EP2242590B1 - Unbalance exciter with one or more rotatable unbalances - Google Patents
Unbalance exciter with one or more rotatable unbalances Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2242590B1 EP2242590B1 EP08783460.2A EP08783460A EP2242590B1 EP 2242590 B1 EP2242590 B1 EP 2242590B1 EP 08783460 A EP08783460 A EP 08783460A EP 2242590 B1 EP2242590 B1 EP 2242590B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tool
- working surface
- frequency
- force
- machine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/10—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy
- B06B1/16—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy operating with systems involving rotary unbalanced masses
- B06B1/161—Adjustable systems, i.e. where amplitude or direction of frequency of vibration can be varied
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/10—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy
- B06B1/16—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy operating with systems involving rotary unbalanced masses
- B06B1/167—Orbital vibrators having masses being driven by planetary gearings, rotating cranks or the like
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating a machine with an unbalance exciter with one or more rotatable imbalances and a machine for carrying out the method according to the preambles of the independent claims.
- Unbalance exciters with rotatable imbalances are used to generate time-varying excitation forces and are used in many areas of technology, for example in vibration conveyors, in vibrating screens, in compactors such as vibratory plates and vibratory rollers, in vibratory rams and in vibration-excited drilling and milling machines.
- the currently known monofrequent unbalance exciters, in which all imbalances rotate at the same speed, can basically be classified according to the excitation principle in the circular oscillator and the directional oscillator.
- Monofrequency circular oscillators produce an exciter force which is temporally variable only with regard to their direction.
- Monofrequency directional oscillators generate an exciter force, the amount of which changes with time along with its effective direction, such that seen over a full rotation of the imbalance masses two excitation force maxima are formed with opposite directions of action. While the circular oscillator manages with a rotating imbalance mass, the directional oscillator system requires at least two counter-rotating unbalanced masses. Since such unbalance exciters generate in each case in opposite directions of action the magnitude equal excitation force components that is with them when used in compactors and rams depending on whether work must be carried out in on-load operation or operation with temporary lifting of the tool from the work surface is permitted or desired.
- Another object is to provide a machine for carrying out the method, which can be used to ensure that the machine is always operated in a good range or in the optimum range, i. always a relatively large or the maximum possible force can be transferred from the tool to the work surface.
- a first aspect of the invention relates to a method for operating a machine comprising an unbalance exciter with one or more rotatable imbalance masses for generating a multi-frequency time-varying excitation force.
- an unbalance exciter For a single imbalance mass, it performs several superimposed rotations, e.g. can be rotationally rectified or rotationally opposite.
- these preferably each perform a single rotation, wherein it is provided that identical and / or opposite directions of rotation are used.
- the excitation force is generated by the superposition of a basic exciter force, which is time-variable with a fundamental frequency, with one or more additional excitation forces which are time-variable with additional frequencies greater than the fundamental frequency.
- the unbalance exciter is designed such that the phase position between the time-varying basic excitation force and at least one of the time-varying auxiliary excitation forces is adjustable, preferably continuously.
- the machine comprises a tool coupled to the unbalance exciter for the purpose of vibrational excitation for acting on a work surface.
- the machine is operated in such a way that the tool, which is excited to vibrate with the unbalance exciter, acts as intended on a working surface, that is, performs a work as intended.
- the vibration response of the tool to the vibration excitation of the unbalance exciter and / or the course of the working surface reaction force is determined and compared this or with a desired target vibration response or a desired target working surface reaction force profile. How the vibration response or the working surface reaction force profile can be determined by measurement is known to the person skilled in the art and therefore need not be explained in more detail here.
- the phase position between the time-varying basic excitation force and at least one of the time-varying additional excitation forces for changing the total excitation force and thus the vibration excitation is set such that a vibration response of the tool or a progression of the working surface reaction force results, which or which an improved and preferably the greatest possible match has the desired vibration response and the desired working surface reaction force curve.
- the phase position between the time-variable basic exciter force and at least one of the time-varying additional excitation forces is set or changed during operation of the machine, which enables interruption-free operation and preferably as automatic control intervention with a renewed one Comparison of the resulting vibration response or the resulting course of the working surface reaction force with the desired vibration response or the target working surface reaction force course takes place.
- the phase position is adjusted such that a vibration response of the tool or a work surface reaction force curve results, at which or which the quotient of the maximum amplitude of the vibration response of the tool in the tool working direction and the maximum amplitude of the vibration response of the tool in the direction opposite to the tool working direction or the quotient of the maximum force of the work surface reaction force curve in the tool working direction and the maximum force of the work surface reaction force curve in the direction opposite to the tool working direction for given frequencies and amplitudes of the basic and additional exciter forces.
- the phase position, the frequency and / or the amplitude of the basic exciter force and / or one or more of the additional excitation forces are preferably adjusted independently of one another such that a vibration response of the tool or a progression of the working surface reaction force results in which the maximum amplitude of the vibration response of the tool in a direction opposite to the pressing direction of the tool against the working surface or the maximum force of the working surface reaction force course in a direction opposite to the pressing direction of the tool on the working surface does not exceed a certain maximum value, for preventing a temporary loss of contact between the tool and the work surface when intended operation.
- This is, as already mentioned, particularly important in vibratory rollers for the compaction of asphalt, since these must be operated in on-load operation in order to reliably prevent a temporary lifting of the roller from the asphalt surface to be compacted.
- the resonant frequency of the machine-tool-work surface system during normal operation is determined in particular continuously and set the fundamental frequency in particular continuously to a frequency slightly above the determined resonant frequency, preferably to a frequency typically in the range between 105% and 130%, preferably between 110% and 120% of the determined resonant frequency.
- the determination of the vibration response and / or the working surface reaction force curve and optionally the resonance frequency, the comparison with a desired target vibration response and / or a desired working surface reaction force curve and the adjustment of the phase position and optionally the Frequency and / or amplitude carried out automatically by means of a machine control, preferably continuously during operation of the machine. This can be ensured at any time operation with optimal operating parameters.
- a second aspect of the invention relates to a machine comprising an unbalance exciter with one or more rotatable imbalance masses for generating a multi-frequency time-varying excitation force.
- this performs several superimposed rotations which, for example, are rotationally rectified or rotationally opposite.
- these preferably each perform a single rotation, wherein it is provided that identical and / or opposite directions of rotation are used.
- the excitation force is generated by the superposition of a basic exciter force, which is time-variable with a fundamental frequency, with one or more additional excitation forces which are time-variable with additional frequencies greater than the fundamental frequency.
- the unbalance exciter is designed such that the phase position between the time-varying basic exciter force and at least one of the time-varying additional excitation forces during operation is adjustable, preferably continuously.
- the machine comprises a tool coupled to the unbalance exciter for the purpose of vibrational excitation for acting on a work surface.
- the machine comprises means for determining the vibration response of the tool to the vibration excitation of the unbalance exciter during normal operation of the machine and / or means for determining the course of the working surface reaction force during normal operation of the machine, which consists of a superposition of the from the vibration response of the tool and the oscillating mass of which results in the resulting movement force course of the tool with the exciter force profile of the exciter (s) and the static weight force of the machine
- the means for determining the vibration response of the tool typically comprise acceleration sensors and a computer-aided processing unit which evaluates the signals supplied by the sensors. This makes it possible, the effects of a change in the phase angle between the basic excitation force and the at least one additional excitation force, which leads to a change in the resulting total exciter force leads to objectively assessing the vibration response of the tool, ie its course of motion, and thus to specifically influence this important operating parameter by deliberately adjusting the phase position.
- the working surface reaction force is also referred to as the soil reaction force.
- the means for determining the progression of the work surface reaction force typically comprise acceleration sensors, positional sensors for rotating imbalances and a computer-aided processing unit which evaluates the signals supplied by the sensors. This makes it possible to objectively assess the effects of a change in the phase position between the basic excitation force and the at least one additional excitation force, which leads to a change in the resulting total excitation force on the force exerted by the tool on the work surface and thus optimize this force and thus the Performing work of the machine by targeted adjustment of the phase position.
- the machine additionally comprises a machine controller, by means of which the phase position between the basic excitation force and the at least one additional excitation force is automatically and preferably continuously adjustable during operation such that a vibration response of the tool or a progression of the working surface reaction force results, in which or which the quotient of the maximum amplitude of the vibration response in the tool working direction and the maximum amplitude of the vibration response in the direction opposite to the tool working direction or the quotient of the maximum force of the course of the working surface reaction force in the tool working direction and the maximum force of the course of the working surface reaction force in the direction opposite tool working direction is maximum for given frequencies and amplitudes of the fundamental and auxiliary excitation forces.
- the machine is preferably a vibration-activated drilling machine, road milling machine or tunneling machine, a vibration rammer or a soil compaction machine, in particular a vibrating plate or a vibrating roller.
- a vibration-activated drilling machine road milling machine or tunneling machine
- a vibration rammer or a soil compaction machine in particular a vibrating plate or a vibrating roller.
- the unbalance exciter is designed such that at least one of the additional exciter forces is time-variable with an additional frequency corresponding to an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency, preferably with a frequency corresponding to twice the fundamental frequency. It has been shown that at integer frequency ratios the greatest performance gains are possible.
- the unbalance exciter is designed in such a way that it has separate imbalance masses for generating the basic excitation force and the additional exciter forces, which each perform separate rotational movements.
- Such solutions are based on relatively simple and proven design principles and can also be retrofitted to existing multi-wave unbalance exciters.
