EP1536068A2 - Compactor, connectable to an excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

The compactor (1) has an upper part (2) coupling to an excavator arm (17), and a lower part (3) with imbalance generator (5) with damping devices (4) set inbetween. The upper part has a buffer unit (13) mounted outside of a rotational device (15) to eliminate vibrations. The upper part has a coupling section (11) and centre section (12) with the rubber-metal buffer inbetween.

Description

The invention relates to a compactor device attached to an excavator can be coupled, an upper part for coupling to an excavator and a lower part with an unbalance generator, between which a or more damping devices are arranged, wherein in Upper part at least one buffer device for vibration decoupling and a rotating device are provided.

For the compaction of soils in earthworks, civil engineering and road construction are except self-propelled, hand-held compactors compressor devices become known, which are coupled to excavators can. The advantage of this compaction technique is that in addition to the dynamic compression with the pressure of the excavator arm a static Load is additionally applied. This increases the depth effect up to three times the conventional compaction technology.

Compressor devices use for dynamic compression an unbalance generator that drives a compactor plate. The imbalance generator is usually powered by a hydraulic motor driven. Known compressor devices have a lower part and an upper part, between which damping devices, such as Example rubber-metal buffer, are arranged. The rubber-metal buffers are necessary to those generated by the unbalance generator To use energy for compaction. However, they also serve In addition, the vibrations up to the excavator or the excavator to reduce. This usually does not succeed completely, so at a coupled compressor device via the excavator Vibrations are transmitted to the excavator, which adversely affects affect the life of bearings, bolts and the like.

Compressor devices are in the prior art centered on the Dredger arm coupled. At a point compression can be a Such device can be controlled without problems. Will the However, compressor device pulled or pushed, this creates the Problem that the compressor device can not be guided.

Coupled compressor devices are usually on the Hydraulics of the excavator driven. Excavator for use with Compressor devices come into question have only certain Options for adjusting the hydraulic quantity. In general it is the set amount of hydraulic much higher than actually for the Drive the imbalance required. As a result, that is disproportionate large hydraulic motors with a high displacement be used. However, the excavator must be different when compacting Fulfill functions at the same time. In particular, the compressor device must be driven, the superstructure must be pivoted The excavator handle and excavator arm are and must be moved become. Due to these additional activities, the amount of hydraulic varies for driving the compressor device. These fluctuations cause fluctuations in unbalance speed, which adversely affect can affect the compaction. Furthermore, there is the problem that Compressor devices often to different excavators with different Hydraulic services are coupled. This will cause the unbalance speed also exposed to strong fluctuations.

The drive of compressor devices is usually about the so called "hammer line" of the excavator. In the hammer line is a Form pressure of approx. 150 to 250 l / min with a working pressure of approx. 150 generated up to 250 bar. The return line of this hammer line is fed directly to the hydraulic tank, which has a back pressure of max. 15 generated bar. For this reason are used for driving the imbalance Standard gear pumps used. These may be due to their design only withstand a certain back pressure. Often the Hammer line, however, combined with a shear line. In functional mode "Scissors" can mutually define the hydraulic direction become. Application examples are all attachments for an excavator, which work in two directions, eg. Hydraulic grippers, rock cutters, Scrap shears and blade separators. The disadvantage of the functional mode "Scissors" is that the return line is not the Hydraulic tank is supplied, but hydraulic fluid through a Spool of the hydraulic block of the excavator supplied to the hydraulic tank becomes. This increases the back pressure to up to 50 bar. Therefore, the excavator when changing from an attachment in the Function mode "scissors" is operated, to a compressor device always be switched to the position "hammer", otherwise the Hydraulic motor can be damaged. Compressor devices for Excavators have certain basic dimensions and basic shapes. There at Compaction works the trench width or the area to be compacted and the type of soil change often, often have different compressor devices be kept in different sizes.

During compaction work in sewer construction, the compaction of the Sewer pipes or the like very carefully and gently compacted become. Coupled compressor devices on an excavator are subjected to a static load of the excavator. These static load has a negative effect on the sewer pipes. One dosage From the excavator, however, control technology is not possible. In the However, compression above the sewer pipes is the static load desired, because a high depth effect is achieved.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a compressor device for an excavator in such a way that the above mentioned disadvantages are avoided.

This object is achieved by a compressor device solved with the features of claim 1. Thus, a warehouse gentle additional buffering, in addition to the damping devices, which is arranged between the upper part and the lower part are or upper part and lower part connect with each other.

In a particularly preferred embodiment can be provided be that the upper part has a Ankuppelabschnitt and a middle section between which the at least one buffer device, in particular, several rubber-metal buffers, is arranged. Through this Measure takes place a further decoupling, so that in the lower part vibrations generated are damped and a forwarding to Excavator or the excavator is largely excluded. Especially can be provided that the mechanical coupling of the central portion to the Ankuppelabschnitt by the buffer means he follows.

