1998-06-18 | 2002-08-20 | Cummins, Inc. | System for controlling drivetrain components to achieve fuel efficiency goals |
| DE19963213A1 (de) * | 1999-12-28 | 2001-07-12 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren zur Steuerung/Regelung eines Prozesses in einem Kraftfahrzeug und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
| DE10043694A1 (de) * | 2000-09-04 | 2002-03-14 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren zur adaptiven Klopfregelung einer Benzindirekteinspritzenden Brennkraftmaschine und entsprechende Vorrichtung |
| GB0206259D0 (en) | 2002-03-16 | 2002-05-01 | Delphi Tech Inc | Control method for injection using function map |
| DE10251038A1 (de) * | 2002-11-02 | 2004-05-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fahrzeugführungssystem |
-
2002
- 2002-09-17 DE DE10243146A patent/DE10243146B3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-09-12 EP EP03757661A patent/EP1540162A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-09-12 JP JP2004536845A patent/JP2005539174A/ja active Pending
- 2003-09-12 US US10/528,466 patent/US7630827B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-09-12 WO PCT/DE2003/002982 patent/WO2004027240A1/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2004027240A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20050288845A1 (en) | 2005-12-29 |
| JP2005539174A (ja) | 2005-12-22 |
| US7630827B2 (en) | 2009-12-08 |
| DE10243146B3 (de) | 2004-07-01 |
| WO2004027240A1 (de) | 2004-04-01 |
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