- the unbalance exciter is designed in such a way that, in order to generate the basic exciter force and at least one of the additional excitation forces, it has a common imbalance mass, which has at least two superimposed rotational movements performs.
- Such a construction method has as potential advantages a compact design, a simple phase position adjustment and minimum bearing speeds.
- the unbalance exciter has a counterweight, which reduces the imbalance generated by the imbalance mass in the rotation with the fundamental frequency and thus reduces the basic exciter force. This makes it possible to influence the relationship between the basic exciter force and the or the additional excitation forces by structural measures in many areas.
- the unbalance exciter is designed such that the fundamental frequency and / or the additional frequencies are preferably infinitely adjustable, preferably during operation. Usually, their ratio to each other is fixed, i. that a change in the fundamental frequency automatically leads to a corresponding change in the additional frequencies, as is the case with a forced coupling via gears. However, it is also intended to allow variable frequency ratios for specific applications.
- the unbalance exciter is designed in such a way that the amplitude of the basic exciter force and / or the amplitude of one or more of the additional excitation forces are preferably infinitely adjustable, and to advantage during operation. Moreover, it is further preferred that the amplitudes are adjustable independently of the respective exciter frequency, e.g. by the center of gravity of the respective unbalanced mass is changed by the center of rotation or by superimposing equally fast and gleichsinning rotating imbalances.
- the machine comprises a machine control, by means of which the phase position, the frequency and / or the amplitude of the basic exciter force and / or one or more of the additional exciter forces are automatically and preferably continuously adjustable during operation such that a vibration response of the tool, or a progression of the work surface reaction force, yields at or the maximum amplitude of the vibrational response in a direction opposite to the pressing direction of the tool on the work surface or the maximum force of the work surface reaction force path in a direction opposite to the pressing direction of the tool against the work surface does not exceed a certain maximum value to prevent temporary loss of contact between the tool and the work surface during normal operation.
- This is particularly important in vibratory rollers for the compaction of asphalt, which must be operated in on-load operation, since a temporary lifting of the roller from the asphalt surface to be compacted would lead to poor surface quality (chatter marks), which should be avoided.
- the machine also has means for in particular continuous determination of the resonance frequency of the machine-tool-work surface system during normal operation.
- These means typically comprise acceleration sensors, sensors for position detection of the pathogen (s) and a computer-aided processing unit which evaluates the signals supplied by the sensors and are preferably together with means for determining the vibration response of the tool and / or for determining the course of the working surface. Reaction force formed.
- the machine further comprises a machine control, with which the fundamental frequency automatically and preferably continuously is adjustable during operation to a frequency slightly above the determined resonant frequency, preferably to a frequency in the range between 105% and 130%, more preferably between 110% and 120% of the determined resonant frequency.
- a machine control with which the fundamental frequency automatically and preferably continuously is adjustable during operation to a frequency slightly above the determined resonant frequency, preferably to a frequency in the range between 105% and 130%, more preferably between 110% and 120% of the determined resonant frequency.
- FIG. 1 The operating principle shown is based on the use of two rotating shafts 1, 2, each carrying an imbalance weight 3 and synchronized about parallel axes of rotation r1, r2 around, for example via a toothed belt or a toothed belt 4, are driven at different speeds f1, f2.
- the phase position between the two rotating shafts 1, 2 is adjustable, for example via a differential gear fifth
- FIG. 2 The operating principle shown is based on the use of a single guided mass 3, which performs two superimposed rotations.
- the mass 3 is rotated at a first rotational speed f1 spaced around a first rotational axis r1, simultaneously rotating at a second rotational speed f2, which is greater than and synchronized with the first rotational speed f1, about a second rotational axis r2, which in turn is rotated rotated at the first rotational speed f1 and at a fixed distance about the first rotational axis r1. Due to the second superimposed rotation, the distance changes the mass 3 to the first axis of rotation r1 running.
- the rotation about the second axis of rotation r2 is caused by the fact that a component carrying the mass 3 and rotatable about the second axis of rotation r2 with a toothed wheel 6 engages with a fixed toothed wheel 7 arranged concentrically with the first axis of rotation r1 and unrolls on its outer circumference.
- the phase position between the first and the second rotation can be changed by rotating the gear 7 concentric with the first axis of rotation r1.
- Fig. 3 shows a perspective schematic representation of a further developed unbalance exciter according to the in Fig. 2 shown construction principle.
- the unbalance exciter on a crankshaft-like main body 8 which is rotatably mounted about two end-mounted bearing pin 10 about a first axis of rotation r1 and connected to a drive motor 9, with which it is drivable at a first speed f1.
- the crank pin is formed by a shaft 11 which carries an imbalance weight 3.
- the shaft 11 is rotatably supported at its ends about a second axis of rotation r2.
- the shaft 11 has a projection with a pinion 6, which runs on the outer circumference of a fixed and concentric with the rotation axis r1 of the main body 8 gear 7.
- the shaft 11 with the imbalance mass 3 attached thereto is rotated at a fixed distance about the axis of rotation r1.
- the shaft 11 is simultaneously rotated about the second axis of rotation r2, so that the imbalance weight 3 performs a movement of two superimposed rotations.
- Fig. 4 shows a side view of a trench roller according to the invention with an unbalance exciter, which according to the construction principle Fig. 1 realized.
- the trench roller consists of an undercarriage 14 with the rollers 15 and the unbalance exciter 16 and a superstructure 17 with the drive motor (not shown), which is isolated in terms of vibration with respect to the undercarriage.
- Fig. 5 shows a perspective top view of the unbalance exciter of the trench roller Fig. 4 ,
- the unbalance exciter 16 has two imbalance waves (not visible) arranged one above the other, which are respectively rotated about their own axes of rotation r1, r2.
- a hydraulic motor 9 is arranged, with which the lower imbalance shaft with the fundamental frequency f1 can be rotated about the rotation axis r1.
- FIG. 6 A longitudinal section through the unbalance exciter Fig. 5 is in Fig. 6 shown.
- the two unbalanced shafts 1, 2 of the unbalance exciter 16 which carry the imbalance masses 3, rotatably coupled to each other via a toothed belt transmission comprising a lower toothed belt pulley 18, an upper toothed belt pulley 19 and a toothed belt 4, such that the upper unbalanced shaft 2 with rotation of the lower imbalance shaft 1 with the fundamental frequency f1 zwangsssynchron and in the same direction with a frequency f2, which corresponds to twice the fundamental frequency f1, is driven.
- Fig. 7 shows the principle of the toothed belt coupling between the two unbalanced shafts 1, 2 greatly simplified
- the phase position of the rotations f1, f2 of the two shafts 1, 2 can be adjusted to each other that an arrangement of two auxiliary pulleys 28a, 28b, their bearings are interconnected by a bridge 29, in a direction V transverse to a straight line through the centers of rotation of the lower 18 and the upper toothed belt pulley 19 by means of a drive, for example a hydraulic cylinder 13, is moved.
- the ratio of the free timing belt length between the upper and lower timing pulleys 18, 19 on the load side changes to the free timing belt length between the lower and upper timing pulleys 18, 19 on the load-free side (side on which the auxiliary pulley 28a engages the toothed belt 4), so that the lower and the upper pulley 18, 19 and thus the unbalanced shafts 1, 2 are rotated relative to each other.
- pulleys 30 are additionally provided here, which can also serve as tension rollers.
- Fig. 8a shows the upper and the lower unbalance shaft of the unbalance exciter from the Figures 5 and 6 during rotation with a first phase position to each other.
- the imbalance masses of the two unbalanced shafts 1, 2 in the illustrated situation have a twist angle ⁇ of 105 ° with respect to one another.
- the unbalanced shafts 1, 2 generate the in Fig. 8b shown exciter force curves (excitation force Ferr in kN over the time t shown), which together give the total exciter force curve (not shown).
- exciter force curves excitation force Ferr in kN over the time t shown
- FIGS. 9a to 9d show representations like the FIGS. 8a to 8d with the difference that here there is a second phase position of the unbalanced shafts, in which the imbalance masses of the two unbalanced shafts 1, 2 in the illustrated situation have a twist angle ⁇ of only 15 ° to each other.
- Fig. 9b With Fig. 8b can be seen, the courses of the excitation forces Ferr are shifted accordingly, so that a different total exciter force curve (not shown) results.
- Fig. 10 shows a perspective top view of an unbalance exciter, which according to the construction principle Fig. 2 according to the concept Fig. 3 realized.
- the main body 8 has two circular disks 20, which can be rotated about their center around a first axis of rotation r1.
- the bearings are not visible here.
- the discs 20 each form a bearing point 21, on each of which one of the ends of an imbalance shaft consisting of a shaft 11 and an imbalance mass 3 is rotatably mounted about a second axis of rotation r2.
- the discs 20 counterweights 31, which reduce the imbalance generated by the imbalance masses 3 during rotation with the fundamental frequency about the first axis of rotation r1 and thereby deliberately reduce the Grunderregerkraft such that during normal operation, a certain ratio between the Basic excitation force and the additional excitation force is present.
- the shaft 11 has a pinion 6, which runs on the outer circumference of a stationary during operation, with the rotation axis r1 of the main body 8 and with the center of the discs 20 concentric gear 7.
- the shaft 11 with the imbalance mass 3 attached thereto is rotated at a fixed distance about the axis of rotation r1.
- the shaft 11 is rotated about the second axis of rotation r2.
- the shaft 11 rotates here with a speed f2, which corresponds to twice the drive speed f1.
- FIGS. 11a and 11b schematically show the position of the imbalance mass of the unbalance exciter Fig. 8 in different angular positions with respect to the basic rotation at two different phase angles, wherein Fig. 11a shows a first phase position and Fig. 11b a second, compared to the first rotated by 45 ° phase angle.