In an advantageous embodiment, a coupling device be provided, which is arranged off-center. By this measure creates a caster, similar to a shopping cart. The Compressor device can be better coordinated and guided. One Another advantage is the longer reach when compacting. Farther the compressor device can be under overpressing during compression Obstacles are introduced. This is especially true of exposed ones Cables in sewer construction advantageous.

In an advantageous embodiment it can be provided that the Coupling comprises a rotating device. The turning device can be mechanical, in particular rotatable by 180 °, or hydraulically be formed rotatable. In a hydraulically rotatable trained Rotary device can be made an endless rotation. Especially by a combination of a turning device with an off-center Arrangement of the coupling device, the compressor device be guided by the excavator to almost any point.

In an advantageous embodiment, the coupling device is at least in a section, in particular axially, variable in length educated. In a further development it can be provided that the coupling device is telescopic. In a particularly preferred Embodiment, the coupling device further comprises an elastic Pressure element, in particular a compression spring, preferably between two telescope sections acts. In such a Forming the coupling device, the compressor device both used for static as well as for dynamic compaction become. In a floating position, d. H. with extended variable-length Ankuppeleinrichtung or relaxed compression spring can a dynamic compression take place. An additional static pressure is not exerted by the excavator on the compressor device. However, when the excavator arm is moved down, so does the elastic Compressed pressure element, and the Ankuppeleinrichtung is shortened. In such a pressing position is a static Compression. In an intermediate position, a combination of static and dynamic compression. The application area the compressor device is enlarged in this way. In addition, such a design of Ankuppeleinrichtung offers the Possibility to perform compaction work in sewer construction in which a static compression of the sewer pipes may not take place, the Densification above the sewer pipes but with a static load should be done. Both compression processes can with the at the Excavator connected to the compressor device.

A particularly fast connection of the compressor device to a Excavator can be done when the coupling device a hitch system includes, with which a mechanical and hydraulic Connection made with the excavator arm when coupling simultaneously becomes. This measure has the advantage that hydraulic connections do not have to be coupled separately.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the Unbalance generator an axial piston motor or a reinforced gear motor with leak oil connection. Preferably, the axial piston motor or the gear motor has a low absorption volume. If instead a standard gear hydraulic motor, an axial piston motor or a reinforced gear motor is used with drain connection is the Compressor device up to a back pressure of about 250 bar used. This means that the excavator when coupling a Compressor device no longer from the functional mode "scissors" on the function mode "Hammer" must be changed. The compressor device can be used in both modes.

Advantageously, the control of the axial piston or the reinforced gear motor with leak oil supply amount supplied used on hydraulic fluid a flow control valve. For the drive The imbalance will usually depend on the size of the compactor plate maximum approx. 70 - 150 l / min required. The superfluous hydraulic fluid can be controlled by the flow control valve in front of the engine be derived. Power fluctuations are compensated by and it becomes a constant speed of the axial piston motor reached.

It is particularly advantageous if the flow control valve is adjustable. By this measure, the speed can be adjusted for the imbalance become. The physical properties of the soils to be compacted are very different. The speed of the unbalance therefore has one significant impact on the compaction property. With a flow control valve The speed can be easily adjusted. Furthermore The same compressor device can easily adapt to different Excavators are coupled and operated at the same speed become.

It is particularly advantageous if the lower part of the compressor device having an exchangeable compressor plate. Especially may be provided a change system, the change of Simplified compressor plates. With such a system can be different Plate sizes on the compactor device easy be attached. For narrow trenches can narrow plates and For wide trenches wide plates can be mounted. Furthermore Different compressor plates can be used. For example can use plates with a smooth surface through plates to be replaced by a "Schaffuß". Schaffußplatten have in cross section trapezoidal blocks on which for the compression of for example loamy soils are beneficial. This means that at one Construction site no longer different compressor devices, but only still different compressor plates must be kept.

Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, with reference to the figures of the drawing, the essential to the invention details show, and from the claims. The individual characteristics can each individually for themselves or to several in any combination be realized in a variant of the invention. In particular, be in a compressor device with an additional buffer device, a compressor device arranged with an off-center Coupling device and a compressor device with an axial piston motor or a reinforced gear motor with leakage oil connection seen independent inventions.

Embodiments are shown in the schematic drawing and will be explained in the following description.

Fig. 1a

eine Schnittdarstellung durch eine Verdichtervorrichtung gemäß der Linie I-I der Fig. 2a;

Fig. 1b

eine Schnittdarstellung durch ein alternatives Ausführungsbeispiel einer Verdichtervorrichtung;

Fig. 2a

eine Seitenansicht der Verdichtereinrichtung gemäß Fig. 1;

Fig. 2b

eine alternative Ausführungsform einer Verdichterplatte; und

Fig. 3

eine Seitenansicht einer Verdichtereinrichtung mit längenveränderlicher Ankuppeleinrichtung.

Show it:

Fig. 1a

a sectional view through a compressor device according to the line II of Fig. 2a;

Fig. 1b

a sectional view through an alternative embodiment of a compressor device;

Fig. 2a

a side view of the compressor device of FIG. 1;

Fig. 2b

an alternative embodiment of a compressor plate; and

Fig. 3

a side view of a compressor device with variable-length coupling device.