- the imbalance weight 3 in each case performs a rotation of 180 ° about the second rotation axis r2 around a first rotation axis r1 at a basic rotation of the exciter of 90 ° about the second rotation axis r1 and a resulting total rotation of 270 °.
- FIG. 12 shows a schematic plan view of the lower part of a two unbalance exciters 16 according to Fig. 10 equipped vibration plate.
- the upper part with the drive motor is not shown.
- the housing 27 of the exciter assembly is rigidly connected to the work plate 26 of the vibrating plate.
- the discs 20 of the unbalance exciter 16 are rotatably mounted about the first axis of rotation r1 and each unbalance exciter 16 via a central sleeve 22 torsionally rigidly interconnected.
- One of the two sleeves 22 is penetrated by an axle (not shown), which carries the gear 7 and connects it with an external gear 24.
- the unbalanced masses 3 of both unbalance exciters 16 are carried by a common shaft 11, which carries the pinion 6 at a central position, which runs on rotation of the unbalance exciter 16 on the circumference of the gear 7.
- a common shaft 11 which carries the pinion 6 at a central position, which runs on rotation of the unbalance exciter 16 on the circumference of the gear 7.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Road Paving Machines (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Maschine mit einem Unwuchterreger mit einer oder mehreren rotierbaren Unwuchten sowie eine Maschine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäss den Oberbegriffen der unabhängigen Patentansprüche.The invention relates to a method for operating a machine with an unbalance exciter with one or more rotatable imbalances and a machine for carrying out the method according to the preambles of the independent claims.
Unwuchterreger mit rotierbaren Unwuchten dienen der Erzeugung zeitveränderlicher Erregerkräfte und kommen in vielen Bereichen der Technik zum Einsatz, z.B. in Vibrationsförderern, in Schwingsiebmaschinen, in Verdichtungsgeräten wie Rüttelplatten und Vibrationswalzen, in Vibrationsrammen und in vibrationserregten Bohr- und Fräsgeräten. Die heute bekannten monofrequenten Unwuchterreger, bei denen sämtliche Unwuchten mit der gleichen Drehzahl rotieren, lassen sich grundsätzlich nach dem Erregerprinzip einteilen in Kreisschwinger und Richtschwinger. Monofrequente Kreisschwinger erzeugen eine Erregerkraft, welche ausschliesslich hinsichtlich ihrer Richtung zeitlich veränderlich ist. Monofrequente Richtschwinger erzeugen eine Erregerkraft, deren Betrag sich zusammen mit ihrer Wirkrichtung zeitlich verändert, derart, dass über eine volle Drehung der Unwuchtmassen gesehen zwei Erregerkraftmaxima mit entgegengesetzten Wirkrichtungen ausgebildet werden. Während der Kreisschwinger mit einer rotierenden Unwuchtmasse auskommt, benötigt der Richtschwinger systembedingt mindestens zwei gegenläufig rotierende Unwuchtmassen. Da solche Unwuchterreger jeweils in entgegen gesetzten Wirkrichtungen dem Betrag nach gleich grosse Erregerkraftkomponenten erzeugen, ist die mit ihnen beim Einsatz in Verdichtungsgeräten und Rammen bereitstellbare maximale Verdichtungs- bzw. Rammkraft auf das 2- bis 3-Fache des Maschinengewichts begrenzt, je nachdem, ob im Auflastbetrieb gearbeitet werden muss oder ein Betrieb mit vorübergehendem Abheben des Werkzeugs von der Arbeitsfläche zulässig bzw. gewünscht ist.Unbalance exciters with rotatable imbalances are used to generate time-varying excitation forces and are used in many areas of technology, for example in vibration conveyors, in vibrating screens, in compactors such as vibratory plates and vibratory rollers, in vibratory rams and in vibration-excited drilling and milling machines. The currently known monofrequent unbalance exciters, in which all imbalances rotate at the same speed, can basically be classified according to the excitation principle in the circular oscillator and the directional oscillator. Monofrequency circular oscillators produce an exciter force which is temporally variable only with regard to their direction. Monofrequency directional oscillators generate an exciter force, the amount of which changes with time along with its effective direction, such that seen over a full rotation of the imbalance masses two excitation force maxima are formed with opposite directions of action. While the circular oscillator manages with a rotating imbalance mass, the directional oscillator system requires at least two counter-rotating unbalanced masses. Since such unbalance exciters generate in each case in opposite directions of action the magnitude equal excitation force components that is with them when used in compactors and rams depending on whether work must be carried out in on-load operation or operation with temporary lifting of the tool from the work surface is permitted or desired.
Neben den weitverbreiteten monofrequenten Unwuchterregern sind auch bifrequente Unwuchterreger bekannt, bei denen die zeitveränderliche Erregerkraft durch Überlagerung der Erregerkraft einer mit einer Grunddrehzahl rotierenden ersten Unwuchtmasse mit der Erregerkraft einer phasengleich mit der doppelten Drehzahl rotierenden zweiten Unwuchtmasse erzeugt wird. Diese Unwuchterreger erzeugen eine Erregerkraft mit einem einzigen Kraftmaximum in einer bestimmten Richtung.In addition to the widespread monofrequency unbalance exciters and bifrequent unbalance exciters are known in which the time-varying excitation force is generated by superimposing the excitation force of a rotating at a basic speed first imbalance mass with the exciter force of a phase in phase with twice the speed rotating second imbalance mass. These unbalance exciters generate an exciter force with a single maximum force in a particular direction.
Die Dokumente
In der Praxis haben sich derartige bifrequente Unwuchterreger in Vibrationsrammen für Spundwände bewährt, wo mit ihnen deutlich grössere Rammkräfte erzeugt werden können als mit vergleichbaren monofrequenten Unwuchterregern. Bei anderen Anwendungen hingegen, insbesondere bei Rüttelplatten und Vibrationswalzen zur Boden- und Asphaltverdichtung, konnten mit den bekannten bifrequenten Unwuchterregern bisher nur geringe Verbesserungen der Verdichtungsleistung gegenüber monofrequent erregten Vedichtungsgeräten erzielt werden, weshalb im Lichte des deutlich höheren apparatetechnischen Aufwands auf einen Einsatz solcher Unwuchterreger in der Verdichtungstechnik bisher weitgehend verzichtet wurde. Aus
Es stellt sich die Aufgabe, ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Maschine mit einem mehrfrequenten Unwuchterreger und einem mit dem Unwuchterreger zwecks Schwingungsanregung gekoppelten Werkzeug zur Einwirkung auf eine Arbeitsfläche zur Verfügung zu stellen, welches eine Optimierung der Bewegung des Werkzeugs bzw. der vom Werkzeug auf die Arbeitsfläche ausgeübten Kraft und damit der Arbeitsleistung der Maschine erzielt.It turns the task, a method for operating a machine with a multi-frequency unbalance exciter and to provide a tool coupled to the unbalance exciter for vibrational excitation to act on a working surface, which achieves an optimization of the movement of the tool or the force exerted by the tool on the working surface and thus the working power of the machine.
Weiter stellt sich die Aufgabe, eine Maschine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens zur Verfügung zu stellen, bei der sichergestellt werden kann, dass die Maschine jederzeit in einem guten Bereich oder im optimalen Bereich betrieben wird, d.h. immer eine relativ grosse bzw. die maximal mögliche Kraft vom Werkzeug auf die Arbeitsfläche übertragen werden kann.Another object is to provide a machine for carrying out the method, which can be used to ensure that the machine is always operated in a good range or in the optimum range, i. always a relatively large or the maximum possible force can be transferred from the tool to the work surface.
Diese Aufgaben werden durch die Gegenstände der unabhängigen Patentansprüche gelöst.These objects are achieved by the subject-matter of the independent claims.
Demgemäss betrifft ein erster Aspekt der Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Maschine umfassend einen Unwuchterreger mit einer oder mehreren rotierbaren Unwuchtmassen zur Erzeugung einer mehrfrequenten zeitveränderlichen Erregerkraft. Bei einer einzigen Unwuchtmasse vollführt diese mehrere überlagerte Rotationen, welche z.B. rotatorisch gleichgerichtet oder rotatorisch entgegengesetzt sein können. Bei mehreren Unwuchtmassen vollführen diese bevorzugterweise jeweils eine Einzelrotation, wobei es vorgesehen ist, dass gleiche und/oder entgegen gesetzte Rotationsrichtungen zum Einsatz kommen.Accordingly, a first aspect of the invention relates to a method for operating a machine comprising an unbalance exciter with one or more rotatable imbalance masses for generating a multi-frequency time-varying excitation force. For a single imbalance mass, it performs several superimposed rotations, e.g. can be rotationally rectified or rotationally opposite. In the case of a plurality of imbalance masses, these preferably each perform a single rotation, wherein it is provided that identical and / or opposite directions of rotation are used.
Die Erregerkraft wird durch die Überlagerung einer Grunderregerkraft, welche mit einer Grundfrequenz zeitveränderlich ist, mit einer oder mehreren Zusatzerregerkräften, welche mit Zusatzfrequenzen grösser als die Grundfrequenz zeitveränderlich sind, erzeugt. Dabei ist der Unwuchterreger derartig ausgebildet, dass die Phasenlage zwischen der zeitveränderlichen Grunderregerkraft und zumindest einer der zeitveränderlichen Zusatzerregerkräfte einstellbar ist, bevorzugterweise stufenlos.The excitation force is generated by the superposition of a basic exciter force, which is time-variable with a fundamental frequency, with one or more additional excitation forces which are time-variable with additional frequencies greater than the fundamental frequency. In this case, the unbalance exciter is designed such that the phase position between the time-varying basic excitation force and at least one of the time-varying auxiliary excitation forces is adjustable, preferably continuously.
Weiter umfasst die Maschine ein mit dem Unwuchterreger zwecks Schwingungsanregung gekoppeltes Werkzeug zur Einwirkung auf eine Arbeitsfläche.Furthermore, the machine comprises a tool coupled to the unbalance exciter for the purpose of vibrational excitation for acting on a work surface.
Erfindungsgemäss wird die Maschine derartig betrieben, dass das mit dem Unwuchterreger zu Schwingungen angeregte Werkzeug bestimmungsgemäss auf eine Arbeitsfläche einwirkt, also eine bestimmungsgemässe Arbeit ausführt. Dabei wird die Schwingungsantwort des Werkzeugs auf die Schwingungsanregung des Unwuchterregers und/oder der Verlauf der Arbeitsflächen-Reaktionskraft ermittelt und diese bzw. dieser mit einer angestrebten Soll-Schwingungsantwort bzw. einem angestrebten Soll-Arbeitsflächen-Reaktionskraftverlauf verglichen. Wie die Schwingungsantwort bzw. der Arbeitsflächen-Reaktionskraftverlauf messtechnisch ermittelt werden kann, ist dem Fachmann bekannt und muss deshalb hier nicht genauer erläutert werden.According to the invention, the machine is operated in such a way that the tool, which is excited to vibrate with the unbalance exciter, acts as intended on a working surface, that is, performs a work as intended. In this case, the vibration response of the tool to the vibration excitation of the unbalance exciter and / or the course of the working surface reaction force is determined and compared this or with a desired target vibration response or a desired target working surface reaction force profile. How the vibration response or the working surface reaction force profile can be determined by measurement is known to the person skilled in the art and therefore need not be explained in more detail here.
Weiter wird die Phasenlage zwischen der zeitveränderlichen Grunderregerkraft und zumindest einer der zeitveränderlichen Zusatzerregerkräfte zur Veränderung der Gesamterregerkraft und damit der Schwingungsanregung derart eingestellt, dass sich eine Schwingungsantwort des Werkzeugs oder ein Verlauf der Arbeitsflächen-Reaktionskraft ergibt, welche oder welcher eine verbesserte und bevorzugterweise grösstmögliche Übereinstimmung mit der Soll-Schwingungsantwort bzw. dem Soll-Arbeitsflächen-Reaktionskraftverlauf aufweist.Furthermore, the phase position between the time-varying basic excitation force and at least one of the time-varying additional excitation forces for changing the total excitation force and thus the vibration excitation is set such that a vibration response of the tool or a progression of the working surface reaction force results, which or which an improved and preferably the greatest possible match has the desired vibration response and the desired working surface reaction force curve.
Auf diese Weise wird eine Optimierung der Bewegung des Werkzeugs bzw. der vom Werkzeug auf die Arbeitsfläche ausgeübten Kraft und damit der Arbeitsleistung der Maschine erzielt.In this way, an optimization of the movement of the tool or the force exerted by the tool on the work surface and thus the performance of the machine is achieved.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens wird die Phasenlage zwischen der zeitveränderlichen Grunderregerkraft und zumindest einer der zeitveränderlichen Zusatzerregerkräfte während dem Betrieb der Maschine eingestellt bzw. verändert, was einen unterbruchsfreien Betrieb ermöglicht und bevorzugterweise als automatisierter Regeleingriff mit einem erneuten Vergleich der resultierenden Schwingungsantwort oder des resultierenden Verlaufs der Arbeitsflächen-Reaktionskraft mit der Soll-Schwingungsantwort bzw. dem Soll-Arbeitsflächen-Reaktionskraftverlauf erfolgt.In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the phase position between the time-variable basic exciter force and at least one of the time-varying additional excitation forces is set or changed during operation of the machine, which enables interruption-free operation and preferably as automatic control intervention with a renewed one Comparison of the resulting vibration response or the resulting course of the working surface reaction force with the desired vibration response or the target working surface reaction force course takes place.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Verfahrens wird die Phasenlage derartig eingestellt, dass sich eine Schwingungsantwort des Werkzeugs oder ein Arbeitsflächen-Reaktionskraftverlauf ergibt, bei welcher oder welchem der Quotient aus der maximalen Amplitude der Schwingungsantwort des Werkzeugs in Werkzeugarbeitsrichtung und der maximalen Amplitude der Schwingungsantwort des Werkzeugs in Richtung entgegen der Werkzeugarbeitsrichtung oder der Quotient aus der maximalen Kraft des Arbeitsflächen-Reaktionskraftverlaufs in Werkzeugarbeitsrichtung und der maximalen Kraft des Arbeitsflächen-Reaktionskraftverlaufs in Richtung entgegen der Werkzeugarbeitsrichtung für gegebene Frequenzen und Amplituden der Grund- und Zusatzerregerkräfte maximal ist. Hierdurch kann sichergestellt werden, dass die Maschine jederzeit in einem guten bzw. im optimalen Bereich betrieben wird, also immer eine relativ grosse bzw. die maximale Kraft vom Werkzeug auf die Arbeitsfläche übertragen wird.In a further preferred embodiment of the method, the phase position is adjusted such that a vibration response of the tool or a work surface reaction force curve results, at which or which the quotient of the maximum amplitude of the vibration response of the tool in the tool working direction and the maximum amplitude of the vibration response of the tool in the direction opposite to the tool working direction or the quotient of the maximum force of the work surface reaction force curve in the tool working direction and the maximum force of the work surface reaction force curve in the direction opposite to the tool working direction for given frequencies and amplitudes of the basic and additional exciter forces. In this way it can be ensured that the machine is operated at all times in a good or optimal range, that is always a relatively large or the maximum force is transmitted from the tool to the work surface.
In noch einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Verfahrens werden die Phasenlage, die Frequenz und/oder die Amplitude der Grunderregerkraft und/- oder einer oder mehrerer der Zusatzerregerkräfte bevorzugterweise unabhängig voneinander derartig eingestellt, dass sich eine Schwingungsantwort des Werkzeugs oder ein Verlauf der Arbeitsflächen-Reaktionskraft ergibt, bei der oder dem die maximale Amplitude der Schwingungsantwort des Werkzeugs in einer Richtung entgegen der Anpressrichtung des Werkzeugs an die Arbeitsfläche oder die maximale Kraft des Arbeitsflächen-Reaktionskraftverlaufs in einer Richtung entgegen der Anpressrichtung des Werkzeugs an die Arbeitsfläche einen bestimmten Maximalwert nicht übersteigt, zur Verhinderung eines zeitweiligen Kontaktverlusts zwischen dem Werkzeug und der Arbeitsfläche beim bestimmungsgemässen Betrieb. Dies ist, wie bereits erwähntwurde, insbesondere bei Vibrationswalzen für die Verdichtung von Asphalt wichtig, da diese im Auflastbetrieb betrieben werden müssen, um ein zeitweiliges Abheben der Walze von der zu verdichtenden Asphaltoberfläche sicher zu verhindern.In yet another preferred embodiment of the method, the phase position, the frequency and / or the amplitude of the basic exciter force and / or one or more of the additional excitation forces are preferably adjusted independently of one another such that a vibration response of the tool or a progression of the working surface reaction force results in which the maximum amplitude of the vibration response of the tool in a direction opposite to the pressing direction of the tool against the working surface or the maximum force of the working surface reaction force course in a direction opposite to the pressing direction of the tool on the working surface does not exceed a certain maximum value, for preventing a temporary loss of contact between the tool and the work surface when intended operation. This is, as already mentioned, particularly important in vibratory rollers for the compaction of asphalt, since these must be operated in on-load operation in order to reliably prevent a temporary lifting of the roller from the asphalt surface to be compacted.
In noch einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Verfahrens wird die Resonanzfrequenz des Systems Maschine-Werkzeug-Arbeitsfläche beim bestimmungsgemässen Betrieb insbesondere fortlaufend ermittelt und die Grundfrequenz insbesondere fortlaufend auf eine Frequenz geringfügig oberhalb der ermittelten Resonanzfrequenz eingestellt, bevorzugterweise auf eine Frequenz typischerweise im Bereich zwischen 105 % und 130 %, bevorzugterweise zwischen 110 % und 120% der ermittelten Resonanzfrequenz. Hierdurch ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass die Grundfrequenz gezielt in einem Bereich geringfügig oberhalb der Resonanzfrequenz gehalten werden kann, was eine weitere Leistungsoptimierung ermöglicht.In yet another preferred embodiment of the method, the resonant frequency of the machine-tool-work surface system during normal operation is determined in particular continuously and set the fundamental frequency in particular continuously to a frequency slightly above the determined resonant frequency, preferably to a frequency typically in the range between 105% and 130%, preferably between 110% and 120% of the determined resonant frequency. This results in the advantage that the fundamental frequency can be kept selectively in a range slightly above the resonance frequency, which allows a further performance optimization.