FIGS. 1a and 1b each show a compressor device 1, 30 in FIG Section, wherein like elements with the same reference numerals are provided. The compressor device 1, 30 comprises a top part 2 and a lower part 3, wherein between the upper part 2 and the lower part of the third designed as a rubber-metal buffer damping devices 4 is provided are. In the lower part 3 an unbalance generator 5 is arranged, which sits on a plate 6, at the about a change system 7 a replaceable compactor plate 8 is attached. By the imbalance generator 5, the compactor plate 8 is placed in shaking motions. The unbalance generator 5 comprises an axial piston motor 9 or a gear motor, via an adjustable flow control valve 10th controlled hydraulic fluid is supplied. The upper part 2 of the compressor device 1 is in a Ankuppelabschnitt 11 and a central portion 12 divided. The Ankuppelabschnitt 11 and the middle section 12 are via buffer means 13 serving as rubber-metal buffers are formed, coupled. Produced by the unbalance generator 5 Vibrations are not or only by this measure slightly transferred to the Ankuppelabschnitt 11. The coupling section 11 comprises a coupling system 14, with which a mechanical and hydraulic connection with an excavator arm at the same time can be produced. The Ankuppelabschnitt 11 further has a Rotary device 15, so that the compressor plate 8 relative to the Coupling system 14 can be rotated. In Ankuppelabschnitt 11 is a suspension 31 is provided following the rotary device 15, via the buffer means 13 with one or more Connecting parts 32 is connected. The connecting parts 32 indicate its upper end, the buffer means 13 and at its lower end the damping devices 4. Through this two-stage vibration decoupling the excavator is protected against vibrations. The Buffering devices 13 are arranged outside of the rotary device 15.

FIG. 2 a shows a side view of the compressor device 1. In Fig. 2a, an excavator 17 is shown, with the Coupling system 14 is connected. Fig. 1 is a sectional view along the line I-I of Fig. 2a. The section line I-I also represents the Center line through the compressor device 1. The coupling device, comprising the coupling system 14, the rotator 15 and the buffer means 13, is arranged off-center. This means, that the compressor device 1 with its left in the drawing Half under overhanging obstacles can be pushed and can also compress under it. The compressor plate 8 is shown in FIG. 2a formed with a smooth bottom.

In Fig. 2b, an alternative compressor plate 18 is shown, the its bottom in cross-section trapezoidal projections 19 has and therefore particularly suitable for compacting loamy soils. The compressor plate 18 shown in Fig. 2b can against the compressor plate 8 of Fig. 2a replaced due to the change system become.

In Fig. 3 is an alternative embodiment of a compressor device 20 shown. In this embodiment is an excavator 17 also via the coupling system 14 with the compressor device 20 connected. However, the coupling device 21 has a first telescopic section 22 and a second telescopic section 23 on, which are telescopic to each other. Thus, the coupling device variable in length. Between the telescope sections 22, 23 is an elastic pressure device 24, referred to as Compression spring is formed, provided. The compression spring strives to Telescope parts 22, 23 apart. Will the compressor device 20 by the excavator 17 not or only slightly with a force applied from above, so acts on the compressor device 20 essentially to be compacted by its own weight Soil with a compaction force. This results in a dynamic Compression. Is the pressure element 24 completely compressed, In addition, a static force is applied to the compressor device 20 exercised, resulting in a static compaction.

Claims (13)

Compressor device (1, 20) which can be coupled to an excavator, an upper part (2) for coupling to an excavator arm (17) and a lower part (3) with an unbalance generator (5), between which one or more damping devices (4) are arranged, wherein in the upper part (2) at least one buffer means (13) for vibration decoupling and a rotating device (15) are provided, characterized in that the buffer means (13) is arranged outside of the rotary device (15). Compressor device according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper part (2) has a Ankuppelabschnitt (11) and a central portion (12), between which the at least one buffer means (13), in particular a plurality of rubber-metal buffers, is arranged. Compressor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a coupling device (21) is provided, which is arranged off-center. Compressor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling device (21) comprises a rotating device (15). Compressor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling device (21) is formed variable in length at least in one section. Compressor device according to claim 5, characterized in that the coupling device (21) is telescopic (telescopic sections 22, 23). Compressor device according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the coupling device (21) has an elastic pressure element (24), in particular a compression spring. Compressor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling device (21) comprises a coupling system (14) with which a mechanical and hydraulic connection with the excavator arm (17) is produced simultaneously during coupling. Compressor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the unbalance generator (5) comprises an axial piston motor (9) or a gear motor with leakage oil connection. Compressor device according to claim 9, characterized in that the axial piston motor or the gear motor has a low absorption volume, in particular ≤ 70 cc / rev, preferably ≤ 50 cc / rev. Compressor device according to one of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that for controlling the axial piston motor (9) or the gear motor with leak oil supply supplied amount of hydraulic fluid, a flow control valve (10) is provided. Compressor device according to claim 11, characterized in that the flow control valve (10) is adjustable. Compressor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower part (3) has an exchangeable compressor plate (8, 18).

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