In noch einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Verfahrens wird das Ermitteln der Schwingungsantwort und/oder des Arbeitsflächen-Reaktionskraftverlaufs und gegebenenfalls der Resonanzfrequenz, das Vergleichen mit einer angestrebten Soll-Schwingungsantwort und/oder einem Soll-Arbeitsflächen-Reaktionskraftverlauf und das Einstellen der Phasenlage und gegebenenfalls der Frequenz und/oder Amplitude automatisiert mittels einer Maschinensteuerung durchgeführt, und zwar bevorzugterweise fortlaufend während dem Betrieb der Maschine. Hierdurch kann zu jederzeit ein Betrieb mit optimalen Betriebsparametern sichergestellt werden.In yet another preferred embodiment of the method, the determination of the vibration response and / or the working surface reaction force curve and optionally the resonance frequency, the comparison with a desired target vibration response and / or a desired working surface reaction force curve and the adjustment of the phase position and optionally the Frequency and / or amplitude carried out automatically by means of a machine control, preferably continuously during operation of the machine. This can be ensured at any time operation with optimal operating parameters.
Ein zweiter Aspekt der Erfindung betrifft eine Maschine umfassend einen Unwuchterreger mit einer oder mehreren rotierbaren Unwuchtmassen zur Erzeugung einer mehrfrequenten zeitveränderlichen Erregerkraft. Bei einer einzigen Unwuchtmasse vollführt diese mehrere überlagerte Rotationen, welche z.B. rotatorisch gleichgerichtet oder rotatorisch entgegengesetzt sein können. Bei mehreren Unwuchtmassen vollführen diese bevorzugterweise jeweils eine Einzelrotation, wobei es vorgesehen ist, dass gleiche und/oder entgegen gesetzte Rotationsrichtungen zum Einsatz kommen.A second aspect of the invention relates to a machine comprising an unbalance exciter with one or more rotatable imbalance masses for generating a multi-frequency time-varying excitation force. In the case of a single imbalance mass, this performs several superimposed rotations which, for example, are rotationally rectified or rotationally opposite. In the case of a plurality of imbalance masses, these preferably each perform a single rotation, wherein it is provided that identical and / or opposite directions of rotation are used.
Die Erregerkraft wird durch die Überlagerung einer Grunderregerkraft, welche mit einer Grundfrequenz zeitveränderlich ist, mit einer oder mehreren Zusatzerregerkräften, welche mit Zusatzfrequenzen grösser als die Grundfrequenz zeitveränderlich sind, erzeugt. Dabei ist der Unwuchterreger derartig ausgebildet, dass die Phasenlage zwischen der zeitveränderlichen Grunderregerkraft und zumindest einer der zeitveränderlichen Zusatzerregerkräfte während dem Betrieb einstellbar ist, bevorzugterweise stufenlos.The excitation force is generated by the superposition of a basic exciter force, which is time-variable with a fundamental frequency, with one or more additional excitation forces which are time-variable with additional frequencies greater than the fundamental frequency. In this case, the unbalance exciter is designed such that the phase position between the time-varying basic exciter force and at least one of the time-varying additional excitation forces during operation is adjustable, preferably continuously.
Weiter umfasst die Maschine ein mit dem Unwuchterreger zwecks Schwingungsanregung gekoppeltes Werkzeug zur Einwirkung auf eine Arbeitsfläche.Furthermore, the machine comprises a tool coupled to the unbalance exciter for the purpose of vibrational excitation for acting on a work surface.
Auch umfasst die Maschine Mittel zur Ermittelung der Schwingungsantwort des Werkzeugs auf die Schwingungsanregung des Unwuchterregers beim bestimmungsgemässen Betrieb der Maschine und/oder Mittel zur Ermittlung des Verlaufs der Arbeitsflächen-Reaktionskraft beim bestimmungsgemässen Betrieb der Maschine, welcher sich aus einer Überlagerung des aus der Schwingungsantwort des Werkzeugs und dessen schwingender Masse sich ergebenden Bewegungskraftverlaufs des Werkzeugs mit dem Erregerkraftverlauf des oder der Erreger und der statischen Gewichtskraft der Maschine ergibtAlso, the machine comprises means for determining the vibration response of the tool to the vibration excitation of the unbalance exciter during normal operation of the machine and / or means for determining the course of the working surface reaction force during normal operation of the machine, which consists of a superposition of the from the vibration response of the tool and the oscillating mass of which results in the resulting movement force course of the tool with the exciter force profile of the exciter (s) and the static weight force of the machine
Die Mittel zur Ermittelung der Schwingungsantwort des Werkzeugs umfassen typischerweise Beschleunigungssensoren und eine computergestützte Recheneinheit, welche die von den Sensoren gelieferten Signale auswertet. Hierdurch wird es möglich, die Auswirkungen einer Veränderung der Phasenlage zwischen der Grunderregerkraft und der mindestens einen Zusatzerregerkraft, welche zu einer Veränderung der resultierenden Gesamterregerkraft führt, auf die Schwingungsantwort des Werkzeugs, also auf dessen Bewegungsverlauf, objektiv zu beurteilen und so gezielt Einfluss auf diesen wichtigen Betriebsparameter durch gezieltes Verstellen der Phasenlage zu nehmen.The means for determining the vibration response of the tool typically comprise acceleration sensors and a computer-aided processing unit which evaluates the signals supplied by the sensors. This makes it possible, the effects of a change in the phase angle between the basic excitation force and the at least one additional excitation force, which leads to a change in the resulting total exciter force leads to objectively assessing the vibration response of the tool, ie its course of motion, and thus to specifically influence this important operating parameter by deliberately adjusting the phase position.
Bei Maschinen zur Bodenverdichtung wird die Arbeitsflächen-Reaktionskraft auch als Bodenreaktionskraft bezeichnet.In soil compaction machines, the working surface reaction force is also referred to as the soil reaction force.
Die Mittel zur Ermittlung des Verlaufs der Arbeitsflächen-Reaktionskraft umfassen typischerweise Beschleunigungssensoren, Sensoren zur Positionserfassung der rotierenden Unwuchten und eine computergestützte Recheneinheit, welche die von den Sensoren gelieferten Signale auswertet. Hierdurch wird es möglich, die Auswirkungen einer Veränderung der Phasenlage zwischen der Grunderregerkraft und der mindestens einen Zusatzerregerkraft, welche zu einer Veränderung der resultierenden Gesamterregerkraft führt, auf die vom Werkzeug auf die Arbeitsfläche ausgeübte Kraft objektiv zu beurteilen und so eine Optimierung dieser Kraft und damit der Arbeitsleistung der Maschine durch gezieltes Verstellen der Phasenlage vorzunehmen.The means for determining the progression of the work surface reaction force typically comprise acceleration sensors, positional sensors for rotating imbalances and a computer-aided processing unit which evaluates the signals supplied by the sensors. This makes it possible to objectively assess the effects of a change in the phase position between the basic excitation force and the at least one additional excitation force, which leads to a change in the resulting total excitation force on the force exerted by the tool on the work surface and thus optimize this force and thus the Performing work of the machine by targeted adjustment of the phase position.
Zudem umfasst die Maschine zusätzlich eine Maschinensteuerung, mittels welcher die Phasenlage zwischen der Grunderregerkraft und der mindestens einen Zusatzerregerkraft automatisch und bevorzugterweise fortlaufend während dem Betrieb derart einstellbar ist, dass sich eine Schwingungsantwort des Werkzeugs oder ein Verlauf der Arbeitsflächen-Reaktionskraft ergibt, bei welcher oder welchem der Quotient aus der maximalen Amplitude der Schwingungsantwort in Werkzeugarbeitsrichtung und der maximalen Amplitude der Schwingungsantwort in Richtung entgegen der Werkzeugarbeitsrichtung oder der Quotient aus der maximalen Kraft des Verlaufs der Arbeitsflächen-Reaktionskraft in Werkzeugarbeitsrichtung und der maximalen Kraft des Verlaufs der Arbeitsflächen-Reaktionskraft in Richtung entgegen der Werkzeugarbeitsrichtung für gegebene Frequenzen und Amplituden der Grund- und Zusatzerregerkräfte maximal ist.In addition, the machine additionally comprises a machine controller, by means of which the phase position between the basic excitation force and the at least one additional excitation force is automatically and preferably continuously adjustable during operation such that a vibration response of the tool or a progression of the working surface reaction force results, in which or which the quotient of the maximum amplitude of the vibration response in the tool working direction and the maximum amplitude of the vibration response in the direction opposite to the tool working direction or the quotient of the maximum force of the course of the working surface reaction force in the tool working direction and the maximum force of the course of the working surface reaction force in the direction opposite tool working direction is maximum for given frequencies and amplitudes of the fundamental and auxiliary excitation forces.
Hierdurch kann sichergestellt werden, dass die Maschine jederzeit in einem guten Bereich oder im optimalen Bereich betrieben wird, d.h. immer eine relativ grosse bzw. die maximal mögliche Kraft vom Werkzeug auf die Arbeitsfläche übertragen werden kann.This can ensure that the machine is always operated in a good range or in the optimum range, i. always a relatively large or the maximum possible force can be transferred from the tool to the work surface.
Bevorzugterweise handelt es sich bei der Maschine um eine vibrationsaktivierte Bohrmaschine, Strassenfräse oder Tunnelfräse, eine Vibrationsramme oder eine Maschine zur Bodenverdichtung, insbesondere eine Vibrationsplatte oder eine Vibrationswalze. Bei solchen Maschinen treten die Vorteile der Erfindung besonders deutlich zu Tage.The machine is preferably a vibration-activated drilling machine, road milling machine or tunneling machine, a vibration rammer or a soil compaction machine, in particular a vibrating plate or a vibrating roller. In such machines, the advantages of the invention are particularly evident.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Maschine ist der Unwuchterreger derartig ausgebildet, dass zumindest eine der Zusatzerregerkräfte mit einer einem ganzzahligen Vielfachen der Grundfrequenz entsprechenden Zusatzfrequenz zeitveränderlich ist, und zwar bevorzugterweise mit einer Frequenz entsprechend dem Zweifachen der Grundfrequenz. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass bei ganzzahligen Frequenzverhältnissen die grössten Leistungsgewinne möglich sind.In a preferred embodiment of the machine, the unbalance exciter is designed such that at least one of the additional exciter forces is time-variable with an additional frequency corresponding to an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency, preferably with a frequency corresponding to twice the fundamental frequency. It has been shown that at integer frequency ratios the greatest performance gains are possible.
In noch einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Maschine ist der Unwuchterreger derartig ausgebildet, dass dieser zur Erzeugung der Grunderregerkraft und der Zusatzerregerkräfte separate Unwuchtmassen aufweist, welche jeweils separate Rotationsbewegungen vollführen. Derartige Lösungen basieren auf relativ einfachen und erprobten Konstruktionsprinzipien und können zudem auch bei existierenden Mehrwellen-Unwuchterregern nachgerüstet werden.In yet another preferred embodiment of the machine, the unbalance exciter is designed in such a way that it has separate imbalance masses for generating the basic excitation force and the additional exciter forces, which each perform separate rotational movements. Such solutions are based on relatively simple and proven design principles and can also be retrofitted to existing multi-wave unbalance exciters.
In einer alternativen Ausführungsform der Maschine ist der Unwuchterreger derartig ausgebildet, dass dieser zur Erzeugung der Grunderregerkraft und zumindest einer der Zusatzerregerkräfte eine gemeinsame Unwuchtmasse aufweist, welche zumindest zwei überlagerte Rotationsbewegungen vollführt. Eine derartige Konstruktionsweise weist als potentielle Vorteile eine kompakte Bauweise, eine einfache Phasenlagenverstellung und minimale Lagerdrehzahlen auf.In an alternative embodiment of the machine, the unbalance exciter is designed in such a way that, in order to generate the basic exciter force and at least one of the additional excitation forces, it has a common imbalance mass, which has at least two superimposed rotational movements performs. Such a construction method has as potential advantages a compact design, a simple phase position adjustment and minimum bearing speeds.
Dabei kann es bevorzugt sein, dass der Unwuchterreger ein Gegengewicht aufweist, welches die durch die Unwuchtmasse bei der Rotation mit der Grundfrequenz erzeugten Unwucht verringert und somit die Grunderregerkraft reduziert. Hierdurch ist es möglich, das Verhältnis zwischen der Grunderregerkraft und der oder den Zusatzerregerkräften durch bauliche Massnahmen in weiten Bereichen zu beeinflussen. In noch einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Maschine ist der Unwuchterreger derartig ausgebildet, dass die Grundfrequenz und/oder die Zusatzfrequenzen bevorzugterweise stufenlos einstellbar sind, bevorzugterweise während dem Betrieb. Üblicherweise ist deren Verhältnis zueinander fix, d.h. dass eine Veränderung der Grundfrequenz automatisch zu einer entsprechenden Veränderung der Zusatzfrequenzen führt, wie sich dies bei einer Zwangkopplung über Zahnräder ergibt. Es ist jedoch ebenso vorgesehen, für spezifische Anwendungen variable Frequenzverhältnisse zu ermöglichen.It may be preferred that the unbalance exciter has a counterweight, which reduces the imbalance generated by the imbalance mass in the rotation with the fundamental frequency and thus reduces the basic exciter force. This makes it possible to influence the relationship between the basic exciter force and the or the additional excitation forces by structural measures in many areas. In yet another preferred embodiment of the machine, the unbalance exciter is designed such that the fundamental frequency and / or the additional frequencies are preferably infinitely adjustable, preferably during operation. Usually, their ratio to each other is fixed, i. that a change in the fundamental frequency automatically leads to a corresponding change in the additional frequencies, as is the case with a forced coupling via gears. However, it is also intended to allow variable frequency ratios for specific applications.
In noch einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Maschine ist der Unwuchterreger derartig ausgebildet, dass die Amplitude der Grunderregerkraft und/oder die Amplitude einer oder mehrerer der Zusatzerregerkräfte bevorzugterweise stufenlos einstellbar sind, und zwar mit Vorteil während dem Betrieb. Zudem ist es weiter bevorzugt, dass die Amplituden unabhängig von der jeweiligen Erregerfrequenz einstellbar sind, z.B. indem der Schwerpunktsabstand der jeweiligen Unwuchtmasse vom Rotationszentrum verändert wird oder durch Überlagerung gleich schnell und gleichsinning rotierender Unwuchten.In yet another preferred embodiment of the machine, the unbalance exciter is designed in such a way that the amplitude of the basic exciter force and / or the amplitude of one or more of the additional excitation forces are preferably infinitely adjustable, and to advantage during operation. Moreover, it is further preferred that the amplitudes are adjustable independently of the respective exciter frequency, e.g. by the center of gravity of the respective unbalanced mass is changed by the center of rotation or by superimposing equally fast and gleichsinning rotating imbalances.
Durch diese Massnahmen wird eine weitere Optimierung der Verdichtungsleistung möglich, insbesondere fortlaufend und automatisiert während dem Betrieb.Through these measures, a further optimization of the compaction performance is possible, in particular continuously and automatically during operation.
Weiter ist es von Vorteil, dass die Maschine eine Maschinensteuerung umfasst, mittels welcher die Phasenlage, die Frequenz und/oder die Amplitude der Grunderregerkraft und/oder einer oder mehrerer der Zusatzerregerkräfte automatisch und bevorzugterweise fortlaufend während dem Betrieb derartig einstellbar sind, dass sich eine Schwingungsantwort des Werkzeugs oder ein Verlauf der Arbeitsflächen-Reaktionskraft ergibt, bei der oder dem die maximale Amplitude der Schwingungsantwort in einer Richtung entgegen der Anpressrichtung des Werkzeugs an die Arbeitsfläche oder die maximale Kraft des Arbeitsflächen-Reaktionskraftverlaufs in einer Richtung entgegen der Anpressrichtung des Werkzeugs an die Arbeitsfläche einen bestimmten Maximalwert nicht übersteigt, zur Verhinderung eines zeitweiligen Kontaktverlusts zwischen dem Werkzeug und der Arbeitsfläche beim bestimmungsgemässen Betrieb. Dies ist insbesondere bei Vibrationswalzen für die Verdichtung von Asphalt wichtig, welche im Auflastbetrieb betrieben werden müssen, da ein zeitweilige Abheben der Walze von der zu verdichtenden Asphaltoberfläche zu einer schlechten Oberflächenqualität (Rattermarken) führen würde, was es zu vermeiden gilt.Further, it is advantageous that the machine comprises a machine control, by means of which the phase position, the frequency and / or the amplitude of the basic exciter force and / or one or more of the additional exciter forces are automatically and preferably continuously adjustable during operation such that a vibration response of the tool, or a progression of the work surface reaction force, yields at or the maximum amplitude of the vibrational response in a direction opposite to the pressing direction of the tool on the work surface or the maximum force of the work surface reaction force path in a direction opposite to the pressing direction of the tool against the work surface does not exceed a certain maximum value to prevent temporary loss of contact between the tool and the work surface during normal operation. This is particularly important in vibratory rollers for the compaction of asphalt, which must be operated in on-load operation, since a temporary lifting of the roller from the asphalt surface to be compacted would lead to poor surface quality (chatter marks), which should be avoided.
In noch einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist die Maschine zudem Mittel zur insbesondere fortlaufenden Ermittlung der Resonanzfrequenz des Systems Maschine-Werkzeug-Arbeitsfläche beim bestimmungsgemässen Betrieb auf. Diese Mittel weisen typischerweise Beschleunigungssensoren, Sensoren zur Positionserfassung des oder der Erreger und eine computergestützte Recheneinheit auf, welche die von den Sensoren gelieferten Signale auswertet, und sind bevorzugterweise gemeinsam mit Mitteln zur Ermittlung der Schwingungsantwort des Werkzeugs und/oder zur Ermittlung des Verlaufs der Arbeitsflächen-Reaktionskraft ausgebildet.In yet another preferred embodiment, the machine also has means for in particular continuous determination of the resonance frequency of the machine-tool-work surface system during normal operation. These means typically comprise acceleration sensors, sensors for position detection of the pathogen (s) and a computer-aided processing unit which evaluates the signals supplied by the sensors and are preferably together with means for determining the vibration response of the tool and / or for determining the course of the working surface. Reaction force formed.
Dabei ist es weiter bevorzugt, dass die Maschine zudem eine Maschinensteuerung umfasst, mit welcher die Grundfrequenz automatisch und bevorzugterweise fortlaufend während dem Betrieb auf eine Frequenz geringfügig oberhalb der ermittelten Resonanzfrequenz einstellbar ist, und zwar bevorzugterweise auf eine Frequenz im Bereich zwischen 105% und 130%, noch bevorzugter zwischen 110% und 120% der ermittelten Resonanzfrequenz. Hierdurch ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass die Grundfrequenz fortlaufend in einem Bereich geringfügig oberhalb der Resonanzfrequenz gehalten werden kann, was eine weitere Leistungsoptimierung ermöglicht.It is further preferred that the machine further comprises a machine control, with which the fundamental frequency automatically and preferably continuously is adjustable during operation to a frequency slightly above the determined resonant frequency, preferably to a frequency in the range between 105% and 130%, more preferably between 110% and 120% of the determined resonant frequency. This results in the advantage that the fundamental frequency can be kept continuously in a range slightly above the resonance frequency, which enables further performance optimization.
Weitere Ausgestaltungen, Vorteile und Anwendungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen und aus der nun folgenden Beschreibung anhand der Figuren. Dabei zeigen:
- die
zwei grundlegende Konstruktionsprinzipien für Unwuchterreger;Figuren 1 und 2 -
Fig. 3 eine perspektivische Prinzipdarstellung eines Unwuchterregers gemäss dem inFig. 2 gezeigten Konstruktionsprinzips; -
Fig. 4 eine Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemässen Vibrationswalze; -
Fig. 5 eine perspektivische Draufsicht auf den Unwuchterreger der Vibrationswalze ausFig. 4 ; -
Fig. 6 einen Längsschnitt durch den Unwuchterreger ausFig. 5 ; -
Fig. 7 eine Prinzipdarstellung der Phasenverstellung des Unwuchterregers ausden Figuren 5 und6 ; - die
Figuren 8a bis 8d die Position der rotierenden Unwuchten und den Verlauf der Erregerkraft des Unwuchterregers, die Schwingungsantwort der Walzen sowie den Verlauf der Bodenreaktionskraft beim schwingungsantwortoptimierten Betrieb der Grabenwalze ausFig. 4 ; - die
Figuren 9a bis 9d die Phasenlage der rotierenden Unwuchten und den Verlauf der Erregerkraft des Unwuchterregers, die Schwingungsantwort der Walzen sowie den Verlauf der Bodenreaktionskraft bei einem bodenreaktionskraftoptimierten Betrieb der Grabenwalze ausFig. 4 ; -
Fig. 10 eine perspektivische Draufsicht auf einen Unwuchterreger gemäss der Prinzipdarstellung inFig. 3 ; - die
Figuren 11a und 11b die Position der Unwuchtmasse des Unwuchterregers ausFig. 10 in verschiedenen Winkelpositionen der Grundrotation bei zwei verschiedenen Phasenlagen; und -
Fig. 12 eine Draufsicht auf das Unterteil einer mit zwei Unwuchterregern gemässFig. 10 ausgerüsteten Vibrationsplatte.
- the
Figures 1 and 2 two basic design principles for unbalance exciters; -
Fig. 3 a perspective schematic representation of an imbalance exciter according to the inFig. 2 shown construction principle; -
Fig. 4 a side view of an inventive vibration roller; -
Fig. 5 a perspective top view of the unbalance exciter of the vibratory rollerFig. 4 ; -
Fig. 6 a longitudinal section through the unbalance exciterFig. 5 ; -
Fig. 7 a schematic diagram of the phase adjustment of the unbalance exciter from theFigures 5 and6 ; - the
FIGS. 8a to 8d the position of the rotating imbalances and the course of the exciter force of the unbalance exciter, the vibration response of the rollers and the course of the ground reaction force in the vibration-response optimized operation of the trench rollerFig. 4 ; - the
FIGS. 9a to 9d the phase of the rotating imbalances and the course of the exciter force of the unbalance exciter, the vibration response of the rollers and the course of the floor reaction force in a ground reaction force optimized operation of the trench rollerFig. 4 ; -
Fig. 10 a perspective plan view of an unbalance exciter according to the schematic diagram inFig. 3 ; - the
Figures 11a and 11b the position of the imbalance mass of the unbalance exciterFig. 10 in different angular positions of the basic rotation at two different phase angles; and -
Fig. 12 a plan view of the lower part of a with two unbalance exciters accordingFig. 10 equipped vibration plate.
Zwei grundlegende Konstruktionsprinzipien für Unwuchterreger für eine erfindungsgemässe Maschine sind in den
Das in
Das in
Ein Längsschnitt durch den Unwuchterreger aus
Wie in Zusammenschau mit
Wie zu erkennen ist, ergibt sich bei dieser Phasenlage auf sandigem Boden eine Schwingungsantwort der Walzen 15, bei welcher der Quotient aus der maximalen Amplitude Amp der Schwingungsantwort der Walzen in Arbeitsrichtung (hier Schwerkraftrichtung) zur maximalen Amplitude Amp der Schwingungsantwort der Walzen in Richtung entgegen der Arbeitsrichtung maximal ist. Es handelt sich also um einen schwingungsantwortoptimierten Betrieb der Grabenwalze, bei welchem im vorliegenden Fall, wie aus
Die
Wie aus den
An einem ihrer Enden weist die Welle 11 ein Ritzel 6 auf, welches am Aussenumfang eines im Betrieb feststehenden, mit der Rotationsachse r1 des Hauptkörpers 8 bzw. mit dem Zentrum der Scheiben 20 konzentrischen Zahnrads 7 abläuft. Wie zu erkennen ist, wird beim Rotieren des Hauptkörpers 8 um die erste Rotationsachse r1 herum die Welle 11 mit der daran befestigten Unwuchtmasse 3 mit einem festen Abstand um die Rotationsachse r1 herum rotiert. Gleichzeitig wird infolge des Ablaufens des Ritzels 6 am Umfang des Zahnrads 7 die Welle 11 um die zweite Rotationsachse r2 rotiert. Infolge der unterschiedlichen Umfänge von Ritzel 6 und Zahnrad 7 rotiert die Welle 11 hier mit einer Drehzahl f2, welche der doppelten Antriebsdrehzahl f1 entspricht. Zur Verstellung der Phasenlage zwischen den beiden Rotationen um die Rotationsachsen r1, r2 herum kann das Zahnrad 7, z.B. mittels einer Zahnstange (nicht gezeigt), um sein Zentrum und damit um die erste Rotationsachse r1 herum verdreht werden.At one of its ends, the
Die
Claims (17)
- Method for operating a machine comprising an unbalance exciter with one or more rotatable unbalances (3) for generating a time-varying multiple-frequency excitation force which is generated by overlapping a time-varying base excitation force of a base frequency (f1) with one or more additional time-varying excitation forces of additional frequencies (f2) which are greater than the base frequency, wherein the phase between the base excitation force and at least one of the additional excitation forces is adjustable particularly continuously and further comprising a tool (15, 26) for acting on a working surface, which is coupled to the unbalance exciter for vibration stimulation, comprising the stepa) operating the machine such that the tool (15, 26) stimulated to vibrate by the unbalance exciter (16) acts on a working surface in operation as intended, the method being characterized by the stepsb) determining the vibration response of the tool to the vibration stimulation of the unbalance exciter (16) or of the course of the working surface reaction force in operation as intended;c) comparing the determined vibration response of the tool (15, 26) with a desired target vibration response or of the determined working surface reaction force course with a desired target working surface reaction force course; andd) adjusting the phase between the base excitation force and at least one of the additional excitation forces for varying the vibration excitation such that a vibration response of the tool (15, 26) results, which has an improved, particularly an as great as possible match with the target vibration response or that a working surface reaction force course results, which has an improved, particularly an as great as possible match with the target working surface reaction force course.
- Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the phase is adjusted during operation.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the phase is adjusted in such a way that a vibration response of the tool (15, 26) or a working surface reaction force course results, for which the ratio between the maximum amplitude of the vibration response of the tool in tool working direction and the maximum amplitude of the vibration response of the tool in a direction opposite to the tool working direction or the ratio between the maximum force of the working surface reaction force course in working direction of the tool and the maximum force of the working surface reaction force course in a direction opposite to the working direction of the tool for given frequencies (f1, f2) and amplitudes of the base and additional excitation forces is maximal.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the phase, the frequency (f1, f2) and/or the amplitude of the base excitation force and/or of one or more of the additional excitation forces are adjusted particularly independently from one another in such a way that a vibration response of the tool (15, 26) or a course of the working surface reaction force results, in case of which the maximum amplitude of the vibration response of the tool or the maximum force of the working surface reaction force course doesn't exceed a certain maximum value in a direction opposite to the pressing direction of the tool (15, 26) on the working surface, in order to avoid a temporary contact loss between the tool (15, 26) and the working surface in operation as intended.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the resonance frequency of the system machine-tool-working surface is particularly determined continuously in operation as intended and the base frequency (f1) is set particularly continuously to a frequency which is a little above the determined resonance frequency, particularly to a frequency in the range between 105 % and 130 %, particularly between 110 % and 120 % of the determined resonance frequency.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the determination of the vibration response of the tool or the course of the working surface reaction force and potentially of the resonance frequency, the comparison with a desired target vibration response or with a desired target working surface reaction force course and the setting of the phase and potentially of the frequency (f1, f2) and/or the amplitude is carried out automatically by means of a machine control, particularly continuously during operation of the machine.
- Machine for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising
an unbalance exciter (16) with one or more rotatable unbalances (3) for generating a time-varying multiple-frequency excitation force which is generated by overlapping a time-varying base excitation force of a base frequency (f1) with one or more additional time-varying excitation forces of additional frequencies (f2) which are greater than the base frequency, wherein the phase between the base excitation force and at least one of the additional excitation forces is adjustable during operation particularly continuously, and
a tool (15, 26) for acting on a working surface, which is coupled to the unbalance exciter for vibration stimulation, characterized in that
the machine comprises means for determining the vibration response of the tool (15, 26) to the vibration stimulation of the unbalance exciter (16) in operation as intended of the machine and/or means for determining the course of the working surface reaction force in operation as intended of the machine,
and the machine comprises a machine control, by means of which the phase between the base excitation force and at least one of the additional excitation forces is determined in operation automatically and particularly continuously in such a way that a vibration response of the tool (15, 26) or a course of the working surface reaction force results, for which the ratio between the maximum amplitude of the vibration response of the tool in tool working direction and the maximum amplitude of the vibration response of the tool in a direction opposite to the tool working direction or the ratio between the maximum force of the working surface reaction force course in working direction of the tool and the maximum force of the working surface reaction force course in a direction opposite to the working direction of the tool for given frequencies (f1, f2) and amplitudes of the base and additional excitation forces is maximal. - Machine according to claim 7, further comprising a machine control by means of which the phase, the frequency (f1, f2) and/or the amplitude of the base excitation force and/or of one or more of the additional excitation forces are adjusted automatically and particularly continuously during operation in such a way that a vibration response of the tool (15, 26) or a course of the working surface reaction force results, in case of which the maximum amplitude of the vibration response of the tool or the maximum force of the working surface reaction force course doesn't exceed a certain maximum value in a direction opposite to the pressing direction of the tool (15, 26) on the working surface, in order to avoid a temporary contact loss between the tool (15, 26) and the working surface in operation as intended.
- Machine according to one of the claims 7 to 8, further comprising means for particularly continuously determining the resonance frequency of the system machine-tool-working surface in operation as intended.
- Machine according to claim 9, further comprising a machine control by means of which the base frequency (f1) is set automatically during operation and particularly continuously to a frequency which is a little above the determined resonance frequency, particularly to a frequency in the range between 105 % and 130 %, particularly between 110 % and 120 % of the determined resonance frequency.
- Machine according to one of the claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the machine is a drilling machine, a road milling machine, a tunnel milling machine, a ram or a machine for soil compaction, particularly a vibration plate or a vibration roller.
- Machine according to one of the claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the unbalance exciter is formed in such a way that at least one of the additional excitation forces is varied over time with an additional frequency (f2) corresponding to an integral factor of the base frequency (f1), particularly with a frequency (f2) corresponding to the double base frequency.
- Machine according to one of the claims 7 to 12, characterized in that the unbalance exciter is formed in such a way that separate unbalance masses (3) carrying out each a separate rotation movement are present for generating the base excitation force and the additional excitation forces.
- Machine according to one of the claims 7 to 12, characterized in that the unbalance exciter is formed in such a way that a common unbalance mass (3) carrying out at least two overlapping rotation movements is present for generating the base excitation force and at least one additional excitation force.
- Machine according to claim 14, characterized in that the unbalance exciter is formed in such a way that the exciter (16) has a counter weight (31) for decreasing the unbalance generated by the unbalance mass (3) during rotation with the base frequency (f1).
- Machine according to one of the claims 7 to 15, characterized in that the unbalance exciter is formed in such a way that the base frequency (f1) and/or the additional frequencies (f2) are set particularly continuously and particularly during operation.
- Machine according to one of the claims 7 to 16, characterized in that the unbalance exciter is formed in such a way that the amplitude of the base excitation force and/or the amplitude of the one or more of the additional excitation forces are set particularly continuously and particularly during operation, particularly independently from the respective frequency.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008008802A DE102008008802B4 (en) | 2008-02-12 | 2008-02-12 | Soil compactor with a vibration exciter |
PCT/CH2008/000360 WO2009100543A1 (en) | 2008-02-12 | 2008-08-27 | Unbalance exciter with one or more several rotatable unbalances |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2242590A1 EP2242590A1 (en) | 2010-10-27 |
EP2242590B1 true EP2242590B1 (en) | 2019-02-27 |
Family
ID=40512411
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08783460.2A Not-in-force EP2242590B1 (en) | 2008-02-12 | 2008-08-27 | Unbalance exciter with one or more rotatable unbalances |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2242590B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102008008802B4 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009100543A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102107181B (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2012-10-10 | 潘国梁 | Gear shock excitation mechanism |
US9062420B2 (en) | 2011-07-15 | 2015-06-23 | Ammann Schweiz Ag | Unbalance type exciter for a soil compaction device |
CN105064180B (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2017-08-11 | 洛阳理工学院 | A kind of device of excitation of road roller |
CN112213060B (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2022-11-04 | 中国直升机设计研究所 | Rotor wing overall vibration mode excitation method for rotor wing aeroelastic stability test |
PL441217A1 (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2023-11-20 | Politechnika Łódzka | Unidirectional harmonic force exciter/damper with electronically coupled rotors |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2309172A (en) * | 1940-04-03 | 1943-01-26 | Kanski Leon M De | Vibrating processing machine |
DE1758996A1 (en) * | 1968-09-13 | 1971-04-08 | Eberhard Borsutzki | Multi-shaft circular oscillator with planetary, steplessly and directionally adjustable unbalances to change the size or direction of the centrifugal force |
GB1439455A (en) * | 1972-05-04 | 1976-06-16 | Secretary Industry Brit | Vibratory force-applying devices |
SU1119738A1 (en) * | 1980-01-03 | 1984-10-23 | Одесский Государственный Педагогический Институт Им.К.Д.Ушинского | Vibration exciter |
SE426719B (en) * | 1980-12-03 | 1983-02-07 | Thurner Geodynamik Ab | PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR PACKING A MATERIAL LAYER |
DE59009174D1 (en) * | 1989-08-03 | 1995-07-06 | Ammann Verdichtung Ag | Soil compacting device. |
DE29723617U1 (en) * | 1997-05-27 | 1998-11-26 | AMMANN Verdichtung GmbH, 53773 Hennef | Vibration plate to compact the soil |
EP1516961B1 (en) * | 2003-09-19 | 2013-12-25 | Ammann Aufbereitung AG | Method for determining soil rigidity and soil compaction device |
DE102005009095A1 (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2006-08-31 | Institut für Fertigteiltechnik und Fertigbau Weimar e.V. | Device for generation of three-dimensional oscillations in rigid vibration table has six unbalanced shafts whereby each of two counter rotating unbalanced shafts of oriented exciter represents one coordinate axis |
DE202006004707U1 (en) * | 2005-04-29 | 2006-06-22 | Ammann Verdichtung Gmbh | Vibration generator used in a machine comprises outer unbalanced shafts and a central unbalanced shaft having unbalanced weights and pivots in the peripheral direction relative to the weights using an adjusting device |
DE202006004706U1 (en) * | 2005-04-29 | 2006-06-22 | Ammann Verdichtung Gmbh | Vibration stimulator for compression device has imbalance weight of central imbalance shaft differing from half total imbalance weight of three imbalance shafts by at least 10 and preferably at least 20 per cent |
-
2008
- 2008-02-12 DE DE102008008802A patent/DE102008008802B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-08-27 WO PCT/CH2008/000360 patent/WO2009100543A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-08-27 EP EP08783460.2A patent/EP2242590B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2009100543A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
EP2242590A1 (en) | 2010-10-27 |
DE102008008802B4 (en) | 2011-12-15 |
DE102008008802A1 (en) | 2009-08-13 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE3239266C2 (en) | ||
EP2881516B1 (en) | Road roller | |
EP1337713B1 (en) | Compactor | |
EP2740846B1 (en) | Compacting machine | |
DE202010018525U1 (en) | compactor | |
DE102010056531A1 (en) | Vibration system for a compressor | |
DE2304942A1 (en) | VIBRATING ROLLER | |
EP2242590B1 (en) | Unbalance exciter with one or more rotatable unbalances | |
EP2564943A2 (en) | Oscillation exciter for creating an aligned excited oscillation | |
EP3450631B1 (en) | Deep vibration apparatus with an adjustable unbalance mass body | |
EP1305121B1 (en) | Controllable vibration generator | |
EP2732100B1 (en) | Unbalance exciter for a ground compaction device | |
DE10147957A1 (en) | Vibration exciter for a soil compaction device | |
DE102014019139A1 (en) | Deep vibrator with variable imbalance | |
DE2001987A1 (en) | Soil compacting device | |
EP1534439B1 (en) | Vibration exciter for soil compacting devices | |
DE102017000193A1 (en) | Roller for soil compaction and method for generating a vibration image of a roller for soil compaction | |
EP1212148B1 (en) | Vibration exciter for ground compacting devices | |
EP3165290B1 (en) | Vibration generator and method for inserting a pile element into the ground | |
WO2018098599A1 (en) | Method and device for milling stone material or stone-like material | |
EP0411349B1 (en) | Machine for soil compacting | |
EP3384096B1 (en) | Arrangement for providing a pulsing compressive force | |
AT523034A2 (en) | Machine and method for stabilizing a track | |
DE19631991B4 (en) | Vibrator, especially for a vibration bear | |
EP2050873A2 (en) | Vibration roller |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20100726 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL BA MK RS |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20180625 |
|
GRAJ | Information related to disapproval of communication of intention to grant by the applicant or resumption of examination proceedings by the epo deleted |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTC | Intention to grant announced (deleted) | ||
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: AMMANN, ULRICH, ANDREAS Inventor name: KAUFMANN, KUNO Inventor name: ANDEREGG, ROLAND Inventor name: HOERSTER, JOCHEN |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20181017 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 1100572 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20190315 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 502008016614 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: MP Effective date: 20190227 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG4D |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190527 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190627 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190528 Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190627 Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190527 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20190822 Year of fee payment: 12 Ref country code: CZ Payment date: 20190813 Year of fee payment: 12 Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20190822 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 502008016614 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20190821 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 20190813 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20191128 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190827 Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: BE Ref legal event code: MM Effective date: 20190831 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190827 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190831 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MM01 Ref document number: 1100572 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20190827 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190827 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 502008016614 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20200827 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200831 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200831 Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200827 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO Effective date: 20080827 Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20210302 Ref country code: MT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200831 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200827 |